CN209912115U - Landslide monitoring and alarming device - Google Patents
Landslide monitoring and alarming device Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- CN209912115U CN209912115U CN201920984127.XU CN201920984127U CN209912115U CN 209912115 U CN209912115 U CN 209912115U CN 201920984127 U CN201920984127 U CN 201920984127U CN 209912115 U CN209912115 U CN 209912115U
- Authority
- CN
- China
- Prior art keywords
- connecting rod
- fixed pulley
- measuring line
- monitoring
- landslide
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Active
Links
Images
Landscapes
- Testing Or Calibration Of Command Recording Devices (AREA)
Abstract
The utility model relates to an engineering equipment technical field especially relates to a landslide monitoring alarm device, including a set of spud pile and measuring line, be equipped with the fixed pulley on one of them spud pile, the one end of measuring line twines on the fixed pulley, and the other end is tied on another spud pile, still be equipped with displacement monitoring alarm device on the measuring line, this device simple structure, economical and practical, easy operation can in time report to the police when unusual conditions such as proruption landslide again simultaneously, realize effectively opening out ground disaster monitoring and early warning fast, solve the problem of purchasing professional monitoring facilities difficulty and professional service difficulty in the outlying area.
Description
Technical Field
The utility model relates to a monitored control system technical field especially relates to a landslide monitoring alarm device.
Background
When a crack appears on the surface of a landslide, the crack displacement needs to be monitored in real time so as to better judge the development trend or immediately give an alarm when the crack is expanded and a landslide is about to collapse, surrounding personnel can take disaster avoidance measures in time, most landslide early warning retractors are adopted to monitor the landslide crack and give an alarm at present, but the landslide early warning retractors are adopted to carry out installation and debugging by professional personnel, so that the landslide early warning retractors are not easy to purchase in the market, the monitoring input cost is high, and the professional personnel are required to install and maintain.
In view of the above problems, there is a need for an economic and practical monitoring system that is simple to operate, can observe the crack displacement prediction development trend, and can give an alarm in time under abnormal conditions such as sudden landslide, realize rapid and effective open-up monitoring and early warning of ground disasters, and solve the problems of difficulty in purchasing professional monitoring equipment and difficulty in service for professionals in remote areas.
In summary, a landslide monitoring and alarming device is needed.
SUMMERY OF THE UTILITY MODEL
To the problem, an object of the utility model is to provide a landslide monitoring alarm device.
In order to achieve the above object, the utility model adopts the following technical scheme:
a landslide monitoring and alarming device comprises a group of positioning piles and measuring lines, wherein a fixed pulley is arranged on one positioning pile, one end of each measuring line is wound on the fixed pulley, the other end of each measuring line is tied to the other positioning pile, and a displacement monitoring and alarming device is further arranged on each measuring line.
The landslide monitoring and alarming device comprises a group of positioning piles, wherein the positioning piles are respectively inserted into the upper end and the lower end of a slope surface, so that the part of the slope surface with cracks is positioned between the positioning piles, one positioning pile is provided with a fixed pulley, one end of a measuring line is wound on the fixed pulley, the other end of the measuring line is tied on the other positioning pile, the measuring line is in a tensioning state, the measuring line is also provided with a displacement monitoring and alarming device, the displacement monitoring and alarming device can preset a displacement alarming value, when the cracks on the slope surface are enlarged, the distance between the two positioning piles is increased, the fixed pulley on the positioning pile is rotated, the measuring line between the positioning piles is extended and lengthened, and then the displacement monitoring and alarming device arranged on the measuring line is driven to move, when the displacement of the displacement monitoring and alarming device is larger than the preset value, the displacement monitoring and alarming device gives an alarm, so that surrounding personnel can be informed to, the device has the advantages of simple structure, economy, simplicity in operation, and capability of timely alarming in case of abnormal conditions such as sudden landslide, realizing rapid and effective open ground disaster monitoring and early warning, and solving the problems of difficulty in purchasing professional monitoring equipment and difficulty in service of professional personnel in remote areas.
