CN210133019U - Hybrid power system of vehicle-mounted aluminum water hydrogen production fuel cell electric vehicle - Google Patents
Hybrid power system of vehicle-mounted aluminum water hydrogen production fuel cell electric vehicle Download PDFInfo
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- CN210133019U CN210133019U CN201920827928.5U CN201920827928U CN210133019U CN 210133019 U CN210133019 U CN 210133019U CN 201920827928 U CN201920827928 U CN 201920827928U CN 210133019 U CN210133019 U CN 210133019U
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- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
- Y02E60/30—Hydrogen technology
- Y02E60/50—Fuel cells
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
- Y02T10/00—Road transport of goods or passengers
- Y02T10/60—Other road transportation technologies with climate change mitigation effect
- Y02T10/70—Energy storage systems for electromobility, e.g. batteries
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
- Y02T90/00—Enabling technologies or technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
- Y02T90/40—Application of hydrogen technology to transportation, e.g. using fuel cells
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Abstract
The utility model discloses a hybrid power system of a vehicle-mounted aluminum water hydrogen production fuel cell electric vehicle, which comprises a vehicle-mounted hydrogen production system, a fuel cell system, a conversion module, a driving system, a power battery pack and a vehicle control system, wherein the vehicle-mounted hydrogen production system produces hydrogen according to the aluminum water reaction, the fuel cell system receives hydrogen and converts hydrogen energy into electric energy, the electric energy is conveyed to the driving system through the conversion module, and the driving system drives a vehicle to run; the power battery pack outputs electric energy to the driving system and stores the electric energy of the fuel cell system, and the whole vehicle control system correspondingly adjusts the charging and discharging of the power battery pack according to the driving power of the driving system and the output power of the fuel cell system, so that the normal running of the vehicle under various working conditions in the running process is ensured. The utility model discloses a hydrogen manufacturing is reacted to aluminium water, replaces high-pressure hydrogen storage tank, and safe and reliable is efficient, can break away from the hydrogen station work, and uses the distribution of the power under the whole car control system but the heavy load condition of quick response, and the storage is more than the energy when light load.
Description
Technical Field
The utility model relates to a hybrid power system of on-vehicle aluminium water hydrogen manufacturing fuel cell electric automobile.
Background
At present, automobiles rely on mainly non-renewable fossil energy sources. Along with the increasing of the number of automobiles, the fossil energy reserves are reduced day by day, and the exhaust gas discharged by the automobiles contains substances such as nitrogen oxides, nitrogen hydrides, carbon monoxide and the like, so that the environmental pollution and the global greenhouse effect are increased day by day. In order to maintain the sustainable development, guarantee the living environment of the earth and the sustainable supply of energy, people are forced to seek various ways to solve the problems.
Currently, there are two major sustainable development approaches, a pure electric vehicle represented by tesla, and a fuel cell vehicle represented by yota MIRAI.
Pure electric vehicles need a specified charging pile, are low in charging speed and poor in cruising ability, and are difficult to popularize. The fuel cell vehicle uses hydrogen as energy, needs to carry a high-pressure hydrogen storage tank, and needs to build a hydrogen station for supplying hydrogen, so that the problems of hydrogen storage under high-pressure and low-pressure extreme conditions, how to safely store and transport, design and planning construction of the hydrogen station, large energy consumption in the process of pressurizing hydrogen and the like can be met.
At present, a hydrogen station is built in a plurality of cities such as Shanghai, Buddha, Yunfo, Wuhan and the like in China, the construction scale and popularization of the hydrogen station are seriously hindered by the influence of multiple factors such as construction safety and cost, and the current commercial fuel cell automobiles are provided with high-pressure hydrogen storage tanks, so that the fuel cell automobiles are difficult to popularize because the high-pressure hydrogen storage tanks cannot be separated from the hydrogen station.
In view of the existing problems, a novel automobile power mode is urgently needed to be designed to overcome the defects of the existing automobile power supply mode, and the development of vehicle-mounted hydrogen production is an effective way for solving the problems. The application of the vehicle-mounted hydrogen production system can be separated from a hydrogen station to work, and has great significance for popularization and promotion of hydrogen energy vehicles. At present, two main ways of vehicle-mounted hydrogen production are available, one is hydrogen production by methanol water, and the other is hydrogen production by aluminum water reaction. Wherein, the methanol hydrogen production has the problems of slow starting time, complex gas separation, carbon dioxide in the product and the like, and does not accord with the current energy development direction; although the aluminum water reaction hydrogen production has the advantages of simple separation, high hydrogen storage ratio, high hydrogen production purity, no production of products harmful to the environment and the like, the existing vehicle-mounted aluminum water hydrogen production device cannot timely adjust the hydrogen rate corresponding to response output when the vehicle driving power is too large, and is easy to cause waste when the driving power is too small, so that an energy-saving power system of a vehicle-mounted aluminum water hydrogen production fuel cell electric vehicle capable of timely responding to the driving power is urgently needed.
SUMMERY OF THE UTILITY MODEL
The utility model aims at providing a hybrid power system of on-vehicle aluminium water hydrogen manufacturing fuel cell electric automobile adopts aluminium water reaction hydrogen manufacturing, replaces high-pressure hydrogen storage tank, and safe and reliable is efficient, can break away from the work of hydrogenation station, solves a series of difficult problems of storing and transporting hydrogen process and meetting, and simultaneously, hybrid power system uses the distribution of power under the whole car control system but the heavy load condition of quick response.
