CN210159913U - Vibration exciter - Google Patents

Vibration exciter Download PDF

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Publication number
CN210159913U
CN210159913U CN201920605666.8U CN201920605666U CN210159913U CN 210159913 U CN210159913 U CN 210159913U CN 201920605666 U CN201920605666 U CN 201920605666U CN 210159913 U CN210159913 U CN 210159913U
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wheel
shaft
rotating shaft
vibration exciter
driving
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CN201920605666.8U
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Chinese (zh)
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胡光学
孟兰莹
冯敏
孟艳伟
樊学勇
张海锋
郑海彬
胡锦华
沙旭
苏乾坤
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Xuzhou XCMG Mining Machinery Co Ltd
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Xuzhou XCMG Mining Machinery Co Ltd
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Abstract

The utility model relates to a vibration exciter, including excitation shaft and eccentric block, the excitation shaft includes central pivot and outer lane pivot, outer lane pivot cover is equipped with the axial through-hole, central pivot set up in the axial through-hole of outer lane pivot, central pivot with the coaxial setting of outer lane pivot, be provided with first eccentric block in the pivot of center, be provided with the second eccentric block in the pivot of outer lane. When the vibration exciter is started, the exciting force is zero, the vibration exciter can be stably started, the required exciting force and amplitude are obtained by adjusting the relative position angle of the eccentric block after the vibration exciter reaches the rated rotating speed, and the exciting force is adjusted to be zero before the vibration equipment is stopped, so that stable stop is realized.