Preferably, the tail end of a measuring line on the fixed pulley is provided with a plumb bob, the fixed pulley is arranged on the positioning piles, the change of cracks on a slope surface can lead to the change of the distance between the two positioning piles, so that the fixed pulley on the positioning piles rotates, the measuring line between the positioning piles extends and lengthens, the extending and lengthening amount of the measuring line is the expanding amount of the cracks, the tail end of the measuring line is provided with the plumb bob, the plumb bob has a certain mass and can straighten the line, the positioning pile provided with the fixed pulley is further provided with the staff, the measuring line drives the plumb bob to move in the extending and lengthening process, the moving value of the plumb bob is measured through the staff, the corresponding scale value is read, the vertical displacement of the plumb bob is measured, and the expanding amount of the.
Preferably, a clamping groove is formed in one of the positioning piles, the scale is clamped in the clamping groove, a clamping groove is formed in one of the positioning piles, and the scale is clamped in the clamping groove, so that the positioning piles and the scale can be conveniently mounted and dismounted.
Preferably, the fixed pulley and the positioning pile are detachably connected through the rod connecting mechanism, and the fixed pulley and the positioning pile are detachably connected through the rod connecting mechanism, so that the fixed pulley is conveniently installed and detached on the positioning pile.
Preferably, pole coupling mechanism includes clamp and connecting rod one, the clamp is located on the spud pile, the one end and the clamp of connecting rod one can be dismantled and be connected, and the other end and fixed pulley can be dismantled and be connected, and pole coupling mechanism includes clamp and connecting rod one, fixes pole coupling mechanism on the spud pile through the clamp, and the fixed pulley is installed on connecting rod one, in the installation, adjusts the contained angle of the relative clamp of connecting rod one, makes a connecting rod perpendicular to slope and then makes the measuring line between fixed pulley and the spud pile parallel with the slope to when the crack enlarges, the measuring line extends along the slope and elongates, through scale and plumb cooperation, the cracked variation value of accurate measurement.
Preferably, one end of the first connecting rod is provided with a clamping part, the first connecting rod is detachably connected with the fixed pulley through the clamping part, one end of the first connecting rod is provided with the clamping part, and the fixed pulley is installed on the first connecting rod through the clamping part, so that the fixed pulley is convenient to install and dismantle.
Preferably, the rod connecting mechanism further comprises a second connecting rod, one end of the second connecting rod is detachably connected with the first connecting rod, the other end of the second connecting rod is detachably connected with the fixed pulley, the second connecting rod further comprises a second connecting rod, one end of the second connecting rod is detachably connected with the first connecting rod, in the installation process, the height distance of the fixed pulley relative to the slope surface is adjusted by adjusting the included angle of the first connecting rod relative to a hoop and the included angle of the second connecting rod relative to the first connecting rod while the second connecting rod is perpendicular to the slope surface, and in the use process, by changing the height of the fixed pulley relative to the slope surface, the influence on the measurement precision caused by contact interference of a measuring line wound on the fixed pulley and crushed stones protruding on the slope surface.
Preferably, one end of the second connecting rod is provided with a clamping part, the fixed pulley is detachably connected with the second connecting rod through the clamping part, one end of the second connecting rod is provided with the clamping part, and the fixed pulley is installed on the second connecting rod through the clamping part, so that the fixed pulley is convenient to install and dismantle.
Preferably, one end of the first connecting rod or the second connecting rod is provided with a threaded hole, the buckle piece is connected with the first connecting rod or the second connecting rod through threaded engagement, one end of the first connecting rod or the second connecting rod is provided with a threaded hole, and the buckle piece is connected with the first connecting rod or the second connecting rod through threaded engagement, so that the buckle piece is convenient to mount and dismount.
Preferably, the displacement monitoring alarm device is a sea rod alarm, the sea rod alarm is simple in structure, convenient to install and high in sensitivity, and installation and maintenance of operators are not required to be transferred.
