CN209892208U

CN209892208U - Top digging machine for long-distance tunneling

Info

Publication number: CN209892208U
Application number: CN201920786772.0U
Authority: CN
Inventors: 程永亮; 彭正阳; 赵松华; 刘学; 张瑞临; 刘任丰; 马龙明; 申鹏飞; 陈亮
Original assignee: China Railway Construction Heavy Industry Group Co Ltd
Current assignee: China Railway Construction Heavy Industry Group Co Ltd
Priority date: 2019-05-28
Filing date: 2019-05-28
Publication date: 2020-01-03
Anticipated expiration: 2029-05-28

Abstract

The utility model discloses a machine is excavated on top for long distance tunnelling, include: the machine head is used for tunneling drilling and is provided with a cutter head and a main drive for driving the cutter head; the machine frame is provided with a main jacking device for pushing the machine head; the spiral sleeve device is used for supporting and discharging slag, the main top device is connected with the fixed part of the machine head through a plurality of spiral sleeve devices which are sequentially connected, the spiral sleeve device is detachably connected with the machine head and the main top device, and the spiral sleeve device is provided with a spiral driving device which is independent of a main drive of the cutter head and is used for discharging slag. This application sets up the structure into the removable sectional type structure of aircraft nose and spiral sleeve device through tunneling, and the spiral sleeve device that will be used for arranging the sediment is mutually independent with the drive of blade disc for the distance of tunnelling does not receive power device's restriction, enlarges the application scope of the length that the entry driving machine excavated.

Description

Top digging machine for long-distance tunneling

Technical Field

The utility model relates to a tunnel construction technical field, more specifically say, relate to a machine is dug on top for long distance tunnelling.

Background

The tunnel construction often meets the projects with very high construction efficiency requirements and long tunneling distances, such as coal mines or tunnel collapse rescue and the like.

At present, similar construction equipment in the market mainly comprises a mud-water/soil pressure balance push bench and a spiral push bench, but the equipment has a plurality of limitations at present. The muddy water/soil pressure balance push bench needs a plurality of auxiliary devices, occupies large space in the construction site, and has low construction efficiency. Although the spiral pipe jacking machine greatly improves the construction efficiency compared with a mud-water/earth pressure balance pipe jacking machine, in the existing spiral pipe jacking machine technology, main driving devices are arranged at a starting side, a central single main driving is adopted, and the driving mode determines that the equipment cannot realize long-distance tunneling.

With the continuous emergence of high-difficulty pipeline engineering, when the engineering that the requirement on tunneling efficiency is quite high, long-distance tunneling is required, the guiding and deviation correcting precision is high, rocks/large-particle-size rock formations exist and a receiving well is not provided is met, the existing top tunneling machine technology cannot be used.

In summary, how to provide a top excavator capable of being used for long-distance construction is a problem to be solved urgently by those skilled in the art.

SUMMERY OF THE UTILITY MODEL

In view of this, the utility model aims at providing a top machine of digging for long distance tunnelling, this top machine of digging can be used for long distance construction, can enlarge the application scope of entry driving machine.

In order to achieve the above object, the present invention provides the following technical solutions:

a top-driving machine for long haul roadheading, comprising:

the machine head is used for tunneling drilling and is provided with a cutter head and a main drive for driving the cutter head;

the machine frame is provided with a main jacking device used for pushing the machine head;

a spiral bushing apparatus for strutting and arrange sediment, main top device connects gradually through a plurality of spiral bushing apparatus connects the fixed part of aircraft nose, spiral bushing apparatus with the aircraft nose main top device can dismantle the connection, spiral bushing apparatus is equipped with independently from the main drive of blade disc is in order to realize arranging the spiral drive arrangement who arranges the sediment.

Preferably, the spiral casing device comprises a plurality of casing devices which are connected in sequence, a spiral driving shaft for driving material slag is arranged in each casing device, adjacent casings of the casing devices are detachably connected, adjacent spiral driving shafts are connected, and one of the spiral driving shafts is connected with the spiral driving device for driving the spiral driving shaft to rotate;

the screw driving shafts of the adjacent screw sleeve devices have a gap therebetween.

Preferably, the handpiece and the cannula device both comprise an inner cannula and an outer cannula arranged outside the inner cannula;

the spiral driving shaft is arranged in the inner sleeve of the machine head and the sleeve device, the spiral driving shaft is provided with spiral blades for driving material slag, and the spiral driving device is arranged between the inner sleeve and the outer sleeve;

the inner sleeve of the spiral sleeve device is detachably connected with the inner sleeve of the machine head, and the outer sleeve of the spiral sleeve device is detachably connected with the outer sleeve of the machine head.

Preferably, the main drive includes the motor, with the speed reducer that the motor is connected and with the gear that the output of speed reducer is connected, the main part of speed reducer is fixed the outside of the interior sleeve pipe of aircraft nose, the gear with the input of the spiral drive axle of aircraft nose is connected, is used for the drive the spiral drive axle of aircraft nose is in order to drive the cutter head rotates.