Description

Vibration exciter
Technical Field
The invention relates to an excitation device, in particular to a vibration exciter.
Background
The vibration exciter is used as a main working part of the vibration equipment, and the performance of the vibration exciter has great influence on the working performance of the whole equipment. Vibratory equipment is used in a wide variety of applications in mines and metallurgical plants, coal preparation plants, chemical plants, power plants, foundry plants, construction sites, cement plants, and food processing plants, such as vibratory feeders, vibrating screens, vibratory centrifuges, vibratory formers, vibratory compactors, vibrators, vibratory rollers, vibratory test benches, and the like. The applications and kinds of vibration devices are statistically hundreds or more, and they play a very important role in various aspects of industry, agriculture, national defense, and human social life.
When the vibration exciter works, the position of the eccentric block is adjusted to adjust the size of the eccentric mass, so that the size of the exciting force is changed, and the amplitude of the vibration equipment is changed along with the change of the exciting force of the vibration exciter. As shown in fig. 1, when the eccentric blocks are arranged as shown in (a), the eccentric mass is at the center of the rotating shaft, the eccentric forces caused by the two eccentric blocks are mutually offset, and the excitation force of the vibration exciter is zero; when the eccentric blocks are arranged according to the position shown in the drawing (g), the mass centers of the two eccentric blocks are superposed, the eccentric mass is maximum, and the excitation force of the vibration exciter is maximum; when the eccentric blocks are arranged according to the steps (b) to (f), the eccentric mass of the vibration exciter is increased along with the increase of the installation angle of the eccentric block on one side, and the exciting force of the vibration exciter is increased accordingly.
The excitation shaft of the existing vibration exciter is a single shaft, a fixed eccentric block 16 (fixed in position and not adjustable) and an adjustable eccentric block 17 are arranged on the shaft, the relative position of the fixed eccentric block 16 and the fixed eccentric block can be adjusted within a certain range, the relative positions are designed to be a plurality of fixed positions, and the adjustable positions are limited. Fig. 2 and 3 show prior art exciters which are started with eccentric masses, i.e. the eccentric mass is first adjusted to work when the vibration device is started. The adjustment of eccentric block position must adjust after shutting down, and need the manual work to carry out dismouting again, and it is big to adjust work load. When the vibration exciter is started, the moment of inertia caused by the eccentric mass needs to be overcome, and the starting torque of the vibration exciter is large. The eccentric mass of the exciting shaft exists in the starting and stopping processes, and the eccentric force can be caused to drive the vibration equipment to vibrate. Before the rated speed is reached and the machine is completely stopped, the vibration device vibrates through the resonance region, the vibration device has larger amplitude, and the amplitude of the vibration device is possibly tens of times or more of the normal working amplitude. The collision of the vibrating equipment with surrounding structures can be caused, and potential safety hazards exist.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention provides a vibration exciter capable of flexibly adjusting the magnitude of exciting force, and aims to solve the problems that in the prior art, the vibration exciter needs to be disassembled and then reinstalled after the amplitude is adjusted, so that the process is complicated, and the workload is large.
The technical scheme adopted by the invention is as follows: the vibration exciter comprises a vibration exciting shaft and an eccentric block, wherein the vibration exciting shaft comprises a central rotating shaft and an outer ring rotating shaft, an axial through hole is formed in the outer ring rotating shaft in a sleeved mode, the central rotating shaft is arranged in the axial through hole of the outer ring rotating shaft, the central rotating shaft and the outer ring rotating shaft are coaxially arranged, a first eccentric block is arranged on the central rotating shaft, and a second eccentric block is arranged on the outer ring rotating shaft;
the central rotating shaft and the outer ring rotating shaft are both connected with a driving device for driving the central rotating shaft to rotate around the shaft and the outer ring rotating shaft to rotate around the shaft.
Furthermore, the length of the outer ring rotating shaft is smaller than that of the central rotating shaft, two first eccentric blocks are arranged on the side wall of the central rotating shaft, and the two first eccentric blocks are arranged on the same side of the central rotating shaft.
Furthermore, the number of the second eccentric blocks is two, and the second eccentric blocks are arranged on the outer side wall of the outer ring rotating shaft.
Further, when the first eccentric block and the second eccentric shaft are arranged on two sides of the axis of the excitation shaft, the mass center of the excitation shaft is overlapped with the rotation center.
Furthermore, the driving device is a differential gear train, the differential gear train comprises a driving wheel, an adjusting wheel, a middle shaft wheel, an outer shaft wheel, an auxiliary wheel, a planet wheel and a sun wheel, the driving wheel is connected with a driving shaft, the driving wheel is driven to rotate through the driving shaft, the middle shaft wheel is meshed with the driving wheel and is connected with the central rotating shaft;
the outer ring rotating shaft is connected with an outer shaft wheel, the outer shaft wheel is meshed with a planet wheel, the planet wheel is connected with an auxiliary wheel through a connecting shaft, and the auxiliary wheel is meshed with the middle shaft wheel;
the sun gear is meshed with the adjusting wheel. The planet wheel and the auxiliary wheel realize synchronous rotation through a connecting shaft, the connecting shaft is matched with the sun wheel through a pin hole, the connecting shaft can flexibly rotate in a mounting hole of the sun wheel, and the pin hole is arranged to deviate from the center of the sun wheel.
Furthermore, the regulating wheel is a driving wheel.
Furthermore, the driving wheel, the middle shaft wheel and the central rotating shaft are all in gear transmission.
Furthermore, two ends of the connecting shaft are respectively fixedly connected with the auxiliary wheel and the planet wheel.
The invention also provides an adjusting method of the vibration exciter, which comprises the steps of
S01, driving the central rotating shaft and the outer ring rotating shaft to rotate around the shaft through a driving device until the first eccentric block and the second eccentric block reach two opposite sides of the axis of the vibration exciting shaft, and starting a vibration exciter;
