CN209953615U - Flexible composite ultrasonic vibration incremental forming device - Google Patents
Flexible composite ultrasonic vibration incremental forming device Download PDFInfo
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- CN209953615U CN209953615U CN201920069414.8U CN201920069414U CN209953615U CN 209953615 U CN209953615 U CN 209953615U CN 201920069414 U CN201920069414 U CN 201920069414U CN 209953615 U CN209953615 U CN 209953615U
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Abstract
The utility model discloses a flexible compound ultrasonic vibration forming device that advances gradually, including table surface and moving system, table surface is used for the fixed work piece of treating processing, and moving system can drive angle adjustment mechanism for the work piece motion, and angle adjustment mechanism can drive first vibration subassembly rotatory, is equipped with the second vibration subassembly on the first vibration subassembly, is equipped with the loading system on the second vibration subassembly, and the loading system is used for driving the loading instrument rotatory and provide the loading power, and first vibration subassembly and second vibration subassembly can drive the loading instrument respectively and vibrate along horizontal direction and vertical direction. The utility model discloses can effectively reduce the power of taking shape and resilience volume, improve product shaping precision and surface quality, and the high-efficient nimble adjustable of forming process can be used to metal material plastic forming processing.
Description
Technical Field
The utility model relates to a metal material manufacturing equipment and process technical field especially relate to a flexible compound ultrasonic vibration forming device that advances gradually.
Background
The ultrasonic vibration plastic processing technology is that in the traditional plastic processing technology, ultrasonic vibration with adjustable vibration mode, frequency, amplitude and direction is applied to a tool or a workpiece, so that the purposes of reducing forming force and rebound quantity, improving the actual rigidity of a machine tool, obviously improving the forming precision and surface quality of the workpiece and the like are achieved. At present, the application and research of ultrasonic vibration in the aspects of drawing, stamping, extruding, rolling, rotary forging and the like are abundant, and the application in the aspect of incremental forming is less. The existing ultrasonic vibration incremental forming device belongs to unidirectional vertical vibration, can not overcome the problems of poor surface quality of workpieces, easy cracking and wrinkling and the like of the traditional incremental forming device and method, and seriously influences the application of ultrasonic vibration in the field of incremental forming.
SUMMERY OF THE UTILITY MODEL
The utility model aims at providing a flexible compound ultrasonic vibration forming device that advances gradually to solve the problem that above-mentioned prior art exists, utilize the ultrasonic vibration of direction adjustable to realize the shaping and the grinding combined machining that advances gradually of work piece.
In order to achieve the above object, the utility model provides a following scheme:
the utility model provides a flexible compound ultrasonic vibration forming device that advances gradually, including table surface and moving system, table surface is used for the fixed work piece of treating processing, moving system can drive angle adjustment mechanism for the work piece motion, angle adjustment mechanism can drive first vibration subassembly rotatory, be equipped with second vibration subassembly on the first vibration subassembly, be equipped with loading system on the second vibration subassembly, loading system is used for driving the rotation of loading instrument and provides the loading force, first vibration subassembly with the second vibration subassembly can drive respectively the loading instrument vibrates along horizontal direction and vertical direction.
Preferably, the motion system comprises a Y-axis motion mechanism, an X-axis motion mechanism and a Z-axis motion mechanism which are connected in sequence.
Preferably, the Y-axis motion mechanism, the X-axis motion mechanism and the Z-axis motion mechanism each include a linear sliding guide and a motor-driven slider slidably connected to the linear sliding guide, the linear sliding guide of the Y-axis motion mechanism is fixedly disposed, the linear sliding guide of the X-axis motion mechanism is fixedly connected to the motor-driven slider of the Y-axis motion mechanism, the linear sliding guide of the Z-axis motion mechanism is fixedly connected to the motor-driven slider of the X-axis motion mechanism, the motor-driven slider of the Z-axis motion mechanism is fixedly connected to one end of a cantilever, and the other end of the cantilever is fixedly connected to the angle adjusting mechanism.
