CN210005721U - 用于基板的抗反射涂层 - Google Patents

用于基板的抗反射涂层 Download PDF

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CN210005721U
CN210005721U CN201920182593.6U CN201920182593U CN210005721U CN 210005721 U CN210005721 U CN 210005721U CN 201920182593 U CN201920182593 U CN 201920182593U CN 210005721 U CN210005721 U CN 210005721U
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克里斯托斯·古古西斯
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    • B32B17/00Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres
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    • B32B17/10036Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres comprising glass as the main or only constituent of a layer, next to another layer of a specific material of synthetic resin laminated safety glass or glazing characterized by the number, the constitution or treatment of glass sheets comprising two outer glass sheets
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    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32BLAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
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    • B32B2605/006Transparent parts other than made from inorganic glass, e.g. polycarbonate glazings
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Abstract

本实用新型公开了对非正向入射光具有抗反射特性的示例性抗反射涂层。用于基板的抗反射涂层包括:多层,其包括由高折射率材料和低折射率材料交替构成的光学层;和第二层,其直接接触该多层的第一光学层。第二层的光学厚度与该多层的第一光学层的光学厚度之和位于146纳米和190纳米之间。

Description

用于基板的抗反射涂层
技术领域
本实用新型一般涉及抗反射涂层,更具体地,涉及对斜向入射光有效的抗反射涂层。
背景技术
许多抗反射涂层对于正向入射光具有令人满意的抗反射特性,但对于非正向角度入射光具有较差的抗反射特性,例如,与正向入射相差30度以上。然而,对于非正向角度入射光,需要具有令人满意的抗反射性能的抗反射涂层。例如,在汽车中,来自汽车仪表盘的光可能以非正向入射角照射汽车的天窗,并且对于汽车乘员可见。由于这可能是乘客所不希望发生的,例如使乘客分心,因此需要降低玻璃在非正向角度入射上的反射特性。
实用新型内容
本实用新型公开了对非正向角度入射光具有抗反射特性的示例性抗反射涂层。示例性抗反射涂层包括:多层,其包括由高折射率材料和低折射率材料交替构成的光学层;和第二层,其直接接触该多层的第一光学层。在示例中,第二层的光学厚度与该多层的第一光学层的光学厚度之和位于146纳米和190纳米之间。
附图说明
图1示出了包括抗反射涂层的示例性玻璃板的横截面图。
