CN209989867U

CN209989867U - Semi-permeable intercepting horizontal ditch for water and soil conservation

Info

Publication number: CN209989867U
Application number: CN201920619289.3U
Authority: CN
Inventors: 李福林; 田志刚; 陈华伟; 杨大伟; 王开然; 吴振
Original assignee: Water Resources Research Institute of Shandong Province
Current assignee: Water Resources Research Institute of Shandong Province
Priority date: 2019-04-30
Filing date: 2019-04-30
Publication date: 2020-01-24
Anticipated expiration: 2029-04-30

Abstract

The utility model relates to a soil and water conservation is with semi-permeable horizontal ditch that dams, its characterized in that: on the sloping field at hillside (1) place, along contour line excavation level vatch basin (2), fill out dike (3) with the soil of excavating at downstream side, its top is equipped with support pile (7) to one side slope of horizontal ditch, support pile (7) are evenly arranged along dike (3) length direction, the interval is according to the manger plate height, the intensity of support pile (7) is confirmed by calculating, horizontal cable (8) and support batter pile (7) are fixed together with iron wire or draw the knot, the geotechnological cloth that permeates water is fixed on horizontal cable (8) with the mode of ligature, the bottom is low permeability geotechnological cloth (4), the centre is middle permeability geotechnological cloth (5), upper portion is high permeability geotechnological cloth (6). The utility model discloses simple structure, the cost is low, resistant erodeing, can intercept finer clay granule, because the water permeability increases along with the rising of water level, the flood standard that can intercept is high.

Description

Semi-permeable intercepting horizontal ditch for water and soil conservation

Technical Field

The utility model belongs to soil and water conservation and desertification prevention and cure professional field can use in the soil and water conservation engineering, keeps sloping field soil and water to avoid losing, also can be applied to the occasion that has similar requirement, for example hydraulic flushing excavation earthwork construction etc. in particular to soil and water conservation keeps with semi-permeable horizontal ditch that dams.

Background

China is one of the most serious countries in the world with water and soil loss, and the water and soil loss area reaches 38% of the soil area. The water and soil loss is directly related to the national ecological environment safety, flood control safety, grain safety and drinking water safety. Grain production, which the present population relies on to live, still relies primarily on soil, and the importance of soil and water conservation to humans is self-evident. Soil and water conservation refers to the prevention and treatment measures taken to prevent soil and water loss due to natural factors or artificial activities. The method is a basic national policy which is to be adhered to for a long time, and the implementation of the basic national policy can ensure the national security foundation of China. Through the water and soil conservation law issued by the countries in recent years, the method improves the related laws of water and soil conservation, increases the punishment on the water and soil destruction people or projects, enhances the operability, and is an important guarantee for water and soil conservation.

Economic development, population increase and infrastructure expansion can damage the environment if the environment is not protected, wherein soil erosion is one of the characteristics of environmental damage. The water and soil loss can cause serious negative effects on agricultural production, forestry production, hydraulic engineering and ecological environment, so that the water and soil loss is treated by great strength in China, and water conservation design and water conservation examination are regulated on each construction project to ensure that the negative effects on the environment are reduced to the minimum.

The main measures for water and soil conservation include engineering measures, biological measures and cultivation measures, and the three measures are comprehensively applied according to local conditions to form comprehensive measures. The engineering measures are that the terrain within a small scale range is changed through artificial influence, certain terrain conditions are met, surface runoff is intercepted and stored, water conservancy conditions are changed, soil erosion is reduced, and soil loss along with the surface runoff is prevented. Among these engineering measures are terraces, horizontal ditches, dustpan, fish scale pits, hillside cut-off ditches, etc. The horizontal ditches arranged along the contour lines are one of the common methods, and are generally excavated along the contour lines under the conditions of large gradient, wide terrain and thick covering layer, so that runoff formed by rainfall on an upstream sloping field is intercepted in the ditches, and local high water level is formed to reduce hydraulic gradient, thereby reducing scouring. The solid particles washed down are deposited in the ditch because of the reduction of the flow velocity, and simultaneously, part of the surface runoff is blocked and the groundwater is supplemented through infiltration.

