CN110894714B - Hydraulic engineering protection river bank and protection method thereof - Google Patents

Hydraulic engineering protection river bank and protection method thereof Download PDF

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Publication number
CN110894714B
CN110894714B CN201911106228.8A CN201911106228A CN110894714B CN 110894714 B CN110894714 B CN 110894714B CN 201911106228 A CN201911106228 A CN 201911106228A CN 110894714 B CN110894714 B CN 110894714B
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flood
flood discharge
dam
dams
dykes
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CN110894714A (en
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丁陆军
刘裕红
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Sichuan College of Architectural Technology
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Sichuan College of Architectural Technology
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    • EFIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E02HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING; FOUNDATIONS; SOIL SHIFTING
    • E02BHYDRAULIC ENGINEERING
    • E02B3/00Engineering works in connection with control or use of streams, rivers, coasts, or other marine sites; Sealings or joints for engineering works in general
    • E02B3/04Structures or apparatus for, or methods of, protecting banks, coasts, or harbours
    • E02B3/06Moles; Piers; Quays; Quay walls; Groynes; Breakwaters ; Wave dissipating walls; Quay equipment
    • E02B3/066Quays
    • EFIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E02HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING; FOUNDATIONS; SOIL SHIFTING
    • E02BHYDRAULIC ENGINEERING
    • E02B3/00Engineering works in connection with control or use of streams, rivers, coasts, or other marine sites; Sealings or joints for engineering works in general
    • E02B3/04Structures or apparatus for, or methods of, protecting banks, coasts, or harbours
    • E02B3/10Dams; Dykes; Sluice ways or other structures for dykes, dams, or the like
    • EFIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E02HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING; FOUNDATIONS; SOIL SHIFTING
    • E02BHYDRAULIC ENGINEERING
    • E02B3/00Engineering works in connection with control or use of streams, rivers, coasts, or other marine sites; Sealings or joints for engineering works in general
    • E02B3/04Structures or apparatus for, or methods of, protecting banks, coasts, or harbours
    • E02B3/12Revetment of banks, dams, watercourses, or the like, e.g. the sea-floor
    • EFIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E02HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING; FOUNDATIONS; SOIL SHIFTING
    • E02BHYDRAULIC ENGINEERING
    • E02B8/00Details of barrages or weirs ; Energy dissipating devices carried by lock or dry-dock gates
    • E02B8/06Spillways; Devices for dissipation of energy, e.g. for reducing eddies also for lock or dry-dock gates
    • YGENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02ATECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02A10/00TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE at coastal zones; at river basins
    • Y02A10/11Hard structures, e.g. dams, dykes or breakwaters
    • YGENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02ATECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02A10/00TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE at coastal zones; at river basins
    • Y02A10/30Flood prevention; Flood or storm water management, e.g. using flood barriers

Abstract

The invention discloses a hydraulic engineering protection river bank which comprises a dam and a concrete layer, wherein the concrete layer is poured on one side face of the dam, a plurality of concrete blocks are paved on the upper surface of the concrete layer, a plurality of tree planting holes are sequentially formed in the surface of each concrete block, a plurality of flood control holes are sequentially formed above the tree planting holes, a flood discharge port is formed below each tree planting hole, the flood discharge port is connected with a flood discharge channel, the flood discharge channel penetrates through the dam, a buffer groove is formed in the bottom of the side face of the dam, on which the concrete layer is poured, and the buffer groove is connected with the dam. When needs flood discharge, can open the iron gate and pass through flood discharge mouth flood discharge, protected the river levee, wherein flood control hole can be squeezed into dykes and dams the inside with the stake, then put the sand bag, can play the purpose of consolidating dykes and dams, solve flood discharge mouth fastness not enough, dykes and dams are easily not hard up and the serious problem of soil erosion.

