CN209996696U - Combined body position pad for minimally invasive cardiac surgery of children through chest wall side incision - Google Patents
Combined body position pad for minimally invasive cardiac surgery of children through chest wall side incision Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
Description
技术领域technical field
本实用新型涉及一种临床手术辅助用具,具体是指一种手术体位垫,特别指一种儿童胸壁侧切口微创心脏手术组合式体位垫。The utility model relates to an auxiliary appliance for clinical operation, in particular to a surgical position pad, in particular to a combined position pad for minimally invasive cardiac surgery for children's chest wall side incision.
背景技术Background technique
手术体位的摆放是关系一台手术顺利与否的关键。患者麻醉后,病人的肌肉松弛,全身或局部失去自主能力,因此手术体位既要保证能充分暴露手术视野,使手术顺利进行,又要照顾到病人的正常呼吸和循环功能,避免肢体、关节或神经压迫而导致并发症,因此手术室需借助一些辅助工具来满足这些需求,为手术患者提供良好、舒适、稳定的体位固定,不仅需要最大限度暴露手术视野,减少手术时间,同时还需要最大限度分散患者压力,减少压疮的发生和神经损伤。The placement of the surgical position is the key to the success of an operation. After the patient is anesthetized, the patient's muscles relax, and the patient loses his or her autonomy. Therefore, the surgical position should not only ensure that the surgical field of view can be fully exposed, so that the operation can be carried out smoothly, but also take care of the patient's normal breathing and circulatory function, avoiding limbs, joints or Complications caused by nerve compression, so the operating room needs to use some auxiliary tools to meet these needs, to provide good, comfortable and stable postural fixation for surgical patients, not only need to maximize the exposure of the surgical field, reduce the operation time, but also need to maximize Disperses the pressure on the patient and reduces the occurrence of pressure ulcers and nerve damage.
当前儿童先心病微创心脏手术越来越多,每年大约超过有3万例此类手术,不同于传统心脏手术,此类手术其切口主要位于右侧胸壁腋下,因此对术中病人的体位摆放有着特殊的要求。目前我们在临床中主要是依靠包布折叠卷曲、橡胶手套水气球等自制方式作为临时体位垫使用。包布折叠卷曲是用手术巾制成的垫子,卷得紧就硬,卷的不够紧就达不到满意的支撑力,人为操作手法难以统一,因此外形不统一,强硬度也不均匀;用手术手套制成的水气球经常太软,而且受限于手套的大小,规格有限。At present, there are more and more minimally invasive cardiac surgeries for children with congenital heart disease. There are more than 30,000 such surgeries every year. Different from traditional heart surgeries, the incisions in this type of surgeries are mainly located under the armpit of the right chest wall. Placement has special requirements. At present, we mainly rely on self-made methods such as folding and curling of wrapping cloth, rubber gloves and water balloons as temporary position pads in clinical practice. The folding and curling of the wrapping cloth is a cushion made of a surgical towel. If it is rolled tightly, it will be hard, and if it is not rolled tightly enough, it will not achieve satisfactory supporting force. It is difficult to unify the manual operation methods, so the shape is not uniform, and the strength and hardness are not uniform; Water balloons made from surgical gloves are often too soft and are limited by the size of the gloves.
对于儿童患者来说,自制的此类手术垫存在着下列问题。首先外形简陋,形状大小不统一,难以达到手术需要支撑的精度和效果;其次由于儿童皮肤光滑细嫩,此类体位垫的材质不舒适,其不能较好的缓解儿童患者因手术时间过长而导致的褥疮;第三,此类体位垫不仅制作费时费力,同时也不能重复使用。For pediatric patients, homemade surgical pads of this type have the following problems. First of all, the shape is simple, the shape and size are not uniform, and it is difficult to achieve the precision and effect required by the operation; secondly, due to the smooth and delicate skin of children, the material of this kind of body position pad is uncomfortable, and it cannot effectively relieve the children caused by the long operation time. Third, this kind of position pad is not only time-consuming and labor-intensive to make, but also cannot be reused.
实用新型内容Utility model content
本实用新型的目的在于提供一种儿童胸壁侧切口微创心脏手术组合式体位垫,以解决现有自制手术垫不能完全满足儿童微创心脏手术需求、长时间使用容易患上褥疮及不能重复利用的问题。The purpose of this utility model is to provide a child chest wall side incision minimally invasive cardiac surgery combined body position pad, so as to solve the problem that the existing self-made surgical pad cannot fully meet the needs of children's minimally invasive cardiac surgery, is prone to bedsores after prolonged use and cannot be reused The problem.