Compared with the prior art, the utility model has the advantages of: the utility model relates to a landslide monitoring and alarming device, which comprises a group of positioning piles, wherein the positioning piles are respectively inserted at the upper end and the lower end of a slope surface, the position of a crack on the slope surface is positioned between the positioning piles, one positioning pile is provided with a fixed pulley, one end of a measuring line is wound on the fixed pulley, the other end of the measuring line is tied on the other positioning pile, the measuring line is in a tensioning state, the measuring line is also provided with a displacement monitoring and alarming device, the displacement monitoring and alarming device can preset a displacement alarming value, when the crack on the slope surface is enlarged, the distance between the two positioning piles is enlarged, the fixed pulley on the positioning pile is rotated, the measuring line between the positioning piles is extended and lengthened, and then the displacement monitoring and alarming device arranged on the measuring line is driven to move, when the displacement monitoring and alarming device is larger than the preset value, the displacement monitoring and alarming device gives an alarm, therefore, surrounding personnel can be informed to take disaster avoidance measures in time, the device is simple in structure, economical and practical and simple to operate, meanwhile, the alarm can be given in time under abnormal conditions such as sudden landslide and the like, the monitoring and early warning of the ground disaster can be rapidly and effectively realized, and the problems that professional monitoring equipment is difficult to purchase in remote areas and service of professional personnel is difficult are solved.
The beneficial effects of other embodiments of the application are as follows:
1. the crack change on the slope can lead to the distance change between two spuds, and then make the fixed pulley on the spud rotate, the measuring wire between the spud extends to elongate, measuring wire extends the elongation and is the expansion amount of crackle promptly, be equipped with the plumb bob at the end of measuring wire, the plumb bob has certain quality, can straighten the line, still be equipped with the scale on the spud that is provided with the fixed pulley, measuring wire extends and elongates the in-process and drives the plumb bob and remove, measure plumb bob removal value and read corresponding scale interval through the scale, measure the vertical displacement of plumb bob, the expansion amount of measurable quantity that appears the fissure.
2. A clamping groove is formed in one of the positioning piles, and the scale is clamped in the clamping groove, so that the positioning piles and the scale can be conveniently mounted and dismounted.
3. The fixed pulley and the positioning pile are detachably connected by adopting a rod connecting mechanism, so that the fixed pulley is convenient to install and detach on the positioning pile.
4. The rod connecting mechanism comprises a clamp and a first connecting rod, the rod connecting mechanism is fixed on the positioning pile through the clamp, the fixed pulley is installed on the first connecting rod, and in the installation process, the included angle of the first connecting rod relative to the clamp is adjusted to enable the first connecting rod to be perpendicular to the slope and enable the measuring line between the fixed pulley and the positioning pile to be parallel to the slope, so that when the crack is enlarged, the measuring line is extended and lengthened along the slope, and the change value of the crack is accurately measured through the cooperation of the scale and the plumb.
5. One end of the first connecting rod is provided with a clamping piece, and the fixed pulley is installed on the first connecting rod through the clamping piece, so that the fixed pulley is convenient to install and detach.
6. The rod connecting mechanism further comprises a second connecting rod, one end of the second connecting rod is detachably connected with the first connecting rod, in the installation process, the height distance of the fixed pulley relative to the slope surface is adjusted while the second connecting rod is perpendicular to the slope surface by adjusting the included angle of the first connecting rod relative to the clamp and the included angle of the second connecting rod relative to the first connecting rod, and in the use process, the contact interference of a measuring line wound on the fixed pulley and the protruding broken stones on the slope surface and the like can be avoided by changing the height of the fixed pulley relative to the slope surface, so that the measuring precision is not affected.
7. And a clamping piece is arranged at one end of the second connecting rod, and the fixed pulley is arranged on the second connecting rod through the clamping piece, so that the fixed pulley is convenient to install and dismantle.
8. One end of the first connecting rod or the second connecting rod is provided with a threaded hole, and the clamping piece is connected with the first connecting rod or the second connecting rod through threaded engagement, so that the clamping piece is convenient to mount and dismount.
9. The sea rod alarm has simple structure, convenient installation and high sensitivity, and does not need to be installed and maintained by operators.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a schematic structural view of the landslide monitoring alarm device of the present invention;
fig. 2 is a schematic structural view of a rod connecting mechanism of the landslide monitoring alarm device of the present invention;
fig. 3 is a schematic structural view of another rod connection mechanism of the landslide monitoring alarm device of the present invention.
