CN209970145U

CN209970145U - Gravity self-centering self-locking clamp

Info

Publication number: CN209970145U
Application number: CN201920698949.1U
Authority: CN
Inventors: 徐旭东; 陈扬
Original assignee: Individual
Current assignee: Individual
Priority date: 2019-05-16
Filing date: 2019-05-16
Publication date: 2020-01-21
Anticipated expiration: 2029-05-16

Abstract

The utility model discloses a gravity self-centering self-locking clamp, which consists of a chassis, a bearing structure and two or more clamping units, wherein each clamping unit consists of a clamping rod, a lifting rod, a clamping arm and a stand column; the bearing structure consists of a spring and a bearing disc, the spring is in contact with the chassis, and the bearing disc is fixedly connected with the lifting rod; the modular design is adopted, gravity and elasticity are combined through the lever principle, automatic clamping is achieved when a product is placed into the clamp, the product is automatically released when the product is taken out of the clamp, and meanwhile the automatic centering and self-locking retaining effects are achieved.

Description

Gravity self-centering self-locking clamp

Technical Field

The invention belongs to the technical field of machining, and particularly relates to a gravity self-centering self-locking clamp used on a production line.

Background

The fixture is a tool commonly used in machining process, and is a device used for fixing a machining object in a mechanical manufacturing process to enable the machining object to occupy a correct position so as to receive construction or detection. The fixture is used for fixing materials or parts to be processed, so that the materials or the parts cannot move or deviate in the processing process, and the precision and accuracy of processing operation are prevented from being influenced by the deviation of the objects to be processed. In a broad sense, the apparatus used to quickly, conveniently and safely mount a workpiece in any process of a machining process may be referred to as a fixture, such as a welding fixture, an inspection fixture, an assembly fixture, a machine tool fixture, etc.

In order to improve the production efficiency of products and reduce time consumption, more and more production lines of the products are modified and changed into a production line mode. In the production mode of the production line, the conveying belt is applied to convey parts to be processed to each processing device for processing. On the conveyer belt, if the parts are not fixed by a clamp during processing, products with unqualified processing sizes are easily produced, and the rejection rate is increased. Therefore, the part to be processed is usually manually pressed to avoid moving the part, but the operation of manually pressing the part not only increases the labor intensity of workers, but also the force for pressing the part is not well controlled.

Patent CN109318137A discloses a positioning device for an automated production line, comprising: at least three sets of fixedly arranged flatness determining components; jacking release mechanism, this jacking release mechanism locate the plane degree and confirm under the subassembly, wherein, jacking release mechanism includes: a jacking assembly; the unlocking assembly is arranged right above the jacking assembly, a positioning jig is arranged on the upper surface of the unlocking assembly, the unlocking assembly is supported by the jacking assembly and is driven by the jacking assembly to selectively lift along the vertical direction, and therefore the positioning jig is selectively jacked to the lower surface of the flatness determining assembly; according to the technical scheme, the response speed of the jacking unlocking action is improved while the automation degree is improved, and further the matching degree of the jacking unlocking action and the subsequent positioning action to be performed is improved, but the jacking unlocking action is combined with the gear set, a controller needs to be added for control in the later period, the cost is high, the structure is complex, the requirement on maintenance speciality is high, the precision is improved by the aid of the controller, the system is complex, the dependence on electricity is strong, and energy is consumed; in addition, the technical scheme adopts an elastic material (a pressing block) and a non-elastic material to press the stably-jumping part, and the workpiece is easily crushed by the aid of small deformation of the material.

Disclosure of Invention

In order to solve the technical problems, the invention provides a gravity self-centering self-locking clamp which adopts a modular design, combines gravity and elasticity through a lever principle, realizes automatic clamping when a workpiece is placed into the clamp, automatically releases the workpiece when the workpiece is taken out of the clamp, and has the effects of automatic centering and self-locking maintaining.

The technical scheme provided by the invention is as follows:

a gravity self-centering self-locking clamp comprises a chassis, a bearing structure and two or more clamping units, wherein the clamping units surround the bearing structure and are movably fixed on the chassis, the distances between the clamping units are equal and are also equal to the distance between the clamping units and the bearing structure, each clamping unit comprises a clamping rod, a lifting rod, clamping arms and an upright post, the upright post is fixed with the chassis, the clamping arms are fixed on the upright post and can rotate along the upright post, the clamping rods are fixed at the top ends of the clamping arms, and the lifting rods are fixed at the bottom ends of the clamping arms; the bearing structure consists of a spring and a bearing disc, the spring is in contact with the chassis, and the bearing disc is fixedly connected with the lifting rod.

