CN210096687U - Transcranial direct current stimulator with reference electrode - Google Patents
Transcranial direct current stimulator with reference electrode Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- CN210096687U CN210096687U CN201920283432.6U CN201920283432U CN210096687U CN 210096687 U CN210096687 U CN 210096687U CN 201920283432 U CN201920283432 U CN 201920283432U CN 210096687 U CN210096687 U CN 210096687U
- Authority
- CN
- China
- Prior art keywords
- electrode
- current
- stimulation
- stimulator
- module
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Active
Links
Images
Landscapes
- Electrotherapy Devices (AREA)
Abstract
The utility model discloses a transcranial direct current stimulator with a reference electrode, which can measure the contact impedance of each stimulating electrode in real time by adding the reference electrode; the stimulator comprises seven parts, namely a reference electrode, a stimulation electrode, a current and electrode impedance detection module, a main control module, a constant current source module, a power management module and a communication module; the reference electrode is used for measuring the contact impedance of each stimulation electrode, the stimulation electrodes are used for outputting the current of the stimulator, the main control module is used for realizing the system control and data processing and transmission of the instrument, the constant current source module is composed of a constant current source circuit based on an operational amplifier, each output channel of the stimulator is provided with an independent constant current source, the power supply management module is used for providing a working power supply and charging management for the stimulator, and the communication module is used for the data bidirectional communication between the stimulator and external application software.
Description
Technical Field
The utility model belongs to the technical field of medical instrument, especially, relate to a but every electrode contact impedance's of real-time detection area reference electrode through cranium direct current stimulator and application method thereof.
Background
Transcranial Direct Current Stimulation (tDCS) is a non-invasive neuromodulation technique, and achieves the purpose of regulating cerebral cortical neural activity by applying constant and low-intensity Current to specific intracranial brain regions through electrodes placed on the surface of the skull. tDCS has different therapeutic effects on neurological and mental diseases such as cerebral apoplexy, cognitive disorder, aphasia, senile dementia and the like.
The traditional transcranial direct current stimulator adopts 2 stimulation electrodes, namely an excitation electrode and a return electrode to form a stimulation loop, in recent years, a multi-channel transcranial direct current stimulator is provided with a plurality of excitation electrodes and return electrodes, the currently most commonly used multi-channel electrode combination is a '4 x 1' 5-channel form, namely 4 return channels and 1 excitation channel, and the return electrode is arranged around the excitation electrode.
When the transcranial direct current stimulator is used, the electrodes are not fixed stably enough, the conductive medium between the electrodes and the scalp is filled unevenly, or the head of a subject moves, and the like, so that the electrodes are in poor contact with the human body, the conduction area of current is reduced, and the current density of local areas is too high, so that the skin and brain tissues are damaged. Generally, the contact condition between the electrode and human tissue is measured by the impedance between the electrode and the human tissue, which is called as electrode contact impedance, and the poor contact of the electrode needs to be readjusted due to the excessive impedance. Therefore, the stimulator needs to have the function of detecting the contact impedance of the electrode in real time.
However, some conventional transcranial direct current stimulators do not have the function of detecting the contact impedance of the electrodes in real time, and some instruments can detect the contact impedance in real time, but actually measure the transmission impedance between the two electrodes, and the impedance is the sum of the contact impedance of the two electrodes and the impedance of human tissues, and cannot accurately reflect the contact impedance of each electrode to the human tissues. Still other multi-channel transcranial direct current stimulators may measure the contact impedance of individual electrodes with the body tissue by scanning, but this method is time consuming and does not measure the contact impedance of each electrode to the body tissue in real time during the application of the electrical stimulation. These practical problems lead to the fact that operators cannot accurately judge which electrode does not well contact human tissues in the practical use process of the transcranial direct current stimulator, and cannot adjust in time.
Therefore, in the practical use of the transcranial direct current stimulator, the transcranial direct current stimulator capable of detecting the contact impedance of each electrode in real time is needed, which has great significance on the safety, convenience and practicability of the use of the instrument.
Disclosure of Invention
The utility model aims at providing a take transcranial direct current stimulator of reference electrode, the contact impedance's of every electrode of ability real-time detection transcranial direct current stimulator solves the unable real-time detection contact impedance problem of every electrode to human tissue among the electrical stimulation process that present transcranial direct current stimulator exists.