In order to realize the purpose, the utility model discloses a hybrid power system of vehicle-mounted aluminum water hydrogen production fuel cell electric automobile, including vehicle-mounted hydrogen production system, fuel cell system, conversion module, actuating system, power battery group and whole car control system, vehicle-mounted hydrogen production system includes aluminium water reaction box, water storage container, dry purification system and stationary flow system, water storage container leads to pipe and supplies water to aluminium water reaction box, aluminium water reaction box is according to aluminium water reaction hydrogen production and carry the hydrogen of making to stationary flow system after drying and filtering through dry purification system, stationary flow system includes low pressure hydrogen storage tank and hydrogen pump, hydrogen pump meet dry purification system and carry the hydrogen after drying and filtering to low pressure hydrogen tank with higher speed and store, low pressure hydrogen tank still is equipped with the hydrogen export in order to export hydrogen; the fuel cell system receives the hydrogen output by the vehicle-mounted hydrogen production system and converts hydrogen energy into electric energy to be output; a power battery pack storing electric power of the fuel cell system and outputting the electric power; the conversion module converts the electric energy of the fuel cell system into output voltage and transmits the output voltage to the driving system, and converts the electric energy of the power battery pack into output voltage and transmits the output voltage to the driving system or converts the electric energy of the fuel cell system into charging voltage and transmits the charging voltage to the power battery pack; the driving system comprises a driving motor, and drives the vehicle to run according to the output voltage; the whole vehicle control system detects the driving power of the driving system and the output power of the fuel cell system, and controls the action of the conversion module according to the driving power and the output power so as to control the power battery pack to supply power to the power system or charge from the fuel cell system through the conversion module.
Compared with the prior art, the utility model discloses a aluminium water reaction hydrogen manufacturing generates electricity, has replaced current high-pressure hydrogen storage tank, and safe and reliable is efficient, can break away from the hydrogenation station work, solves a series of difficult problems of storing and transporting hydrogen process and meetting. On the other hand, the utility model discloses a thoughtlessly move the system, use whole car control system when drive rate height peak or quick change, control power battery group through control conversion module to actuating system's discharge and from fuel cell system's charging, response speed is fast, make this electric automobile start, accelerate, drive efficiency such as climbing is under the too big operating mode, still the operation is stable, at the idling, low-speed, drive efficiency undersize operating modes such as speed reduction, can save surplus energy when light load, improve whole car energy efficiency, guarantee the car at the in-process of traveling, but normal operating under various operating modes.
Preferably, the conversion module comprises a DC/DC controller, a bidirectional DC/DC converter and an electric energy converter, one end of the electric energy converter is connected with the electric energy of the fuel cell system, the other end of the electric energy converter is connected with the driving system, and the electric energy of the fuel cell system is converted into an output voltage matched with the voltage of a power bus; one end of the bidirectional DC/DC converter is connected with the electric energy converter, the other end of the bidirectional DC/DC converter is connected with the power battery pack, the DC/DC controller is connected with the bidirectional DC/DC converter to control the conversion direction of the bidirectional DC/DC converter, so that charging and discharging of the power battery pack relative to the electric energy converter are realized, the electric energy converter couples the electric energy of the fuel cell system to the receiving end of the bidirectional DC/DC converter, the output end of the bidirectional DC/DC converter is coupled to the driving system, and the whole vehicle control system controls the action of the DC/DC controller according to the magnitude of driving power and output power.
Preferably, the whole vehicle control system controls the water inflow rate of the aluminum water reaction tank according to the driving power so as to adjust the hydrogen production rate of the vehicle-mounted hydrogen production system. The utility model discloses use whole car control system to adjust the hydrogen manufacturing rate of on-vehicle hydrogen manufacturing according to actuating system's power output condition to make the hydrogen of on-vehicle hydrogen manufacturing can satisfy the driving demand.
Preferably, a water inlet adjusting mechanism is arranged between the water storage container and the aluminum water reaction tank, and the whole vehicle control system controls the water inlet adjusting mechanism to control the water inlet rate of the aluminum water reaction tank, so that the hydrogen production rate of the vehicle-mounted hydrogen production system is adjusted.
Preferably, the fuel cell system comprises a fuel cell stack, a fuel supply and circulation system, an oxidant supply system, a hydrothermal management system and a cell controller, the fuel supply and circulation system comprises a hydrogen supply route arranged between a hydrogen outlet of the vehicle-mounted hydrogen production system and an anode of the fuel cell stack and a hydrogen circulation pump arranged on the hydrogen supply route, the oxidant supply system comprises an air pipeline arranged between an air inlet and a cathode of the fuel cell stack and an air compressor arranged on the air pipeline, the hydrothermal management system comprises a water pipeline, a heat dissipation water storage container, a heat dissipation fan, a temperature probe and a circulating water pump, the heat dissipation water storage container is connected with two ends of a cooling pipeline of the fuel cell stack through the water pipeline to supply water to the cooling pipeline, and the circulating water pump is connected with the water pipeline to control water flow in the water pipeline, the cooling fan is arranged on the side of the fuel cell stack, the temperature probe detects the temperature of the fuel cell stack, and the battery controller controls the power of the circulating water pump and the cooling fan according to the temperature of the fuel cell stack.
Preferably, the vehicle-mounted hydrogen production system further comprises a mass flow meter and an electric control gas valve, the mass flow meter is arranged between the low-pressure hydrogen tank and the fuel cell system and is used for detecting the hydrogen flow of a hydrogen pipe between the low-pressure hydrogen tank and the fuel cell system, and the electric control gas valve is arranged on the hydrogen pipe and is used for controlling the opening and closing of the hydrogen pipe. And the whole vehicle control system receives the hydrogen flow detected by the mass flow meter and controls the action of the electric control air valve.
Preferably, the water storage container comprises a water tank and a liquid heating cache tank, the water tank stores water, and the liquid heating cache tank heats water to a first preset temperature and supplies water to the aluminum water reaction tank. The utility model discloses earlier with water heating to predetermineeing the temperature before supplying water to the aluminium water reaction box, make the aluminium water hydrogen manufacturing reaction of aluminium water reaction incasement can go on under the ordinary pressure, make the aluminium water reaction box set up according to actual need, need not to consider the high temperature resistant demand of resistance to compression, make the aluminium water reaction box can design into the aluminium water reaction box that has enough hydrogen manufacturing space, hydrogen manufacturing efficiency uprises, strengthen vehicle duration, and should make hydrogen manufacturing process temperature in the hydrogen manufacturing system, pressure is all smaller, there is huge advantage in the aspect of safety. On the other hand, the utility model discloses a liquid heating buffer memory jar heats and saves water, not only can supply the hot water of sufficient temperature to the aluminium water reaction box at any time, and makes water can react after getting into the aluminium water reaction box, improves hydrogen manufacturing efficiency, reduces the time that aluminium soaks in aqueous, prevents that the reaction from suspending.
