CN210176787U - Movable drum-type carbonization furnace - Google Patents

Abstract

The utility model relates to a mobilizable drum-type retort belongs to carbomorphism equipment technical field. The carbonization device comprises a base and a carbonization device, wherein the carbonization device comprises a burner and a carbonization roller which is sleeved at the middle section of the burner and rotates by taking the burner as a central shaft; the base top is equipped with the fixed bolster, fixes respectively the anterior segment and the back end of combustor make the combustor is relative the base is the tilt state, a plurality of through-hole has been seted up to the combustor middle section, makes the combustor middle section, the carbonization cylinder is inside to communicate with each other. The utility model has simple structure, low cost and simple operation, is convenient for farmers to accept and is suitable for being popularized in vast rural areas. The internally heated carbonization furnace device is designed, so that the phenomena of energy waste and incomplete carbonization are avoided, the high-efficiency continuous carbon preparation is realized, the carbonization quality is improved, the secondary pollution is reduced, the cost is reduced, and meanwhile, the safety and the reliability are ensured.

Description

Movable drum-type carbonization furnace

Technical Field

The utility model relates to a mobilizable drum-type retort belongs to carbomorphism equipment technical field.

Background

China is the first world-wide straw nation and accounts for about 25% of the total amount of the straws in the world. According to statistics of agricultural departments, theoretical resource quantity of main crop straws in 2015 is 10.4 hundred million t, comprehensive utilization rate of the straws reaches 80.1%, but the effective utilization rate and the technical level have little difference from developed countries. With the change of agricultural production modes and the improvement of rural living standard, the phenomena of random abandonment of field straws and open-air incineration become more and more serious, so that not only is the resource waste caused, but also the three-dimensional environmental pollution is formed.

The biochar has a wide application foundation in the aspects of soil improvement, pollution control, carbon emission reduction, environmental management and the like, and is one of important ways for comprehensive development and utilization of straws by utilizing agricultural wastes with rich sources along with enhancement of global environmental protection consciousness and gradual reduction of forest resources. In recent years, a large amount of capital and manpower are invested in by a plurality of scientific research institutions and enterprises in China to develop a series of carbonization technical equipment, certain achievements are obtained, and at present, the carbonization technical equipment is mainly concentrated on technical equipment which is more than medium-sized and suitable for industrial production.

Agricultural straws have the characteristics of seasonality, wide dispersion, large volume, small density and the like, and have the limitations of tedious collection work, high transportation cost and the like, and the factors of high energy consumption and labor consumption, low efficiency and the like in the process of manufacturing charcoal by using a rural local soil kiln further influence the enthusiasm of farmers for manufacturing charcoal and the development of the biomass charcoal industry. The existing mobile carbonization furnace realizes the direct in-situ preparation of the agricultural and forestry wastes such as straws into the biochar, reduces the intermediate collection and transportation links, greatly reduces the production cost and lightens the labor intensity. The following disadvantages remain: low efficiency, long carbonization time, or more complex structure and higher cost, which exceeds the bearing capacity of farmers.

Disclosure of Invention

The to-be-solved technical problem of the utility model lies in providing a mobilizable drum-type retort, its simple structure, it is easy and simple to handle.

The utility model discloses a realize like this:

a movable drum-type carbonization furnace comprises a base and a carbonization device, wherein the carbonization device comprises a burner and a carbonization drum which is sleeved at the middle section of the burner and rotates by taking the burner as a central shaft; the base top is equipped with the fixed bolster, fixes respectively the anterior segment and the back end of combustor make the combustor is relative the base is the tilt state, a plurality of through-hole has been seted up to the combustor middle section, makes the combustor middle section, the carbonization cylinder is inside to communicate with each other.

Furthermore, the upper end and the lower end of the carbonization roller are respectively provided with a feed inlet and a discharge outlet.

Furthermore, the two sides of the discharge opening are provided with spraying cooling devices, and the lower end of the discharge opening is provided with an air seal device.

Furthermore, the front end of the base is provided with a traction shaft, and wheels and a lifting support seat are arranged below the traction shaft.

Furthermore, the front end of the burner is provided with a fuel feeding hole, and the tail end of the burner is provided with an ash outlet.

Furthermore, a valve is arranged at one end of the rear section of the burner, which is close to the carbonization roller.

Furthermore, a temperature sensor is arranged in the carbonization roller.

Furthermore, the inner wall of the carbonization roller is provided with a hollow layer along the whole circumferential wall, and the inner side of the hollow layer is provided with a notch, so that the hollow layer is communicated with the interior of the carbonization roller.