Preferably, the stand comprises bracing piece I and two bracing pieces II, and two are supported II and are parallelly just fixed on bracing piece I perpendicularly, and the arm lock passes through the axle to be fixed between two supports II to can rotate along the axle between two supports II.

More preferably, the bottom of the support rod I is provided with one or a plurality of positioning pins, a plurality of rows of hole groups are distributed in parallel at the position fixed with the clamping unit on the chassis, the number of the hole groups is the same as that of the positioning pins, the distance between the hole groups is the same as that between the positioning pins at the bottom of the support rod I, holes in the same row and holes in the upper row and the lower row of the hole groups are arranged in parallel, and the size of the holes is matched with that of the positioning pins.

Preferably, a circular sinking groove is formed in the base plate, the spring is placed in the circular sinking groove, the top of the circular sinking groove is open, a spring plate is arranged at the bottom of the circular sinking groove, and the spring plate is fixedly connected with the base so as to fix the spring in the circular sinking groove; the height of the circular sinking groove is less than the length of the spring in a natural state.

Preferably, the edge of the carrying disc is provided with U-shaped notches with the same number as the clamping units, and the carrying discs on two sides of each U-shaped notch are provided with pore channels communicated with the U-shaped notches; a sliding groove I communicated in the horizontal direction is formed in one side of the lifting rod and is placed in the U-shaped notch, and a limiting pin penetrates through the hole channel and the sliding groove I to fix the carrying disc and the clamping unit.

More preferably, the other side of the lifting rod is provided with a chute II communicated in the vertical direction, and the bottom of the clamping arm is provided with a lifting rod threaded hole; the screw penetrates through the sliding groove II and is screwed into a threaded hole of the lifting rod to fix the lifting rod and the clamping arm; the bottom of the clamping arm is also provided with a lifting rod limiting pin hole, the lifting rod limiting pin penetrates through the sliding groove II and extends into the lifting rod limiting pin hole in an interference fit mode, and the length of the lifting rod limiting pin is larger than the depth of the lifting rod limiting pin hole.

Preferably, the clamping rod is provided with a chute III communicated in the vertical direction, and the top of the clamping arm is provided with a clamping rod threaded hole; the screw penetrates through the sliding groove III and is screwed into a threaded hole of the clamping rod, so that the clamping rod and the clamping arm are fixed; the top of the clamping arm is also provided with a clamping rod limiting pin hole, the clamping rod limiting pin penetrates through the sliding groove III and stretches into the clamping rod limiting pin hole in an interference fit mode, and the length of the clamping rod limiting pin is larger than the depth of the clamping rod limiting pin hole.

More preferably, bracing piece I and chassis are made by the iron material, and strong magnet has been inlayed to the bottom of bracing piece I to strengthen the firm in connection degree on bracing piece I and chassis.

Preferably, a gasket is arranged on one side of each of the two support rods II, which is in contact with the clamping arm.

Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following technical advantages:

(1) according to the invention, through a lever principle and by combining gravity and elasticity, when a workpiece is put in, the gravity is converted into clamping force, the clamp automatically clamps, when the workpiece is taken out, the gravity disappears, and the clamp automatically releases; the clamping units are symmetrically and uniformly distributed around the bearing structure in equal parts, when the clamping rod moves inwards and outwards in a retracting manner, the center can be automatically determined, so that the self-centering of the workpiece is formed, and the workpiece can be automatically corrected even if placed and deviated from the center, and is convenient to clamp; even if the workpiece is irregular and asymmetrical, the workpiece can be automatically clamped only by adjusting the length of the clamping rod in the clamping unit extending to the center;

(2) the clamping device is suitable for clamping workpieces with different sizes and specifications, the chassis is provided with a plurality of holes matched with the positioning pins, the clamping units are moved according to the different sizes and shapes of the workpieces, and the extending lengths of the clamping rods and the lifting rods towards the center are manually adjusted, so that the clamping device is strong in universality and simple in structure;

(3) the automatic clamping device converts the self gravity of the workpiece into the clamping force of the workpiece, realizes automatic clamping and automatic release of the workpiece through the conversion of spring energy storage and release energy storage, automatically completes the clamping and release processes, and realizes the automatic effect without the assistance of external force such as electric power, pneumatic power and the like because the whole process is purely mechanical operation;

(4) the bottom of the supporting rod I is embedded with the strong magnetic block, so that the connection firmness of the supporting rod I and the chassis can be enhanced, when the clamping unit is moved, the clamping unit only needs to be directly and forcibly taken down from the base, the use is convenient, and the operation is simple;

(5) the lifting rod limiting pin and the clamping rod limiting pin are respectively arranged in the clamping arm, and the double-fixing function is realized on the connection between the clamping arm and the lifting rod and the clamping rod; and meanwhile, a gasket is arranged on one side of the two support rods II, which is in contact with the clamping arms, so that the gap between the support rods II and the clamping arms can be effectively eliminated, and the friction surface is reduced.