The capacity of the horizontal ditch commonly used at present is certain, the maximum water-containing capacity is determined by the cross-sectional area of the ditch, and the larger the cross section of the ditch is, the higher the manufacturing cost is, so that the cross section of the ditch cannot be too large. Therefore, after the horizontal ditch is built, only a certain amount of rainfall can be contained, the rainfall exceeding the containing capacity overflows the top of the embankment, the embankment filled with soil is flushed once the rainfall overflows, and the horizontal ditch loses effect. Practice proves that the horizontal ditches are often washed out due to excessive rainfall, and thus the effect is lost.

In order to overcome the defects, the horizontal ditch is not swept when the rainfall is larger, so that more water and soil are reserved.

The semi-permeable intercepting horizontal ditch of the structure has the advantages of simple structure, low manufacturing cost, scouring resistance, capability of intercepting fine clay particles, and high interception flood standard due to the fact that the water permeability is increased along with the rising of the water level.

Disclosure of Invention

The utility model aims at inventing a novel structure's horizontal ditch, this horizontal ditch can realize bottom retaining, upper portion infiltration for in the engineering measure of soil and water conservation technical field. The structure for realizing this function is such that: the utility model provides a soil and water conservation is with horizontal ditch of semi-permeable damming which characterized in that: on the slope of hillside place, along the horizontal ditch that dams of contour excavation, fill into the dike dam with the soil that excavates at downstream side, its top is equipped with the support batter pile to the slope of horizontal ditch one side, support the batter pile and evenly arrange along dike dam length direction, the interval is confirmed by calculating according to manger plate height, the intensity of supporting the batter pile, horizontal cable and support batter pile are together fixed with iron wire or draw the knot, geotechnological cloth that permeates water is fixed on horizontal cable with the mode of ligature, the bottom is low water permeability geotechnological cloth, the centre is medium water permeability geotechnological cloth, upper portion is high water permeability geotechnological cloth.

If the hillside area is small, the dike dam can form a ring shape to surround the whole mountain head, if the hillside area is large, the dike dam with the end part can be arranged at the two ends of the horizontal closure ditch at the required position, the structure and the top elevation of the dike dam are the same as those of the dike dam, and the horizontal ditch is closed, so that water cannot overflow.

On a slope where water and soil erosion control is required, a horizontal trench is excavated along a contour line, i.e., a line formed by intersecting any horizontal plane and the slope, and points on the line are equal in elevation and are therefore called a contour line. Placing the excavated soil material on one side with a low elevation, and compacting the soil material into a water retaining dike; at the top of the dike, a support inclined pile is arranged, a plurality of horizontal pull cables are arranged on the pile, the pile is bound and fixed with iron wires and the like for the support pile, low-permeability geotextile is arranged at the bottom of the support pile, medium-permeability geotextile is arranged at the middle section, high-permeability geotextile is arranged at the upper part, and the geotextile and the horizontal pull cables are fixed together by binding wires. When rainfall forms runoff and enters the horizontal ditch, water exceeds the top of the dike when the water exceeds the retaining capacity of the horizontal ditch, the geotextile at the top of the dike can retain soil particles in the water, when the water level gradually rises, the water permeability of the geotextile at the middle part and the upper part is gradually increased, and the rainfall meeting the design requirement can be resisted through calculation according to the water permeability of the geotextile. The supporting piles are inclined towards the inside of the ditch, clay particles bonded on the geotextile can be gradually thickened when water permeates, and fall back into the channel under the action of water impact and self gravity to restore the water permeating capacity of the geotextile.

If the sloping field is small, the dike dam can be annularly excavated along the contour line of the hillside to form an annularly closed horizontal ditch, if the area of the hillside is large, or only a certain length is needed according to the design requirement, the dike dam with the end parts can be arranged at the two ends for plugging, the structural form is the same as that of the dike dam, and the top elevation is also the same.

The inner slope, the outer slope and the top of the breakwater can be planted with turf for slope protection so as to increase the anti-scouring capability. Because the horizontal ditch is longer, the cross section of water passing through is bigger, the flow velocity of water which can pass through the geotextile is smaller, and the scouring force to the dike dyke is lower.

