CN210153850U - Cleaning system for preventing air preheater from being blocked - Google Patents
Cleaning system for preventing air preheater from being blocked Download PDFInfo
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- CN210153850U CN210153850U CN201920505795.XU CN201920505795U CN210153850U CN 210153850 U CN210153850 U CN 210153850U CN 201920505795 U CN201920505795 U CN 201920505795U CN 210153850 U CN210153850 U CN 210153850U
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- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
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Abstract
The utility model relates to a coal fired boiler environmental protection field, concretely relates to coal fired boiler rotary air heater prevents stifled cleaning system, including primary air fan (4), forced draught blower (2), rotary air heater (1) divide storehouse (15), overgrate air branch storehouse (14) and flue gas branch storehouse (13), separate through sealed sector plate between each branch storehouse, the utility model discloses utilize hot primary air as washing wind working medium, need not set up equipment such as booster fan, the system is simple reliable.
Description
Technical Field
The utility model relates to a coal fired boiler environmental protection field, concretely relates to coal fired boiler rotary air heater prevents stifled cleaning system.
Background
For controlling NO of coal-fired boilerxThe emission concentration is generally set on the boiler with denitration equipment to remove NO generated in the combustion processxReduction to N2And H2And O, thereby realizing the standard emission of the boiler pollutants.
At present, two technical schemes are generally adopted for boiler denitration, one is a selective non-catalytic reduction technology (SNCR), a reducing agent is sprayed into a hearth by the SNCR, and NH is carried out at the temperature of 800-1000 DEG C3With NOxReduction reaction occurs to realize NOxRemoving; the second scheme is that a selective catalytic reduction reactor (SCR) is arranged in a temperature area of 300-400 ℃ at the tail of the boiler, and NO in smoke gasxWhile passing through the SCR reactor, reacting with a reducing agent NH3Reaction takes place to reduce NOxAnd (4) discharging, wherein the efficiency can reach 95%.
NO of coal-fired boiler along with coming out of ultra-low emission environmental protection policyxThe emission requirement is lower, SCR denitration facilities are installed in more and more boilers, the volume of the catalyst is increased, and NH spraying is increased3Amount of, increase of NOxThe removal efficiency is improved because of parameters such as an SCR inlet flue structure, a flue gas flow field, a concentration field and the like in the processIs unreasonable, the phenomenon of excessive ammonia spraying exists generally, although the NO at the outlet of the SCR is satisfiedxEmission concentration requirements, but with additional consumption of reductant and adverse effects on subsequent equipment and systems.
Currently, the negative influence caused by excessive ammonia injection is mainly that partial SO is caused by side reaction of the catalyst in the denitration process2Oxidation to SO3In addition to SO generated during combustion in the boiler furnace3These SO3The method has the advantages that the method reacts with excessive ammonia gas in the denitration reaction to generate ammonium bisulfate byproducts, and damages subsequent devices and systems such as a flue, an air preheater, waste heat utilization equipment, a dust remover, a fan and desulfurization and the like, especially the rotary air preheater, the viscous ammonium bisulfate and fly ash in flue gas can be bonded to a heat exchange element of the rotary air preheater, so that the circulation gap of the heat exchange element is reduced, the resistance is increased, the service power consumption of the fan is increased, the ammonium bisulfate can slowly corrode the heat exchange element, the heat exchange capacity is reduced, the exhaust gas temperature of a boiler is gradually increased, and the thermal efficiency of the boiler is reduced.
In order to reduce the resistance of the rotary air preheater, a steam soot blowing mode and a hot high-pressure water washing mode are generally adopted at present, and the soot blowing or the washing with high frequency can seriously damage the service life of a heat exchange element, so that the blowing deformation and the cracking of the heat exchange element are caused.
The other method for preventing the air preheater from being blocked is to raise the temperature of the cold end of the air preheater or raise the temperature of exhaust gas, reduce the heat exchange strength of the air preheater, raise the comprehensive temperature of the cold end of the air preheater and reduce the harm of ammonium bisulfate to the air preheater by means of a fan heater, a low-pressure economizer or a bypass flue of the air preheater, etc., but the method needs to additionally increase a heating surface, has high requirements on the arrangement space of the tail part of the boiler, has higher transformation cost and limited anti-blocking effect, and is difficult to solve the problem of the blockage of the air preheater.