Drawings

FIG. 1 is a schematic perspective view of the present invention

FIG. 2 is a schematic view of a clamping unit according to the present invention

FIG. 3 is a schematic sectional view of the clamping unit of the present invention

FIG. 4 is a schematic cross-sectional view of the present invention

FIG. 5 is a schematic view of the structure of the supporting structure and the chassis of the present invention

FIG. 6 is a schematic view of the structure of the present invention without a workpiece

FIG. 7 is a schematic view of the structure of the present invention for placing a workpiece

Wherein: 1. the lifting rod comprises a chassis 2, a spring plate 3, a spring 4, a limiting pin 5, a loading disc 6, a strong magnetic block 7, an upright post 8, a lifting rod 9, a lifting rod limiting pin 10, a clamping arm 11, a shaft 12, a clamping rod 13, a clamping rod limiting pin 14, a screw 15, a gasket 16, a positioning pin 17, a supporting rod I18, a supporting rod II 19, a circular through hole I20, a circular through hole II 21, a hole 22, a circular sinking groove 23, a U-shaped notch 24, a pore channel 25, a sliding groove I26, a sliding groove II 27, a lifting rod threaded hole 28, a lifting rod limiting pin hole 29, a sliding groove III 30, a clamping rod threaded hole 31 and a clamping rod limiting pin hole.

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF EMBODIMENT (S) OF INVENTION

The invention will now be further described with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments.

As shown in FIG. 1 ~ and FIG. 5, the invention discloses a gravity self-centering self-locking clamp which comprises a chassis 1, a bearing structure and four clamping units, wherein the chassis 1 is cylindrical, the clamping units are movably fixed on the chassis 1 around the bearing structure, the distance between the clamping units is equal and is equal to that of the bearing structure, each clamping unit comprises a clamping rod 12, a lifting rod 8, a clamping arm 10 and an upright post 7, the upright post 7 comprises a supporting rod I17 and two supporting rods II 18, the two supporting rods II 18 are parallelly and vertically fixed on the supporting rod I17, a circular through hole I19 is arranged in the middle of the clamping arm 10, a circular through hole II 20 is respectively arranged on the two supporting rods II 18, the circular through hole I19 and the circular through hole II 20 are coaxially overlapped, a shaft 11 penetrates through the circular through hole I19 and the circular through hole II 20, the clamping arm 10 is fixed between the two supporting II 18 through the shaft 11 and can rotate between the two supporting II 18 along the shaft 11, a gasket 15 is respectively arranged on one side of the two supporting rods II 18, the shaft 11, two tail ends of the shaft II 18 extend out of the supporting rod II, nuts are fixedly screwed on the two supporting rods, nuts 7, the two supporting rods, the two rows of the supporting rods I, the positioning pins 16 are arranged in parallel holes 16, the bottom of the supporting rods, the supporting rods I, the supporting rods, the two rows of the supporting rods are matched with the bottom of the two supporting rods I17, the supporting rods, the two supporting rods, the positioning pins 16, the.