图2示出了根据一些实施例的示例性抗反射涂层的横截面图。
图3示出了根据一些实施例的示例性抗反射涂层的横截面图。
具体实施方式
下面的描述是为了使本领域的普通技术人员能够制造和使用各种实施例。所提供的特定系统、设备、方法和应用的描述仅作为示例。对本文所述示例的各种修改对于本领域的普通技术人员来说是显而易见的,并且在不违背各实施例的精神和范围的情况下,本文定义的一般原理可适用于其他示例和应用。因此,各实施例不限于本文描述和示出的示例,而应符合与权利要求一致的范围。
图1示出了示例性玻璃板100的横截面图。在本示例中,玻璃板100 包括设置在基板层104和/或玻璃结构106上的抗反射涂层102。玻璃结构106包括本领域已知用于汽车玻璃的各种材料和结构,例如,PVB层108、PET夹层110、 PVB层112和/或钠钙(soda lime)玻璃层114。如下文更详细的描述,涂层102在非正向入射角度上具有抗反射特性。
如下文关于图2和3更详细的描述,涂层102可包括两个或多个光学层。本文使用的“光学层”描述具有一种或多种材料的块,其中该一种或多种材料的每种材料的折射率与该一种或多种材料的每种其他材料的折射率之间的差小于0.2。因此在一些示例中,光学层包括不同材料的多层。
涂层102的两个或多个光学层的每一光学层可包括氧化物、氟化物、氮化物或含有上述任一材料至少80%质量的任何材料。例如,两个或多个光学层的第一光学层可包括第一材料,其中氮化硅构成第一材料质量的至少80%,铝构成第一材料质量的不到20%。涂层102的两个或多个光学层的每一光学层的厚度可以小于或等于200纳米。
涂层102的两个或多个光学层的一个或多个光学层中可包含的示例性氧化物包括SiO2、TiO2、Nb2O5、Al2O3、SnO2、ITO、ZrO2、ZnO、SnZnO、 In2O3和CeO2。两个或多个光学层的一个或多个光学层中可包含的示例性氟化物包括MgF2和CaF2。两个或多个光学层的一个或多个光学层中可包含的示例性氮化物包括Si3N4、AIN、NbN、SiZrN和TiN。
涂层102的两个或多个光学层可在高折射率光学层和低折射率光学层之间交替。换言之,对于涂层102的任何两个直接接触的光学层,两个光学层的一个光学层具有高折射率,而另一个光学层具有低折射率。本文使用的“低折射率”是指介于1.2和1.8之间的折射率,“高折射率”是指大于1.8的折射率。
玻璃板100可以被弯曲成弧形、可以用玻璃料装饰、或者可以封装在其他材料中。玻璃板100的这种弯曲、装饰和/或封装可使玻璃板100适用于机动车。
现在参考图2和3描述涂层102的光学特性和附加结构特性。
图2示出了涂层102的示例横截面图。如图所示,在一些示例中,涂层102包括基板202,该基板202由第一多层(例如,包括多于一个光学层的块) 204涂覆,而该第一多层204由第二层206涂覆。
图3示出了涂层102的示例性横截面图,其中,除第一多层204和/或第二层205外,涂层还包括第三层208和/或第四层210。第三层208可以涂覆第二层206。在其他示例中,第三层208可以涂覆第一多层204。第三层208可包括一片或多片透明导电材料,例如ITO。通过包括第三层208,可以降低涂层102的发射率,从而减少涂层102反射的光所引起的热传递。
第三层208的一个或多个片可包括几微米特征长度的小型结构。小型结构可允许涂层102透射通常由通信设备(例如,GPS设备,移动电话,笔记本电脑和车辆控制台)发出的频率电磁信号。
在一些示例中,涂层102可以包括第四层210。如图3所示,第四层 210可以涂覆第三层208。在其他示例中,第四层210可以涂覆第二层206或第一多层204。第四层210可以包括具有防划、疏水或抗静电特性的一种或多种材料。
第一多层204可包括由高折射率材料和低折射率材料构成的交替光学层。第二层206可以是保护层,并且可以包括厚度小于15纳米的单个层。在其它示例中,第二层206可包括多个层。
涂层102可具有顶层光学厚度。如本文所用,具有折射率n和厚度t 的层X的光学厚度OT(X)=n t。如果层包括两个或多个不同的材料,且其各自的折射率相差小于0.2(例如,该层是光学层),那么该层的折射率n是构成该层的所有材料的平均折射率。
在涂层包括第一多层204但不包括第二层206的示例中,涂层102的顶层可以是第一多层204的光学层,其仅直接接触第一多层204的另一光学层但不直接接触基板202。因此,顶层光学厚度可以是涂层102的顶部光学层的厚度乘以顶部光学层的折射率。
