JP5349431B2 - Pile or wall placing device, placing method, and vibro hammer - Google Patents

Abstract

<P>PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a placing device for a large-sized pile or wall body, for which a plurality of vibration hammers are linked. <P>SOLUTION: The placing device of a pile or a wall body includes a base member, a holding device for holding the pile or the wall body, and a plurality of multi-spindle vibration hammers 2. The multi-spindle vibration hammer 2 includes: a drive shaft 14 to one end of which rotary force by rotary driving means is transmitted; a driven shaft 15; a pair of a fixed eccentric weight 11 and a movable eccentric weight 12 mounted on the drive shaft 14 and a driven shaft 15 respectively; a plurality of gears 13 for transmitting the rotary force transmitted to one end of the drive shaft 14; an amplitude varying device 17 mounted on one end of the driven shaft 15 so as to change or hold the phase difference of the movable eccentric weight 12 to the fixed eccentric weight 11; and linking means 5 provided between the adjacent multi-spindle vibration hammers 2, for linking the drive shafts 14 in both multi-spindle vibration hammers 2 with each other. <P>COPYRIGHT: (C)2012,JPO&amp;INPIT

Description

  The present invention relates to a driving device for driving a large pile or wall, and more particularly to a driving device in which a plurality of vibratory hammers are linked and a driving method using the same.

  Conventionally, when placing large-diameter piles or long wall bodies such as steel plate cells, using a single vibro hammer requires a huge drive source and large mass, which hinders production and transportation. It was. Therefore, a plurality of (large) vibratory hammers are attached to the pile or wall body, and they are linked to perform a synchronous operation to constitute one driving device and perform driving. For example, it describes in patent documents 1-3.

  FIG. 6A is a plan view schematically showing a conventional driving apparatus 100 attached to the steel plate cell 200, and FIG. 6B is a schematic front view (the inside of a dotted line box is omitted). The placing device 100 includes an annular base member 8 having a shape along the upper edge of the steel plate cell 200, a gripping device 9 that is attached to the lower surface of the base member 8 and holds the upper edge of the steel plate cell 200, There are twelve vibratory hammers 20 arranged and fixed in an annular shape on the upper surface of the base member 8. Two adjacent vibro hammers 20 are linked to each other by a universal joint 5. Each vibrator hammer 20 is tuned by appropriate driving means (not shown) via a pulley 16 mounted on the drive shaft. Here, the “tuned operation” means that the vibration phases of a plurality of vibratory hammers linked to each other match.

  Here, for example, when placing a monopile with a pile diameter exceeding 4 m or a steel plate cell with a cell diameter exceeding 18 m, the forced vibration frequency of the vibrator hammer and the natural vibration of the surrounding ground or structure or the base member are often used. As a result of the resonance phenomenon occurring with the number, there is a problem that vibration pollution due to ground vibration or a destruction phenomenon of the base member (crack of the member) is caused. In the prior art shown in FIG. 6 and Patent Documents 1 to 3, since the eccentric moment of each vibrator hammer cannot be automatically controlled, a base member having a high rigidity and a large mass is required to prevent resonance, which is uneconomical. .

  7A is a perspective view showing a main part of the biaxial vibratory hammer 20 shown in FIG. 6, and FIG. 7B is a four-axis vibratory hammer 40 that can be similarly used in the driving device 100 of FIG. It is a perspective view which shows the principal part. The two-axis vibratory hammer 20 and the four-axis vibratory hammer 40 are of a type that does not include an amplitude variabler (described later) for automatically controlling the eccentric moment.

  A biaxial vibro hammer 20 shown in FIG. 7A includes two shafts, a drive shaft 14 and a driven shaft 15 (only a geometrical axis is shown for convenience). A pulley 16 is attached to the drive shaft 14, and rotational force is transmitted by rotational drive means (not shown) to be driven to rotate. Each of the drive shaft 14 and the driven shaft 15 is provided with a fixed eccentric weight 11 fixed so as to rotate together with the shaft and a movable eccentric weight 12 not fixed to the shaft. Further, four gears 13 are provided for transmitting the rotational force transmitted to the drive shaft 14 to all other shafts.

  The fixed eccentric weight 11 and the movable eccentric weight 12 are synchronously rotated while maintaining a constant phase difference. Therefore, the eccentric moment about one axis is the sum of the eccentric moments of the fixed eccentric weight 11 and the movable eccentric weight 12, and the total eccentric moment of the biaxial vibrator hammer 20 is Each eccentric moment is added.

  The four-axis vibro hammer 40 shown in FIG. 7B includes one drive shaft 14 and one driven shaft 15 in the upper stage, and two driven shafts 15 in the lower stage. A fixed eccentric weight 11 and a movable eccentric weight 12 that is not fixed to the shaft are mounted on each of the shafts 14 and 15. Further, eight gears 13 are provided for transmitting the rotational force transmitted to the drive shaft 14 to all other shafts.

  FIG. 8 is a schematic plan view showing a part of a driving apparatus in which a plurality of biaxial vibratory hammers 20 shown in FIG. The driven shafts 15 of the adjacent two-axis vibro hammers 20 are linked via the linkage means 5. The linking means 5 is generally a universal joint or a tire coupling. When only two units are linked, tire coupling is advantageous. Since the biaxial vibro hammer 20 of the type that does not include the amplitude variabler is not equipped with anything at both ends of the driven shaft, any end of the driven shaft can be used for linkage.

  FIG. 9 is a schematic plan view showing a part of a driving device in which a plurality of four-axis vibrator hammers 40 shown in FIG. 7B are linked (for convenience, the upper and lower parts of the four-axis vibrator hammer 40 are separated. As shown). In the upper stage, the driven shafts 15 of the adjacent four-axis vibro hammers 40 are linked via the linkage means 5. In the lower stage, one of the two driven shafts 15 is linked via the linkage means 5. Also in this case, the linkage is made by using shafts that are not attached to both ends.