The method for reducing the blockage of the rotary air preheater adopts an operation mode for optimization and adjustment, namely, a rotor element is automatically heated by hot flue gas through controlling a baffle of a secondary air system in a hot state, the physical property of ammonium bisulfate is fully utilized, and the ammonium bisulfate is changed into gaseous state for decomposition when the temperature is higher than 170 ℃, but the method also has the defects that the ammonium bisulfate is discontinuously thermally decomposed, overlarge thermal stress and thermal deformation are generated on equipment and a system, the possibility of equipment jam and damage exists, the requirement on operation is high, in addition, if hardening or blockage is formed for a long time, other chemical reactions can be generated, substances with higher hardness are generated, and the method is not beneficial to clearing and normal operation of the air preheater.
SUMMERY OF THE UTILITY MODEL
An object of the utility model is to provide a cleaning system who prevents air heater jam, through shunting partly hot primary air, send into the air heater cold junction, through the little subregion of stifled washing that prevents of a new setting, upwards heat exchanger element from the cold junction, and sweep and erode the attachment on heat exchange element surface, along with air heater's rotation, realize that 360 no dead angles of air heater rotor wash, reduce and eliminate the ammonium bisulfate that bonds on the rotor, materials such as dirt, keep rotor heat exchange element's cleanness, high-efficient heat transfer, it is minimum to ensure the air heater resistance. The specific implementation scheme is as follows:
a cleaning system for preventing an air preheater from being blocked comprises a primary air fan 4, a blower 2 and a rotary air preheater 1, wherein the rotary air preheater 1 comprises a primary air sub-bin 15, a secondary air sub-bin 14 and a flue gas sub-bin 13, the sub-bins are separated by a sealing fan-shaped plate, cold air of the primary air fan 4 is divided into two paths, one path is bypass cold primary air 6 of the rotary air preheater 1 and enters a powder making system 9, and the other path enters the primary air sub-bin 15 of the rotary air preheater 1; the hot primary air 8 heated by the primary air sub-bin 15 of the air preheater is divided into two paths, one path enters the powder making system 9, and the other path is the anti-blocking cleaning hot primary air 7; an anti-blocking cleaning sub-bin 19 is arranged in a cold secondary air inlet air channel of the secondary air sub-bin 14, the anti-blocking cleaning sub-bin 19 comprises an anti-blocking cleaning air-tight sealing plate, the sealing plate is arranged at the cold end of the rotary air preheater, a cleaning air nozzle is arranged in the sealing plate, and the nozzle is connected with the anti-blocking cleaning hot primary air 7 through the air channel; the cold secondary air passing through the outlet of the blower 2 enters the secondary air sub-bin 14, the heated hot secondary air 3 is mixed with the hot primary air passing through the air preheater anti-blocking cleaning sub-bin 19, and the mixture is sent into the combustor 10 in the hearth 11 to provide oxygen for the combustion of pulverized coal in the boiler.
Further, in the above technical solution, the rotary air preheater 1 is a three-compartment air preheater, and according to different rotation directions, when the direction is changed to a flue gas side, a secondary air side, a primary air side, and a flue gas side, the anti-blocking cleaning sub-compartment 19 is arranged at an inlet air duct of the secondary air sub-compartment and is tightly attached to a sector plate area sealed by primary air and secondary air; when the direction is changed to a smoke side, a primary air side, a secondary air side and a smoke side, the anti-blocking cleaning sub-bin 19 is arranged in an inlet air channel of the secondary air sub-bin and is tightly attached to the area of a secondary air and smoke sealing sector plate.
Further, in the above technical scheme, the rotary air preheater 1 is a four-bin air preheater, and according to different rotation directions, when the direction is changed to a flue gas side-a right secondary air side-a primary air side-a left secondary air side-a flue gas side, the anti-blocking cleaning sub-bin 19 is arranged at an inlet air duct of the left secondary air sub-bin and is tightly attached to a sealing sector plate area of the left secondary air and the flue gas; when the direction is changed to a smoke side, a left secondary air side, a primary air side, a right secondary air side and a smoke side, the anti-blocking cleaning sub-bin 19 is arranged at an inlet air duct of the right secondary air sub-bin and clings to the left secondary air and smoke sealing sector plate area.