s02, the driving device drives the central rotating shaft and the outer ring rotating shaft to synchronously rotate, and the relative positions of the first eccentric block and the second eccentric block are fixed until the vibration exciter reaches a rated rotating speed;
s03, the driving device drives the central rotating shaft and the outer ring rotating shaft to rotate relatively, the relative position of the first eccentric block and the second eccentric block is changed, and the amplitude of the vibration exciter is adjusted to a set value.
Furthermore, the driving device is a differential wheel, the differential wheel comprises a driving wheel, a middle shaft wheel, an auxiliary wheel, a planet wheel and a sun wheel, the driving wheel is connected with a driving shaft, the driving wheel is driven to rotate by the driving shaft, the middle shaft wheel is meshed with the driving wheel, and the middle shaft wheel is connected with the central rotating shaft;
the outer ring rotating shaft is connected with an outer shaft wheel, the outer shaft wheel is meshed with a planet wheel, the planet wheel is connected with an auxiliary wheel through a connecting shaft, and the auxiliary wheel is meshed with the middle shaft wheel;
the sun wheel is in meshing connection with the planet wheel; the sun wheel is meshed with an adjusting wheel which is a driving wheel;
the step S02 specifically includes: the driving wheel is started, the adjusting wheel and the sun wheel are locked, the driving wheel drives the middle shaft wheel to rotate, the middle shaft wheel drives the planet wheel to rotate, the planet wheel drives the outer shaft wheel to rotate, and the middle shaft wheel and the outer shaft wheel keep synchronous rotation through the planet wheel;
the step S03 specifically includes: the vibration exciter reaches rated speed, and the drive wheel keeps the constant rotational speed, inching fine setting regulating wheel, the regulating wheel starts, drives the sun gear and rotates, and the planet wheel drives the outer shaft wheel and rotates, and the planet wheel receives the effect of well arbor wheel and rotates around self axis, simultaneously because the sun gear drives the planet wheel and rotates around the rotation center of sun gear, the relative position of the eccentric block on center axis of rotation and the outer lane axis of rotation changes to the setting value.
The beneficial effects produced by the invention comprise: 1. the vibration exciter adopts a concentric double-rotating-shaft structure, the eccentric blocks are respectively and symmetrically (namely, the eccentric blocks are symmetrical about the central vertical line of the rotating central shaft, as shown in a figure 4) arranged on the two shafts, and the relative positions of the eccentric blocks on the two shafts can be flexibly adjusted by adjusting the relative rotating state of the two concentric shafts, so that the size of the exciting force can be adjusted. The relative position of the eccentric blocks on the two shafts is not a set fixed position, the relative position can be adjusted at will, and the adjusting range of the exciting force of the vibration exciter is wide;
2. the position of the eccentric masses on the two shafts can be adjusted to be in the arrangement shown in fig. 5, and the output exciting force of the vibration exciter is zero at the moment. At the moment, the vibration equipment is started and stopped, the vibration equipment does not vibrate and does not need to pass through a resonance area, the vibration equipment can be stably started and stopped, the danger of collision with nearby structures is avoided, and the safety coefficient is high;
3. and a differential gear train is adopted for driving. Can be freely switched between an adjusting state and a working state. The relative rotation angle of the two concentric shafts can be effectively and timely adjusted by adjusting the state. The working state can well ensure the synchronism of the concentric double shafts of the excitation shaft, ensure the constant numerical value of the output excitation force and ensure the stable working of the vibration equipment;
4. the differential gear train is adopted for driving, so that the relative position of the eccentric block can be adjusted in real time when the vibration exciter works, and the machine does not need to be stopped. The eccentric block does not need to be disassembled and assembled, so that the workload of workers is reduced, and the working efficiency is improved;
5. the amplitude detection sensor is added, amplitude data are fed back, the control system realizes closed-loop control, the equipment can be automatically adjusted according to the input amplitude data, one-key starting and one-key stopping can also be realized, and the automation degree is high.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic illustration of eccentric mass adjustment;
FIG. 2 is a schematic structural diagram of a conventional vibration exciter;
FIG. 3 is a schematic structural view of the adjustable eccentric block of FIG. 2 adjusted by 60 degrees to the fixed eccentric block;
FIG. 4 is a schematic view of the vibration exciter of the present invention;
FIG. 5 is a diagram of relative positions of the eccentric blocks of FIG. 4;
FIG. 6 is a central rotary shaft of a vibration exciter according to the present invention;
FIG. 7 shows an outer ring rotor of a vibration exciter according to the present invention;
FIG. 8 is a schematic representation of the construction of a differential wheel according to the present invention;
in the figure, 1, a driving wheel, 2, an adjusting wheel, 3, a middle shaft wheel, 4, an outer shaft wheel, 5, a sun wheel, 6, a planet wheel, 7, an auxiliary wheel, 8, a connecting shaft, 9, an axis, 10, a first eccentric block, 11, a second eccentric block, 12, a central rotating shaft, 13, an outer ring rotating shaft, 14, an adjusting shaft, 15, a driving shaft, 16, a fixed eccentric block, 17 and an adjustable eccentric block.
Detailed Description
The present invention is further described with reference to the following drawings and detailed description, but it should be understood that the scope of the present invention is not limited by the detailed description.
As shown in fig. 4 to 8, the vibration exciter of the present invention includes an excitation shaft and eccentric blocks, the excitation shaft includes a central rotating shaft 12 and an outer rotating shaft 13, an axial through hole is provided in the outer rotating shaft 13, the central rotating shaft 12 is disposed in the outer rotating shaft 13, the central rotating shaft 12 and the outer rotating shaft 13 are coaxially disposed, the shaft is replaced by an "axis 9" in the following description, two first eccentric blocks 10 are provided on the side wall of the central rotating shaft 12, and the two first eccentric blocks 10 are disposed on the same side of the axis 9; two second eccentric blocks 11 are arranged on the outer ring rotating shaft 13, the two second eccentric blocks 11 are arranged on the outer side wall of the outer ring rotating shaft 13, the two second eccentric blocks 11 are arranged on the same side of the axis 9, the two second eccentric blocks 11 are arranged between the two first eccentric blocks 10, and the length of the outer ring rotating shaft 13 is smaller than or equal to the distance between the two first eccentric blocks 10.