  The conventional vibratory hammers 20 and 40 shown in FIGS. 6 to 9 can be linked in series with no limit on the number. However, when trying to increase or decrease the eccentric moment in these conventional vibratory hammers, the fixed eccentric weight and the movable eccentric weight (hereinafter collectively referred to as “fixed / movable”) mounted on each shaft while the vibratory hammer is stopped. It is necessary to perform an operation for changing the rotational phase difference of the “eccentric weight”. Therefore, the vibrator hammers 20 and 40 cannot automatically control the eccentric moment in the driving state.

  Therefore, an amplitude variable device to be attached to the vibrator hammer has been proposed in order to automatically control the eccentric moment (for example, hydraulic control) even when the vibrator hammer is in a driving state. This amplitude variable device can change the rotational phase difference of the fixed / movable eccentric weight by control from the outside and can maintain the predetermined rotational phase difference. By changing the rotational phase difference, it became possible to adjust the eccentric moment of a single vibrator hammer from zero to the maximum (Patent Documents 4 to 6, etc.).

  FIGS. 10 (a1) and 10 (a2) show a method for controlling the total eccentric moment of the biaxial vibrator hammer 21 equipped with the amplitude variable device, and FIGS. 10 (b1) and (b2) show the eccentric moment control method of the four-axis vibrator hammer 41 equipped with the amplitude variable device. It is a schematic diagram for demonstrating. Both are side views as seen from the axial direction. Only one amplitude variable device 17 of the biaxial vibrator hammer 21 is provided at one end of the driven shaft 15. The amplitude variable device 17 of the four-axis vibrator hammer 41 is provided at one end of either the upper driven shaft 15 or the lower driven shaft 15. The amplitude variabler 17 is provided at the end on the same side as the pulley 16. The plurality of gears 13 provided in each vibrator hammer also serve to transmit the phase difference change by the amplitude variabler 17 to all the movable eccentric weights 12.

FIG. 10A1 shows a phase difference (180 °) where the fixed eccentric weight 11 and the movable eccentric weight 12 on each axis of the biaxial vibrator hammer 21 face each other. Even if it rotates with this phase difference, the total eccentric moment is zero, that is, the amplitude is zero. The vibratory hammer is activated in a state where the eccentric moment is zero, and the vibration frequency is increased to a predetermined frequency higher than the frequency causing resonance. (A2) shows a state in which the eccentric moment is maximized by changing the phase difference of the movable eccentric weight 12 after reaching a predetermined frequency. Thereby, a predetermined amplitude is generated and placement is performed. After the placement is completed, the amplitude is adjusted to zero again, and then the vibration frequency is reduced by the braking mechanism and stopped.
FIG. 10B1 shows a state in which the eccentric moment is zero in the case of the four-axis vibratory hammer 41, and FIG. 10B2 shows a state in which the eccentric moment is maximum.

  Patent Documents 5 and 6 describe a vibratory hammer equipped with an automatically controllable amplitude variable device that continuously changes the phase difference between the fixed and movable eccentric weights without stopping the operation. In Patent Document 4, a biaxial vibratory hammer is described, and in Patent Document 5, a four-axis vibratory hammer is described.

Japanese Patent Publication No.58-36126 JP 59-41523 Japanese Patent Publication No. 61-22692 Japanese Patent No. 3731169 JP-A-9-3891 JP 2002-66458 A

  The above-described conventional two-axis vibratory hammer or four-axis vibratory hammer capable of automatically controlling the eccentric moment has the following problems when a plurality of, particularly three or more, are linked.

  FIG. 11 is a schematic plan view showing a form in which two conventional biaxial vibro hammers 21 equipped with the amplitude variable device 17 are linked. FIG. 12 is a schematic plan view showing a configuration in which two conventional four-axis vibrator hammers 41 equipped with the amplitude variable device 17 are linked (for convenience, the upper stage and the lower stage are shown separately).

  As shown in FIG. 11, the biaxial vibro hammer 21 is provided with a pulley 16 and an amplitude variable device 17 at the end on the same side with respect to the drive shaft 14 and the driven shaft 15. Therefore, when two units are linked, if one is placed on the right (placement with the pulley on the right side in plan view), the other is placed on the left (placement with the pulley on the left side in plan view). The one drive shaft 14 and the other driven shaft 15 are linked by appropriate linkage means 5. The right arrangement and the left arrangement are in a positional relationship in which the biaxial vibro hammers 21 having the same configuration are rotated by 180 ° with respect to each other in the horizontal plane. Linking the drive shaft 14 and the driven shaft 15 in this way has the effect of minimizing the influence of rotation transmission advance / delay and angle error when the linking means 5 is a universal joint. However, only up to two units can be applied.

  Similarly, as shown in FIG. 12, the four-axis vibrator hammer 41 is provided with a pulley 16 and an amplitude variable device 17 at end portions on the same side with respect to the upper drive shaft 14 and the driven shaft 15. Therefore, when two units are linked, if one is arranged on the right side, the other is arranged on the left side, and one upper drive shaft 14 and the other upper driven shaft 15 are linked by appropriate linkage means 5. Also in this case, the right arrangement and the left arrangement are in a positional relationship that is 180 ° rotationally symmetric with each other in the horizontal plane. For the lower stage, any one of the two driven shafts 15 is linked by the linkage means 5.

  Thus, when the amplitude variable device 17 is attached, both the two-axis vibro hammer 21 and the four-axis vibro hammer 41 can be linked. However, if another two-axis or four-axis vibrator hammer is to be connected to the right or left side of these two vibrator hammers, the pulley 16 or the amplitude variabler 17 is attached to the linkage shaft, so that they are linked. I can't. Therefore, three or more conventional biaxial vibrator hammers 21 or four-axis vibrator hammers 41 capable of automatically controlling the amplitude cannot be linked in series as in the annular form shown in FIG.