Furthermore, among the above-mentioned technical scheme, prevent stifled washing branch storehouse 19 and set up a plurality of independent sealed storehouse check along rotary air heater 1 radial direction to set up the washing wind spout that corresponds quantity, draw forth respectively through the wind channel, with be located the outside female union coupling of preventing stifled washing hot primary air 7 in the cold secondary wind channel of air heater cold junction.
Furthermore, in the technical scheme, the cleaning air nozzles at the upper part of the anti-blocking cleaning sub-bin, which are in contact with the air preheater, are arranged in a strip slit shape or a fan shape, and the cross section of the cleaning air nozzles is rectangular or fan-shaped; when the nozzle is fan-shaped, the angle is 2-5 degrees; when the spout is the rectangle, the rotor angle that its outermost edge width corresponds is 2~ 5.
Further, in the technical scheme, an anti-blocking cleaning cutoff baffle 20, an anti-blocking cleaning adjusting baffle 21, an anti-blocking cleaning air flow meter 22, an anti-blocking cleaning air pressure gauge 23 and an anti-blocking cleaning air temperature meter 24 are sequentially arranged on an air duct communicated with the anti-blocking cleaning hot primary air 7 and the anti-blocking cleaning air nozzle, and all the components are connected through the air duct;
the anti-blocking cleaning shut-off baffle 20 is used for realizing the switching on and off of an anti-blocking online cleaning system of the air preheater, when the baffle is closed, the complete isolation of the system can be realized, and the leakage of hot primary air 8 to the secondary air sub-bin 14 is reduced; when the baffle is completely opened, the whole anti-blocking cleaning air online anti-blocking system can be put into operation, and the baffle can be used as an adjusting means for flow resistance balance of the whole system, can be adjusted within the range of 0-100% of the opening degree, realizes system resistance adjustment, and is matched with the adjusting function of the anti-blocking cleaning adjusting baffle 21;
the anti-blocking cleaning adjusting baffle 21 is used for adjusting the resistance of the system and realizing the adjustment of the flow of cleaning air in operation;
the anti-blocking cleaning air flow meter 22 is used for measuring the flow of the anti-blocking cleaning hot primary air 7, so that the air volume in each anti-blocking cleaning air bin is measured;
the anti-blocking cleaning air pressure gauge 23 is used for detecting the hot primary air pressure of the anti-blocking cleaning air during the anti-blocking cleaning air bin, is used for pressure compensation during measurement of the anti-blocking cleaning air flow meter 22, and is also used for calculating and detecting resistance systems and blocking conditions in different areas of the air preheater, so that the on-off of the online anti-blocking cleaning system is determined;
the anti-blocking cleaning air thermometer 24 is used for detecting the primary hot temperature and mainly used for temperature compensation during measurement of the anti-blocking cleaning air flow.
Further, in the technical scheme, the wind speed of the anti-blocking cleaning hot primary air 7 is controlled to be 40-60m/s, and the temperature is not lower than 250 ℃.