Description

Hydraulic engineering protection river levee and protection method thereof
Technical Field
The invention relates to river bank protection, in particular to a hydraulic engineering protection river bank and a protection method thereof.
Background
A river levee is a water retaining building built along the edges of rivers, channels, lakes, seacoasts or flood diversion areas and reclamation areas, can resist flood and damp and prevent waves, protects residents in the levee and the safety of industrial and agricultural production, is the earliest flood control engineering measure widely adopted in the world, can be divided into river (river) levees, lake levees, sea levees, canal levees and embankments according to the positions of the levees, is generally built by soil materials, can also adopt reinforced concrete or grouted stone levees, also called flood control walls, and can reinforce and protect the levee for flood control in order to reduce land occupation or cause tide and storm to be too large when the river passes through town sections.
The existing hydraulic engineering protection river levee can not play a role in flood discharge, the existing hydraulic engineering protection river levee can not be damaged by explosive when the existing hydraulic engineering protection river levee is used for flood discharge, the existing hydraulic engineering protection river levee can not play a role in reinforcing the dam, the dam is easy to loosen, soil can not be protected at last, and water and soil loss is easy to cause.
Therefore, how to design a hydraulic engineering protection river bank becomes a problem to be solved currently.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to solve the technical problems that the existing water conservancy project protection river bank cannot effectively play a role in flood discharge, the existing protection river bank needs to be exploded by explosives during the flood discharge, great damage is caused to the river bank, the reinforcing effect of the existing protection river bank is not obvious, the dam is easy to loosen after the flood washing, and the water and soil loss is serious.
The invention is realized by the following technical scheme:
the utility model provides a hydraulic engineering protection river levee, includes dykes and dams and concrete layer, concrete layer has been pour to dykes and dams a side, concrete layer's upper surface is spread has a plurality of concrete piece, concrete piece be equipped with a plurality of in proper order on the surface and plant the tree hole, be equipped with a plurality of flood control hole in proper order above planting the tree hole, be equipped with the flood discharge mouth below planting the tree hole, the flood discharge mouth runs through dykes and dams with the flood discharge passageway is connected and the flood discharge passageway, and the dykes and dams side bottom of pouring concrete layer is equipped with the dashpot, the dashpot is connected with dykes and dams.
The protective dam is trapezoidal, a concrete layer is poured on one side face of the dam, concrete blocks are paved on the concrete layer, the concrete blocks are arranged closely, the added concrete blocks further reinforce the fixity of the dam, flood control holes, tree planting holes and flood discharge holes are formed in the concrete layer in sequence, flood control piles can be driven into the flood control holes, and then sand bags are placed for reinforcing the dam; the tree planting holes are used for planting trees, the trees can lock water and soil in the dam, and serious water and soil loss after heavy rain washing is avoided; the flood discharge port is used for introducing water into a flood discharge channel communicated with the flood discharge port when the precipitation amount is overlarge, and draining rainwater to the other side of the dam to reduce the pressure of the dam; the dashpot that dykes and dams bottom set up is used for when the river water yield is great to dykes and dams impact force too big have the cushioning effect, avoids causing the impact force to destroy to dykes and dams bottom.
In order to further realize the close arrangement of the concrete blocks, the concrete blocks are rectangular, one side of each concrete block is provided with a first connecting lug, the adjacent side surface of each first connecting lug is provided with a second connecting lug, the side surface opposite to the second connecting lug is provided with a first groove, and the side surface opposite to the first connecting lug is provided with a second groove; when the concrete blocks are contacted with the second concrete blocks, the connecting lugs of the first concrete blocks are contacted with the grooves of the second concrete blocks, and each concrete block is in close contact with the other concrete block.
For the steadiness of further assurance dykes and dams, set up on the concrete piece and plant the tree hole, plant the tree hole and be "one" word evenly distributed to run through concrete layer, orderly planting trees are used for pinning inside moisture and the earth of dykes and dams on dykes and dams, and the planting of trees has also afforested the environment.
In order to further enhance the stability of the dam, flood control holes are sequentially and uniformly formed in the concrete block and are uniformly distributed in a straight shape and penetrate through the concrete layer, the flood control holes are used for driving flood control piles in when the precipitation is large, sand bags are placed on the flood control piles, the buffer effect is achieved on the scouring of flood, and the dam is further protected.