  In addition, there is another problem in the linkage method of FIGS. Both ends of the drive shaft 14 and the driven shaft 15 are supported by bearings. Among these bearings, the bearing that supports the end portion to which the amplitude variable device 17 is attached has a characteristic that is significantly different from the bearing that supports the other end portion. The bearing that supports the other end has a self-aligning function with a predetermined tolerance for shaft deflection, whereas the bearing that supports the end with the amplitude changer 17 has such tolerance. Has almost no degree. For this reason, as shown in FIG. 11 and FIG. 12, if the shaft having the amplitude variabler 17 is linked to the shaft of another vibratory hammer, a transmission delay of rotational force occurs or an undesirable load is applied to the shaft. Inconvenience that it takes. As a result, a good driving state cannot be obtained, or the life of the vibrator hammer is shortened.

  The above problems are common in multi-axis vibratory hammers including two-axis vibratory hammers and four-axis vibratory hammers.

  In view of such a current situation, a first object of the present invention is to place a pile or a wall body configured by linking two-axis vibro hammers, four-axis vibro hammers or multi-axis vibro hammers capable of automatically controlling the amplitude without any number of restrictions. It is an object of the present invention to provide an apparatus, a driving method, and a single vibro hammer that enables this. A second object of the present invention is to enable a plurality of two-axis vibratory hammers, four-axis vibratory hammers, or multi-axis vibratory hammers to be linked without linking shafts equipped with amplitude variable devices.

  In order to achieve the above object, the following configuration is provided. Numbers in parentheses are reference numerals in the drawings described later, and are attached for reference.

A first form of a pile or wall body placing device according to the present invention includes a base member (8) and a gripping device (9) attached to the lower surface of the base member (8) in order to grasp the pile or wall body. And a plurality of two-axis vibratory hammers (2) arranged and fixed on the upper surface of the base member (8), and a rotary drive means for rotationally driving the plurality of two-axis vibratory hammers (2) for synchronous operation Alternatively, in the wall placing apparatus, the biaxial vibrator hammer (2) includes a drive shaft (14), a driven shaft (15), and a drive shaft (14) to which the rotational force of the rotational drive means is transmitted to one end. ) And a pair of fixed eccentric weight (11) and movable eccentric weight (12) mounted on each of the driven shaft (15), and the rotational force transmitted to one end of the drive shaft (14) A plurality of gears for transmitting to the fixed eccentric weight (11) and the movable eccentric weight (12) ( 13) and an amplitude variabler (17) attached to one end of the driven shaft (15) to change or maintain the phase difference of the movable eccentric weight (12) with respect to the fixed eccentric weight (11) And linking means (5) provided between the two biaxial vibratory hammers (2) adjacent to each other and linking the drive shafts (14) of the two biaxial vibratory hammers (2) . Connection parts for connecting the linking means (5) are formed at both ends of the drive shaft (14) in each of the two-axis vibro hammers (2) .

  A second embodiment of a pile or wall body placing device according to the present invention comprises a base member (8) and a gripping device (9) attached to the lower surface of the base member (8) in order to grasp the pile or wall body. And a plurality of four-axis vibratory hammers (4) arranged and fixed on the upper surface of the base member (8), and a rotational drive means for rotationally driving each of the plurality of four-axis vibratory hammers (4) for synchronous operation. In the pile or wall placing apparatus, the four-axis vibro hammer (4) is composed of a first stage and a second stage arranged in the vertical direction, and is provided in the first stage. And a drive shaft (14) for transmitting the rotational force of the rotational drive means to one end, one driven shaft (15) provided in the first stage, and two provided in the second stage. Each of the driven shaft (15), the drive shaft (14) and all the driven shafts (15) A pair of fixed eccentric weights (11) and movable eccentric weights (12) that are attached, and the rotational force transmitted to one end of the drive shaft (14) are all the fixed eccentric weights (11) and the movable A plurality of gears (13) for transmitting to the eccentric weight (12), and a phase difference of the movable eccentric weight (12) with respect to the fixed eccentric weight (11) in each of the first and second stages Each of the four-axis vibrator hammers (4) adjacent to each other and having an amplitude variable device (17) mounted on one end of the driven shaft (15) in each stage. The driven shafts (15) that are provided between the drive shafts (14) of the four-axis vibro hammers (4) and are not equipped with the amplitude variabler (17) in the second stage. It is characterized by comprising a linking means (5) for linking each other.

  A third embodiment of a pile or wall placing device according to the present invention comprises a base member (8) and a gripping device (9) attached to the lower surface of the base member (8) in order to grip the pile or wall. And a plurality of multi-axis vibratory hammers (V1, V2) arranged and fixed on the upper surface of the base member (8), and a rotational drive means for rotationally driving each of the plurality of multi-axis vibratory hammers (V1, V2) for synchronous operation And the multi-axis vibratory hammer (V1, V2) is composed of a plurality of stages arranged in the vertical direction, and one of the plurality of stages One drive shaft (14) that is provided at one end and that transmits the rotational force of the rotational drive means to one end, one driven shaft (15) that is provided in a stage including the drive shaft (14), A plurality of driven shafts (15) provided in a stage not provided with a drive shaft (14); A pair of fixed eccentric weight (11) and movable eccentric weight (12) mounted on each of the drive shaft (14) and all the driven shafts (15) and one end of the drive shaft (14) are transmitted. A plurality of gears (13) for transmitting the rotational force to all of the fixed eccentric weight (11) and the movable eccentric weight (12), and the fixed eccentric weight (11 And an amplitude variabler (17) attached to one end of the driven shaft (15) in each stage to change or maintain the phase difference of the movable eccentric weight (12) with respect to In addition, the drive shafts (14) provided between the two adjacent multi-axis vibro hammers (V1, V2) and the both multi-axis vibro hammers (V1, V2), and the drive shaft (14) The driven shafts (15) that are not equipped with the amplitude variable device (17) in the stage that is not provided are connected to each other. It is characterized by providing the linking means (5) for linking each.

  In the pile or wall placing device of any one of the above forms, when a plurality of the vibratory hammers are arranged and fixed in an annular shape and adjacent vibratory hammers are linked together, a vibratory hammer located at the start and a vibratory hammer located at the end It is preferable not to link them together.

  Further, in any of the above-described pile or wall placing devices, connection portions for connecting the linking means (5) are respectively formed at both ends of the drive shaft (14) in each of the vibro hammers. Is preferred.