The utility model provides a technical means that its problem was taken is: the transcranial direct current stimulator with the reference electrode is composed of a reference electrode 1, a stimulation electrode 2, a current and electrode impedance detection module 3, a main control module 4, a constant current source module 5, a power management module 6 and a communication module 7.
The communication module is connected with the main control module, the constant current source module is connected with the main control module, the current and electrode impedance detection module is connected with the constant current source module, the stimulation electrode is connected with the constant current source module, and the reference electrode is connected with the current and impedance detection module.
The reference electrode is connected with the current and electrode impedance detection module and used for measuring the contact impedance of each stimulation electrode, and the reference electrode generally adopts an ear clip electrode or a suspension electrode.
The stimulation electrodes are used for outputting the current of the transcranial direct current stimulator, the number of the stimulation electrodes connected with the constant current source module can be 2 or more, each stimulation electrode can be used as a stimulation channel or a return channel, and the sum of the current of all the stimulation channels is equal to the sum of the current of all the return channels.
The current and electrode impedance detection module is used for detecting the output current and the contact impedance of each stimulation electrode in real time. The output current intensity of each stimulation electrode is measured by adopting a high-side current detection mode, a sampling resistor with small resistance value is selected and connected between the output end of the constant current source and a load, and the current flowing through the resistor is calculated by collecting the voltage difference between the two ends of the resistor.
The main control module is used for realizing system control and data processing transmission of the instrument and can be realized by an FPGA, a singlechip or other high-performance processors.
The constant current source module is composed of a constant current source circuit based on an operational amplifier, the current intensity of +/-4 mA can be output, and each output channel of the stimulator is provided with an independent constant current source.
The power supply management module is used for providing working power supply for the stimulator and charging management.
The communication module is used for data bidirectional communication between the stimulator and external application software, and wired USB communication or wireless Bluetooth or WIFI communication can be adopted.
The utility model discloses utilize the application method of every stimulating electrode contact impedance of reference electrode real-time detection among the transcranial direct current stimulator of area reference electrode realizes through following step:
the method comprises the following steps: and fixing the stimulation electrode in the corresponding stimulation area, clamping the earlobe by using the ear clip electrode if the reference electrode is the ear clip electrode, and attaching the suspension electrode to the retroauricular region if the reference electrode is the suspension electrode.
Step two: each channel of the stimulator generates current, and the actual size of the output current on each stimulation electrode is calculated by a high-side current detection method.
Step three: the terminal voltage of each stimulation electrode is measured as well as the reference voltage at the reference electrode.
Step four: and subtracting the reference voltage of the reference electrode from the terminal voltage of each stimulation electrode, dividing the reference voltage by the actual current of each channel to obtain the contact impedance of each stimulation electrode, and repeating the third step and the fourth step to realize the real-time detection of the contact impedance of each stimulation electrode.
Compared with the prior art, the utility model has the advantages of it is following: (1) besides the traditional stimulation electrode, the reference electrode is also arranged, so that the contact impedance of each electrode and human tissues can be measured in real time; (2) the safety, convenience and practicability of the transcranial direct current stimulator are improved; (3) the current magnitude and the contact impedance condition of each channel can be accurately measured.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a schematic structural view of the transcranial direct current stimulator with the reference electrode of the present invention.
Fig. 2 is a schematic usage diagram of an embodiment of the present invention.
Fig. 3 is a schematic circuit diagram of a current and electrode impedance detection module according to an embodiment of the present invention.
Fig. 4 is a schematic circuit diagram of a main control module according to an embodiment of the present invention.
Fig. 5 is a schematic circuit diagram of a power management module according to an embodiment of the present invention.
Fig. 6 is a schematic circuit diagram of a communication module according to an embodiment of the present invention.
Detailed Description
The present invention will be further described with reference to the accompanying drawings and examples.
Example 1
Referring to fig. 1, for the utility model relates to a take reference electrode's example of transcranial direct current stimulator, by reference electrode 1, stimulating electrode 2, electric current and electrode impedance detection module 3, host system 4, constant current source module 5, power management module 6 and communication module 7 are constituteed, wherein communication module 7 is connected with host system 4, constant current source module 5 is connected with host system 4, electric current and electrode impedance detection module 3 is connected with constant current source module 5, stimulating electrode 2 is connected with constant current source module 5, reference electrode 1 is connected with electric current and impedance detection module 3.