For further accomplishing flood discharge protection dykes and dams, it has the flood discharge mouth to open in the below of planting the tree hole at the intermediate position of dykes and dams, is equipped with the iron gate with flood discharge passageway one side that the flood discharge mouth is connected, and the embedding of iron gate sets up in the flood discharge mouth, iron gate and flood discharge mouth swing joint, the iron gate of being connected on the flood discharge mouth is used for keeping out the circulation of flood with the circulation of flood, and the flood discharge mouth does benefit to the water yield when too big with flood discharge passageway intercommunication, makes the flood discharge pass through the other end that the flood discharge passageway was arranged to dykes and dams.
For further strengthening the stability of dykes and dams, the concrete layer of pouring in dykes and dams is provided with the reinforcement reinforcing bar along dykes and dams vertical interval, the reinforcement reinforcing bar inlay establish in dykes and dams and with concrete layer fixed connection, parallel and the interval of top surface equals to be equipped with the reinforcement reinforcing bar in concrete layer on with dykes and dams, the use of reinforcement reinforcing bar makes the effort reinforcing between the concrete layer.
For further realizing protection dykes and dams, it has the dashpot to open in dykes and dams bottom, dashpot and dykes and dams fixed connection, be equipped with the sieve on the terminal surface that dykes and dams were kept away from to the dashpot, the sieve passes through bolt threaded connection with the dashpot, and the dashpot is used for avoiding the flood to damage dykes and dams greatly to the impact force of dykes and dams bottom, and the sieve is used for the separation silt on the dashpot, and the sieve position on the dashpot is less than the position of flood discharge mouth.
A method for protecting a river bank in hydraulic engineering comprises the following steps:
when the rainfall is small, the water level is lower than the flood discharge opening, rainwater flows downwards along the inclined concrete blocks and flows into the buffer groove, and after the rainwater flows through the buffer groove, the rainwater can flow outwards over the sieve plate, and the sieve plate can block silt in the rainwater and retain soil in the groove of the buffer groove;
when the rainfall is large, the water level rises to a certain height, firstly, the iron gate is closed, so that the situation that large water flows through the dam through the flood discharge channel and rainwater flows outwards through the sieve plate on the buffer tank is prevented;
when meeting flood, squeeze into a plurality of flood prevention stake in flood prevention hole, place a plurality of sand bags and be used for consolidating dykes and dams at flood prevention stake, in order to protect dykes and dams, open the iron gate, flood flows into the flood discharge passageway through the flood discharge mouth, and the other end of flowing into dykes and dams again excretes a large amount of rainwater, alleviates dykes and dams's pressure.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following advantages and beneficial effects:
1. the invention relates to a hydraulic engineering protection river bank and a protection method thereof.A concrete layer is poured on the dam, a reinforcing steel bar is arranged in the concrete layer, the firm concrete layer protects the surface of the dam, a flood control hole, a tree planting hole and a flood discharge opening are arranged on the concrete layer from top to bottom, when smaller flood discharge is needed, the aim of flood discharge can be fulfilled by opening an iron gate, and the river bank is protected; when the rainfall is large, the flood control holes can be used for driving the wooden piles into the dam, and then the sand bags are placed, so that the purpose of reinforcing the dam can be achieved;
2. the invention relates to a hydraulic engineering protection river bank, wherein a buffer groove is formed in the bottom of a dam, a sieve plate is arranged on the buffer groove, and the sieve plate can block silt flowing down from the dam in the buffer groove.
Drawings
The accompanying drawings, which are included to provide a further understanding of the embodiments of the invention and are incorporated in and constitute a part of this application, illustrate embodiment(s) of the invention and together with the description serve to explain the principles of the invention. In the drawings:
FIG. 1 is a schematic structural view of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a side view of a dike;
fig. 3 is a schematic structural view of a concrete block.
Reference numbers and corresponding part names in the drawings:
1-dam, 2-concrete block, 3-flood control hole, 4-tree planting hole, 5-buffer groove, 6-sieve plate, 7-reinforcing steel bar, 8-concrete layer, 9-first connecting lug, 10-second connecting lug, 11-first groove, 12-second groove, 13-iron gate, 14-flood discharge opening and 15-flood discharge channel.
Detailed Description
In order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention more apparent, the present invention is further described in detail below with reference to examples and the accompanying drawings, and the exemplary embodiments and descriptions thereof are only used for explaining the present invention and are not used as limiting the present invention.
Example 1
As shown in fig. 1 and 2, the hydraulic engineering protection river bank comprises a dam 1 and a concrete layer 8, wherein the concrete layer 8 is poured on one side surface of the dam 1, a plurality of concrete blocks 2 are paved on the upper surface of the concrete layer 8, a plurality of tree planting holes 4 are sequentially formed in the surface of each concrete block 2, a plurality of flood control holes 3 are sequentially formed above the tree planting holes 4, a flood discharge port 14 is formed below the tree planting holes 4, the flood discharge port 14 is connected with a flood discharge channel 15, the flood discharge channel 15 penetrates through the dam 1, a buffer groove 5 is formed in the bottom of the side surface of the dam 1, which is poured with the concrete layer 8, and the buffer groove 5 is connected with the dam 1.