The central rotating shaft 12 and the outer ring rotating shaft 13 are both connected with a driving device for driving the central rotating shaft 12 to rotate around a shaft and the outer ring rotating shaft 13 to rotate around the shaft, in the embodiment, the driving device adopts a differential gear train, specifically, the differential gear train comprises a driving wheel 1, a central shaft wheel 3, an auxiliary wheel 7, a planet wheel 6 and a sun wheel 5, the driving wheel 1 is connected with a driving shaft 15, the driving wheel 1 is driven to rotate through the driving shaft 15, the central shaft wheel 3 is meshed with the driving wheel 1, and the central shaft wheel 3 is connected with the; the outer ring rotating shaft 13 is connected with an outer shaft wheel 4, the outer shaft wheel 4 is meshed with a planet wheel 6, the planet wheel 6 is connected with an auxiliary wheel 7 through a connecting shaft 8, and the auxiliary wheel 7 is meshed with a middle shaft wheel 3. The sun wheel 5 is engaged with an adjusting wheel 2, and the adjusting wheel 2 is a driving wheel and is driven by an adjusting shaft 14. The driving wheel 1, the regulating wheel 2, the middle shaft wheel 3, the outer shaft wheel 4, the sun wheel 5, the planet wheel 6 and the auxiliary wheel 7 are all in gear transmission. Two ends of the connecting shaft 8 are respectively fixedly connected with the auxiliary wheel 7 and the planet wheel 6. The planet wheel 6 and the auxiliary wheel 7 synchronously rotate through a connecting shaft 8, the connecting shaft 8 is matched with the sun wheel 5 through a pin hole, the connecting shaft can flexibly rotate in a mounting hole of the sun wheel 5, and the pin hole is arranged to deviate from the center of the sun wheel.
The vibration exciter of the invention is arranged on a fixed frame, an outer shaft wheel 4 of a differential gear train is connected with an outer ring rotating shaft 13 of the vibration exciting shaft, and the outer shaft wheel 4 of the differential gear train is connected with a central rotating shaft 12 of the vibration exciting shaft.
The vibration exciter of the invention has the functional principle that:
1. the initial state. The placement of the eccentric mass on the excitation shaft is shown in fig. 5, where the center of mass of the excitation shaft coincides with the center of rotation. The starting torque is small, only the moment of inertia of the excitation shaft is needed to be overcome, the excitation shaft has no eccentric force, and the starting is stable.
2. Starting the vibration exciter until the exciting shaft reaches the rated rotating speed. The driving wheel 1 is started, the regulating wheel 2 is locked, the sun wheel 5 is locked, the driving wheel 1 drives the middle shaft wheel 3 to rotate, the middle shaft wheel 3 drives the planet wheel 6 to rotate through the auxiliary wheel 7, the planet wheel 6 drives the outer shaft wheel 4 to rotate, wherein the sun wheel 5 is locked, the middle shaft wheel 3 and the outer shaft wheel 4 keep synchronous rotation through the planet wheel 6, gear transmission is adopted, and the synchronism is good.
3. And (5) amplitude adjustment. When the vibration exciter reaches a rated rotating speed, the driving wheel 1 keeps a constant rotating speed, the fine adjustment adjusting wheel 2 is inching, and the adjusting wheel 2 is started to drive the sun wheel 5 to rotate. Planet wheel 6 drives outer arbor wheel 4 and rotates, planet wheel 6 receives the effect of well arbor wheel 3 and rotates around self axis 9, simultaneously because sun gear 5 drives planet wheel 6 rotatory around the rotation center of sun gear 5, make planet wheel 6 and well arbor wheel 3 can't keep synchronous rotation, then well arbor wheel 3 can't keep synchronous rotation with outer arbor wheel 4, this relative position that just makes the central axis of rotation of excitation shaft and the epaxial eccentric block of outer lane rotation has taken place the change, thereby the excitation force of vibration exciter and the amplitude of vibrating equipment have been changed.
4. And (5) stopping the machine. Firstly, the vibration equipment is kept unloaded, then the fine adjustment wheel 2 is inching to enable the amplitude of the vibration equipment to be zero, and finally the operation is stopped.
The drive unit can be replaced by other schemes
1. Using a differential gear train: other differential gearing schemes may be substituted for those contemplated by the present invention.
2. Without the use of a differential gear train: two sets of driving elements are used for respectively driving the central rotating shaft 12 and the outer ring rotating shaft 13 of the excitation shaft.
The detection sensor can be added to the amplitude of the vibration equipment to output feedback signals, and the control system realizes closed-loop control, thereby being beneficial to realizing automatic operation. A worker only needs to input a required amplitude value on an operation panel, and the system automatically adjusts through feeding back amplitude data until the amplitude of the vibration equipment reaches a required value.
The vibration exciter has the following advantages:
1. the excitation shaft of the vibration exciter is of a concentric double-shaft structure, and the eccentric blocks are symmetrically arranged on two concentric shafts;
2. the two concentric shafts can realize synchronous rotation and differential rotation, and can be freely switched between synchronous rotation and differential rotation;
3. synchronous rotation and differential rotation of two concentric shafts are realized through a differential gear train;
4. the relative position of the eccentric block can be flexibly adjusted, so that the size of the exciting force and the amplitude can be flexibly adjusted;
5. zero excitation force starting and stopping can be realized by adjusting the position of the eccentric block;
6. the position of the eccentric block is adjusted in an automatic conversation process, so that the machine does not need to be stopped, and the disassembly and assembly work does not need to be carried out manually;
7. a detection sensor is added to provide a feedback signal, a control system realizes closed-loop control, one-key intelligent start and stop can be realized, and the automation degree is high;
8. the vibration exciters of the present invention can be used in a single group or in a combination of multiple groups according to the desired vibration trajectory, for example: the single group can realize circular vibration of the vibration equipment, and the two groups can realize linear vibration of the vibration equipment.
The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention, and the present invention is not limited to the content of the embodiment. It will be apparent to those skilled in the art that various changes and modifications can be made within the technical scope of the present invention, and any changes and modifications made are within the protective scope of the present invention.