Furthermore, the inner side of the outer layer of the hollow layer is provided with a heat-insulating coating.

The utility model has the advantages that: the utility model has simple structure, low cost and simple operation, is convenient for farmers to accept and is suitable for being popularized in vast rural areas. The internally heated carbonization furnace device is designed, so that the phenomena of energy waste and incomplete carbonization are avoided, the high-efficiency continuous carbon preparation is realized, the carbonization quality is improved, the secondary pollution is reduced, the cost is reduced, and meanwhile, the safety and the reliability are ensured. The biomass-rich organic fertilizer can be obtained from local materials, carries out resource development and utilization on the biomass such as sorghum straws, rice husks, agricultural and forestry wastes and the like, is popularized and used in vast rural areas, and has important significance and wide market prospect. The method comprises the following specific steps:

1. the straw is prevented from being hardened and agglomerated in the carbonization furnace by using the turning action of the carbonization roller on the straw and the interference action of the burner, so that the straw is uniformly heated, and the carbon yield quality is improved;

2. the method can realize high-efficiency continuous production, overcomes the defects of whole furnace carbon discharge or higher manufacturing cost and the like of the existing mobile carbonization furnace in the current market, and also avoids the waste of time and energy in the processes of temperature rise and temperature reduction;

3. the carbonization roller is communicated with the burner, so that the hydrocarbon generated in the carbonization roller can be introduced into the burner for treatment, and the heat generated by the burner can be recycled, thereby reducing the consumption of energy and the pollution to the environment;

4. straw substances do not need to be crushed, so that mechanical force is saved;

5. the drum-type carbonization furnace is provided with the hollow layer, so that the functions of heat preservation and personnel protection are realized;

6. a temperature sensor is arranged in the drum-type carbonization furnace, which is beneficial to monitoring the carbonization environment;

7. the movable design can carry out the straw carbonization operation on the spot, and the material collection and transportation links and the biomass charcoal returning transportation link are omitted.

Drawings

The invention will be further described with reference to the following examples with reference to the accompanying drawings.

Fig. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of the present invention.

Detailed Description

Example 1

Referring to fig. 1, the present invention relates to a movable drum-type carbonization furnace, which comprises a bottom plate 1, a burner 2, a hollow carbonization drum 3, wheels 4 for supporting the bottom plate 1, and a lifting support base 5 for stabilizing and balancing the adjusting device (ascending during transportation, descending during landing for supporting and balancing). The upper part of the bottom plate 1 is provided with a fixed support 6 which is respectively fixed on the front section and the rear section of the combustor 2, so that the combustor 2 is opposite to the base 1 and is in an inclined state, and fuel and straw materials can actively move towards the rear lower part by self weight. The carbonization roller 3 is sleeved at the middle section of the burner 2 and rotates under the driving by taking the burner 2 as a central shaft. A plurality of through holes are arranged at the middle section of the burner 2 to play the role of a lighter, so that the middle section of the burner 2 is communicated with the carbonization roller 3.

The upper end and the lower end of the carbonization drum 3 are respectively provided with a feed inlet 31 and a discharge outlet 32.

The discharge opening 32 is provided with spray cooling devices 33 on both sides. The lower end of the discharge opening 32 is provided with a wind device 34 to prevent the discharge opening from blocking.

The front end of the base 1 is provided with a traction shaft 7 for traction movement.

The front end of the combustor 2 is provided with a fuel feeding hole 21, and the tail end is provided with an ash outlet 22. A valve 23 is provided at the end of the rear section of the burner 2 adjacent to the charring drum for saving fuel, since the fuel does not play a great role in the rear section. During cleaning, the valve is opened, and ash and slag are discharged from the ash outlet 22.

And a temperature sensor 8 is arranged in the carbonization roller 3 and can monitor the temperature.

The inner wall of the carbonization drum 3 is provided with a hollow layer 35 along the whole circumferential wall, and the inner side of the hollow layer 35 is provided with a notch 351, so that the hollow layer 35 and the interior of the carbonization drum 3 are communicated. And a heat-insulating coating is arranged on the inner side of the outer layer of the hollow layer 35. The heat preservation performance of the carbonization roller is enhanced, and the carbonization efficiency is improved.