Concrete layer 8 has been pour to dyke one side, concrete layer 8 upper berth is equipped with concrete piece 2, concrete piece 2 closely arranges in proper order, make dyke 1 surface steadiness stronger, it has one row of flood control hole 3 to open in proper order on concrete layer 8, plant tree hole 4, squeeze into the stake when flood control hole 3 is used for great water yield, put the sand bag, play the purpose of consolidating dyke, it is used for planting trees to plant tree hole 4, utilize the growth factor of trees to pin earth and moisture around dyke 1, cause the loss of water and soil when avoiding flood to erode, if need less flood discharge, can be through opening iron gate 13, make the rivers excrete the opposite side of dyke 1 through flood discharge passageway 14, play the flood discharge effect, the dashpot of dyke bottom is used for buffering the impact of flood to dyke.
A protection method for protecting river levee in hydraulic engineering, when the rainfall is small, the water level is lower than a flood discharge port 14, rainwater flows downwards along an inclined concrete block 2 and flows into a buffer tank 5, when the rainwater flows over the buffer tank 5, the rainwater can flow outwards over a sieve plate 6, and the sieve plate 6 can block silt in the rainwater and retain soil in a groove of the buffer tank 5; when the rainfall is large, the water level rises to a certain height, firstly, the iron gate 13 is closed, and the situation that large water flows through the dam through the flood discharge channel 15 and rainwater flows outwards through the sieve plate on the buffer tank 5 is prevented; when meeting flood, throw into a plurality of flood prevention stake in flood prevention hole 3, place a plurality of sand bags in flood prevention stake and be used for consolidating dykes and dams, in order to protect dykes and dams 1, open iron gate 13, flood flows into flood discharge passageway 15 through flood discharge mouth 14, flows into the other end of dykes and dams 1 again, excretes a large amount of rainwater, alleviates dykes and dams 1's pressure.
Wherein, be equipped with a plurality of on concrete block 2 surfaces and plant the tree hole, it is "one" word evenly distributed to plant tree hole 4 to run through concrete layer 8, plant tree hole 2 and be used for planting trees, orderly planting trees in proper order on dykes and dams 1 is used for pinning dykes and dams inside moisture and earth, the planting of trees and afforested the environment.
The flood prevention holes 3 are formed in the surface of the concrete block, are uniformly distributed in a straight shape and penetrate through the concrete layer 8, the flood prevention holes 3 are used for driving flood prevention piles when the precipitation amount is large, sand bags are placed on the flood prevention piles, the flushing of flood is buffered, and the dam 1 is further protected.
Wherein, it has flood discharge port 14 to open in the below of planting tree hole 4 in the intermediate position of dykes and dams, and the 15 one side of flood discharge passageway that are connected with flood discharge port 14 is equipped with iron gate 13, and the embedding of iron gate 13 sets up in flood discharge port 14, iron gate 13 and 14 swing joint of flood discharge port, the iron gate 13 of being connected on the flood discharge port 14 are used for keeping out the circulation of flood, and flood discharge port 14 and 15 intercommunications of flood discharge passageway are favorable to the water yield when too big, make flood discharge the other end of dykes and dams 1 through flood discharge passageway 15 and go.
Wherein, be provided with reinforcing bar 7 along concrete layer 8 vertical interval, reinforcing bar 7 inlays to be established in dykes and dams 1 and with concrete layer 8 fixed connection.
Wherein, buffer slot 5 and 1 fixed connection of dykes and dams, be equipped with sieve 6 on the terminal surface that dykes and dams 1 were kept away from to buffer slot 5, sieve 6 and buffer slot 5 pass through bolt threaded connection, and buffer slot 5 is used for avoiding the flood to damage dykes and dams greatly to the impact force of dykes and dams 1 bottom, and sieve 6 is used for the separation silt on the buffer slot 5.
Example 2
As shown in fig. 3, the dam of the hydraulic engineering protection river bank of the present invention is a concrete block used on the dam, the concrete block 2 is a rectangular body, one side of the concrete block 2 is provided with a first connecting lug 9, the adjacent side of the first connecting lug 9 is provided with a second connecting lug 10, the side opposite to the second connecting lug 10 is provided with a first groove 11, and the side opposite to the first connecting lug 9 is provided with a second groove 12; when the concrete blocks are in contact with the second concrete blocks, the connecting lugs of the first concrete blocks are in contact with the grooves of the second concrete blocks, and each concrete block is in close contact with the other concrete block.
The above-mentioned embodiments are intended to illustrate the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention in further detail, and it should be understood that the above-mentioned embodiments are merely exemplary embodiments of the present invention, and are not intended to limit the scope of the present invention, and any modifications, equivalent substitutions, improvements and the like made within the spirit and principle of the present invention should be included in the scope of the present invention.