Preferably, the angle adjustment mechanism comprises a motor-driven rotary head and a first connection element, the first connection element being arranged on an output shaft of the motor-driven rotary head, the motor-driven rotary head being capable of driving the first connection element to rotate about the Z-axis.
Preferably, the first vibration assembly is arranged on the first connecting element, the first vibration assembly is connected with the second vibration assembly through a second connecting element, the second vibration assembly is connected with the loading system through a third connecting element, the first vibration assembly can drive the second connecting element to vibrate along the horizontal direction relative to the first connecting element, and the second vibration assembly can drive the third connecting element to vibrate along the vertical direction relative to the second connecting element; the horizontal direction vibration of the first vibration assembly and the vertical direction vibration of the second vibration assembly form a vibration plane, the vibration plane is perpendicular to the horizontal plane, and the loading tool vibrates in the vibration plane.
Preferably, the first vibration assembly and the second vibration assembly each comprise an ultrasonic generator, a transducer and an amplitude transformer which are connected in sequence.
Preferably, the loading tool is of a hemispherical head configuration.
Preferably, the workpiece is fixed on the working table by a positioning clamp.
The utility model also provides a flexible compound ultrasonic vibration takes shape method step by step, the work piece is fixed on table surface, motion system drive loading instrument removes along the processing orbit, loading system applys the rotation and provides the loading power for the loading instrument, the loading instrument is in the course of working, the horizontal direction vibration of first vibration subassembly constitutes the vibration plane with the vertical direction vibration of second vibration subassembly, the vibration plane keeps perpendicular with the horizontal plane, first vibration subassembly and second vibration subassembly drive loading instrument vibrate in the vibration plane, angle adjustment mechanism controls the planar angle of vibration, guarantee all the time that the vibration plane keeps the space perpendicular with the tangential direction of processing orbit in loading department, accomplish until the work piece processing.
Preferably, the control system finishes processing path planning according to the input three-dimensional model and material parameters of the workpiece, cuts the three-dimensional model of the workpiece by using N planes to obtain N two-dimensional plane tracks under the condition of considering the single feeding step length of the loading tool, determines the rebound deformation amount according to the appearance characteristics and the material parameters of the workpiece and considering the material rebound deformation, and performs rebound compensation on the processing track of the loading tool to obtain the actual processing path of the loading tool;
processing the workpiece layer by layer, feeding the loading tool to the next layer by one step length after the current layer is processed, wherein the single feeding step length h is less than or equal to 2rcos alpha, wherein alpha is a forming angle, and r is the radius of a ball head of the loading tool;
the vibration mode of the loading tool is related to the respective vibration mode, amplitude, frequency and phase of the first vibration assembly and the second vibration assembly, and the actual vibration mode of the loading tool is selected preferentially according to the progressive forming process, the material performance characteristics and the product appearance characteristics;
when the vibration frequency and the phase of the first vibration assembly and the second vibration assembly are the same, the vibration mode of the loading tool is oblique linear vibration, the intersection angle of the vibration track of the loading tool and the horizontal plane is determined by the proportion of the amplitudes of the first vibration assembly and the second vibration assembly, the angle is required to ensure that the vibration track of the loading tool is attached to the appearance of a workpiece, and the amplitudes of the loading tool, the amplitudes of the first vibration assembly and the amplitudes of the second vibration assembly meet the pythagorean theorem;
when the vibration frequencies of the first vibration component and the second vibration component are the same and the vibration phases are different by a quarter cycle, the vibration mode of the loading tool is elliptical vibration, and the major axis and the minor axis of the elliptical vibration are the amplitudes of the first vibration component and the second vibration component respectively;
the amplitude of the loading tool should be greater than or equal to half of the loading tool single feed step h.
The utility model discloses for prior art gain following technological effect:
the motion system adopted by the flexible composite ultrasonic vibration incremental forming device has 4 degrees of freedom, and the linear motion of 3 degrees of freedom provides the relative motion between the loading tool and the workpiece, so that the processing requirement of the workpiece can be met; the 1-degree-of-freedom angle adjusting mechanism can keep the vibration direction of the loading tool to be perpendicular to the tangential direction of the workpiece loading position.