Preferably, on-vehicle hydrogen manufacturing system still includes pressure gauge and automatically controlled water valve, automatically controlled water valve install in on the water inlet of aluminium water reaction box and control the intaking of aluminium water reaction box, the pressure gauge install in the aluminium water reaction box and detect the pressure in the aluminium water reaction box, whole car control system acquires the pressure that the pressure gauge detected open when pressure surpasss first preset pressure the hydrogen pump just closes automatically controlled water valve close when pressure less than or equal to ordinary pressure the hydrogen pump just opens automatically controlled water valve, first preset pressure is greater than the ordinary pressure. The utility model discloses an efficiency of the reaction of aluminium water in automatically controlled water valve control aluminium water reaction box to combine the speed of hydrogen pump control hydrogen output, help hydrogen to export aluminium water reaction box fast, accelerate the speed that the pressure reduction resumes the ordinary pressure, in order to shorten the time of closing automatically controlled water valve, increase whole aluminium water reaction efficiency, improve hydrogen manufacturing speed, reinforcing vehicle duration.
Preferably, the drying and purifying system comprises a heat exchanger, wherein an inlet of a cooling water pipe of the heat exchanger is connected with cooling water, and an inlet of the cooling water pipe is connected with a water inlet of the aluminum water reaction tank so as to supply water to the aluminum water reaction tank. When this scheme makes aluminium water reaction tank intake, the cooling water pipe side of heat exchanger circulates, resources are saved.
Preferably, the drying and purifying system comprises a first heat exchanger, a second heat exchanger, a gas-liquid separator, a third heat exchanger, a freeze dryer and an activated carbon adsorption device which are sequentially connected between the hydrogen outlet of the aluminum water reaction tank and the hydrogen pump, so that the hydrogen cooling speed is accelerated.
Preferably, the drying and purifying system further comprises an expansion kettle, a centrifugal pump and a pipe-belt type air cooler connected with the second heat exchanger, the expansion kettle and the pipe-belt type air cooler are connected in parallel and then connected between two ends of a cooling water pipeline of the second heat exchanger, cooling water output by the cooling water pipeline is respectively subjected to expansion cooling and air cooling and then conveyed back to the cooling water pipeline, and the centrifugal pump is installed at an inlet or an outlet of the cooling water pipeline and supplies power to the cooling water.
Specifically, the drying and purifying system further comprises a temperature sensor, wherein the temperature sensor detects the fluid temperature at the air outlet of the second heat exchanger, and the centrifugal pump and the pipe belt type air cooler are opened when the temperature exceeds a second preset temperature value. Further improve hydrogen cooling rate, and do not open centrifugal pump and pipe belt air cooler when hydrogen temperature is lower, the energy can be saved.
Preferably, the aluminum water reaction box is in a square shape, can be loaded with more aluminum alloy, and has high hydrogen storage ratio.
Preferably, the number of the aluminum water reaction tanks is two or more, so that the hydrogen production efficiency is increased, and the hydrogen production system can meet the vehicle-mounted real-time requirement.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of the vehicle-mounted aluminum water hydrogen production fuel cell electric vehicle. Fig. 2 is a block diagram of a hybrid system according to the present invention.
FIG. 3 is a schematic flow diagram of the on-board hydrogen production system of the present invention.
FIG. 4 is a block diagram of a control structure of the vehicle-mounted hydrogen production system of the present invention.
Fig. 5 is a block diagram of a fuel cell system according to the present invention.
Fig. 6 is a block diagram of the conversion module according to the present invention.
Fig. 7 is a block diagram of the electric energy converter according to the present invention.
Detailed Description
In order to explain technical contents, structural features, and objects and effects of the present invention in detail, the following description is given in conjunction with the embodiments and the accompanying drawings.
Referring to fig. 1, the utility model discloses a hybrid power system 200 for on-vehicle aluminium water hydrogen manufacturing fuel cell electric automobile 100, refer to fig. 2 and fig. 3, hybrid power system 200 includes on-vehicle hydrogen manufacturing system 10, fuel cell system 20, conversion module 30, actuating system 40 and power battery group 50, whole car control system 60, on-vehicle hydrogen manufacturing system 20 includes aluminium water reaction box 12, water storage container 11, dry purification system 130 and steady flow system 19, water storage container 11 leads to the water pipe and supplies water to aluminium water reaction box 12, aluminium water reaction box 12 is according to aluminium water reaction hydrogen manufacturing and carry the hydrogen of making to the steady flow system after dry purification system carries out dry filtration, steady flow system 19 includes low pressure hydrogen storage tank 192 and hydrogen pump 191, hydrogen pump 191 connects dry purification system 130 and carries dry filtered hydrogen with higher speed to low pressure hydrogen tank 192 in storage, the low-pressure hydrogen tank 192 is also provided with a hydrogen outlet to output hydrogen; the fuel cell system 20 receives the hydrogen of the vehicle-mounted hydrogen production system 10 and converts hydrogen energy into electric energy to be output; the power battery pack 50 stores electric power of the fuel cell system 20 and outputs electric power; the conversion module 30 converts the electric energy output by the fuel cell system 20 and the power battery pack 50 into an output voltage matched with the power bus voltage; the driving system 40 includes a driving motor for driving the vehicle to run according to the output voltage. The vehicle control system 60 detects the driving power of the driving system 40 and the output power of the fuel cell system 20, and controls the converting module 30 to distribute the power output of the fuel cell system 20 and the power battery 50 according to the driving power and the output power.
Specifically, the conversion module 30 further converts the electric energy of the fuel cell system 20 into the charging voltage of the power battery pack 50, and the entire vehicle control system 60 controls the conversion module 30 to operate according to the driving power of the driving system 40 and the output power of the fuel cell system 20, so that the power battery pack 50 cooperates with the power output driving motor 39 of the fuel cell system 20 during heavy load, and the power battery pack 50 obtains the excess energy (the residual electric energy after meeting the driving power) of the fuel cell system 20 during light load, thereby ensuring that the vehicle can normally operate under various working conditions during driving.