The carbonization roller 3 is arranged on a supporting roller device (conventional device) of the combustor 2, the inner ring of the supporting roller device is matched and fixed with the combustor 2, the outer ring of the supporting roller device is tightly sealed with the carbonization roller 3 through a fixed sleeve, and a driving device is started to drive the carbonization roller 3 to rotate.

The utility model discloses a concrete process flow: and pulling the carbonization device to a target field by using agricultural machinery through a traction shaft 7, and putting down the liftable supporting seat 5 to finish the adjustment of the device. Firstly, fuel is put into a fuel feed port 21 of the combustor 2, and the combustor 2 is filled with the fuel, wherein the fuel can be a small amount of agricultural and forestry waste, straws to be carbonized or charcoal and other ignitable raw materials. The fuel automatically slides down due to the angle of inclination. The feeding hole 31 is opened to fill the carbonization roller 3, and the carbonization roller 3 is driven to rotate to ensure that the material is filled to the fullest extent. After the fuel of the burner and the material in the charring drum are filled at the same time, the igniter 24 is turned on to ignite the fuel. In the carbonization process, the carbonization roller 3 is driven to rotate intermittently, so that the carbonized materials are heated uniformly, and the caking phenomenon is prevented. The hydrocarbon generated in the carbonization process enters the burner 2 through the through hole on the burner 2 to be continuously combusted, so that the combustible components are fully combusted, and the heat generated by the burner 2 is circularly supplied to the carbonization drum 3. The heat of the flue gas generated in the carbonization process enters the hollow layer 35 through the gap to provide heat preservation for the carbonization roller 3. The carbonization process can be monitored for temperature by the temperature sensor 8. After carbonization is finished and proper cooling is performed, the discharge opening 32 is opened, formed biomass charcoal is continuously discharged through the discharge opening 32, the carbonization roller 3 is driven to rotate if necessary, the spraying cooling device and the air seal machine are opened, normal discharging of the biomass charcoal can be realized, and the phenomenon of blockage of the discharge opening is avoided. The next link can utilize the residual heat of the burner and the carbonization roller to carry out continuous operation, thereby realizing high-efficiency continuous production and improving the production efficiency.

The utility model discloses simple structure can realize pulling the removal, and is easy and simple to handle, safe effective, can reduce cost, realizes handling the straw on the spot and obtains biomass charcoal, and the peasant of being convenient for accepts and uses widely in vast rural area.

Although specific embodiments of the present invention have been described, it will be understood by those skilled in the art that the specific embodiments described are illustrative only and are not limiting upon the scope of the invention, and that equivalent modifications and variations can be made by those skilled in the art without departing from the spirit of the invention, which is to be limited only by the claims appended hereto.

Claims (9)

1. The utility model provides a mobilizable drum-type retort, includes base and carbomorphism device, its characterized in that: the carbonization device comprises a burner and a carbonization roller which is sleeved at the middle section of the burner and rotates by taking the burner as a central shaft; the base top is equipped with the fixed bolster, fixes respectively the anterior segment and the back end of combustor make the combustor is relative the base is the tilt state, a plurality of through-hole has been seted up in the combustor middle section, makes the combustor middle section with the carbonization cylinder is inside to communicate with each other.

2. A movable-drum carbonization furnace as defined in claim 1, wherein: and the upper end and the lower end of the carbonization roller are respectively provided with a feed inlet and a discharge outlet.

3. A movable-drum carbonization furnace as defined in claim 2, wherein: the discharge opening is provided with spraying cooling devices on two sides, and the lower end of the discharge opening is provided with an air seal device.

4. A movable-drum carbonization furnace as defined in claim 1, wherein: the base front end is equipped with the traction shaft, and its below is equipped with wheel and liftable supporting seat.

5. A movable-drum carbonization furnace as defined in claim 1, wherein: the front end of the combustor is provided with a fuel feeding hole, and the tail end of the combustor is provided with an ash outlet.

6. A movable-drum carbonization furnace as defined in claim 1, wherein: and a valve is arranged at one end of the rear section of the burner, which is close to the carbonization roller.

7. A movable-drum carbonization furnace as defined in claim 1, wherein: and a temperature sensor is arranged in the carbonization roller.

8. A movable-drum carbonization furnace as defined in claim 1, wherein: the inner wall of the carbonization roller is provided with a hollow layer along the whole circumferential wall, and the inner side of the hollow layer is provided with a notch, so that the hollow layer is communicated with the interior of the carbonization roller.

9. A movable-drum carbonization furnace as defined in claim 8, wherein: and a heat-insulating coating is arranged on the inner side of the outer layer of the hollow layer.

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