Different from the existing one-way vibration system, the composite vibration system consisting of 2 mutually perpendicular first vibration assemblies and second vibration assemblies can flexibly adjust the vibration mode and direction according to the appearance of a workpiece, and ensure that the vibration direction of the loading tool is attached to the shape of the workpiece. When the loading tool with both ultrasonic vibration and rotary motion moves along a 2-dimensional plane track, the process of contacting the residual wavy material between two adjacent layers of processing tracks is actually a plastic deformation and grinding process, the vibration can be regarded as feeding motion, and the rotary motion can be regarded as main motion, so that the residual material between two adjacent layers of processing tracks on the workpiece can be effectively eliminated by utilizing the plastic processing and grinding effect assisted by the ultrasonic vibration, and the improvement of the surface quality and the forming precision of the workpiece is facilitated.
The utility model discloses flexible compound ultrasonic vibration method of taking shape step by step can effectively reduce forming force and resilience amount, improve product shaping precision and surface quality, and the high-efficient nimble adjustable of forming process can be used to metal material plastic forming processing.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings required to be used in the embodiments will be briefly described below, and it is obvious that the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the present invention, and for those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained according to these drawings without creative efforts.
Fig. 1 is a schematic structural view of the flexible composite ultrasonic vibration incremental forming device of the present invention;
fig. 2 is a schematic diagram of the compound oblique vibration of the first vibration component and the second vibration component in the present invention;
fig. 3 is a schematic diagram of the complex elliptical vibration of the first vibration component and the second vibration component in the present invention;
FIG. 4 is a schematic view of the vibration direction analysis of the flexible composite ultrasonic vibration incremental forming method of the present invention;
FIG. 5 is an enlarged view of a portion of FIG. 4;
wherein: 1-a work table, 2-a positioning fixture, 3-a workpiece, 4-a loading tool, 5-a loading system, 6-a third connecting element, 7-a second vibration component, 8-a second connecting element, 9-a first vibration component, 10-a first connecting element, 11-a motor-driven rotating head, 12-a cantilever, 13-a motor-driven slider and 14-a linear sliding guide rail.
Detailed Description
The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be described clearly and completely with reference to the accompanying drawings in the embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments in the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by a person skilled in the art without creative work belong to the protection scope of the present invention.
As shown in fig. 1-5: the embodiment provides a flexible composite ultrasonic vibration incremental forming device which comprises a workbench surface 1 and a motion system, wherein the workbench surface 1 is used for fixing a workpiece 3 to be processed, and the workpiece 3 is fixed on the workbench surface 1 through a positioning clamp 2. The motion system can drive the angle adjusting mechanism to move relative to the workpiece 3, the angle adjusting mechanism can drive the first vibration assembly 9 to rotate, the second vibration assembly 7 is arranged on the first vibration assembly 9, the loading system 5 is arranged on the second vibration assembly 7, the loading system 5 is used for driving the loading tool 4 to rotate and provide loading force, and the loading tool 4 can be selected to be of a hemispherical head type structure. The first and second oscillating assemblies 9, 7 are capable of driving the loading tool 4 to oscillate in the horizontal and vertical directions, respectively. The first vibration assembly 9 and the second vibration assembly 7 form a vibration system.
Specifically, the motion system comprises a Y-axis motion mechanism, an X-axis motion mechanism and a Z-axis motion mechanism which are sequentially connected, the Y-axis motion mechanism, the X-axis motion mechanism and the Z-axis motion mechanism respectively comprise a linear sliding guide rail 14 and a motor driving sliding block 13 connected with the linear sliding guide rail 14 in a sliding mode, the linear sliding guide rail 14 of the Y-axis motion mechanism is fixedly arranged, the linear sliding guide rail 14 of the X-axis motion mechanism is fixedly connected with the motor driving sliding block 13 of the Y-axis motion mechanism, the linear sliding guide rail 14 of the Z-axis motion mechanism is fixedly connected with the motor driving sliding block 13 of the X-axis motion mechanism, the motor driving sliding block 13 of the Z-axis motion mechanism is fixedly connected with one end of a cantilever 12, and the other end of the cantilever 12 is fixedly.