The vehicle control system 60 controls the power supply power supplied by the power battery 50 to the driving system 40 and the charging power charged from the fuel cell system 20 according to the driving power and the output power. Specifically, the vehicle control system 60 compares the driving power with the output power, and when the driving power is smaller than the output power, controls the converting unit 30 to open a charging loop between the fuel cell system 20 and the power battery pack 50 and close a power supply loop between the power battery pack 50 and the driving system 40, so as to control the power battery pack 50 to be charged from the fuel cell system 20; when the driving power is larger than the output power, the control conversion module 30 opens a power supply loop between the power battery pack 50 and the driving system 40 and closes a charging loop between the fuel cell system 20 and the power battery pack 50 to control the power battery pack 50 to supply power to the driving system 40. The vehicle control system 60 includes a comparison unit, which compares the driving power and the output power to correspondingly control the operation of the conversion unit 30.
Specifically, referring to fig. 6, the conversion module 30 includes a DC/DC controller 31, a bidirectional DC/DC converter 32, and a power converter 33, where one end of the power converter 33 is connected to the power of the fuel cell system 20, and the other end is connected to the driving system 40, and converts the power of the fuel cell system 20 into an output voltage matching the power bus voltage. One end of the bidirectional DC/DC converter 32 is connected with an electric energy converter 33, and the other end is connected with the power battery pack 50, and the bidirectional DC/DC converter is used for converting the electric energy output by the electric energy converter 33 into the charging voltage of the power battery pack 50 or converting the discharging voltage of the power battery pack 50 into the output voltage matched with the power bus voltage. The DC/DC controller 31 is connected to the bidirectional DC/DC converter 32 to control the current conversion direction of the bidirectional DC/DC converter 32, so as to realize charging and discharging of the power battery pack 50 relative to the power converter 33 (for supplying power to the driving system 40 or charging the fuel cell system 20), the power converter 30 is used for coupling the power of the fuel cell system 20 to the receiving end of the bidirectional DC/DC converter 32, and coupling the output end of the bidirectional DC/DC converter 32 to the driving system 40, and the vehicle control system 60 is used for controlling the action of the DC/DC controller 31 according to the magnitude of the driving power and the output power.
In a normal state, the vehicle control system 60 outputs a cut-off signal to the DC/DC controller 31, so that the DC/DC controller 31 controls the bidirectional DC/DC converter 32 to be cut off. When the output power of the fuel cell system 20 is greater than the driving power of the driving system 40, the vehicle control system 60 outputs a reverse conduction signal to the DC/DC controller 31, so that the DC/DC controller 31 controls the bidirectional DC/DC converter 32 to conduct in a reverse direction, the power converter 33 transmits the residual power output by the fuel cell system 20 to the bidirectional DC/DC converter 32, and the bidirectional DC/DC converter 32 converts the residual power into the charging voltage of the power battery pack 50 and transmits the charging voltage to the power battery pack 50. When the output power of the fuel cell system 20 is smaller than the driving power of the driving system 40, the vehicle control system 60 outputs a forward conducting signal to the DC/DC controller 31, so that the DC/DC controller 31 controls the bidirectional DC/DC converter 32 to conduct forward, and converts the discharge voltage output by the power battery pack 50 into an output voltage matched with the power bus voltage and transmits the output voltage to the bidirectional DC/DC converter 32, and the bidirectional DC/DC converter 32 converts the electric energy output by the fuel cell system 20 into an output voltage matched with the power bus voltage and transmits the output voltage to the driving system 40 after being coupled with the output voltage output by the bidirectional DC/DC converter 32.
Of course, two unidirectional DC/DC converters and control switches disposed on the two unidirectional DC/DC converters may be used instead of the bidirectional DC/DC converter 32 and the power converter 33, and the comparison unit of the entire vehicle control system 60 controls the two control switches to act in opposite directions according to the comparison result so as to correspondingly control the charging and discharging of the power battery pack 50 with respect to the power converter 33 (for supplying power to the driving system 40 or charging from the fuel cell system 20).
Preferably, the vehicle control system 60 adjusts the hydrogen production rate of the vehicle-mounted hydrogen production system 10 according to the driving power of the driving system 40, so that the hydrogen production rate satisfies the output power of the fuel cell system 20, and the output power corresponds to the driving system 40.
Preferably, a water inlet adjusting mechanism is arranged between the water storage container 11 and the aluminum water reaction tank 12, and the whole vehicle control system 60 controls the water inlet adjusting mechanism to control the water inlet rate of the aluminum water reaction tank 12, so as to adjust the hydrogen production rate of the vehicle-mounted hydrogen production system 10. Wherein, the regulating mechanism of intaking is automatically controlled water valve 102, automatically controlled water valve 102 install in on the water inlet of aluminium water reaction box 12 and control the intaking of aluminium water reaction box 12, whole car control system 60 foundation the drive power size corresponds the regulation the size that opens and shuts of automatically controlled water valve 102 is in order to adjust the rate of intaking of aluminium water reaction box 12 to adjust the hydrogen manufacturing rate of on-vehicle hydrogen manufacturing system 10, in order to obtain the hydrogen manufacturing rate that corresponds with drive power. Of course, the water inlet adjusting mechanism can also be a water pump.
Wherein, the aluminum water reaction box 12 is in a square shape. In this embodiment, there is one aluminum water reaction tank 12, but it is needless to say that there may be a plurality of aluminum water reaction tanks 12.