Preferably, the spiral driving shaft of the machine head is provided with a fixed cutter disk part, and the periphery of the fixed cutter disk part is hinged with a foldable cutter disk part which can be folded towards the tunneling direction;

the outer sleeve of the machine head is provided with a limiting part for pushing the foldable cutter head part to fold when the spiral driving shaft drives the cutter head to retreat, so that the cutter head retracts into the outer sleeve.

Preferably, the outer sleeve and the inner sleeve are connected through an anti-twisting device so as to limit circumferential relative rotation of the outer sleeve and the inner sleeve.

Preferably, the outer sleeve is provided with an axially extending protrusion, and the inner sleeve is provided with a groove which is matched and inserted with the protrusion to limit circumferential rotation.

Preferably, the inner sleeve comprises a first inner sleeve and a second inner sleeve which are arranged in a butt joint mode, and the first inner sleeve and the second inner sleeve are connected through a deviation rectifying oil cylinder for axial deviation rectifying or radial deviation rectifying.

Preferably, the method further comprises the following steps:

the scale plate is arranged on the machine head and is positioned between the outer sleeve and the inner sleeve of the machine head;

and the laser is used for measuring the scale plate to obtain the posture of the machine head and is arranged on the machine frame.

Preferably, the frame is provided with a counterforce device for providing counterforce for the main roof device;

and/or the rack is provided with a hoisting device for hoisting the spiral casing device when the spiral casing device is disassembled and assembled.

The utility model provides a machine is dug on top is including the aircraft nose that is equipped with the blade disc, be equipped with the frame of main top device and the spiral sleeve device who is used for connecting aircraft nose and main top device, and spiral sleeve device can dismantle with aircraft nose, main top device and be connected, and a plurality of spiral sleeve device connects gradually, forms a driving chain that is used for transmitting the driving force of main top device for the aircraft nose, and the quantity of spiral sleeve device can be through dismantling the adjustment to the degree of depth that the adjustment aircraft nose stretched into to the tunnelling position. The spiral sleeve device is provided with a spiral driving device for discharging slag, and the spiral driving device is independent of the main drive of the cutter head so as to avoid insufficient power or limitation on the tunneling distance caused by the driving of the whole body by a single driving device.

Compared with the prior art, the driving power to the cutterhead is adjusted to the cutterhead extending into the side from the starting side of the main jacking device, and the spiral driving device for controlling slag discharge is independent of a driver of the movement of the cutterhead, so that the limitation of the driving force to the tunneling distance in the tunneling process is solved.

The top excavator provided by the application sets up the tunneling structure into a detachable sectional type structure comprising a machine head and a spiral sleeve device, and sets the spiral sleeve device for discharging slag and the driving of a cutter head independently, so that the tunneling distance is not limited by a power device, the tunneling operation at a longer distance can be realized, and the application range of the tunneling length of the excavator is enlarged.

Drawings

In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings required to be used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly described below, it is obvious that the drawings in the following description are only embodiments of the present invention, and for those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained according to the provided drawings without creative efforts.

Fig. 1 is a front sectional view of a top excavator for long-distance tunneling provided by the present invention;

fig. 2 is a front sectional view of the cutter head provided by the present invention;

fig. 3 is a side view of a cutter head provided by the present invention;

FIG. 4 is a front cross-sectional view of a handpiece provided by the present invention;

fig. 5 is a cross-sectional view of a screw sleeve device without a driving device provided by the present invention;

FIG. 6 is a side cross-sectional view of a spiral casing device without a drive device according to the present invention;

fig. 7 is a cross-sectional view of a spiral casing device including a driving device according to the present invention;

FIG. 8 is a schematic illustration of a construction preparation phase;

figure 9 is a schematic view of the beginning of the tunnelling phase;

fig. 10 is a schematic view of the device for hoisting the next section of spiral casing.

In FIGS. 1-10:

the cutter comprises a cutter head 1, a fixed cutter head part 1-1 and a foldable cutter head part 1-2;

the device comprises a main drive 2, a motor 2-1, a speed reducer 2-2, a gear 2-3 and a bearing 2-4;

the device comprises a spiral sleeve device 3, an inner sleeve 3-1, an outer sleeve 3-2, a spiral driving shaft 3-3, an anti-twisting device 3-4 and a spiral driving device 3-5;

the device comprises a deviation rectifying oil cylinder 4, a measuring device 5, a frame 6, a main jacking device 7, a counterforce device 8 and a hoisting device 9; a casing device M without screw drive, a casing device N with screw drive and a nose P.

Detailed Description

The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be described clearly and completely with reference to the accompanying drawings in the embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments in the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by a person skilled in the art without creative work belong to the protection scope of the present invention.

The core of the utility model is to provide a machine is dug on top for long distance tunnelling, this machine is dug on top can be used for long distance construction, can enlarge the application scope of entry driving machine.