  The form of the biaxial vibratory hammer according to the present invention includes a drive shaft (14) to which the rotational force of the rotational drive means is transmitted to one end, a driven shaft (15), the drive shaft (14), and the driven shaft (15). A pair of fixed eccentric weights (11) and movable eccentric weights (12) attached to each of the fixed eccentric weights (11) and the rotational force transmitted to one end of the drive shaft (14) A plurality of gears (13) for transmitting to the movable eccentric weight (12) and the driven shaft for changing or maintaining a phase difference of the movable eccentric weight (12) with respect to the fixed eccentric weight (11) An amplitude variable device (17) attached to one end of (15), and a connecting portion for connecting a linking means (5) for linking with another adjacent biaxial vibro hammer (2), It is formed at both ends of the drive shaft (14), respectively.

  The form of the four-axis vibratory hammer according to the present invention is composed of a first stage and a second stage arranged in the vertical direction, and the rotational force provided by the rotary drive means is provided at one end. The drive shaft (14) to be transmitted, one driven shaft (15) provided in the first stage, two driven shafts (15) provided in the second stage, and the drive shaft ( 14) and a pair of fixed eccentric weight (11) and movable eccentric weight (12) mounted on each of the driven shafts (15), and rotational force transmitted to one end of the drive shaft (14). To the fixed eccentric weight (11) and the movable eccentric weight (12), and the fixed eccentric weight (1) in each of the first and second stages. 11) one said driven shaft (15) in each stage to change or maintain the phase difference of said movable eccentric weight (12) relative to 11) And a drive for connecting a connecting means for connecting a linkage means (5) linked to another adjacent four-axis vibro hammer (4). It was formed at both ends of the shaft (14), respectively.

  The form of the multi-axis vibro hammer according to the present invention is composed of a plurality of stages arranged in the vertical direction, and is provided in one of the plurality of stages and transmits the rotational force of the rotational driving means to one end. One drive shaft (14), one driven shaft (15) provided in a stage including the drive shaft (14), and a plurality of driven shafts provided in a stage not including the drive shaft (14) (15), a pair of fixed eccentric weight (11) and movable eccentric weight (12) attached to each of the drive shaft (14) and all the driven shafts (15), and the drive shaft (14 ) And a plurality of gears (13) for transmitting the rotational force transmitted to one end of the fixed eccentric weight (11) and the movable eccentric weight (12) in each of the plurality of stages. To change or maintain the phase difference of the movable eccentric weight (12) with respect to the fixed eccentric weight (11) And a variable means (17) mounted on one end of the driven shaft (15) in each of the two, and a linking means (5) for linking with another adjacent multi-axis vibratory hammer (V1, V2) Connection portions for connecting the two are formed at both ends of the drive shaft (14), respectively.

  A pile or wall body placing method according to the present invention is a pile or wall body placing method using any one of the above placing apparatuses, wherein each pair of fixed eccentrics is formed by the amplitude variable device (17). The phase difference between the weight (11) and the movable eccentric weight (12) is set so that the amplitude of each vibrator hammer becomes zero, and then the rotational drive of the vibrator hammer is started by the rotational drive means; Increasing the frequency of each vibratory hammer while maintaining the amplitude of each vibratory hammer until it passes through the region of the frequency that causes resonance with the base member of the device or the surrounding ground, and the vibration causing the resonance After reaching a predetermined frequency higher than a certain number of regions, the amplitude variable (17) causes the phase difference between each pair of fixed eccentric weight (11) and movable eccentric weight (12) to be the amplitude of each vibrator hammer. Will have the appropriate amplitude for placement And after completing the placement of the pile or wall body, each of the pair of fixed eccentric weights (11) and the movable eccentric weight (12 And a step of reducing and stopping the vibration frequency of each vibratory hammer after the amplitude difference of each vibratory hammer is changed to zero again.

  In the present invention, when a placing device is configured by linking a plurality of vibratory hammers having amplitude variablers in series, these are linked by the drive shaft of each vibratory hammer. In conventional vibratory hammers, there has been no idea of using one end of a drive shaft on which a pulley is mounted for linkage. In the present invention, connecting portions for connecting the linking means are formed at both ends of the drive shaft. As a result, the present invention makes it possible to link the vibratory hammers that can automatically control the amplitude from zero to the maximum without limitation in the number of units. As a result, a placement device suitable for a large pile or the like can be realized.

  An advantage of the present invention is that a single vibro hammer having exactly the same configuration can be linked without limitation on the number. Therefore, it is not necessary to prepare a vibratory hammer having a different configuration in order to link three or more units. In addition, if the linkage is released, both can be used as a single vibrator hammer. As another advantage, since all vibratory hammers can be arranged in the same direction, it can be said that installation work is easy.

  When the placing device of the present invention is configured by a plurality of biaxial vibro hammers, the single biaxial vibro hammer transmits the rotational force from the rotational driving means to one end of the drive shaft. That is, for example, a pulley is attached to one end of the drive shaft. One end of the drive shaft to which this pulley is attached is linked to the other end (nothing is attached) of the drive shaft of the adjacent biaxial vibrator hammer via a linkage means. In the driven shaft arranged in parallel with the drive shaft in the horizontal plane, an amplitude variable device is mounted at one end on the same side as the pulley of the drive shaft. The driven shaft equipped with the amplitude variable device is not used for linkage.

  In a multi-stage vibratory hammer such as a four-axis vibratory hammer, the stage having the drive shaft has the same configuration as the above-described two-axis vibratory hammer. A plurality of driven shafts are provided on the stage not provided with the drive shaft. An amplitude variable device is attached to one end of any one of the plurality of driven shafts. The driven shaft equipped with the amplitude variable device is not used for linkage. Using another driven shaft not equipped with an amplitude variable device, it is linked to the adjacent multistage vibro hammer. A multistage vibratory hammer will have one driven shaft for linkage for each stage.