The reference electrode 1 is connected to the current and electrode impedance detection module 3, and is used for measuring the contact impedance of each stimulation electrode, and generally an ear clip electrode or a suspension electrode is adopted.
The stimulation electrodes 2 are used for outputting the current of the transcranial direct current stimulator, the number of the stimulation electrodes 2 connected with the constant current source module 5 can be 2 or more, each stimulation electrode 2 can be used as a stimulation channel or a return channel, and the sum of the current of all the stimulation channels is equal to the sum of the current of all the return channels.
The current and electrode impedance detection module 3 is used for detecting the output current and the contact impedance of each stimulation electrode 2 in real time. The output current intensity of each stimulating electrode 2 is measured by adopting a high-side current detection mode, a sampling resistor with small resistance value is selected and connected between the output end of the constant current source and the load, and the current flowing through the resistor is calculated by collecting the voltage difference between the two ends of the resistor.
Example 2
Referring to fig. 2, for an example of the present invention, similar to a conventional transcranial dc stimulator, there are two stimulation electrodes 2, the "+" sign indicates a stimulation anode representing a stimulation channel, and the "-" sign indicates a stimulation cathode representing a return channel, and the two stimulation electrodes 2 are fixed to the frontal lobe on the back side of the brain, which is different from the conventional transcranial dc stimulator in that a reference electrode 1 of the present invention is used to detect the contact impedance of each stimulation electrode 2 in real time, and the reference electrode 1 in this example adopts an ear clip electrode manner to clip one side of the earlobe of a human.
Referring to fig. 3, for the utility model discloses a current and electrode impedance detection module's of an example circuit schematic diagram, the current strength detects the mode that adopts high limit current detection, chooses for use 10 omega's sampling precision resistance to connect between the output of constant current source 5 and stimulating electrode 2, calculates the electric current size that flows through this resistance through the voltage difference at collection resistance both ends. The core chip of the circuit still selects the precision instrument operational amplifier AD8426, the gain control resistor R35 is set to be 1k omega, and according to the gain calculation formula provided by the chip manual:
and amplifying the output voltage of the AD8426 by 50 times, transmitting the amplified voltage to an ADC (analog to digital converter) to be converted into a digital signal, and converting to obtain the channel current intensity value.
The electrode contact impedance detection is to measure the voltage difference between the output end of the channel and a reference channel on the basis of obtaining the current intensity of the current channel so as to calculate the contact impedance of the channel. Therefore, the output terminal voltage of each channel needs to be measured firstly, and the method is to attenuate the terminal voltage of the current channel through the resistance attenuation network and then send the terminal voltage to the ADC for measurement.
The stimulator using the reference electrode to detect the contact impedance of each stimulation electrode in real time comprises the following steps:
the method comprises the following steps: and fixing the stimulation electrode 2 in a corresponding stimulation area, clamping an earlobe by using the ear clip electrode if the reference electrode 1 is an ear clip electrode, and attaching the suspension electrode to the retroauricular region if the reference electrode 1 is a suspension electrode.
Step two: each channel of the stimulator generates current, and the actual magnitude of the output current on each stimulation electrode 2 is calculated by a high-side current detection method.
Step three: the terminal voltage of each stimulation electrode 2 is measured as well as the reference voltage at the reference electrode 1.
Step four: and subtracting the reference voltage of the reference electrode 1 from the terminal voltage of each stimulation electrode 2, dividing the terminal voltage by the actual output current of each stimulation electrode 2 to obtain the contact impedance of each stimulation electrode 2, and repeating the third step and the fourth step to realize the real-time detection of the contact impedance of each stimulation electrode 2.