The bearing structure consists of a spring 3 and a bearing disc 5, a circular sinking groove 22 is formed in the center of the chassis 1, the spring 3 is placed in the circular sinking groove 22, the height of the circular sinking groove 22 is smaller than the length of the spring 3 in a natural state, the top of the circular sinking groove 22 is open, a spring plate 2 is arranged at the bottom of the circular sinking groove, and the spring plate 2 is fixedly connected with the base 1; the carrying disc 5 is in a cylindrical shape, four U-shaped notches 23 are arranged at the edge of the carrying disc 5, and pore channels 24 communicated with the carrying disc 5 are arranged on the two sides of each U-shaped notch 23; one side of the lifting rod 8 on the clamping unit is provided with a sliding groove I25 communicated in the horizontal direction, the sliding groove I25 is placed in the U-shaped notch 23, and the limiting pin 4 penetrates through the pore passage 24 and the sliding groove I25 to limit the carrying disc 5 and the lifting rod 8; a sliding groove II 26 which is communicated in the vertical direction is formed in the other side of the lifting rod 8, a lifting rod threaded hole 27 is formed in the bottom of the clamping arm 10, and a screw 14 penetrates through the sliding groove II 26 and is screwed into the lifting rod threaded hole 27 to limit the lifting rod 8 and the clamping arm 10; in order to strengthen the fixing force of the lifting rod 8 and the clamping arm 10 and guide the lifting rod during installation and adjustment, a lifting rod limiting pin hole 28 is formed in the bottom of the clamping arm 10, the lifting rod limiting pin 9 penetrates through the sliding groove II 26 and is embedded into the lifting rod limiting pin hole 28 in an interference fit mode, and the length of the lifting rod limiting pin 9 is larger than the depth of the lifting rod limiting pin hole 28; the clamping rod 12 is provided with a chute III 29 communicated in the vertical direction, and the top of the clamping arm 10 is provided with a clamping rod threaded hole 30; the screw 14 passes through the sliding groove III 29 and is screwed into the clamping rod threaded hole 30 to limit the clamping rod 12 and the clamping arm 10; in order to strengthen the fixing force between the clamping rod 12 and the clamping arm 10 and guide the clamping rod during installation and adjustment, a clamping rod limiting pin hole 31 is formed in the top of the clamping arm 10, a clamping rod limiting pin 13 penetrates through the sliding groove III 29 and is embedded into the clamping rod limiting pin hole 31 in an interference fit mode, and the length of the clamping rod limiting pin 13 is larger than the depth of the clamping rod limiting pin hole 31.

When the clamp is actually installed, the horizontal height of the lifting rod 8 is lower than the horizontal height of the carrier disc 5 and higher than the height of the circular sinking groove 22, the spring 3 is in contact with but not connected with the carrier disc 5, after the clamping unit is respectively installed with the chassis 1 and the carrier disc 5, the spring 3 is placed into the circular sinking groove 22 from the bottom of the chassis 1, the spring plate 2 is covered on the spring plate 2, the spring plate 2 is fixed at the bottom of the chassis 1 through screws, the spring 3 is limited in the circular sinking groove 22, and the spring 3 is in contact with but not connected with the spring plate 2, so that when no workpiece is placed, as shown in fig. 6, the connecting end of the lifting rod 8 and the carrier disc 5 is in a lifting state, the carrier disc 5 does not compress the spring 3, correspondingly, the end of the clamping rod 12 on the same side as the lifting rod 8 is also in a lifting state, when a workpiece is placed on the carrier disc 5, as shown in fig. 7, the weight of the workpiece drives the, the loading disc 5 presses the spring 3 downwards, the spring 3 is compressed, and elastic potential energy is accumulated; the carrying disc 5 drives the sliding groove I25 end of the lifting rod 8 to move downwards, and the lifting rod 8, the clamping arms 10 and the clamping rods 12 are limited and fastened by the lifting rod limiting pin 9, the clamping rod limiting pin 13 and the screw 14 to form a whole, so that when the lifting rod 8 is pressed down by the limiting pin 4, the clamping arms 10 rotate around the shaft 11, and the clamping rods of the four groups of clamping units simultaneously retract towards the center to clamp a workpiece; the weight of the workpiece is continuously present, so that the acting force of the weight on the carrier disc 5 is continuous, and the clamping force of the clamping rod on the workpiece is also continuous.

When the workpiece is taken out, the weight applied on the carrying disc 5 disappears, the elastic potential energy accumulated by the spring 3 is released, the carrying disc 5 is pushed upwards, the limiting pin 4 also moves upwards to push the lifting rod 8, so that the clamping arm 10 rotates around the shaft 11, the clamping rod 12 moves outwards, the clamping constraint on the workpiece is automatically released, and the workpiece is smoothly taken out after the clamping rod 12 is lost.

The mechanical theory utilized by the gravity self-centering self-locking clamp is mainly divided into two parts, one is that the mass of an object, namely the weight of the object, is determined by the mass m and the gravity coefficient g on the earth, and the mass cannot disappear by the aid of the space, so that the gravity cannot disappear by the aid of the space; the other is elasticity, and elastic potential energy is the concrete expression of elasticity and is determined by an elastic coefficient k and a compression distance x, gravity acts on the spring 3, the spring 3 compresses to store energy, the gravity is withdrawn from the spring 3, the compressed spring 3 restores to the original state, and the energy storage is released at the same time. The gravity self-centering self-locking clamp is mainly applied to convenient production and life by utilizing the two knowledge theories known in the aspect of mechanics and adding proper conditions, and is invented on the basis.