The angle adjustment mechanism comprises a motor driven rotating head 11 and a first connecting element 10, the first connecting element 10 is arranged on an output shaft of the motor driven rotating head 11, and the motor driven rotating head 11 can drive the first connecting element 10 to rotate around a Z axis.
The first vibration assembly 9 is arranged on the first connecting element 10, the first vibration assembly 9 is connected with the second vibration assembly 7 through the second connecting element 8, the second vibration assembly 7 is connected with the loading system 5 through the third connecting element 6, the first vibration assembly 9 can drive the second connecting element 8 to vibrate in the horizontal direction relative to the first connecting element 10, and the second vibration assembly 7 can drive the third connecting element 6 to vibrate in the vertical direction relative to the second connecting element 8. The horizontal direction vibration of the first vibration assembly 9 and the vertical direction vibration of the second vibration assembly 7 constitute a vibration plane which is perpendicular to the horizontal plane and in which the loading tool 4 vibrates.
Further, the first vibration assembly 9 and the second vibration assembly 7 both comprise an ultrasonic generator, a transducer and a horn which are connected in sequence, a housing of the ultrasonic generator of the first vibration assembly 9 is fixedly connected with the first connecting element 10, the horn of the first vibration assembly 9 is fixedly connected with the second connecting element 8, a housing of the ultrasonic generator of the second vibration assembly 7 is fixedly connected with the second connecting element 8, and the horn of the second vibration assembly 7 is fixedly connected with the third connecting element 6.
The embodiment further comprises a control system, wherein the control system is used for controlling the starting and stopping, the rotating speed, the rotating direction and the loading force of the loading system 5, and is also used for controlling the starting and stopping of the first vibration assembly 9 and the second vibration assembly 7, the vibration frequency, the amplitude, the phase and the vibration mode, and the rotating angle of the motor-driven rotating head 11 of the angle adjusting mechanism, and the machining parameters can be changed and set.
The embodiment also provides a flexible composite ultrasonic vibration incremental forming method, which is implemented by using the flexible composite ultrasonic vibration incremental forming device, wherein a workpiece 3 is fixed on the working table top 1, the motion system drives the loading tool 4 to move along a processing track, the loading system 5 applies rotation to the loading tool 4 and provides loading force, the loading tool 4 drives the loading tool 4 to vibrate in a vertical vibration plane in the processing process, the angle adjusting mechanism controls the angles of the vibration planes of the first vibration component 9 and the second vibration component 7, and the vibration plane is always kept spatially perpendicular to the tangential direction of the processing track at the loading position until the workpiece 3 is processed.
Preferably, the control system finishes the processing path planning according to the input three-dimensional model and material parameters of the workpiece 3, cuts the three-dimensional model of the workpiece 3 by using N planes to obtain N two-dimensional plane tracks under the condition of considering the single feeding step length of the loading tool 4, determines the rebound deformation amount according to the appearance characteristics and the material parameters of the workpiece 3 and considering the material rebound deformation by using finite element simulation and experimental means, and performs rebound compensation on the processing track of the loading tool 4 to obtain the actual processing path of the loading tool 4.
Machining the workpiece 3 layer by layer, specifically machining layer 1: the loading tool 4 moves to a zero point position of a system coordinate, a vibration system and a loading system 5 are started, the loading tool 4 feeds downwards by one step length to reach a layer 1 position (the vertical feeding step length is related to material parameters and vibration system parameters), then the loading tool 4 runs for a circle along a layer 1 plane processing track, and a motor drives a rotating head 11 to drive a first connecting element 10 to rotate for a certain angle in the motion process of the loading tool 4, so that the vibration direction of the loading tool 4 is always ensured to be attached to the contour curve of a processing area of a workpiece 3 and is kept to be spatially vertical to the tangential direction of the layer 1 plane processing track at the loading position; processing the next layer by layers: the loading tool 4 feeds downwards by a step length to reach the next layer of position, then the loading tool 4 runs for a circle along the next layer of plane processing track, the motor drives the rotating head 11 to drive the first connecting element 10 to rotate by a certain angle in the moving process of the loading tool 4, the vibration direction of the loading tool 4 is always ensured to be attached to the contour curve of the processing area of the workpiece 3, the contour curve is kept to be spatially vertical to the tangential direction of the next layer of plane processing track at the loading position, and the angle is adjusted at any time until the workpiece 3 is processed.