Referring to fig. 4, for the circuit schematic diagram of the main control module of an embodiment of the present invention, an STM32F103RCT6 type 32-bit single chip microcomputer based on Cortex-M3 kernel is selected, the internal resources of the chip mainly include 48KB SRAM, 256 kbbflash, 2 basic timers, 4 general timers, 2 advanced timers, 2 DMA controllers, 3 SPI, 2 IIC, 5 serial ports, 1 USB, 1 CAN, 3 12-bit ADCs, 1 12-bit DAC, 1 SDIO interface and 51 general IO ports; the highest working frequency can reach 72MHz, and interrupt nesting is supported. The singlechip controls the operation of other functional modules in a serial port, SPI and other modes;
referring to fig. 5, in order to provide a schematic circuit diagram of an exemplary power management module of the present invention, a 3.7V lithium battery is selected as a power supply, a bipolar power supply scheme is adopted, a DC-DC chip TPS61040 of texas instruments and a voltage inverter ICL7662 of meixin corporation are selected to provide ± 15V output, a voltage range can reach 30V, an output voltage of the TPS61040 is adjustable between Vin and 28V, and Vout ═ 1.233V × (1+ R13/R14); to obtain an output of 15V, R13/R14 was about 11.2.
Referring to fig. 6, in order to illustrate the circuit schematic diagram of the communication module according to an embodiment of the present invention, the HC-05 type embedded bluetooth serial communication module is selected as the scheme of wireless communication. The module adopts CSR mainstream Bluetooth chip and Bluetooth V2.0 protocol standard, and the maximum communication distance is 10 meters.
The working process of the device of the utility model is explained as follows: before the system works and runs, a lithium battery or an external power supply is used for supplying power to a power supply management module 6, a power supply switch of a stimulator is turned on, then other modules of the stimulator are supplied with power, external application software can be connected with a communication module 7 of the stimulator in a Bluetooth/WIFI/USB mode to establish bidirectional communication with the stimulator, the external application software can set relevant parameters of the stimulator, wherein the parameters mainly comprise stimulation time, stimulation current intensity, stimulation modes and the like, the set parameters are transmitted to a main control module 4 through the communication module 7, the main control module 4 analyzes the set parameters and then controls a constant current source module 5 and a current and electrode impedance detection module 3 to start working, a stimulation electrode 2 is fixed in a corresponding stimulation area, if a reference electrode 1 is an ear clip electrode, the ear clip electrode clips an ear lobe, if the reference electrode 1 is a suspension electrode, the suspended electrode is attached to the retroauricular region. The constant current source module 5 generates corresponding output current according to the instruction, the corresponding channel current is output through the stimulation electrode 2, the actual current passing through the stimulation electrode 2 is calculated through a high-side current detection method, the terminal voltage of each stimulation electrode 2 and the reference voltage at the reference electrode 1 are measured, the reference voltage of the reference electrode 1 is subtracted from the terminal voltage of each stimulation electrode 2, the contact impedance of each stimulation electrode 2 can be obtained by dividing the actual current of each stimulation electrode 2, the real-time output current value and the contact impedance value of each stimulation electrode 2 are processed through the main control module 4 and then are sent to external application software through the communication module 7, the output current and the terminal voltage of each stimulation electrode 2 and the reference voltage of the reference electrode 1 are repeatedly measured, and the real-time detection of the contact impedance of each stimulation electrode 2 can be realized.
Claims (4)
1. The utility model provides a take direct current stimulator of transcranial of reference electrode, characterized in that, by reference electrode (1), stimulation electrode (2), current and electrode impedance detection module (3), host system (4), constant current source module (5), power management module (6) and communication module (7) are constituteed, communication module (7) are connected with host system (4), constant current source module (5) are connected with host system (4), current and electrode impedance detection module (3) are connected with constant current source module (5), stimulation electrode (2) are connected with constant current source module (5), reference electrode (1) are connected with current and electrode impedance detection module (3).
2. The transcranial direct current stimulator with the reference electrode according to claim 1, wherein the reference electrode (1) is connected with a current and electrode impedance detection module (3) for measuring contact impedance of each stimulation electrode, and the reference electrode (1) adopts an ear clip electrode or a suspension electrode.
3. The transcranial direct current stimulator with the reference electrode according to claim 1, wherein the stimulation electrodes (2) are used for outputting transcranial direct current stimulator current, the number of the stimulation electrodes (2) connected with the constant current source module (5) is 2 or more, each stimulation electrode (2) is used as an excitation channel or a return channel, and the sum of the current of all the excitation channels is equal to the sum of the current of all the return channels.