Referring to fig. 3, the water storage container 11 includes a water tank 111 and a liquid heating buffer tank 112, the water tank 111 stores water, and the liquid heating buffer tank 112 heats water to a first preset temperature and supplies water to the aluminum water reaction tank 12. The liquid heating cache tank 112 comprises a heating mechanism 501 and a temperature detection piece 502, the temperature detection piece 502 detects the water temperature in the liquid heating cache tank 112, the heating mechanism 501 heats the water temperature in the liquid heating cache tank 112, the vehicle-mounted hydrogen production system 10 comprises a vehicle control system 60, and the vehicle control system 60 controls the action of the heating mechanism 501 according to a temperature signal detected by the temperature detection piece 502. Specifically, the vehicle control system 60 controls the heating mechanism 501 to stop heating when the temperature signal reaches the preset temperature range, and controls the heating mechanism to perform heating operation when the temperature signal exceeds the preset temperature range.
Referring to fig. 3 and 4, on-vehicle hydrogen manufacturing system 10 still includes pressure gauge 105, pressure gauge 105 install in the aluminium water reaction box 12 and detect the pressure in the aluminium water reaction box 12, whole car control system 60 acquires the pressure that pressure gauge 105 detected open when pressure surpasss first preset pressure hydrogen pump 191 and close automatically controlled water valve 102 close when pressure less than or equal to ordinary pressure hydrogen pump 191 and open automatically controlled water valve 102, first preset pressure is greater than the ordinary pressure. Wherein the first preset pressure is a pressure slightly higher than the normal pressure, for example, 0.06 Mpa. The embodiment enables the vehicle-mounted hydrogen production system 10 to always maintain the hydrogen production at the normal pressure, and is safe and reliable.
Referring to fig. 3 and 4, the vehicle-mounted hydrogen production system 10 further includes a mass flow meter 103 and an electronic control gas valve 104, which are disposed between the low-pressure hydrogen tank 192 and the fuel cell system 20, wherein the mass flow meter 103 detects the hydrogen flow rate of a hydrogen pipe between the low-pressure hydrogen tank 192 and the fuel cell system 20, and the electronic control gas valve 104 is disposed on the hydrogen pipe and controls the opening and closing of the hydrogen pipe. The whole vehicle control system 60 receives the hydrogen flow detected by the mass flow meter 103 and controls the action of the electronic control gas valve 104. The mass flow meter 103 can calculate the hydrogen outlet rate and the accumulated flow rate according to the detected hydrogen flow rate, and the vehicle control system 60 obtains the hydrogen outlet rate and the accumulated flow rate to perform corresponding control, for example, control the action of the electric control gas valve 104 or control the water inlet of the aluminum water reaction tank 12 to ensure the hydrogen outlet rate to be stable.
Referring to fig. 3, the drying and purifying system 130 includes a first heat exchanger 13, a second heat exchanger 14, a gas-liquid separator 15, a third heat exchanger 16, a freeze-dryer and an activated carbon adsorption device 17 sequentially connected between the hydrogen outlet of the molten aluminum reaction tank 12 and the hydrogen pump 191, so as to accelerate the cooling speed of hydrogen. Of course, the structure of the drying and purifying system 130 is not limited to the above structure. The inlet of the cooling water pipe of the third heat exchanger 16 is connected to the water tank 111, the outlet of the cooling water pipe of the first heat exchanger 13 is connected to the inlet of the cooling water pipe of the first heat exchanger 13, and the outlet of the cooling water pipe of the first heat exchanger 13 is connected to the water inlet of the aluminum water reaction tank 12, so as to feed water into the aluminum water reaction tank 12.
Specifically, the drying and purifying system 130 further includes an expansion pot 141, a centrifugal pump 142 and a pipe-type air cooler 143 connected to the second heat exchanger 14, the expansion pot 141 and the pipe-type air cooler 143 are connected in parallel and then connected between two ends of the cooling water pipe of the second heat exchanger 14, and convey the cooling water output from the cooling water pipe back to the cooling water pipe after performing expansion cooling and air cooling, respectively, and the centrifugal pump 142 is installed at an inlet or an outlet of the cooling water pipe and supplies power to the cooling water.
Referring to fig. 3 and 4, the drying and purifying system 130 further includes a temperature sensor 106, and the temperature sensor 106 detects the temperature of the fluid at the air outlet of the second heat exchanger 14 and opens the centrifugal pump 142 and the tube-belt type air cooler 143 when the temperature exceeds a second preset temperature value. Further improving the cooling speed of the hydrogen, and saving energy by not opening the centrifugal pump 142 and the pipe-belt type air cooler 143 when the temperature of the hydrogen is lower. The vehicle control system 60 determines whether the fluid temperature detected by the temperature sensor 106 exceeds a second preset temperature value, and if so, controls the centrifugal pump 142 and the pipe-belt type air cooler 143 to be opened. The second preset temperature value is 25 degrees celsius, which makes the temperature of the hydrogen output by the drying and purifying system 130 constant at 25 degrees celsius.
Wherein, the water pipe outlet of the water tank 111 is provided with a diaphragm pump 113, and the required position of the water pipe is provided with an electric control water valve 107. A water flow meter 108 and a diaphragm pump 109 are arranged at proper positions of the water pipe, a water level detector 151 for detecting the liquid level of the gas-liquid separation pool is arranged in the gas-liquid separator 15, the water level detector 151 controls the electrically controlled water valve 107 at the liquid outlet of the gas-liquid separator 15 to be opened when the water level exceeds the upper limit water level, and controls the electrically controlled water valve 107 at the liquid outlet of the gas-liquid separator 15 to be closed when the water level reaches the lower limit water level.
Wherein, water level detectors are also arranged in the water tank 111 and the aluminum water reaction tank 12 to detect water levels, and the whole vehicle control system 60 controls the action of the water valve corresponding to the water inlet of the container according to the water levels. The vehicle control system 60 is connected with the display, and displays the detection data, the control data and the current state of the mass flow meter 103, the temperature detection piece 502, the pressure gauge 105, the water flow meter 108, the electric control water valve 102, the electric control water valve 007, the electric control air valve 104, the temperature sensor 106, the diaphragm pump 109, the hydrogen pump 191, the centrifugal pump 142 and the like, and also displays the current output voltage, current and output power of the fuel cell system 20.