When the selected loading tool 4 is of a hemispherical head type structure, a residual material is always left between two adjacent layers of processing tracks of the workpiece 3 adopting the traditional incremental forming process and is difficult to eliminate, and the height of the residual material is called as the preset residual peak height H. Assuming that the contour lines of the loading tools 4 on two adjacent layers of processing tracks intersect at the ball head root of the next loading tool 4, the preset residual peak height H, the forming angle alpha, the ball head radius r of the loading tool 4 and the single feeding step length H satisfy the following relations: h ═ 2rcos α, H ═ r (1-sin α). When the single feed step h >2rcos α, the residual material between two adjacent layers of the processing trajectory is asymmetric; when the single feeding step length h is less than or equal to 2rcos alpha, the residual materials between the two adjacent layers of processing tracks are symmetrical, and the residual materials between the two adjacent layers of processing tracks can be eliminated by ultrasonic vibration. Since the smaller the single feed step h, the lower the machining efficiency. Therefore, in actual machining, multiple factors such as material parameters of the workpiece 3, ball head structure parameters of the loading tool 4, forming angles, vibration amplitude of a vibration system and the like need to be comprehensively considered for selecting the single feeding step length h, and an optimal value is selected between the machining quality and the machining efficiency.
Preferably, the loading tool 4 is fed one step to the next layer after the current layer is processed, and the single feeding step h should satisfy h ≦ 2rcos α, where α is the forming angle and r is the ball radius of the loading tool 4.
The vibration mode of the loading tool 4 is related to the respective vibration modes, amplitudes, frequencies and phases of the first vibration assembly 9 and the second vibration assembly 7, and the actual vibration mode of the loading tool 4 is preferably selected according to the progressive forming process, material performance characteristics and appearance characteristics of the workpiece 3.
The vibration frequency and the phase of the first vibration component 9 and the second vibration component 7 are the same, the vibration mode of the loading tool 4 is oblique linear vibration, the intersection angle of the vibration track of the loading tool 4 and the horizontal plane is determined by the proportion of the amplitudes of the first vibration component 9 and the second vibration component 7, the angle is required to ensure that the vibration track of the loading tool 4 is attached to the appearance of a workpiece, and the amplitude of the loading tool 4, the amplitude of the first vibration component 9 and the amplitude of the second vibration component 7 meet the pythagorean theorem.
When the vibration frequencies of the first vibration component 9 and the second vibration component 7 are the same and the vibration phases are different by a quarter cycle, the vibration mode of the loading tool 4 is elliptical vibration, and the major axis and the minor axis of the elliptical vibration are the amplitudes of the first vibration component 9 and the second vibration component 7 respectively.
The amplitude of the loading tool 4 should be equal to or greater than half the single feed step h of the loading tool 4.
Of course, the present embodiment should also include, before starting the implementation, preparing a blank of the workpiece 3, calculating an initial blank shape and size according to the external shape characteristics of the workpiece 3, and forging, rolling and cutting the metal plate material according to the shape and size requirements of the initial blank; fixing the workpiece 3 on the working table top 1 through a positioning clamp 2, wherein the positioning clamp 2 needs to be designed according to the appearance characteristics of the workpiece 3 and the structural size characteristics of the working table top 1; the workpiece 3 is processed and then the steps of taking and checking and the like are included.
The principle and the implementation mode of the present invention are explained by applying specific examples in the present specification, and the above descriptions of the examples are only used to help understanding the method and the core idea of the present invention; meanwhile, for the general technical personnel in the field, according to the idea of the present invention, there are changes in the concrete implementation and the application scope. In summary, the content of the present specification should not be construed as a limitation of the present invention.