4. The transcranial direct current stimulator with the reference electrode according to claim 1, wherein the current and electrode impedance detection module (3) is used for detecting output current and contact impedance of each stimulation electrode in real time, the output current intensity of each stimulation electrode (2) is measured by adopting a high-side current detection mode, a sampling resistor with a small resistance value is connected between an output end of a constant current source and a load, the current flowing through the resistor is calculated by collecting a voltage difference between two ends of the resistor, and the current and electrode impedance detection module (3) is respectively connected with the constant current source module (5) and the reference electrode (1), so that the terminal voltage of the stimulation electrode and the reference voltage of the reference electrode are obtained.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201920283432.6U CN210096687U (en) | 2019-03-06 | 2019-03-06 | Transcranial direct current stimulator with reference electrode |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201920283432.6U CN210096687U (en) | 2019-03-06 | 2019-03-06 | Transcranial direct current stimulator with reference electrode |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN210096687U true CN210096687U (en) | 2020-02-21 |
Family
ID=69532646
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201920283432.6U Active CN210096687U (en) | 2019-03-06 | 2019-03-06 | Transcranial direct current stimulator with reference electrode |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| CN (1) | CN210096687U (en) |
Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN109745617A (en) * | 2019-03-06 | 2019-05-14 | 浙江大学 | It is a kind of with reference electrode through cranium direct current stimulator and application method |
-
2019
- 2019-03-06 CN CN201920283432.6U patent/CN210096687U/en active Active
Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN109745617A (en) * | 2019-03-06 | 2019-05-14 | 浙江大学 | It is a kind of with reference electrode through cranium direct current stimulator and application method |
Similar Documents
| Publication | Publication Date | Title |
|---|---|---|
| CN204411500U (en) | Wear-type controlled in wireless electrical transcranial stimulation instrument | |
| CN109745617A (en) | It is a kind of with reference electrode through cranium direct current stimulator and application method | |
| JP7224710B2 (en) | Multi-target electrical stimulation circuit, electrical stimulation device and signal output method thereof | |
| CN107684664A (en) | A kind of Intelligent Composite waveform electrical transcranial stimulation system | |
| US20030199782A1 (en) | Apparatus and method for stimulating human tissue | |
| CN108096703B (en) | Multi-channel transcranial electrical stimulation device and method thereof | |
| KR101266964B1 (en) | Transcranial direct current stimulation apparatus and system including the same | |
| CN108671389A (en) | Multi-mode is wearable through cranium electric current stimulating apparatus | |
| CN109173047A (en) | A kind of non-intrusion type closed loop transcranial electrical stimulation device | |
| CN110585593A (en) | Multi-mode memory consolidation stimulation equipment based on electroencephalogram signal feedback | |
| WO2021104098A1 (en) | Nerve regulation system and wearable nerve regulation device | |
| CN111921089A (en) | Self-adaptive adjustment vagus nerve stimulation system based on HRV parameter feedback | |
| CN111632273B (en) | Surface myoelectricity evaluation diagnosis and biofeedback electrical stimulation treatment method | |
| CN210096687U (en) | Transcranial direct current stimulator with reference electrode | |
| CN209809314U (en) | Transcranial electrical stimulation instrument | |
| KR102032694B1 (en) | Multi-channel transcranial direct current stimulation device | |
| CN114870249A (en) | Closed-loop adaptive alternating current stimulation neural network regulation method and system | |
| CN108837304A (en) | Regulator control system | |
| CN109011141B (en) | Single-phase and double-phase constant-current electrical stimulator for rat brain | |
| CN214017584U (en) | Surface myoelectricity evaluation diagnosis and biofeedback electrical stimulation treatment system | |
| CN111013011A (en) | Skull implanted miniature brain-computer interface system implantation device | |
| CN110916655B (en) | Portable electroencephalogram acquisition system | |
| CN209392593U (en) | A kind of novel pulse therapeutic device based on biological negative-feedback | |
| KR20140102879A (en) | Electro-acupuncture system | |
| CN112891734B (en) | High-precision transcranial electric stimulation device |
Legal Events
| Date | Code | Title | Description |
|---|---|---|---|
| GR01 | Patent grant | ||
| GR01 | Patent grant |