The utility model discloses the technical scheme who adopts has following several aspect advantages: 1) hot primary air is used as a cleaning air working medium, and devices such as a booster fan and the like are not needed, so that the system is simple and reliable; 2) the anti-blocking cleaning sub-bins are arranged in the radial direction of the air preheater rotor, and one or more anti-blocking cleaning sub-bins can be flexibly put into the anti-blocking cleaning sub-bins, so that the technical problem of insufficient hot primary air allowance is solved; 3) the rotation of the air preheater rotor and the flexible switching of the plurality of radial air bins are utilized, the resistance coefficient of the full section of the air preheater rotor can be detected in real time, the blocking condition of the air preheater can be comprehensively known, and detailed quantitative data can be provided for the maintenance, overhaul and soot blowing optimization of the air preheater system; 4) according to the blocking condition of the air preheater and the load condition of the unit, the online cleaning system can be selectively put into or taken out, so that the automatic adjustment and closed-loop control of the system are conveniently realized, and the influence on other thermodynamic systems is reduced; 5) the problems of difficult element cleaning and overlarge resistance after the heat exchange element is blocked in the operation process of the air preheater are solved, and the real-time online cleaning of the heat exchange element is ensured; 6) the cleanliness of the heat exchange elements of the air preheater is improved, the heat exchange efficiency of the flue gas side and the air side is improved, the reduction of the exhaust gas temperature and the flue gas resistance of the boiler is facilitated, the energy conservation of the boiler is realized, and the service power consumption is reduced.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a diagram of a thermodynamic system of a boiler with a rotary air preheater according to the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic view of the anti-blocking cleaning sub-bin of the three-sub-bin air preheater for positive rotation of the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a schematic view of the anti-blocking cleaning sub-bin of the three-sub-bin air preheater for reversal according to the present invention;
FIG. 4 is a schematic view of the anti-blocking cleaning sub-bin of the four-bin air preheater for forward rotation of the present invention;
FIG. 5 is a schematic view of the anti-blocking cleaning sub-bin of the four-bin air preheater for inversion of the present invention;
FIG. 6 is a top view of the anti-blocking cleaning sub-chamber of the three-chamber air preheater for positive rotation of the present invention;
FIG. 7 is a top view of the anti-blocking cleaning sub-chamber of the three-chamber air preheater for reverse rotation of the present invention;
FIG. 8 is a top view of the anti-clogging cleaning sub-bin of the four-bin air preheater for forward rotation of the present invention;
FIG. 9 is a top view of the anti-clogging cleaning sub-chamber of the air preheater with four sub-chambers for reverse rotation of the present invention;
FIG. 10 is a diagram of an on-line purging thermodynamic system for preventing air preheater clogging in accordance with the present invention;
description of reference numerals:
1. a rotary air preheater; 2. a blower; 3. hot secondary air; 4. a primary air fan; 5. cold primary air at the inlet of the air preheater; 6. the air preheater bypasses the cold primary air; 7. anti-blocking cleaning hot primary air; 8. hot primary air; 9. a pulverizing system; 10. a burner; 11. a hearth; 12. an air preheater central cartridge; 13. dividing the smoke into bins; 14. secondary air is divided into bins; 15. primary air separation; 16. flue gas-primary air seal sector plate; 17. flue gas-secondary air seal sector plates; 18. primary air-secondary air sealing the sector plate; 19. anti-blocking cleaning and separating bins; 20. blocking-proof cleaning and shutting off the baffle; 21. anti-blocking cleaning and adjusting baffle plates; 22. anti-blocking cleaning of the air flow meter; 23. anti-blocking cleaning air pressure gauge; 24. anti-blocking cleaning of the air thermometer; 25. a first branch shut-off damper; 26. a second branch shutoff damper; 27. a third branch shutoff damper; 28. a first anti-blocking cleaning air bin; 29. a second anti-blocking cleaning air bin; 30. and the third blockage prevention cleaning air bin.
Detailed Description
The present invention will be described in further detail with reference to the accompanying drawings.
As shown in fig. 1, the rotary air preheater 1 is arranged at the tail of the boiler, the cold air at the outlet of the primary fan 4 is divided into two paths, one path is the cold primary air 6 at the bypass of the air preheater and enters the powder making system 9, the other path is the cold primary air 5 at the inlet of the air preheater, the hot primary air 8 heated by the primary air of the air preheater in the primary air bin 15 is divided into two paths, the other path enters the powder making system 9, and the other path is the anti-blocking cleaning hot primary air 7.
The cold secondary air passing through the outlet of the blower 2 enters the secondary air sub-bin 14, the heated hot secondary air 3 is mixed with the hot primary air passing through the air preheater anti-blocking cleaning sub-bin 19, and the mixture is sent into the combustor 10 in the hearth 11 to provide oxygen for the combustion of pulverized coal in the boiler.