  Since nothing is connected to both ends of the driven shaft equipped with the amplitude variable device, the driven shaft is not directly affected by other vibratory hammers. Thereby, the above-mentioned inconvenience caused by linking the driven shaft equipped with the amplitude variable device can be avoided.

  In the method of driving a pile or wall according to the present invention using the above-described driving device, rotation driving is started with the amplitude of the vibrator hammer set to zero by the amplitude variable device, exceeding the natural frequency region of the base member and the surrounding ground. After that, the amplitude variable device is adjusted to generate the amplitude necessary for placement. As a result, it was possible to install large piles and the like without causing damage to the installation device due to the resonance phenomenon and vibration pollution to surrounding structures.

It is a top view which shows schematically a part of Example of the placing device of the pile or wall body comprised by linking several biaxial vibro hammers by this invention. It is a top view which shows roughly a part of Example of the placing device of the pile or wall body comprised by linking several 4 axis | shaft vibro hammers by this invention. It is a top view which shows the Example of the placing device of the pile or wall body comprised by linking several biaxial n-stage vibro hammers by this invention. It is a top view which shows the Example of the placing device of the pile or wall body which comprised the several n axis | shaft n stage vibro hammer according to this invention, and was comprised. (A) is the top view which showed typically the placement apparatus of this invention attached to the steel plate cell, (b) is a schematic front view (The inside of a dotted line enclosure is abbreviate | omitted). (A) is the top view which showed typically the conventional placing apparatus attached to the steel plate cell, (b) is a schematic front view (The inside of a dotted line enclosure is abbreviate | omitted). (A) is a perspective view which shows the principal part of the biaxial vibratory hammer shown in FIG. 6, FIG.7 (b) shows the principal part of the four-axis vibratory hammer which can be similarly used in the driving device of FIG. It is a perspective view. FIG. 8 is a schematic plan view showing a part of a driving apparatus in which a plurality of biaxial vibro hammers shown in FIG. FIG. 8 is a schematic plan view showing a part of a driving apparatus in which a plurality of four-axis vibro hammers shown in FIG. (A1) (a2) is a two-axis vibratory hammer equipped with an amplitude variable device, and (b1) and (b2) are four-axis vibratory hammers equipped with an amplitude variabler, for explaining the overall eccentric moment control method. It is a schematic diagram. It is a schematic plan view showing a form in which two conventional biaxial vibro hammers equipped with an amplitude variable device are linked. It is a schematic top view which shows the form which linked two conventional four-axis vibro hammers equipped with an amplitude variable device (for convenience, the upper stage and the lower stage are shown separately).

Embodiments of the present invention will be described below with reference to the drawings illustrating examples.
FIG. 1 is a plan view schematically showing a part of an embodiment of a pile or wall placing apparatus configured by linking a plurality of biaxial vibro hammers 2. Although not shown, the biaxial vibro hammer 2 having the same configuration is also linked to the right and left directions of the illustrated portion.
In the biaxial vibro hammer 2, a drive shaft 14 and a driven shaft 15 which are parallel to each other and are spaced apart in the horizontal direction in the case 19 are installed. Both ends of each shaft are supported by appropriate bearings attached to the case 19.

  A pair of fixed eccentric weight 11 and movable eccentric weight 12 are attached to the drive shaft 14 at the rear (for the sake of convenience, the lower side in the figure is the front and the upper side in the figure is the rear). The fixed eccentric weight 11 is fixed to the drive shaft 14 so as to rotate integrally with the drive shaft 14. The movable eccentric weight 12 is pivotally attached via a bearing so as to be rotatable with respect to the drive shaft 14.

  One end of the drive shaft 14 protrudes to the outside of the case 19, and a pulley 16 is attached to the external protruding portion, and the rotational force of a rotation driving means such as a motor (not shown) is transmitted via the pulley 16 and is driven to rotate. The linking means 5 is connected to one end of the drive shaft 14. The frequency of the drive shaft 14 is controlled by a motor or the like. The other end of the drive shaft 14 projects to the outside of the case 19 and is connected to another linking means 5.

  In the present specification, the side on which the rotational force is transmitted to the drive shaft 14 (that is, the side on which the pulley 16 is attached) is referred to as “one end”, and the opposite side is referred to as “the other end”.

  Another pair of fixed eccentric weight 11 and movable eccentric weight 12 are similarly mounted on the front driven shaft 15. One end of the driven shaft 15 protrudes to the outside of the case 19, and an amplitude variable device 17 is attached to the external protruding portion. The amplitude variabler 17 has a function of changing the rotational phase difference between the fixed eccentric weight 11 and the movable eccentric weight 12 and maintaining the constant phase difference. The amplitude variable unit 17 is controlled by, for example, hydraulic control from the outside of the case, thereby rotating the movable eccentric weight 12 relative to the fixed eccentric weight 11 or holding it in a relatively stopped state. Nothing is attached to the other end of the driven shaft 15.

  For this purpose, the amplitude variabler 17 includes a variable shaft and a variable case through a bearing. The variable shaft is connected to a coaxial drive shaft 14 and can rotate integrally. On the other hand, the variable case is connected to the movable eccentric weight 12 on the drive shaft 14 and can rotate integrally. Therefore, when the variable case is rotated relative to the variable shaft, the movable eccentric weight 12 is rotated relative to the fixed eccentric weight 11. The amplitude variabler 17 also includes a stopper that prevents relative rotation between the variable shaft and the variable case. By causing the stopper to function, the movable eccentric weight 12 can be held at a predetermined rotational phase difference with respect to the fixed eccentric weight 11 and stopped relatively.

  A specific configuration of such an amplitude variable device 17 is disclosed in, for example, Patent Documents 4 to 6, and is well known. The phase difference control means for controlling the amplitude variable device 17 is, for example, a rotation drive mechanism using a hydraulic motor. The amplitude variabler 17 can change the phase difference between the fixed eccentric weight and the movable eccentric weight even during rotation. The phase difference is continuously variable within a range of less than 180 °. The change in the amplitude (vibration energy) of the vibratory hammer due to the phase difference is as described above with reference to FIG. When the phase difference is 180 °, the amplitude of the vibrator hammer is zero, and when the phase difference is minimum, the amplitude is maximum.