为了实现上述目的,本实用新型提供一种儿童胸壁侧切口微创心脏手术组合式体位垫,包括胸腹下垫、腹部与背部支撑垫、右手臂与头耳部垫及常规垫,其特征在于:所述的胸腹下垫、腹部与背部支撑垫均为圆柱体;所述的右手臂与头耳部垫为球体;所述的常规垫为椭圆柱体,椭圆柱体顶端设置有凹面;所述的胸腹下垫、腹部与背部支撑垫、右手臂与头耳部垫及常规垫均为弹性体结构。In order to achieve the above purpose, the present invention provides a combined body position pad for minimally invasive cardiac surgery with side incision in the chest wall for children, including a chest-abdominal lower pad, an abdomen and back support pad, a right arm, head and ear pad, and a conventional pad, which is characterized in that : the described chest and abdomen lower pad, abdomen and back support pads are all cylinders; the described right arm and head and ear pads are spheres; the described conventional pads are elliptical cylinders, and the top of the elliptical cylinder is provided with a concave surface; The thoracic and abdominal lower pads, the abdomen and back support pads, the right arm and head and ear pads and the conventional pads are all elastic body structures.
优选的,上述圆柱体的高为30-40cm,直径为15-22cm。Preferably, the height of the above-mentioned cylinder is 30-40 cm, and the diameter is 15-22 cm.
优选的,上述球体的直径为10-20cm。Preferably, the diameter of the above-mentioned sphere is 10-20 cm.
优选的,上述椭圆柱体的长短轴直径比例为1.25-1.5:1。Preferably, the ratio of the major and minor axis diameters of the above-mentioned elliptical cylinder is 1.25-1.5:1.
优选的,上述常规垫的凹面低于椭圆柱体顶端面1-3cm。常规垫上凹面的设置可以在常规垫顶部形成一个下陷的凹腔,针对不同手术情况用于将患者的脚踝、膝部、髂部等部位放入凹腔内,以保护患儿的脚踝、膝部、髂部等部位。Preferably, the concave surface of the conventional pad is 1-3 cm lower than the top surface of the elliptical cylinder. The setting of the concave surface on the conventional pad can form a sunken cavity on the top of the conventional pad, which can be used to put the patient's ankle, knee, iliac and other parts into the cavity according to different surgical conditions to protect the ankle and knee of the child. , iliac and other parts.
优选的,上述弹性体为水凝胶体。水凝胶是目前最接近人体皮肤触感,与人体皮肤接触最为舒服,同时弹性体的水凝胶受压后是具有一定程度回弹性,可以与患者体位姿势完全匹配支撑。Preferably, the above-mentioned elastomer is a hydrogel. Hydrogel is currently the closest to the touch of human skin, and is the most comfortable in contact with human skin. At the same time, the hydrogel of elastomer has a certain degree of resilience after being pressed, which can be fully matched and supported with the patient's posture.
本实用新型相对于现有技术来说,具有如下优点和效果。Compared with the prior art, the utility model has the following advantages and effects.
本实用新型的儿童胸壁侧切口微创心脏手术组合式体位垫,包括胸腹下垫、腹部与背部支撑垫、右手臂与头耳部垫及常规垫,所述的胸腹下垫和腹部与背部支撑垫为圆柱体;所述的右手臂与头耳部垫为球体;所述的常规垫为椭圆柱体,椭圆柱体顶端设置有凹面;所述胸腹下垫、腹部与背部支撑垫、右手臂与头耳部垫及常规垫均为弹性体结构。这样,采用弹性体结构,与人体接触时柔软有弹性,可为人体体位提供长时间的支撑保护;同时,各个体位垫外形规格依人体体位位置设计,各位置的体位垫形状规格大小统一,可以为相关手术提供规范便捷高效的手术支持,减少病人褥疮发生率,并且各个体位垫均可以重复使用。The utility model is a child chest wall side incision minimally invasive cardiac surgery combined body position pad, which includes a chest and abdomen lower pad, an abdomen and back support pad, a right arm, head and ear pads, and a conventional pad. The back support pad is a cylinder; the right arm and head and ear pads are spheres; the conventional pad is an elliptical cylinder, and the top of the elliptical cylinder is provided with a concave surface; the chest and abdomen lower pad, abdomen and back support pads , Right arm and head ear pads and conventional pads are all elastomer structures. In this way, the elastic body structure is adopted, which is soft and elastic when in contact with the human body, and can provide long-term support and protection for the human body position; at the same time, the shape and specifications of each position pad are designed according to the position of the human body, and the shape and size of the position pad at each position are uniform, which can be Provide standardized, convenient and efficient surgical support for related operations, reduce the incidence of bedsores, and each position pad can be reused.