Claims (8)

1. A vibration exciter comprises a vibration exciting shaft and an eccentric block, and is characterized in that: the excitation shaft comprises a central rotating shaft and an outer ring rotating shaft, an axial through hole is formed in the outer ring rotating shaft in a sleeved mode, the central rotating shaft is arranged in the axial through hole of the outer ring rotating shaft, the central rotating shaft and the outer ring rotating shaft are coaxially arranged, a first eccentric block is arranged on the central rotating shaft, and a second eccentric block is arranged on the outer ring rotating shaft;
the central rotating shaft and the outer ring rotating shaft are both connected with a driving device for driving the central rotating shaft to rotate around the shaft and the outer ring rotating shaft to rotate around the shaft.
2. The vibration exciter of claim 1, wherein: the length of the outer ring rotating shaft is smaller than that of the central rotating shaft, the number of the first eccentric blocks is two, the first eccentric blocks are arranged on the side wall of the central rotating shaft, and the two first eccentric blocks are arranged on the same side of the central rotating shaft.
3. The vibration exciter of claim 1, wherein: the second eccentric block is provided with two, and the second eccentric block is arranged on the outer side wall of the outer ring rotating shaft.
4. The vibration exciter of claim 1, wherein: when the first eccentric block and the second eccentric block are arranged on two sides of the axis of the excitation shaft, the mass center of the excitation shaft coincides with the rotation center.
5. The vibration exciter of claim 1, wherein: the driving device is a differential gear train, the differential gear train comprises a driving wheel, an adjusting wheel, an outer shaft wheel, a middle shaft wheel, an auxiliary wheel, a planet wheel and a sun wheel, the driving wheel is connected with a driving shaft, the driving wheel is driven to rotate through the driving shaft, the middle shaft wheel is meshed with the driving wheel and connected with the central rotating shaft;
the outer ring rotating shaft is connected with the outer shaft wheel, the outer shaft wheel is meshed with the planet wheel, the planet wheel is connected with the auxiliary wheel through a connecting shaft, and the auxiliary wheel is meshed with the middle shaft wheel;
the sun gear is meshed with the adjusting wheel.
6. The vibration exciter of claim 5, wherein: the regulating wheel is a driving wheel.
7. The vibration exciter of claim 5, wherein: the driving wheel, the middle shaft wheel and the central rotating shaft are all in gear transmission.
8. The vibration exciter of claim 5, wherein: and two ends of the connecting shaft are respectively and fixedly connected with the auxiliary wheel and the planet wheel.
CN201920605666.8U 2019-04-29 2019-04-29 Vibration exciter Active CN210159913U (en)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
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Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
CN201920605666.8U CN210159913U (en) 2019-04-29 2019-04-29 Vibration exciter

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CN210159913U true CN210159913U (en) 2020-03-20

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Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN110193462A (en) * 2019-04-29 2019-09-03 徐州徐工矿业机械有限公司 A kind of vibration excitor and its application method

Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN110193462A (en) * 2019-04-29 2019-09-03 徐州徐工矿业机械有限公司 A kind of vibration excitor and its application method

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