Claims (8)
1. The utility model provides a flexible compound ultrasonic vibration forming device that advances which characterized in that: including table surface and moving system, table surface is used for the fixed work piece of treating processing, moving system can drive angle adjustment mechanism for the work piece motion, angle adjustment mechanism can drive first vibration subassembly rotatory, be equipped with the second vibration subassembly on the first vibration subassembly, be equipped with loading system on the second vibration subassembly, loading system is used for driving the loading instrument rotatory and provides the loading power, first vibration subassembly with the second vibration subassembly can drive respectively the loading instrument vibrates along horizontal direction and vertical direction.
2. The flexible composite ultrasonic vibratory incremental forming apparatus of claim 1, wherein: the motion system comprises a Y-axis motion mechanism, an X-axis motion mechanism and a Z-axis motion mechanism which are connected in sequence.
3. The flexible composite ultrasonic vibratory incremental forming apparatus of claim 2, wherein: y axle motion the Y axle motion X axle motion with Z axle motion all include linear sliding guide and with linear sliding guide sliding connection's motor drive slider, Y axle motion the linear sliding guide is fixed to be set up, X axle motion the linear sliding guide with Y axle motion the motor drive slider fixed connection, Z axle motion the linear sliding guide with X axle motion the motor drive slider fixed connection, Z axle motion the motor drive slider fixed connection one end of cantilever, the other end of cantilever with angle adjustment mechanism fixed connection.
4. The flexible composite ultrasonic vibratory incremental forming apparatus of claim 1, wherein: the angle adjustment mechanism comprises a motor drive rotating head and a first connecting element, the first connecting element is arranged on an output shaft of the motor drive rotating head, and the motor drive rotating head can drive the first connecting element to rotate around a Z axis.
5. The flexible composite ultrasonic vibratory incremental forming apparatus of claim 4, wherein: the first vibration assembly is arranged on the first connecting element, the first vibration assembly is connected with the second vibration assembly through a second connecting element, the second vibration assembly is connected with the loading system through a third connecting element, the first vibration assembly can drive the second connecting element to vibrate along the horizontal direction relative to the first connecting element, and the second vibration assembly can drive the third connecting element to vibrate along the vertical direction relative to the second connecting element; the horizontal direction vibration of the first vibration assembly and the vertical direction vibration of the second vibration assembly form a vibration plane, the vibration plane is perpendicular to the horizontal plane, and the loading tool vibrates in the vibration plane.
6. The flexible composite ultrasonic vibratory incremental forming apparatus of claim 1, wherein: the first vibration assembly and the second vibration assembly respectively comprise an ultrasonic generator, an energy converter and an amplitude transformer which are sequentially connected.
7. The flexible composite ultrasonic vibratory incremental forming apparatus of claim 1, wherein: the loading tool is of a hemispherical head type structure.
8. The flexible composite ultrasonic vibratory incremental forming apparatus of claim 1, wherein: the workpiece is fixed on the working table top through a positioning clamp.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201920069414.8U CN209953615U (en) | 2019-01-16 | 2019-01-16 | Flexible composite ultrasonic vibration incremental forming device |
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN201920069414.8U CN209953615U (en) | 2019-01-16 | 2019-01-16 | Flexible composite ultrasonic vibration incremental forming device |
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| CN209953615U true CN209953615U (en) | 2020-01-17 |
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| CN201920069414.8U Expired - Fee Related CN209953615U (en) | 2019-01-16 | 2019-01-16 | Flexible composite ultrasonic vibration incremental forming device |
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Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN112338051A (en) * | 2020-09-11 | 2021-02-09 | 山东科技大学 | Ultrasonic-assisted incremental forming device and process for aluminum alloy ribbed thin-wall component |
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2019
- 2019-01-16 CN CN201920069414.8U patent/CN209953615U/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN112338051A (en) * | 2020-09-11 | 2021-02-09 | 山东科技大学 | Ultrasonic-assisted incremental forming device and process for aluminum alloy ribbed thin-wall component |
| CN112338051B (en) * | 2020-09-11 | 2022-06-24 | 山东科技大学 | Ultrasonic-assisted incremental forming device and process for aluminum alloy ribbed thin-wall component |
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Granted publication date: 20200117 Termination date: 20210116 |