Reference numerals
1-a positioning pile, 2-a scale, 3-a rod connecting mechanism, 31-a clamp, 32-a first connecting rod, 33-a second connecting rod, 34-a fastener, 4-a fixed pulley, 5-a displacement monitoring alarm device, 6-a line hammer, 7-a measuring line and 8-a slope surface.
Detailed Description
In order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention more clearly understood, the present invention is further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are for purposes of illustration only and are not intended to limit the invention.
Example 1
As shown in fig. 1 and fig. 2, the landslide monitoring and alarming device of the embodiment comprises a positioning pile 1, a scale 2, a rod connecting mechanism 3, a clamp 31, a first connecting rod 32, a fastener 34, a fixed pulley 4, a displacement monitoring and alarming device 5, a plumb 6, a measuring line 7 and a slope surface 8, wherein the landslide monitoring and alarming device comprises a group of positioning piles 1, the positioning piles 1 are respectively inserted into the upper end and the lower end of the slope surface 8, the part of the slope surface 8 with cracks is positioned between the positioning piles 1, one positioning pile 1 is provided with the fixed pulley 4, one end of the measuring line 7 is wound on the fixed pulley 4, the other end is tied on the other positioning pile 1, the measuring line 7 is in a tensioning state, the measuring line 7 is also provided with the displacement monitoring and alarming device 5, the displacement monitoring and alarming device 5 can preset a displacement alarming value, when the cracks on the slope surface 8 expand, the distance between the two positioning piles 1 is increased, the fixed pulley 4 on the positioning pile 1 is rotated, the measuring line 7 between the positioning piles 1 extends and stretches, and then the displacement monitoring alarm device 5 arranged on the measuring line 7 is driven to move, when the displacement of the displacement monitoring alarm device 5 is larger than a preset value, the displacement monitoring alarm device 5 gives an alarm, so that surrounding personnel can be informed to take disaster avoidance measures in time.
The crack change on the slope 8 can lead to the distance change between two spuds 1, and then make fixed pulley 4 on the spud 1 rotate, measuring wire 7 between the spud 1 extends and elongates, measuring wire 7 extends the elongation and is the expansion volume of crackle promptly, be equipped with plumb bob 6 at the end of measuring wire 7, plumb bob 6 has certain quality, can straighten the line, still be equipped with scale 2 on the spud 1 that is provided with fixed pulley 4, measuring wire 7 extends and elongates the in-process and drives plumb bob 6 and remove, measure plumb bob 6 moving value and read corresponding scale interval through scale 2, measure plumb bob 6's vertical displacement, the expansion volume of measurable quantity out the crack.
A clamping groove is formed in one positioning pile 1, and the scale 2 is clamped in the clamping groove, so that the positioning pile 1 and the scale 2 can be conveniently mounted and dismounted.
Fixed pulley 4 adopts pole coupling mechanism 3 to dismantle with spud 1 and is connected, makes things convenient for the installation of fixed pulley 4 on spud 1 to dismantle.
The rod connecting mechanism 3 comprises a clamp 31 and a first connecting rod 32, the rod connecting mechanism 3 is fixed on the positioning pile 1 through the clamp 31, the fixed pulley 4 is installed on the first connecting rod 32, in the installation process, the included angle of the first connecting rod 32 relative to the clamp 31 is adjusted, the first connecting rod 32 is perpendicular to the slope surface 8, and therefore the measuring line 7 between the fixed pulley 4 and the positioning pile 1 is parallel to the slope surface 8, when a crack is enlarged, the measuring line 7 extends and elongates along the slope surface 8, and the change value of the crack is accurately measured through the matching of the scale 2 and the plumb 6.
One end of the first connecting rod 32 is provided with a fastener 34, and the fixed pulley 4 is mounted on the first connecting rod 32 through the fastener 34, so that the fixed pulley 4 is convenient to mount and dismount.
One end of the first connecting rod 32 is provided with a threaded hole, and the buckling piece 4 is connected with the first connecting rod 32 through threaded engagement, so that the buckling piece 4 can be conveniently mounted and dismounted.
The sea rod alarm has simple structure, convenient installation and high sensitivity, and does not need to be installed and maintained by operators.