The utility model discloses in through high-speed hot primary air decompose with erode the back, bring into furnace combustor with decomposing back ammonium bisulfate, because the interior temperature of hot secondary air duct and combustor, furnace all is higher than 220 ℃, through high temperature heating in the furnace (average temperature 1000 in the furnace) add sand 1300 ℃), ammonium bisulfate can decompose into SO ammonium bisulfate3、H2O and NH3The materials exist in the hearth per se, and the decomposition yield is far less than the SO generated by the combustion of coal dust per se in the boiler3、H2O and NH3Therefore, the ammonium bisulfate product entering the hearth cannot affect the boiler, and cannot negatively affect the subsequent operation of the SCR and the air preheater.
The system has the advantages that the system can ensure that decomposition products enter a boiler furnace, and the decomposition products are subjected to chemical reaction under the action of high temperature to completely decompose ammonium bisulfate and react with fuel, flue gas, ash and the like in the furnace, so that the normal operation of a boiler body and subsequent equipment and the system of an air preheater is not influenced, and the system is a thorough technical solution.
Prevent stifled washing branch storehouse 19 and set up in rotary air heater 1's cold overgrate air entry wind channel, its angle is 3~9, prevent stifled washing air-tight shrouding through the cold junction setting at air heater 1, set up at the closing plate and wash the wind spout, and this wash the wind spout and set up a plurality of independent spouts on air heater radial direction, correspond and connect a plurality of independent prevent stifled washing wind branch storehouses (as 28, 29, 30 etc.), connect through washing the wind channel and pass the cold overgrate air channel, be connected with air heater outside prevent stifled washing hot primary air 7.
Set up branch shutoff baffle (like 25, 26, 27 etc.) respectively on every stifled washing wind branch pipe, the switch through every branch shutoff baffle realizes stifled washing wind break-make in this branch pipeline to realize air heater in the ascending online stifled washing of radial direction, reduce the wind consumption of heat once, reduce the influence to boiler powder process system, combustion system.
As shown in fig. 2 and 6, for the triple-bin air preheater, when the air preheater rotates forward (turns to a flue gas side-secondary air side-primary air side-flue gas side), the anti-blocking cleaning sub-bin 19 is arranged in the area close to the primary air-secondary air sealing sector plate 18, so that the rotor of the air preheater is heated from the secondary air sub-bin 14 to the local area in the process of rotating the primary air sub-bin 15, and ammonia bisulfate and other viscous substances in the local area are decomposed and washed; as shown in fig. 3 and 7, when the air preheater is reversed (turned to be the flue gas side, the primary air side, the secondary air side and the flue gas side), the anti-blocking cleaning sub-bin 19 is arranged in the area close to the flue gas-secondary air sealing sector plate 17, so that the rotor of the air preheater is heated from the secondary air sub-bin 14 to the local area in the rotating process of the flue gas sub-bin 13, and the ammonia bisulfate and other viscous substances in the local area are decomposed and washed.
When the trisection bin rotates forwards, the trisection bin is arranged in a region close to the primary air-secondary air sealing sector plate, so that the optimal temperature rise can be realized, the dynamic characteristic of the temperature change of the rotor of the air preheater is met, the hot primary air quantity for cleaning can be saved, and the optimal cleaning effect is achieved; the air leakage rate of the air preheater is not increased; the same principle applies to the inversion.
As shown in fig. 4 and 8, for the air preheater with four sub-chambers, when the air preheater rotates forward (when the direction is changed to the flue gas side-right secondary air side-primary air side-left secondary air side-flue gas side), the anti-blocking cleaning sub-chamber 19 is arranged in the area close to the left secondary air-flue gas sealing sector plate 17, so that the air preheater rotor is heated in the local area in the process of clockwise rotating from the secondary air sub-chamber 14 to the flue gas sub-chamber 13, and the ammonium bisulfate and other viscous substances in the local area are decomposed and washed; as shown in fig. 5 and 9, when the air preheater is reversed (turned to be the flue gas side, the secondary air side on the left, the primary air side, the secondary air side on the right, and the flue gas side), the anti-blocking cleaning sub-bin 19 is arranged in the area close to the secondary air-flue gas sealing sector plate 17 on the right, so that the rotor of the air preheater is heated from the secondary air sub-bin 14 to the local area in the anticlockwise rotation process of the flue gas sub-bin 13, and the ammonia bisulfate and other viscous substances in the local area are decomposed and washed.