Claims

1. The utility model provides a gravity is from line-up self-locking anchor clamps, comprises chassis, load-carrying structure and two or more than two clamping unit, and clamping unit is enclosing that load-carrying structure is movably fixed on the chassis, and the distance between the clamping unit equals and also equals its characterized in that with load-carrying structure's distance: the clamping unit consists of a clamping rod, a lifting rod, a clamping arm and an upright post, the upright post is fixed with the chassis, the clamping arm is fixed on the upright post and can rotate along the upright post, the clamping rod is fixed at the top end of the clamping arm, and the lifting rod is fixed at the bottom end of the clamping arm; the bearing structure consists of a spring and a bearing disc, the spring is in contact with the chassis, and the bearing disc is fixedly connected with the lifting rod.

2. A gravity self-centering self-locking clamp according to claim 1, wherein: the stand comprises bracing piece I and two bracing pieces II, and two are supported II parallels and fix on bracing piece I perpendicularly, and the arm lock passes through the axle to be fixed between two supports II to can do the rotation along the axle between two supports II.

3. A gravity self-centering self-locking clamp according to claim 2, wherein: the bottom of bracing piece I is equipped with one or a plurality of locating pin, and the position of fixing with the centre gripping unit on the chassis is equipped with a plurality of rows of parallel distribution punch combination, and the figure of punch combination is the same with the figure of locating pin, and the distance between the punch combination is the same with the distance between the locating pin of I bottom of bracing piece, and in a plurality of rows of punch combination, be parallel arrangement between the hole on same line and the hole on two lines from top to bottom, the size of hole and the size of locating pin cooperate.

4. A gravity self-centering self-locking clamp according to claim 1, wherein: a circular sinking groove is formed in the base plate, the spring is placed in the circular sinking groove, the top of the circular sinking groove is open, the bottom of the circular sinking groove is provided with a spring plate, and the spring plate is fixedly connected with the base so as to fix the spring in the circular sinking groove; the height of the circular sinking groove is less than the length of the spring in a natural state.

5. A gravity self-centering self-locking clamp according to claim 1, wherein: u-shaped notches with the same number as the clamping units are arranged at the edges of the carrying discs, and pore channels communicated with the carrying discs are arranged on the carrying discs at the two sides of each U-shaped notch; a sliding groove I communicated in the horizontal direction is formed in one side of the lifting rod and is placed in the U-shaped notch, and a limiting pin penetrates through the hole channel and the sliding groove I to fix the carrying disc and the clamping unit.

6. A gravity self-centering self-locking clamp according to claim 5, wherein: the other side of the lifting rod is provided with a chute II which is communicated in the vertical direction, and the bottom of the clamping arm is provided with a lifting rod threaded hole; the screw penetrates through the sliding groove II and is screwed into a threaded hole of the lifting rod to fix the lifting rod and the clamping arm; the bottom of the clamping arm is also provided with a lifting rod limiting pin hole, the lifting rod limiting pin penetrates through the sliding groove II and extends into the lifting rod limiting pin hole in an interference fit mode, and the length of the lifting rod limiting pin is larger than the depth of the lifting rod limiting pin hole.

7. A gravity self-centering self-locking clamp according to claim 1, wherein: the clamping rod is provided with a chute III which is communicated in the vertical direction, and the top of the clamping arm is provided with a clamping rod threaded hole; the screw penetrates through the sliding groove III and is screwed into a threaded hole of the clamping rod, so that the clamping rod and the clamping arm are fixed; the top of the clamping arm is also provided with a clamping rod limiting pin hole, the clamping rod limiting pin penetrates through the sliding groove III and stretches into the clamping rod limiting pin hole in an interference fit mode, and the length of the clamping rod limiting pin is larger than the depth of the clamping rod limiting pin hole.

8. A gravity self-centering self-locking clamp according to claim 2, wherein: the supporting rod I and the chassis are made of iron materials, and the bottom of the supporting rod I is embedded with the strong magnetic block to enhance the connection firmness of the supporting rod I and the chassis.

9. A gravity self-centering self-locking clamp according to claim 1, wherein: and a gasket is arranged on one side of the two support rods II, which is contacted with the clamping arm.