Example 2
As shown in fig. 3, the landslide monitoring and alarming device of the embodiment includes a second connecting rod 33, and the difference between the embodiment and the embodiment 1 is that the rod connecting mechanism 3 further includes a second connecting rod 33, one end of the second connecting rod 33 is detachably connected with a first connecting rod 32, in the installation process, the height distance of the fixed pulley 4 relative to the slope surface 8 is adjusted by adjusting the included angle of the first connecting rod 32 relative to the hoop 31 and the included angle of the second connecting rod 33 relative to the first connecting rod 32 while the second connecting rod 33 is perpendicular to the slope surface 8, and in the use process, the contact interference between the measuring line 7 wound on the fixed pulley 4 and the broken stones protruding from the slope surface 8 and the like can be avoided by changing the height of the fixed pulley 4 relative to the slope surface 8, so that the measuring accuracy is.
One end of the second connecting rod 33 is provided with a fastener 34, and the fixed pulley 4 is mounted on the second connecting rod 33 through the fastener 34, so that the fixed pulley 4 can be mounted and dismounted conveniently.
One end of the second connecting rod 33 is provided with a threaded hole, and the fastener 4 is connected with the second connecting rod 33 through threaded engagement, so that the fastener 4 can be conveniently mounted and dismounted.
The above embodiments are only used to illustrate the present invention and not to limit the technical solutions described in the present invention, and although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the above embodiments, the present invention is not limited to the above embodiments, and therefore, any modification or equivalent replacement may be made to the present invention; all technical solutions and modifications without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention should be covered by the claims of the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. The utility model provides a landslide monitoring alarm device which characterized in that: the device comprises a group of positioning piles (1) and a measuring line (7), wherein a fixed pulley (4) is arranged on one positioning pile (1), one end of the measuring line (7) is wound on the fixed pulley (4), the other end of the measuring line is tied to the other positioning pile (1), and a displacement monitoring and alarming device (5) is further arranged on the measuring line (7).
2. The landslide monitoring and warning device of claim 1, wherein: the measuring line (7) end on the fixed pulley (4) is provided with a plumb bob (6), and the positioning pile (1) provided with the fixed pulley (4) is also provided with a scale (2).
3. A landslide monitoring and warning unit as claimed in claim 2 wherein: one of the positioning piles (1) is provided with a clamping groove, and the scale (2) is clamped in the clamping groove.
4. A landslide monitoring and warning unit as claimed in claim 3 wherein: the fixed pulley (4) is detachably connected with the positioning pile (1) by a rod connecting mechanism (3).
5. The landslide monitoring and warning device of claim 4, wherein: rod coupling mechanism (3) include clamp (31) and connecting rod (32), on spud (1) was located in clamp (31), the one end and the clamp (31) of connecting rod (32) can be dismantled and be connected, and the other end can be dismantled with fixed pulley (4) and be connected.
6. The landslide monitoring and warning device of claim 5, wherein: one end of the first connecting rod (32) is provided with a clamping piece (34), and the first connecting rod (32) is detachably connected with the fixed pulley (4) through the clamping piece (34).
7. The landslide monitoring and alarming device according to claim 5, wherein the rod connecting mechanism (3) further comprises a second connecting rod (33), one end of the second connecting rod (33) is detachably connected with the first connecting rod (32), and the other end of the second connecting rod is detachably connected with the fixed pulley (4).
8. The landslide monitoring and warning device of claim 7, wherein: one end of the second connecting rod (33) is provided with a clamping piece (34), and the fixed pulley (4) is detachably connected with the second connecting rod (33) through the clamping piece (34).
9. A landslide monitoring and warning unit as claimed in claim 6 or claim 8 wherein: the fastener (34) is detachably connected with the first connecting rod (32) or the second connecting rod (33).
10. The landslide monitoring and warning device of any one of claims 1 ~ 8 wherein the displacement monitoring and warning device (5) is a sea fishing rod alarm.