在涂层102包括第一多层204和厚度小于15纳米的第二层206的示例中,涂层102的顶层光学厚度可以是第一多层204的第一光学层的光学厚度和第二层206的光学厚度之和,其中该第一多层204与第二层206直接接触。例如,第一多层204可以包括50纳米厚的Si3N4光学层和60纳米厚的SiO2光学层,第二层206可以包括5纳米厚的SnZNO层,该SnZNO层直接接触60纳米厚的SiO2光学层。在该示例中,涂层102的顶层光学厚度为tSiO2*nSiO2+tSnZnO*nSnZnO=60*1.45+ 5*2=103.6纳米。
在一些示例中,对于550纳米的光,多层204(其与第二层206直接接触)的第一光学层的折射率可以小于1.7。在一些示例中,涂层102不包括第二层 206,第一多层204的光学层仅直接接触第一多层204的另一光学层但不直接接触基板202,其对于550纳米的光的折射率可以小于1.7。
涂层102的顶层光学厚度可位于146-190纳米之间。顶层光学厚度在 146-190纳米之间的涂层可具有意想不到的优点和效果。例如,涂层102对于60 度斜向入射(Rvis60)光具有小于3.5%的可见反射率。相比之下,对于非正向入射光而言,不具有优化抗反射特性的普通抗反射涂层的Rvis60大于4%。该可见反射率可根据ISO9050标准来定义。
上文讨论的涂层102的示例可具有针对正向入射光的抗反射特性。例如,涂层102对正向入射光(R0)的反射率可以小于3%。因此,上文讨论的涂层102的示例除了具有针对正向入射光的抗反射特性外,还具有针对斜向入射光 (例如,50-70度入射)的抗反射特性。
上文讨论的涂层102的示例可以在所有视角下都具有中性色。特别地,对于从正向入射(0度)到60度入射的入射角,上述涂层102的示例的a*值和b*值分别位于-10至5和-15至5之间。涂层102的a*值和b*值可根据CIE 1931标准来测量。
表1示出了各种涂层示例(例如,涂层102)。计算涂层的正向反射率R0、涂层在60度Rvis60上的可见反射率、涂层在正入射和60度入射上的a*值、涂层在正入射和60度入射上的b*值、形成涂层的各层的光学厚度、以及涂层对 60度入射光是否具有可接受的可见光反射率。针对60度入射光的可接受的可见光反射率可小于3.5%。表1中的基板为钠钙玻璃,根据从基板涂覆侧反射的光来测量反射率。
Figure DEST_PATH_GDA0002231161450000071
表1
如表1所示,确定涂层是否具有对于60度入射光的可接受的可见反射率的一个重要参数可以是涂层的顶层光学厚度(例如,n=4层的D列,n=5 层的E列,n=6层的F列)。尤其是,对于60度入射光,具有位于146-190纳米之间的顶层光学厚度的涂层可具有可接受的可见反射率。
出于解释的目的,上述说明是参考特定示例描述的。然而,上述说明性的论述并非旨在详尽或将本实用新型限定为所公开的特定形式。基于上述教导,可以进行很多修改和变化。选择并描述这些示例是为了最好地解释本实用新型的原理及其实际应用,从而使本领域其他技术人员能够最好地利用本实用新型和具有适合于预期的特定用途的各种修改的各种示例。
尽管已参照附图对本实用新型和示例进行了充分描述,但应注意,各种变化和修改对于本领域技术人员来说是显而易见的。此类变化和修改应理解为包含在本实用新型的范围中和权利要求所定义的示例中。

Claims (6)

1.一种用于基板的抗反射涂层,其特征在于,所述抗反射涂层包括:
多层,其包括由高折射率材料和低折射率材料交替构成的光学层;和
第二层,其直接接触所述多层的第一光学层,其中第二层的光学厚度与所述多层的第一光学层的光学厚度之和位于146纳米和190纳米之间。
2.根据权利要求1所述的抗反射涂层,其中所述第二层的厚度小于15纳米。
3.根据权利要求1所述的抗反射涂层,其中所述第二层不是所述多层的光学层。
4.根据权利要求1所述的抗反射涂层,其中所述抗反射涂层上的60度角入射光的可见反射率低于3.5%。
5.根据权利要求1所述的抗反射涂层,其中所述抗反射涂层上正向入射光的反射率低于3%。
6.根据权利要求1所述的抗反射涂层,其中对于所述抗反射涂层上的正向入射至60度入射光,所述抗反射涂层的a*值和b*值分别位于-10至5和-15至5之间。
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