Referring to fig. 5, the fuel cell system 20 includes a fuel cell stack 21, a fuel supply and circulation system 22, an oxidant supply system 23, a water heat management system 24 and a cell controller 25, the fuel supply and circulation system 22 includes a hydrogen supply line 221 provided between a hydrogen outlet of the on-board hydrogen production system 10 and an anode 211 of the fuel cell stack 21, and a hydrogen circulation pump 222 provided on the hydrogen supply line, the oxidant supply system 23 includes an air line 232 provided between an air inlet 231 and a cathode 212 of the fuel cell stack 21, and an air compressor 233 provided on the air line 232, the water heat management system 24 includes a water line 241, a heat dissipation water storage container 242, a heat dissipation fan 243, a temperature probe 244 and a circulation water pump 245, the heat dissipation water storage container 242 is connected to both ends of a cooling pipe of the fuel cell stack 21 through the water line 241 to supply water to the cooling pipe, the circulation water pump 245 is connected to the water pipe to control the water flow rate in the water pipe, the radiator fan 243 is provided at a side of the fuel cell stack 21, the temperature probe 244 detects the temperature of the fuel cell stack 21, and the battery controller 25 controls the power of the circulation water pump 245 and the radiator fan 243 according to the temperature of the fuel cell stack 21.
Referring to fig. 7, the power converter 33 includes a single chip 331, a pulse width modulation circuit 332 and a main circuit part 333, one end of the single chip 331 is connected to the power bus and collects a power bus voltage U1, the other end is connected to the pulse width modulation circuit 332 and controls the pulse width modulation circuit 332 to output a corresponding modulation signal according to the power bus voltage, the pulse width modulation circuit 332 transmits the modulation signal to the main circuit part 333, the main circuit part 33 is connected between the power output by the fuel cell system 20 and the driving system 40, converts the power into an output voltage U0 matched with the power bus voltage U1 according to the modulation signal, and transmits the output voltage U0 to the driving system 40. The main circuit part 333 also feeds the output voltage U0 back to the single chip microcomputer 331, so that the single chip microcomputer 331 controls the output of the pulse width modulation circuit 332 through the fed-back output voltage U0, so that the output voltage U0 is matched with the power bus voltage U1.
The coupling portion of the main circuit member 333 is also provided between the bidirectional DC/DC converter 32 and the drive system 40, and the bidirectional DC/DC converter 32 is turned off in a normal state. When the output power of the fuel cell system 20 is greater than the driving power of the driving system 40, the bidirectional DC/DC converter 32 is reversely conducted, the main circuit part 333 transmits the surplus electric power output from the fuel cell system 20 to the bidirectional DC/DC converter 32, and the bidirectional DC/DC converter 32 converts the surplus electric power into the charging voltage of the power battery pack 50 and transmits the same to the power battery pack 50. When the output power of the fuel cell system 20 is smaller than the driving power of the driving system 40, the bidirectional DC/DC converter 32 is turned on in the forward direction, and converts the electric energy output from the power cell stack 50 into an output voltage to be supplied to the coupling portion of the main circuit member 333, and the circuit member 333 converts the electric energy output from the fuel cell system 20 into an output voltage U0 and couples the output voltage output from the bidirectional DC/DC converter 32 with the coupling portion to be supplied to the driving system 40.
Referring to fig. 1, a water storage container 11 is arranged on a vehicle frame 1, a vehicle control system 60 is arranged on the vehicle and located at the head of the vehicle, a low-pressure buffer tank 192, a power battery pack 50 and a drying and purifying system 130 are sequentially arranged at the top of the vehicle, and a fuel cell system 20, a conversion system 30 and an aluminum water reaction tank 12 are sequentially arranged at the head of the vehicle and located above an engine. The hybrid power system 200 can be applied to large and medium-sized hydrogen energy vehicles such as buses, trucks and buses, can work in a hydrogen refueling station, and has great significance for popularization and promotion of the hydrogen energy vehicles.
Referring to fig. 1 and 2, the working process of the present invention is described, when the whole vehicle control system 60 starts working, the diaphragm pump 109 between the water tank 111 and the liquid heating buffer tank 112 is opened, so that water is added to the liquid heating buffer tank 112, the whole vehicle control system 60 controls the heating mechanism 501 of the liquid heating buffer tank 112 to work, the temperature detection member 502 detects the temperature of the water in the liquid heating buffer tank 112, when the temperature of the water reaches 90 ℃ (the first preset temperature), the whole vehicle control system 60 controls the heating mechanism 501 to stop working or work in the heat preservation mode, and controls the electric control water valve 102 to open to add water to the aluminum water reaction tank 12, when the water meets the aluminum alloy and the auxiliary agent in the aluminum water reaction tank 12, the water reacts to generate hydrogen, the pressure gauge 105 detects the pressure in the aluminum water reaction tank 12, when the pressure reaches the first preset pressure, the whole vehicle control system 60 controls the electric control water valve 102 to close to disconnect the water pipe connected to the water inlet of the aluminum water reaction tank, and stopping adding water into the aluminum water reaction tank 12, and controlling the hydrogen pump 192 to be opened to accelerate the pumping of the hydrogen generated in the aluminum water reaction tank 12. The electric control air valve 75 installed at the air outlet of the aluminum water reaction tank 12 can be always in an open state, and can also be opened and closed synchronously with the hydrogen pump 192. When the pressure is recovered to the normal pressure of 0.01Mpa, the entire vehicle control system 60 controls the electric control water valve 102 to be opened so as to continuously add water into the aluminum water reaction tank 12, and controls the hydrogen pump 192 to be closed.
The hydrogen output by the aluminum water reaction box 12 is firstly cooled by the first heat exchanger 13 and then enters the second heat exchanger 14 for secondary cooling, the temperature sensor 106 detects the temperature of the hydrogen at the outlet of the second heat exchanger 14, the whole vehicle control system 60 compares whether the temperature of the hydrogen at the outlet of the second heat exchanger 14 is higher than 30 ℃ (second preset temperature), and if the whole vehicle control system 60 controls and opens the centrifugal pump 142 and the pipe-belt type air cooler 143 to accelerate cooling. Of course, the entire vehicle control system 60 may also turn off the centrifugal pump 142 and the tube-band type air cooler 143 when the hydrogen gas temperature is less than 25 degrees celsius (the third preset temperature).