The mounting positions of the four sub-bins for positive and negative rotation are different, and the cleaning effect is different, the specific mounting position disclosed by the utility model is beneficial to the mounting and implementation of cleaning the sub-bins and other accessories; secondly, the best cleaning effect can be obtained under the minimum cleaning air quantity.
In order to reduce and prevent stifled reposition of redundant personnel of wasing hot primary air to a fan, powder process system and combustion system influence, the utility model discloses an online purging system decides its operating duration and the mode of commissioning jointly according to air heater jam state and unit operation load characteristic, specifically does: the anti-blocking cleaning air bins are arranged along the radial direction of the air preheater, operation or withdrawal is realized through the valves arranged on the pipelines, when the unit load is high and the air preheater is blocked, one anti-blocking cleaning air bin can be put in, the cleaning air quantity can be adjusted through the adjusting valves on the main pipe, and a plurality of or all anti-blocking cleaning air bins can be put in, so that the technical problem of insufficient air quantity at the next time under high load is solved; meanwhile, according to the blocking condition of the air preheater, when the heat exchange efficiency and the resistance of the air preheater are not large, the online anti-blocking cleaning system can be put into the air preheater stage by stage and in regions; in addition, the anti-blocking cleaning system can be put into the anti-blocking cleaning wind cabin in a partitioning and time-sharing mode according to the difference of the blocking degree of the air preheater rotor in the radial direction, and the anti-blocking cleaning wind cabin is put into the area needing cleaning for a heavy point for a long time, so that the on-line continuous cleaning of the air preheater rotor is realized. As shown in fig. 10, the specific implementation method is as follows:
an anti-blocking cleaning shut-off baffle 20, an anti-blocking cleaning adjusting baffle 21, an anti-blocking cleaning air flow meter 22, an anti-blocking cleaning air pressure gauge 23 and an anti-blocking cleaning air thermometer 24 are sequentially arranged on the anti-blocking cleaning hot primary air 7 pipeline.
The anti-blocking cleaning shut-off baffle 20 is used for realizing the switching on and off of an anti-blocking online cleaning system of the air preheater, when the baffle is closed, the complete isolation of the system can be realized, and the leakage of hot primary air 8 to the secondary air sub-bin 14 is reduced; after the baffles are completely opened, the whole anti-blocking cleaning air online anti-blocking system can be put into operation, the baffles can be used as the flow resistance and resistance balance adjusting means of the whole system, can be adjusted within the range of 0-100% of the opening degree, the system resistance adjustment is realized, and the adjusting function of the anti-blocking cleaning adjusting baffles 21 is matched.
The anti-blocking cleaning adjusting baffle 21 is used for adjusting the resistance of the whole system and realizing the adjustment of the flow of cleaning air in operation. According to different anti-blocking air bin combination conditions and air preheater blocking working conditions, the opening degree of the baffle is adjusted to control the cleaning air quantity, and the air speed entering the anti-blocking nozzle is ensured to reach a design value.
The anti-blocking cleaning air flow meter 22 is used for measuring the flow of the anti-blocking cleaning hot primary air 7, so that the air volume in each anti-blocking cleaning air bin can be measured, and any air volume measuring device such as a backrest pipe, a venturi, a bent pipe and a wing can be adopted.
Anti-blocking cleaning air pressure gauge 23 is used for detecting hot primary air pressure of anti-blocking cleaning air entering anti-blocking cleaning air bin, and is used for calculating and detecting a resistance system and a blocking condition in different areas of an air preheater as pressure compensation during measurement of anti-blocking cleaning air flow meter 22, so that on-line on-off of the anti-blocking cleaning system is determined.
The anti-blocking cleaning air pressure and the flow meter are used for detecting the resistance coefficient of each cleaning air sub-bin which is put into operation, so that the blocking condition of the air preheater rotor is judged. The air preheater is rotated, so that the blocking condition of the heat exchange element of the air preheater can be detected along the circumferential direction, and the blocking area can be accurately judged; the cleaning air sub-bins along the radial direction are utilized, so that the blocking condition of the heat exchange element of the air preheater can be detected in the radial direction, and the blocking area can be accurately judged; by utilizing the detection in the two directions, the resistance coefficient of the heat exchange element on the whole section of the air preheater can be conveniently and quantitatively detected.