Claims (8)

1. The utility model provides a hydraulic engineering protection river levee, includes dykes and dams (1) and concrete layer (8), its characterized in that, concrete layer (8) have been pour to dykes and dams (1) a side, the upper surface of concrete layer (8) is spread has a plurality of concrete piece (2), the concrete piece (2) be equipped with a plurality of on the surface plant tree hole (4), be equipped with a plurality of flood control hole (3) above planting tree hole (4), be equipped with flood discharge mouth (14) below planting tree hole (4), flood discharge mouth (14) are connected and flood discharge passageway (15) run through dykes and dams (1), and dykes and dams (1) side bottom of pouring concrete layer (8) is equipped with dashpot (5), dashpot (5) are connected with dykes and dams (1).
2. A hydraulic engineering protection river levee according to claim 1, characterized in that the concrete block (2) is a rectangular body, one side of the concrete block (2) is provided with a first connecting lug (9), the adjacent side of the first connecting lug (9) is provided with a second connecting lug (10), the side opposite to the second connecting lug (10) is provided with a first groove (11), the side opposite to the first connecting lug (9) is provided with a second groove (12), the first connecting lug (9) is matched with the first groove (11), and the second connecting lug (10) is matched with the second groove (12).
3. The hydraulic engineering protection river levee according to claim 1, wherein the tree planting holes (4) are uniformly distributed in a straight line shape and penetrate through the concrete layer (8).
4. The hydraulic engineering protection river bank according to claim 1, wherein the flood control holes (3) are uniformly distributed in a straight line shape and penetrate through the concrete layer (8).
5. A hydraulic engineering protection river levee according to claim 1, wherein the side of the flood discharge passage (15) connected with the flood discharge opening (14) is provided with a sluice gate (13), and the sluice gate (13) is embedded in the flood discharge opening (14).
6. A hydraulic engineering protection river levee according to claim 1, characterized in that reinforcing steel bars (7) are vertically arranged along the concrete layer (8) at intervals, and the reinforcing steel bars (7) are embedded in the dam (1) and fixedly connected with the concrete layer (8).
7. The hydraulic engineering protection river levee according to claim 1, wherein the buffer groove (5) is fixedly connected with the dam (1), a sieve plate (6) is arranged on one end face, far away from the dam (1), of the buffer groove (5), and the sieve plate (6) is in threaded connection with the buffer groove (5) through bolts.
8. A method for protecting river levee in hydraulic engineering is characterized in that,
when the rainfall is small, the water level is lower than the flood discharge opening (14), rainwater flows downwards along the inclined concrete block (2) and flows into the buffer tank (5), when the rainwater overflows the buffer tank (5), the rainwater flows outwards over the sieve plate (6), and the sieve plate (6) blocks silt in the rainwater and keeps soil in the groove of the buffer tank (5);
when the rainfall is large, the water level rises to a certain height, firstly, the iron gate (13) is closed, so that the situation that large water flows through the dam through the flood discharge channel (15) and rainwater flows outwards through the sieve plate on the buffer tank (5) is prevented;
when flood is met, a plurality of flood prevention piles are driven into the flood prevention holes (3), a plurality of sand bags are placed in the flood prevention piles to reinforce the dam, the iron gate (13) is opened, flood flows into the flood discharge channel (15) through the flood discharge port (14) and then flows into the other end of the dam (1), and a large amount of rainwater is discharged.
CN201911106228.8A 2019-11-13 2019-11-13 Hydraulic engineering protection river bank and protection method thereof Active CN110894714B (en)

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CN112112123A (en) * 2020-08-25 2020-12-22 童品跃 Self-buffering connection assembly flood prevention plate
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