The hydrogen cooled by the second heat exchanger 14 is conveyed to the gas-liquid separator 15 along a hydrogen pipeline, the gas-liquid separator 15 filters water vapor in the hydrogen, the filtered hydrogen is conveyed to the third heat exchanger 16 for cooling, and then conveyed to the freeze dryer 17 and the activated carbon adsorption device 18, and is dried and filtered by the freeze dryer 17 and the activated carbon adsorption device 18 to generate clean hydrogen, and the clean hydrogen is conveyed to the hydrogen cache tank 192 for storage and is conveyed to the fuel cell system 20 when needed.
The fuel cell system 20 performs corresponding work according to the driving power after being started to output power matched with the driving power, the fuel cell system 20 receives the hydrogen gas transmitted by the hydrogen buffer tank 192 and converts the hydrogen energy into corresponding electric energy to be transmitted to the conversion module 30, the conversion module 30 converts the electric energy output by the fuel cell system 20 into required output voltage to be transmitted to the driving system 40, if the driving power is suddenly increased at the moment, the output power is smaller than the driving power by more than a preset value, the whole vehicle control system 60 controls a power supply loop to be opened to supply power to the driving system 40 so as to supplement the electric energy with poor output power. If the driving power is suddenly reduced and the output power is greater than the driving power by more than a preset value, the entire vehicle control system 60 controls the charging loop to be opened so as to obtain and store the redundant electric energy output by the fuel cell system 20.
The above disclosure is only for the purpose of illustrating the preferred embodiments of the present invention and is not to be construed as limiting the scope of the invention, therefore, the invention is not limited thereto.
Claims (13)
1. The utility model provides a hybrid power system of on-vehicle aluminium water hydrogen manufacturing fuel cell electric automobile which characterized in that: the method comprises the following steps:
the vehicle-mounted hydrogen production system comprises an aluminum water reaction box, a water storage container, a drying and purifying system and a steady flow system, wherein the water storage container supplies water to the aluminum water reaction box through a water pipe, the aluminum water reaction box produces hydrogen according to the aluminum water reaction, the prepared hydrogen is dried and filtered by the drying and purifying system and then is conveyed to the steady flow system, the steady flow system comprises a low-pressure hydrogen storage tank and a hydrogen pump, the hydrogen pump is connected with the drying and purifying system and is used for accelerating the conveying of the dried and filtered hydrogen to the low-pressure hydrogen tank for storage, and the low-pressure hydrogen tank is also provided with a hydrogen outlet for outputting the hydrogen;
the fuel cell system receives the hydrogen output by the vehicle-mounted hydrogen production system and converts hydrogen energy into electric energy to output;
a power battery pack storing electric power of the fuel cell system and outputting the electric power;
the conversion module is used for converting the electric energy of the fuel cell system into output voltage and transmitting the output voltage to the driving system, and converting the electric energy of the power battery pack into output voltage and transmitting the output voltage to the driving system or converting the electric energy of the fuel cell system into charging voltage and transmitting the charging voltage to the power battery pack;
the driving system comprises a driving motor and drives the vehicle to run according to the output voltage;
and the whole vehicle control system detects the driving power of the driving system and the output power of the fuel cell system, and controls the action of the conversion module according to the driving power and the output power so as to control the power battery pack to supply power to the power system or charge the power system from the fuel cell system through the conversion module.
2. The hybrid power system of the vehicle-mounted aluminum water hydrogen production fuel cell electric vehicle as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that: the conversion module comprises a DC/DC controller, a bidirectional DC/DC converter and an electric energy converter, one end of the electric energy converter is connected with the electric energy of the fuel cell system, the other end of the electric energy converter is connected with the driving system, and the electric energy of the fuel cell system is converted into output voltage matched with the voltage of a power bus; one end of the bidirectional DC/DC converter is connected with the electric energy converter, the other end of the bidirectional DC/DC converter is connected with the power battery pack, the DC/DC controller is connected with the bidirectional DC/DC converter to control the conversion direction of the bidirectional DC/DC converter, so that charging and discharging of the power battery pack relative to the electric energy converter are realized, the electric energy converter couples the electric energy of the fuel cell system to the receiving end of the bidirectional DC/DC converter, the output end of the bidirectional DC/DC converter is coupled to the driving system, and the whole vehicle control system controls the action of the DC/DC controller according to the magnitude of the driving power and the output power to adjust the conversion direction of the bidirectional DC/DC converter.
3. The hybrid power system of the vehicle-mounted aluminum water hydrogen production fuel cell electric vehicle as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that: and the whole vehicle control system controls the water inlet rate of the aluminum water reaction tank according to the driving power so as to adjust the hydrogen production rate of the vehicle-mounted hydrogen production system.
4. The hybrid power system of the vehicle-mounted aluminum water hydrogen production fuel cell electric vehicle as claimed in claim 3, characterized in that: and a water inlet adjusting mechanism is arranged between the water storage container and the aluminum water reaction tank, and the whole vehicle control system controls the water inlet adjusting mechanism to control the water inlet rate of the aluminum water reaction tank, so that the hydrogen production rate of the vehicle-mounted hydrogen production system is adjusted.
5. The hybrid power system of the vehicle-mounted aluminum water hydrogen production fuel cell electric vehicle as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that: the fuel cell system comprises a fuel cell stack, a fuel supply and circulation system, an oxidant supply system, a hydrothermal management system and a cell controller, wherein the fuel supply and circulation system comprises a hydrogen supply route arranged between a hydrogen outlet of the vehicle-mounted hydrogen production system and an anode of the fuel cell stack and a hydrogen circulating pump arranged on the hydrogen supply route, the oxidant supply system comprises an air pipeline arranged between an air inlet and a cathode of the fuel cell stack and an air compressor arranged on the air pipeline, the hydrothermal management system comprises a water pipeline, a heat dissipation water storage container, a heat dissipation fan, a temperature probe and a circulating water pump, the heat dissipation water storage container is connected with two ends of a cooling pipeline of the fuel cell stack through the water pipeline to supply water to the cooling pipeline, and the circulating water pump is connected with the water pipeline to control water flow in the water pipeline, the cooling fan is arranged on the side of the fuel cell stack, the temperature probe detects the temperature of the fuel cell stack, and the battery controller controls the power of the circulating water pump and the cooling fan according to the temperature of the fuel cell stack.