The measuring method for detecting the resistance coefficient of the heat exchange element of the air preheater comprises the following steps: s = Δ P/Q2Wherein S is a resistance coefficient, and delta P is the resistance of the system, Pa; q is the cleaning air flow, m3/h。
The system resistance delta P is the difference between the pressure of the anti-blocking cleaning air and the pressure of the hot secondary air, and comprises the resistance of a heat exchange element of the air preheater, the on-way resistance and the local resistance of the anti-blocking cleaning air branch pipe, the sub-bin and the nozzle.
The anti-blocking cleaning air thermometer 24 is used for detecting the primary hot temperature and mainly used for temperature compensation during measurement of the anti-blocking cleaning air flow.
The flow rate of the anti-blocking cleaning air entering the rotor of the air preheater is controlled to be 40-60m/s, and the temperature is not lower than 250 ℃.
For a 600MW coal-fired boiler, when the online cleaning system and the method for preventing the air preheater from being blocked by the technology are adopted, 6 independent anti-blocking cleaning sub-bins are arranged along the radial direction of the air preheater, the anti-blocking cleaning hot primary air volume required by each anti-blocking sub-bin is 10-15t/h and accounts for 2.5-5% of the total primary air volume of the boiler, and the operation of a boiler pulverizing system and a combustion system is not influenced.
Claims (7)
1. The utility model provides a prevent cleaning system of air heater jam, the system includes primary air fan (4), forced draught blower (2), rotary air heater (1) divides storehouse (15), overgrate air branch storehouse (14) and flue gas branch storehouse (13) including the primary air, separates its characterized in that through sealed sector plate between each branch storehouse:
the cold air of the primary fan (4) is divided into two paths, one path is bypass cold primary air (6) of the rotary air preheater (1) and enters the powder making system (9), and the other path enters a primary air sub-bin (15) of the rotary air preheater (1); hot primary air (8) heated by primary air of an air preheater in a separate bin (15) is divided into two paths, one path enters a powder making system (9), and the other path is anti-blocking cleaning hot primary air (7);
an anti-blocking cleaning sub-bin (19) is arranged in a cold secondary air inlet air channel of the secondary air sub-bin (14), the anti-blocking cleaning sub-bin (19) comprises an anti-blocking cleaning air sealing plate, the sealing plate is arranged at the cold end of the rotary air preheater (1), a cleaning air nozzle is arranged in the fan-shaped sealing plate, and the nozzle is connected with the anti-blocking cleaning hot primary air (7) through the air channel;
the cold secondary air passing through the outlet of the air feeder (2) enters a secondary air sub-bin (14), the hot secondary air (3) heated and heated is mixed with the hot primary air passing through an air preheater anti-blocking cleaning sub-bin (19), and the mixture is sent into a combustor (10) in a hearth (11) to provide oxygen for the combustion of pulverized coal in a boiler.
2. The cleaning system for preventing clogging of an air preheater as set forth in claim 1, wherein: the rotary air preheater (1) is a three-compartment air preheater, and when the rotary air preheater turns to a flue gas side, a secondary air side, a primary air side and a flue gas side according to different rotation directions, the anti-blocking cleaning sub-compartment (19) is arranged in an inlet air duct of the secondary air sub-compartment (14) and is tightly attached to a primary air-secondary air sealing sector plate (18) area; when the direction is changed to a smoke side, a primary air side, a secondary air side and a smoke side, the anti-blocking cleaning sub-bin (19) is arranged in an inlet air duct of the secondary air sub-bin (14) and is tightly attached to the area of the smoke-secondary air sealing fan-shaped plate (17).
3. The cleaning system for preventing clogging of an air preheater as set forth in claim 1, wherein: the rotary air preheater (1) is a four-bin air preheater, and when the rotary air preheater is turned to be a flue gas side, a right secondary air side, a primary air side, a left secondary air side and a flue gas side according to different rotation directions, the anti-blocking cleaning sub-bin (19) is arranged in an inlet air duct of the left secondary air sub-bin (14) and clings to a left secondary air and flue gas sealing sector plate area; when the direction is changed to a smoke side, a left secondary air side, a primary air side, a right secondary air side and a smoke side, the anti-blocking cleaning sub-bin (19) is arranged at an inlet air duct of the right secondary air sub-bin (14) and is tightly attached to the left secondary air and smoke sealing sector plate area.