  Four gears 13 are provided for synchronously rotating all of the two pairs of fixed eccentric weights and movable eccentric weights. The rotational force transmitted to the drive shaft 14 via the pulley 16 is transmitted from the gear 13 on the drive shaft 14 to the gear 13 on the movable eccentric weight 12 on the driven shaft 15. On the other hand, the rotational force transmitted to the drive shaft 14 is also transmitted to the movable eccentric weight 12 on the drive shaft 14 via the amplitude variable device 17 and driven from the gear 13 of the movable eccentric weight 12 on the drive shaft 14. It is transmitted to the gear 13 on the shaft 15 and transmitted to the fixed eccentric weight 11 on the driven shaft 15.

  The plurality of biaxial hammers 2 are linked via the linkage means 5 with each drive shaft 14 as a linkage axis. Accordingly, connection portions for connecting the linking means 5 are formed at both ends of the drive shaft 14. The connecting portion is appropriately formed according to the type of the linking means 5. The connecting portion is, for example, a well-known means such as a counterbore or a fixing bolt hole that receives the end of the linking means 5. For example, a universal joint or a tire coupling is used as the linking means 5. When three or more units are linked, a universal joint is usually used.

  FIG. 2 is a plan view schematically showing a part of an embodiment of a pile or wall placing apparatus constructed by linking a plurality of four-axis vibro hammers according to the present invention. Although not shown, the four-axis vibro hammer 4 having the same configuration is also linked in the right and left directions of the illustrated portion.

  In the four-axis vibrator hammer 4, a parallel drive shaft 14 and a driven shaft 15 that are spaced apart from each other in the horizontal direction are installed in the upper stage of the case 19, and two parallel driven gears that are spaced apart from each other in the horizontal direction in the lower stage. Each of the shafts 15 is installed. Both ends of each shaft are pivotally supported by bearings attached to the case 19. For convenience of illustration, the upper stage and the lower stage are shown separately. Actually, the upper stage and the lower stage are arranged so as to overlap in the vertical direction, and the gears 13 at the corresponding positions of the upper stage and the lower stage are engaged with each other.

  The eight gears 13 are provided for synchronously rotating all of the four pairs of fixed eccentric weights and movable eccentric weights. The rotational force transmitted to the upper drive shaft 14 via the pulley 16 is transmitted to the fixed eccentric weight 11 and the movable eccentric weight 12 via the gear 13 and the amplitude variable unit 17.

  The upper drive shaft 14 and the driven shaft 15 are configured in substantially the same manner as the biaxial vibro hammer shown in FIG. One end of the drive shaft 14 projects to the outside of the case 19, and a pulley 16 is attached to the external projecting portion, and is driven to rotate through the pulley 16 by a rotational drive means such as a motor (not shown). The linking means 5 is connected to one end of the drive shaft 14. The other end of the drive shaft 14 protrudes outside the case 19 and is connected to another linking means 5. An amplitude variable device 17 is attached to one end of the driven shaft 15. Nothing is attached to the other end of the driven shaft 15.

  In the lower stage, the amplitude variable device 17 is attached to one end of one of the two driven shafts 15. Nothing is attached to the other end of the driven shaft 15 to which the amplitude variable device 17 is attached. The linking means 5 is connected to both ends of the other driven shaft 15.

  The plurality of four-axis vibratory hammers 4 are linked via the linkage means 5 with the respective drive shafts 14 as linkage axes in the upper stage. Accordingly, connection portions for connecting the linking means 5 are formed at both ends of the drive shaft 14. The linking means 5 and the connecting portion are the same as those of the biaxial vibro hammer shown in FIG. The lower stage is linked via the linkage means 5 with the driven shaft 15 to which the amplitude variable device 17 is not attached as the linkage shaft.

  In the four-axis vibratory hammer shown in FIG. 2, an example in which a drive shaft is provided in the upper stage is shown as an example. However, a form in which a drive shaft and a driven shaft are provided in the lower stage and two driven shafts are provided in the upper stage, that is A form in which the upper and lower stages of the four-axis vibratory hammer are interchanged may be used.

  3 and 4 are plan views schematically and schematically showing an example of a general form of a pile or wall placing apparatus according to the present invention. The illustration of the fixed / movable eccentric weight is omitted. In these embodiments, a plurality of multi-axis vibro hammers V1, V2 are linked.

  The multi-axis vibro hammer has a configuration in which one (1) stage or a plurality of (n) stages are stacked in the vertical direction (for convenience of illustration, the plan view of each stage is shown in a vertical arrangement). The case of one stage and two axes corresponds to the above-described two-axis vibratory hammer, and the case of two stages and two axes corresponds to the above-described four-axis vibratory hammer.

  The multi-axis vibratory hammer V1 in FIG. 3 is a vibratory hammer having n stages in the vertical direction and two axes provided in each stage. That is, in the case of three stages, it is a six-axis vibratory hammer, and in the case of four stages, it is an eight-axis vibratory hammer. The multi-axis vibro hammer V2 of FIG. 4 has n stages in the vertical direction, two stages are provided in each stage other than the nth stage, and four axes are provided in the nth stage.

  In addition to FIGS. 3 and 4, various modifications of the multi-axis vibro hammer may exist. The configuration common to the multi-axis vibratory hammer is as follows.

  In the case of having a plurality of stages, one of them is a stage having the drive shaft 14, and one drive shaft 14 and one driven shaft 15 are provided. A plurality of driven shafts 15 are provided at a stage where the drive shaft 14 is not provided. A fixed eccentric weight 11 and a movable eccentric weight 12 are mounted on each of the drive shaft 14 and all the driven shafts 15, and the rotational force applied to the drive shaft 14 is all fixed eccentric weight 11 and the movable eccentric weight by a gear. 12 is transmitted.

  Further, in the stage having the drive shaft 14, a pulley 16 is attached to one end of the drive shaft 14, and an amplitude variable device 17 is attached to one end of the driven shaft 15. On the other hand, in a stage where the drive shaft 14 is not provided, an amplitude variable device 17 is attached to one end of any one of the plurality of driven shafts 15.