6. The hybrid power system of the vehicle-mounted aluminum water hydrogen production fuel cell electric vehicle as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that: the vehicle-mounted hydrogen production system further comprises a mass flow meter and an electric control air valve which are arranged between the low-pressure hydrogen tank and the fuel cell system, the mass flow meter detects the hydrogen flow of a hydrogen pipe between the low-pressure hydrogen tank and the fuel cell system, the electric control air valve is arranged on the hydrogen pipe and controls the opening and closing of the hydrogen pipe, and the whole vehicle control system receives the hydrogen flow detected by the mass flow meter and controls the action of the electric control air valve.
7. The hybrid power system of the vehicle-mounted aluminum water hydrogen production fuel cell electric vehicle as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that: the water storage container comprises a water tank and a liquid heating cache tank, the water tank stores water, and the liquid heating cache tank heats water to a first preset temperature and supplies water to the aluminum water reaction tank.
8. The hybrid power system of the vehicle-mounted aluminum water hydrogen production fuel cell electric vehicle as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that: the vehicle-mounted hydrogen production system further comprises a pressure gauge and an electric control water valve, the electric control water valve is installed on the water inlet of the aluminum water reaction box and controls the water inlet of the aluminum water reaction box, the pressure gauge is installed in the aluminum water reaction box and detects the pressure in the aluminum water reaction box, the whole vehicle control system acquires the pressure detected by the pressure gauge, the pressure exceeds a first preset pressure and is opened when the pressure exceeds the first preset pressure, the hydrogen pump is closed when the pressure is less than or equal to the normal pressure, the hydrogen pump is opened when the pressure is opened, and the first preset pressure is greater than the normal pressure.
9. The hybrid power system of the vehicle-mounted aluminum water hydrogen production fuel cell electric vehicle as claimed in claim 8, characterized in that: the drying and purifying system comprises a heat exchanger, wherein the inlet of a cooling water pipe of the heat exchanger is connected with cooling water, and the inlet of the cooling water pipe is connected with the water inlet of the aluminum water reaction box so as to supply water to the aluminum water reaction box.
10. The hybrid power system of the vehicle-mounted aluminum water hydrogen production fuel cell electric vehicle as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that: the drying and purifying system comprises a first heat exchanger, a second heat exchanger, a gas-liquid separator, a third heat exchanger, a freeze dryer and an active carbon adsorption device which are sequentially connected between a hydrogen outlet of the aluminum water reaction tank and the hydrogen pump.
11. The hybrid power system of the vehicle-mounted aluminum water hydrogen production fuel cell electric vehicle as claimed in claim 10, characterized in that: the drying and purifying system further comprises an expansion kettle, a centrifugal pump and a pipe belt type air cooler which are connected with the second heat exchanger, the expansion kettle and the pipe belt type air cooler are connected in parallel and then connected between two ends of a cooling water pipeline of the second heat exchanger, cooling water output by the cooling water pipeline is conveyed back to the cooling water pipeline after being subjected to expansion cooling and air cooling respectively, and the centrifugal pump is installed at an inlet or an outlet of the cooling water pipeline and provides power for the cooling water.
12. The hybrid power system of the vehicle-mounted aluminum water hydrogen production fuel cell electric vehicle as claimed in claim 11, characterized in that: the drying and purifying system further comprises a temperature sensor, wherein the temperature sensor detects the temperature of the fluid at the air outlet of the second heat exchanger, and the centrifugal pump and the pipe belt type air cooler are opened when the temperature exceeds a second preset temperature value.
13. The hybrid power system of the vehicle-mounted aluminum water hydrogen production fuel cell electric vehicle as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that: the aluminum water reaction box is in a square shape.
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Cited By (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN110116640A (en) * | 2019-05-31 | 2019-08-13 | 广东宏远氢能动力装备制造有限公司 | The hybrid power system of Vehicular aluminium water hydrogen-generating fuel cell electric car |
| CN111614120A (en) * | 2020-05-29 | 2020-09-01 | 江苏铧德氢能源科技有限公司 | CHP (hydrogen peroxide mechanical power) grid-connected control system and control method of PEM (proton exchange membrane) fuel cell |
| CN112875643A (en) * | 2021-02-26 | 2021-06-01 | 苏州欣和智达能源科技有限公司 | Aluminum-based hydrogen production material, preparation method thereof and method for preparing hydrogen by cracking water |
| CN114132469A (en) * | 2021-11-29 | 2022-03-04 | 哈尔滨工程大学 | Novel hybrid power device combining Brayton cycle and SOFC |
| CN114475670A (en) * | 2022-01-05 | 2022-05-13 | 中车工业研究院有限公司 | Gas fuel cell rail vehicle |
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Cited By (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN110116640A (en) * | 2019-05-31 | 2019-08-13 | 广东宏远氢能动力装备制造有限公司 | The hybrid power system of Vehicular aluminium water hydrogen-generating fuel cell electric car |
| CN111614120A (en) * | 2020-05-29 | 2020-09-01 | 江苏铧德氢能源科技有限公司 | CHP (hydrogen peroxide mechanical power) grid-connected control system and control method of PEM (proton exchange membrane) fuel cell |
| CN112875643A (en) * | 2021-02-26 | 2021-06-01 | 苏州欣和智达能源科技有限公司 | Aluminum-based hydrogen production material, preparation method thereof and method for preparing hydrogen by cracking water |
| CN114132469A (en) * | 2021-11-29 | 2022-03-04 | 哈尔滨工程大学 | Novel hybrid power device combining Brayton cycle and SOFC |
| CN114475670A (en) * | 2022-01-05 | 2022-05-13 | 中车工业研究院有限公司 | Gas fuel cell rail vehicle |
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