The utility model discloses simple structure, the cost is low, resistant erodeing, can intercept finer clay granule, because the water permeability increases along with the rising of water level, the flood standard that can intercept is high.

Description of the drawings:

fig. 1 is a schematic structural plan view of the present invention;

fig. 2 is a schematic cross-sectional view of AA of fig. 1.

In the figure, 1, a hill; 2. intercepting a horizontal groove; 3. a dike dam; 4. low water permeability geotextile; 5. medium-permeability geotextile; 6. high water permeability geotextile; 7. supporting the inclined piles; 8. a horizontal stay cable; 9. grass protection slope; 10-end dike.

The specific implementation mode is as follows:

referring to the attached drawings, the semi-permeable intercepting horizontal ditch for soil and water conservation is characterized in that: on the sloping field of hillside 1 place, along contour line excavation level ditch 2 that dams, fill out the native downstream side that excavates into the dike dyke 3, its top is equipped with the support batter pile 7 to the slope of horizontal ditch one side, support batter pile 7 and evenly arrange along dike dyke 3 length direction, the interval is according to the manger plate height, the intensity of supporting batter pile 7 is confirmed by calculating, horizontal cable 8 and support batter pile 7 are fixed together with the iron wire or draw the knot, geotechnological cloth that permeates water is fixed on horizontal cable 8 with the mode of ligature, the bottom is low water permeability geotechnological cloth 4, the centre is geotechnological cloth 5 of well water permeability, upper portion is geotechnological cloth 6 of high water permeability.

If the area of the hillside 1 is small, the dike dam can form a ring shape to surround the whole mountain head, if the area of the hillside 1 is large, the two ends of the horizontal closure ditch 2 at the required position can be provided with end dikes 10, the structure and the top elevation of the dike dam 10 are the same as those of the dike dam 3, and the horizontal ditch is closed, so that water cannot overflow.

During rainfall, form the runoff on the slope, along hillside line (face) 1 carry silt to enter into damming horizontal ditch 2, because horizontal damming ditch 2 is cyclic annular, perhaps at the both ends of ditch, have tip manger plate dyke 10 to seal the horizontal ditch, water can only be retrained in horizontal ditch 2 damming. When the rainfall is larger and exceeds the water storage capacity of the closure horizontal ditch 2, the rainfall exceeds the top of the dike dam 3, and firstly, the clay particles in the water are retained in the ditch through the low-permeability geotextile 4 at the bottom. If the water yield is great, the water level risees gradually, can pass through well water permeability geotechnological cloth 5 or high water permeability geotechnological cloth 6, crosses water capacity and progressively strengthens to runoff through great flow. A turf protection slope 9 is arranged on an outer slope of the dike dyke to reduce the erosion of dike dyke 3 by water, and the horizontal ditch is longer, so that the water velocity passing through the geotextile is very low, and the erosion capacity of the dike dyke 3 is very low.

Claims

1. The utility model provides a soil and water conservation is with horizontal ditch of semi-permeable damming which characterized in that: on the sloping field at hillside (1) place, along contour line excavation level vatch ditch (2), fill into dike (3) with the native downstream side that excavates, its top is equipped with support batter pile (7) to one side slope of horizontal ditch, support batter pile (7) along the dike (3) length direction and evenly arrange, the interval is according to the manger plate height, the intensity of supporting batter pile (7) is confirmed by calculating, horizontal cable (8) and support batter pile (7) are fixed together with the iron wire or draw the knot, the geotechnological cloth that permeates water is fixed on horizontal cable (8) with the mode of ligature, the bottom is low permeability geotechnological cloth (4), the centre is middle permeability geotechnological cloth (5), upper portion is high permeability geotechnological cloth (6).

2. The semi-permeable intercepting horizontal trench for soil and water conservation according to claim 1, wherein: the dike dyke (3) is in a ring shape and encircles the whole mountain head.

3. The semi-permeable intercepting horizontal trench for soil and water conservation according to claim 1, wherein: two ends of the horizontal cut-off ditch (2) at the required position are provided with end breakwaters (10), the structure and the top elevation of which are the same as the dike breakwaters (3), and the horizontal ditch is closed, so that water cannot overflow.