  Furthermore, in the stage having the drive shaft 14, connection portions to which the linking means 5 can be connected are formed at both ends of the drive shaft 14. In the stage not provided with the drive shaft 14, connection portions to which the linking means 5 can be connected are formed at both ends of any one of the driven shafts 15 not equipped with the amplitude variable device 7.

  Therefore, a plurality of multi-axis vibro hammers are linked via the linkage means 5 with the drive shaft 14 as a linkage shaft for the stage having the drive shaft 14. The stages not provided with the drive shaft 14 are linked through the linkage means 5 with any one driven shaft 15 not equipped with the amplitude variable device 7 as a linkage shaft.

  FIG. 5 (a) schematically shows a state in which the placing device 10 of the present invention configured by linking a plurality of biaxial, tetraaxial or multiaxial vibro hammers 2, 4, V1, V2 is attached to a steel plate cell 200. (B) is a schematic front view (the inside of a dotted line box is omitted). The placing device 10 includes an annular base member 8 having a shape along the upper edge of the steel plate cell 200, a gripping device 9 that is attached to the lower surface of the base member 8 and grips the upper edge of the steel plate cell 200, Twelve vibratory hammers arranged and fixed in an annular shape on the upper surface of the base member 8 are provided.

  The linking means 5 in FIG. 5 is a universal joint. When a large number of vibratory hammers are linked in series via a large number of universal joints, there is a problem that rotation transmission advance / delay and angular error are accumulated in each connection. In particular, when a large number of vibratory hammers are arranged in a ring shape, as in the prior art shown in FIG. 6, if the vibratory hammer located at the start end and the vibratory hammer located at the end are linked together, the synchronous operation is adversely affected. Therefore, in order to reduce this problem, when a large number of vibratory hammers are arranged in a ring shape, it is preferable that the vibratory hammer located at the start end and the vibratory hammer located at the end are not linked to each other. That is, it is effective not to completely close a ring in which a large number of vibratory hammers are linked, but to separate one part of the ring and release it.

  According to the present invention, a plurality of vibratory hammers linked in series can be synchronously operated by automatic control. Control for making the frequencies coincide with each other is performed by a rotation driving means outside the case, and is performed for each corresponding drive shaft via each pulley. Control of the phase difference in each set of fixed and movable eccentric weights is performed on each amplitude variable device by phase difference control means outside the case.

  The pile or wall placing device of the present invention can be suitably applied to large-diameter annular or arcuate piles, long linear or rectangular wall bodies, and the like. The base is shaped along the upper edge of the applied pile or wall, and the plurality of vibratory hammers are arranged and fixed at a predetermined interval on the upper surface of the base.

2: Biaxial vibratory hammer 4: Four-axis vibratory hammer 5: Linking means 8: Base member 9: Gripping device 11: Fixed eccentric weight 12: Movable eccentric weight 13: Gear 14: Drive shaft 15: Drive shaft 16: Pulley 17: Amplitude variable device 19: Case 10: Placing device 20, 21: Biaxial vibro hammer (conventional)
40, 41: Four-axis vibro hammer (conventional)
100: Placing device (conventional)

Claims (9)