Priority Applications (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
CN201920984127.XU CN209912115U (en) | 2019-06-27 | 2019-06-27 | Landslide monitoring and alarming device |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
CN201920984127.XU CN209912115U (en) | 2019-06-27 | 2019-06-27 | Landslide monitoring and alarming device |
Publications (1)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
CN209912115U true CN209912115U (en) | 2020-01-07 |
Family
ID=69050549
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
CN201920984127.XU Active CN209912115U (en) | 2019-06-27 | 2019-06-27 | Landslide monitoring and alarming device |
Country Status (1)
Country | Link |
---|---|
CN (1) | CN209912115U (en) |
Cited By (3)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
CN113670182A (en) * | 2021-08-17 | 2021-11-19 | 中国地质大学(武汉) | Method, system and terminal for measuring landslide motion characteristic parameters of deep tunnel |
CN114017587A (en) * | 2021-10-13 | 2022-02-08 | 嘉兴贝睿材料科技有限公司 | Inclined anti-drop self-hanging support equipment |
CN117781818A (en) * | 2024-02-28 | 2024-03-29 | 中国电建集团西北勘测设计研究院有限公司 | Building vertical structure seam width change monitoring device and monitoring method thereof |
-
2019
- 2019-06-27 CN CN201920984127.XU patent/CN209912115U/en active Active
Cited By (4)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
CN113670182A (en) * | 2021-08-17 | 2021-11-19 | 中国地质大学(武汉) | Method, system and terminal for measuring landslide motion characteristic parameters of deep tunnel |
CN113670182B (en) * | 2021-08-17 | 2023-02-28 | 中国地质大学(武汉) | Method, system and terminal for measuring landslide motion characteristic parameters of deep tunnel |
CN114017587A (en) * | 2021-10-13 | 2022-02-08 | 嘉兴贝睿材料科技有限公司 | Inclined anti-drop self-hanging support equipment |
CN117781818A (en) * | 2024-02-28 | 2024-03-29 | 中国电建集团西北勘测设计研究院有限公司 | Building vertical structure seam width change monitoring device and monitoring method thereof |
Similar Documents
Publication | Publication Date | Title |
---|---|---|
CN209912115U (en) | Landslide monitoring and alarming device | |
CN209446243U (en) | A kind of middle-small span beam deflection real-time online high frequency monitoring device | |
CN106092036A (en) | A kind of formwork-support deformation remote real time monitoring system and method | |
CN101713167A (en) | Bridge structural health monitoring car | |
CN209279963U (en) | A kind of slope detection device | |
CN108827193A (en) | A kind of detection device for accurate detection template flatness | |
CN105880502A (en) | Device and method for detecting working state of nozzles in continuous-casting secondary cooling area in real time | |
CN116479952A (en) | Bridge foundation settlement deformation monitoring device and monitoring method | |
KR200450202Y1 (en) | Spin time test apparatus of turbine meter | |
CN203024763U (en) | Construction beam posture monitoring system | |
CN208420326U (en) | A kind of deflection of bridge span laser detector | |
CN110426296B (en) | Dynamic visual weld joint shear stress fatigue test device and method | |
JPH11280028A (en) | Display device for danger such as collapse of slope, and danger display and supervising device | |
CN210476697U (en) | Adjustable coupling centering and aligning device | |
CN209246926U (en) | A kind of compensation deflection indicator of support for shuttering steel pipe with warning function | |
CN105157673A (en) | Automatic measuring and alarming instrument for tunnel vault crown settlement and usage method | |
KR100522935B1 (en) | Instrumentation for the ground displacement and alarm system for wide area | |
CN112082527A (en) | Real-time monitoring system and monitoring method for riverbed erosion depth | |
CN214200066U (en) | Bridge support settlement monitoring device | |
CN214201786U (en) | Visual early warning device of construction machinery arm operation below high-voltage electrified body | |
CN214446498U (en) | Manipulator device for mounting sensor probe | |
CN219604353U (en) | Precast pile sinking straightness real-time supervision device that hangs down | |
CN219416038U (en) | Splice joint nondestructive monitoring device | |
CN221147826U (en) | Road and bridge vibrations monitoring alarm device | |
CN109238185A (en) | A kind of bridge pier real-time safety monitoring system and monitoring method |
Legal Events
Date | Code | Title | Description |
---|---|---|---|
GR01 | Patent grant | ||
GR01 | Patent grant |