4. The cleaning system for preventing clogging of an air preheater as set forth in claim 1, wherein: prevent stifled washing branch storehouse (19) and set up a plurality of independent sealed storehouse check along rotary air heater (1) radial direction to set up the washing wind spout that corresponds quantity, draw forth respectively through the wind channel, with be located the outside female union coupling of preventing stifled washing hot primary air (7) in the cold secondary wind channel of air heater cold junction.
5. The cleaning system for preventing clogging of an air preheater as set forth in claim 1, wherein: the upper part of the anti-blocking cleaning sub-bin (19) is in contact with a cleaning air nozzle of an air preheater and is arranged in a strip slit shape or a fan shape, and the section of the cleaning air nozzle is rectangular or fan-shaped; when the nozzle is fan-shaped, the angle is 2-5 degrees; when the spout is the rectangle, the rotor angle that its outermost edge width corresponds is 2~ 5.
6. The cleaning system for preventing clogging of an air preheater as set forth in claim 1, wherein: an anti-blocking cleaning cutoff baffle (20), an anti-blocking cleaning adjusting baffle (21), an anti-blocking cleaning air flow meter (22), an anti-blocking cleaning air pressure gauge (23) and an anti-blocking cleaning air thermometer (24) are sequentially arranged on an air channel communicated with the anti-blocking cleaning air nozzle by the anti-blocking cleaning hot primary air (7), and all the parts are connected through the air channel;
the anti-blocking cleaning shut-off baffle (20) is used for realizing the switching on and off of the anti-blocking online cleaning system of the air preheater, when the baffle is closed, the complete isolation of the system can be realized, and the leakage of hot primary air (8) to the secondary air sub-bin (14) is reduced; when the baffles are completely opened, the whole anti-blocking cleaning air online anti-blocking system can be put into operation, and the baffles can be used as a means for adjusting the flow resistance balance of the whole system, can be adjusted within the range of 0-100% of the opening degree, realize the adjustment of the system resistance, and further cooperate with the adjusting function of the anti-blocking cleaning adjusting baffles (21);
the anti-blocking cleaning adjusting baffle (21) is used for adjusting the resistance of the system and realizing the adjustment of the flow of cleaning air in operation;
the anti-blocking cleaning air flow meter (22) is used for measuring the flow of the anti-blocking cleaning hot primary air (7), so that the air volume in each anti-blocking cleaning air bin is measured;
the anti-blocking cleaning air pressure gauge (23) is used for detecting the pressure of hot primary air of anti-blocking cleaning air entering the anti-blocking cleaning air bin, is used for pressure compensation during measurement of the anti-blocking cleaning air flow meter (22), and is also used for calculating and detecting resistance systems and blocking conditions in different areas of the air preheater, so that the on-off of the on-line anti-blocking cleaning system is determined;
the anti-blocking cleaning air thermometer (24) is used for detecting the primary hot temperature and is mainly used for temperature compensation during measurement of anti-blocking cleaning air flow.
7. The cleaning system for preventing clogging of an air preheater as set forth in claim 6, wherein: the wind speed of the anti-blocking cleaning hot primary air (7) is controlled to be 40-60m/s, and the temperature is not lower than 250 ℃.
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| CN201920505795.XU CN210153850U (en) | 2019-04-15 | 2019-04-15 | Cleaning system for preventing air preheater from being blocked |
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| CN201920505795.XU CN210153850U (en) | 2019-04-15 | 2019-04-15 | Cleaning system for preventing air preheater from being blocked |
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Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN110068024A (en) * | 2019-04-15 | 2019-07-30 | 国家电投集团电站运营技术（北京）有限公司 | A kind of cleaning system for preventing air preheater from blocking |
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Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN110068024A (en) * | 2019-04-15 | 2019-07-30 | 国家电投集团电站运营技术（北京）有限公司 | A kind of cleaning system for preventing air preheater from blocking |
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