附图说明Description of drawings
图1为本实用新型的儿童胸壁侧切口微创心脏手术组合式体位垫的胸腹下垫结构示意图。FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of the structure of the lower thoracic and abdominal pad of the combined posture pad for minimally invasive cardiac surgery for children with side incision on the chest wall of the present invention.
图2为本实用新型的儿童胸壁侧切口微创心脏手术组合式体位垫的腹部与背部支撑垫结构示意图。FIG. 2 is a schematic structural diagram of the abdomen and back support pads of the combined posture pad for minimally invasive cardiac surgery with side incision on the chest wall for children according to the present invention.
图3为本实用新型的儿童胸壁侧切口微创心脏手术组合式体位垫的右手臂与头耳部垫结构示意图。3 is a schematic structural diagram of the right arm and head and ear pads of the combined body position pad for minimally invasive cardiac surgery with side incision on the chest wall for children according to the present invention.
图4为本实用新型的儿童胸壁侧切口微创心脏手术组合式体位垫的常规垫结构示意图。FIG. 4 is a schematic structural diagram of a conventional pad of the present invention of a combined body position pad for minimally invasive cardiac surgery with side incision on the chest wall for children.
图5为本实用新型的儿童胸壁侧切口微创心脏手术组合式体位垫的常规垫的横截面结构示意图。FIG. 5 is a schematic cross-sectional structural diagram of a conventional pad of the present invention of a child chest wall side incision minimally invasive cardiac surgery combined body position pad.
图6为图5的A-A向剖视图。FIG. 6 is a cross-sectional view taken along the line A-A in FIG. 5 .
图中:1-胸腹下垫,2-腹部与背部支撑垫,3-右手臂与头耳部垫,4-常规垫,41-凹面。In the picture: 1- chest and abdomen lower pad, 2- abdomen and back support pad, 3- right arm and head ear pad, 4- regular pad, 41- concave surface.
具体实施方式Detailed ways
下面结合附图对本实用新型做进一步详细描述。在本实用新型的一个附图或一种实施方式中描述的元素和特征可以与一个或更多个其他附图或实施方式中示出的元素和特征相结合。应当注意,为了清楚的目的,附图和说明中省略了与本实用新型无关的、本领域普通技术人员已知的部件或处理的表示和描述。The present utility model will be described in further detail below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings. Elements and features described in one figure or embodiment of the present invention may be combined with elements and features shown in one or more other figures or embodiments. It should be noted that representations and descriptions of components or processes known to those of ordinary skill in the art that are unrelated to the present invention are omitted from the drawings and description for the purpose of clarity.
参见图1-图4。一种儿童胸壁侧切口微创心脏手术组合式体位垫,包括胸腹下垫1、腹部与背部支撑垫2、右手臂与头耳部垫3及常规垫4,所述的胸腹下垫1、腹部与背部支撑垫2、右手臂与头耳部垫3及常规垫4均为采用水凝胶制作的弹性体结构,由于水凝胶表面柔软光滑,用其制作的各体位垫便于消毒清洁,可实现各个体位垫的重复利用。如图1所示,所述的胸腹下垫1为圆柱体结构,圆柱体的高度为30-40cm、直径为15-22cm。胸腹下垫1主要作用是支撑侧卧位身体胸腹部与手术床之间,可以让右侧手术切口暴露的更好,裂间隙更大,便于医生的手术操作。如图2所示,所述的腹部与背部支撑垫2也为圆柱体结构,圆柱体的高度为30-40cm、直径为15-22cm。腹部与背部支撑垫2可放置在患儿腹部前和背部,主要作用是维持患儿两侧的体位稳定,不至于术中出现身体晃动。根据不同儿童年龄和体重的大小,胸腹下垫1、腹部与背部支撑垫2的大小规格均按照直径15cm,高度30cm、直径18cm,高度35cm和直径22、高度40cm的三种规格设置。See Figures 1-4. A child chest wall side incision minimally invasive cardiac surgery combined body position pad, comprising a chest and abdomen