A base member (8), a gripping device (9) attached to the lower surface of the base member (8) to grip a pile or wall, and a plurality of biaxials arranged and fixed on the upper surface of the base member (8) In a pile or wall placing device comprising a vibro hammer (2) and a rotational drive means for rotationally driving the two biaxial vibro hammers (2) for synchronous operation,
The biaxial vibro hammer (2)
A drive shaft (14) to which the rotational force by the rotational drive means is transmitted to one end;
A driven shaft (15),
A pair of fixed eccentric weight (11) and movable eccentric weight (12) attached to each of the drive shaft (14) and the driven shaft (15);
A plurality of gears (13) for transmitting the rotational force transmitted to one end of the drive shaft (14) to all the fixed eccentric weight (11) and the movable eccentric weight (12);
An amplitude variabler (17) attached to one end of the driven shaft (15) to change or maintain the phase difference of the movable eccentric weight (12) with respect to the fixed eccentric weight (11). ,And,
Linking means (5) provided between the two biaxial vibro hammers (2) adjacent to each other, and linking the drive shafts (14) in both the biaxial vibro hammers (2) ,
Pile or wall body placing device characterized in that connection parts for connecting the linkage means (5) are formed at both ends of the drive shaft (14) in each of the biaxial vibro hammers (2). . A base member (8), a gripping device (9) attached to the lower surface of the base member (8) to grip a pile or wall, and a plurality of four axes arranged and fixed on the upper surface of the base member (8) In a pile or wall placing device comprising a vibro hammer (4) and a rotational drive means for rotationally driving each of the plurality of four-axis vibro hammers (4) for synchronous operation,
The four-axis vibratory hammer (4) is composed of a first stage and a second stage arranged in the vertical direction,
A drive shaft (14) provided at the first stage and to which the rotational force of the rotational drive means is transmitted to one end;
One driven shaft (15) provided in the first stage;
Two driven shafts (15) provided in the second stage;
A pair of fixed eccentric weights (11) and movable eccentric weights (12) attached to each of the drive shaft (14) and all the driven shafts (15);
A plurality of gears (13) for transmitting the rotational force transmitted to one end of the drive shaft (14) to all the fixed eccentric weight (11) and the movable eccentric weight (12);
To change or maintain the phase difference of the movable eccentric weight (12) with respect to the fixed eccentric weight (11) in each of the first and second stages, one of the driven shafts (15) of each stage is changed. An amplitude variable device (17) attached to each end, and
Provided between two adjacent four-axis vibratory hammers (4) and the drive shafts (14) of both of the four-axis vibratory hammers (4), and the amplitude variabler (17) in the second stage A pile or wall placing device, characterized in that it is provided with linkage means (5) for linking the driven shafts (15) not fitted with each other. A base member (8), a gripping device (9) attached to the lower surface of the base member (8) for gripping a pile or wall, and a plurality of polyaxes arranged and fixed on the upper surface of the base member (8) In a pile or wall placing apparatus comprising a vibro hammer (V1, V2) and a rotational drive means for rotationally driving each of the plurality of multi-axis vibro hammers (V1, V2) for synchronous operation,
The multi-axis vibro hammer (V1, V2) is composed of a plurality of stages arranged in the vertical direction,
One drive shaft (14) provided in one of the plurality of stages and transmitting the rotational force of the rotational drive means to one end;
One driven shaft (15) provided in the same stage as the stage including the drive shaft (14);
A plurality of driven shafts (15) provided in a stage not provided with the drive shaft (14);
A pair of fixed eccentric weights (11) and movable eccentric weights (12) attached to each of the drive shaft (14) and all the driven shafts (15);
A plurality of gears (13) for transmitting the rotational force transmitted to one end of the drive shaft (14) to all the fixed eccentric weight (11) and the movable eccentric weight (12);
In order to change or maintain the phase difference of the movable eccentric weight (12) with respect to the fixed eccentric weight (11) in each of the plurality of stages, each is attached to one end of the driven shaft (15) in each stage An amplitude variable device (17), and
It is provided between two adjacent multi-axis vibro hammers (V1, V2), and does not include the drive shafts (14) between the multi-axis vibro hammers (V1, V2) and the drive shaft (14). A pile or wall placing device, characterized by comprising linkage means (5) for linking the driven shafts (15) not equipped with the amplitude variable device (17) in the stage.   The pile or wall placing device according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein when the plurality of vibratory hammers are arranged and fixed in an annular shape and adjacent vibratory hammers are linked to each other, the vibratory hammer and the terminal located at the starting end A pile or wall body placing device characterized in that it is not linked to a vibro hammer located on the wall. The pile or wall placing device according to claim 2 or 3 , wherein connection parts for connecting the linking means (5) are formed at both ends of the drive shaft (14) in each of the vibro hammers. A pile or wall placing device characterized by that. In the biaxial vibro hammer (2),
A drive shaft (14) to which the rotational force by the rotational drive means is transmitted to one end;
A driven shaft (15),
A pair of fixed eccentric weight (11) and movable eccentric weight (12) attached to each of the drive shaft (14) and the driven shaft (15);
A plurality of gears (13) for transmitting the rotational force transmitted to one end of the drive shaft (14) to all the fixed eccentric weight (11) and the movable eccentric weight (12);
An amplitude variabler (17) attached to one end of the driven shaft (15) to change or maintain the phase difference of the movable eccentric weight (12) with respect to the fixed eccentric weight (11), And,
A biaxial vibratory hammer characterized in that connecting portions for connecting a linking means (5) linked with another adjacent biaxial vibratory hammer (2) are formed at both ends of the drive shaft (14), respectively. In the four-axis vibro hammer (4) composed of the first stage and the second stage arranged in the vertical direction,
A drive shaft (14) provided at the first stage and to which the rotational force by the rotational drive means is transmitted to one end;
One driven shaft (15) provided in the first stage;
Two driven shafts (15) provided in the second stage;
A pair of fixed eccentric weights (11) and movable eccentric weights (12) attached to each of the drive shaft (14) and all the driven shafts (15);
A plurality of gears (13) for transmitting the rotational force transmitted to one end of the drive shaft (14) to all the fixed eccentric weight (11) and the movable eccentric weight (12);
To change or maintain the phase difference of the movable eccentric weight (12) with respect to the fixed eccentric weight (11) in each of the first and second stages, one of the driven shafts (15) of each stage is changed. An amplitude variable device (17) attached to each end, and
A four-axis vibratory hammer, characterized in that connecting portions for connecting a linking means (5) for linking with another adjacent four-axis vibratory hammer (4) are formed at both ends of the drive shaft (14). In multi-axis vibratory hammers (V1, V2) composed of multiple stages arranged in the vertical direction,
One drive shaft (14) provided in one of the plurality of stages and transmitting the rotational force of the rotational drive means to one end;
One driven shaft (15) provided in a stage having the drive shaft (14);
A plurality of driven shafts (15) provided in a stage not provided with the drive shaft (14);
A pair of fixed eccentric weights (11) and movable eccentric weights (12) attached to each of the drive shaft (14) and all the driven shafts (15);
A plurality of gears (13) for transmitting the rotational force transmitted to one end of the drive shaft (14) to all the fixed eccentric weight (11) and the movable eccentric weight (12);
In order to change or maintain the phase difference of the movable eccentric weight (12) with respect to the fixed eccentric weight (11) in each of the plurality of stages, each is attached to one end of the driven shaft (15) in each stage An amplitude variable device (17), and
A multi-axis vibratory hammer, characterized in that connecting portions for connecting a linking means (5) linked to another adjacent multi-axis vibratory hammer (V1, V2) are formed at both ends of the drive shaft (14). In the pile or wall placing method using the pile or wall placing apparatus according to any one of claims 1 to 3,
After setting the phase difference between each pair of fixed eccentric weight (11) and movable eccentric weight (12) by the amplitude variable device (17) so that the amplitude of each vibrator hammer becomes zero, the rotation drive means Starting rotation driving of each vibrator hammer;
Increasing the frequency of each vibratory hammer while maintaining the amplitude of each vibratory hammer at zero until it passes through a region of frequency that causes resonance with the base member of the driving device or the surrounding ground; and
After reaching a predetermined frequency higher than the resonance frequency range, the amplitude variable device (17) causes the phase difference between the fixed eccentric weight (11) and the movable eccentric weight (12) of each pair. To change the amplitude of each vibro hammer to an appropriate amplitude for placing, and placing a pile or wall body,
After completing the placement, the amplitude variable (17) is used to set the phase difference between the fixed eccentric weight (11) and the movable eccentric weight (12) of each pair so that the amplitude of each vibrator hammer becomes zero again. And a step of reducing and stopping the frequency of each vibratory hammer after the change, and a method for placing a pile or wall body.

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