如图3所示,本实用新型的儿童胸壁侧切口微创心脏手术组合式体位垫的右手臂与头耳部垫3为球体结构,球体直径为10-20cm。右手臂与头耳部垫3的主要作用是防止长时间手术中出现右手臂及头耳部间褥疮的发生。在手术中,可根据患儿头架固定的右手臂与头耳部的不同距离选择右手臂与头耳部垫的规格大小。根据不同儿童年龄和体重的大小,右手臂与头耳部垫3的直径按照10cm、15cm和20cm三种规格设置。As shown in FIG. 3 , the right arm and head and
如图4-图6所示,本实用新型的儿童胸壁侧切口微创心脏手术组合式体位垫的常规垫4为椭圆柱体结构,椭圆长轴直径为30-50cm,,长轴与短轴的直径比为1.25-1.5:1。椭圆柱体顶端设置有凹面41,凹面41向下设置后使椭圆柱体顶端成凹陷的腔体结构,便于术中保护患儿的脚踝、膝部、髂部等部位。为了便于和术者脚踝、膝部、髂部等部位更好的匹配,使患者体位更加稳定,所述凹面的中部为平面,平面向四周为弧形面过渡至椭圆柱体顶端面,成碟面状结构,平面距离椭圆柱体顶端面2cm,平面距离椭圆柱体底端面5cm。As shown in Fig. 4-Fig. 6, the
本实用新型的儿童胸壁侧切口微创心脏手术组合式体位垫在使用时,当患儿侧卧平稳后,先在患儿胸腹位置放置胸腹下垫1,将右侧手术切口暴露,再在腹部前和背部分别放置腹部与背部支撑垫2使患儿两侧的体位保持稳定,然后再放置右手臂与头耳部垫3,以防止长时间的手术造成手臂与头耳部褥疮的发生,最后再根据患儿的脚踝、膝部、髂部等部位情况酌情使用常规垫4,使患儿体位更加稳定。When the child chest wall side incision minimally invasive cardiac surgery combined body position pad of the utility model is in use, after the child lies on the side steadily, the chest and abdomen
本实用新型的儿童胸壁侧切口微创心脏手术组合式体位垫的胸腹下垫和腹部、背部支撑垫根据患儿体重进行选择。The chest-abdominal lower pad and the abdomen and back support pads of the minimally invasive cardiac surgery combined body position pad for the side incision of the child's chest wall of the utility model are selected according to the weight of the child.
患儿体重6-10kg。胸腹下垫1和腹部与背部支撑垫2的直径均为15cm,高度均为30cm;右手臂与头耳部垫3的直径为10cm。The child weighs 6-10kg. The diameter of the chest and abdomen
患儿体重10-15kg。胸腹下垫1和腹部与背部支撑垫2的直径均为18cm,高度均为35cm;右手臂与头耳部垫3的直径为15cm。The child weighs 10-15kg. The diameter of the chest and
患儿体重大于15kg。胸腹下垫1和腹部与背部支撑垫2的直径均为22cm,高度均为40cm;右手臂与头耳部垫3的直径为20cm。The patient weighed more than 15 kg. The diameter of the chest and abdomen
虽然已经详细说明了本实用新型及其优点,但是应当理解在不超出由所附的权利要求所限定的本实用新型的精神和范围的情况下可以进行各种改变、替代和变换。而且,本申请的范围不仅限于说明书所描述的过程、设备、手段、方法和步骤的具体实施例。本领域内的普通技术人员从本实用新型的公开内容将容易理解,根据本实用新型可以使用执行与在此所述的相应实施例基本相同的功能或者获得与其基本相同的结果的、现有和将来要被开发的过程、设备、手段、方法或者步骤。因此,所附的权利要求旨在在它们的范围内包括这样的过程、设备、手段、方法或者步骤。Although the present invention and its advantages have been described in detail, it should be understood that various changes, substitutions and alterations can be made herein without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention as defined by the appended claims. Furthermore, the scope of the present application is not limited to the specific embodiments of the processes, devices, means, methods and steps described in the specification. Those of ordinary skill in the art will readily appreciate from the disclosure of the present invention that existing and A process, apparatus, means, method or step to be developed in the future. Accordingly, the appended claims are intended to include within their scope such processes, apparatus, means, methods, or steps.
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CN111557821B (en) * | 2020-04-23 | 2022-04-05 | 中国人民解放军第四军医大学 | A lateral decubitus spinal surgery postural fixation device |
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