Referring to fig. 1 to 10, fig. 1 is a front sectional view of a top excavator for long distance tunneling according to the present invention; fig. 2 is a front sectional view of the cutter head provided by the present invention; fig. 3 is a side view of a cutter head provided by the present invention; FIG. 4 is a front cross-sectional view of a handpiece provided by the present invention; fig. 5 is a cross-sectional view of a screw sleeve device without a driving device provided by the present invention; FIG. 6 is a side cross-sectional view of a spiral casing device without a drive device according to the present invention; fig. 7 is a cross-sectional view of a spiral casing device including a driving device according to the present invention; FIG. 8 is a schematic illustration of a construction preparation phase; figure 9 is a schematic view of the beginning of the tunnelling phase; fig. 10 is a schematic view of the device for hoisting the next section of spiral casing.

The application provides a top machine of digging for long distance tunnelling, structurally mainly includes: a machine head for tunneling drilling, a frame 6 and a spiral casing device 3 for supporting and deslagging.

The machine head is provided with a cutter head 1 and a main drive 2 for driving the cutter head 1;

a main jacking device 7 for pushing the machine head is arranged on the frame 6;

the main jacking device 7 is connected with the fixed part of the machine head through a plurality of spiral sleeve devices 3 which are sequentially connected, the spiral sleeve devices 3 are detachably connected with the machine head and the main jacking device 7, and the spiral sleeve devices 3 are provided with spiral driving devices 3-5 which are independent of the main drive 2 of the cutter head 1 to realize slag discharge.

It should be noted that, the frame 6 in the present application is a frame with an integral structure, and may be a frame with multiple materials or structures in the technology, and is mainly used for placing the main jacking device 7 for pushing the machine head to operate, and the driving device 7 in the prior art may be a power mechanism such as an air cylinder, a hydraulic cylinder, and the like.

The machine head comprises a main drive 2, and the main drive 2 is connected with the cutter head 1 and is used for driving the cutter head 1 to carry out tunneling operation. The main drive 2 is connected with a control system, the control system is a central control system of the top excavator, and the operation of the cutter head 1 is controlled by controlling the operation of the main drive 2.

The output end of the main jacking device 7 is connected with the machine head through the spiral casing device 3, namely, the machine head is pushed to move towards the tunneling direction by pushing the spiral casing device 3. The spiral casing device 3 is provided with a spiral driving device for realizing the pushing action on the slag through the rotating action of the spiral blades or the spiral rod pieces so as to realize slag discharge, and the same as the slag discharge mode in the prior art, the spiral casing device 3 is a spiral conveying device, namely, the spiral conveying device is arranged behind the cutter head 1 so as to discharge slag through the spiral conveying device.

The main difference point lies in that, for dismantling the connection between main top device 7, spiral sleeve device 3 and the aircraft nose, and spiral sleeve device 3's power and cutter head 1's power is relatively independent, that is to say, can be through the mode of addding spiral delivery mechanism between main top device 7 and aircraft nose, when constantly stretching into the tunnelling direction, guarantee that the position of main top device does not change, the aircraft nose can constantly stretch into simultaneously, realizes the long distance tunnelling.

Wherein, the main top device 7 is connected with a spiral casing device 3 or a chain of spiral casing devices formed by connecting a plurality of spiral casing devices.

Compared with the prior art, the driving power of the cutter head 1 is adjusted to the extending side from the starting side of the main jacking device 7, and the spiral driving device 3 for controlling slag discharge is independent of the main driving 2 for the movement of the cutter head 1, so that the limitation of the driving force on the tunneling distance in the tunneling process is solved.

The top excavator provided by the application sets up the tunneling structure into a detachable sectional type structure comprising a machine head and a spiral sleeve device 3, and the spiral sleeve device 3 used for discharging slag and the cutter head 1 are driven to be arranged independently, so that the tunneling distance is not limited by a power device, the tunneling operation with a longer distance can be realized, and the application range of the tunneling length of the excavator is expanded.

On the basis of the above embodiment, the spiral casing device 3 comprises a plurality of casing devices which are connected in sequence, each casing device is provided with a spiral driving shaft 3-3 for driving material slag, the casings of the adjacent casing devices are detachably connected, the adjacent spiral driving shafts 3-3 are connected, and one spiral driving shaft 3-3 is connected with a spiral driving device 3-5 for driving the spiral driving shaft 3-3 to rotate;

the screw drive shafts 3-3 of adjacent screw sleeve devices 3 have a gap therebetween.

It should be noted that the spiral casing device 3 may have a plurality of casing devices connected end to end in sequence to form a linear spiral casing device 3, and the plurality of casing devices are detachably connected to each other, so that the length of the spiral casing device 3 can be changed. The sleeve device is provided with a spiral driving shaft 3-3, and the spiral driving shaft is provided with a right spiral blade or other spiral structures for conveying slag.

The fixing parts of the adjacent sleeve devices are detachably connected, the screw driving shafts of the adjacent sleeve devices are also detachably connected, and the two sleeve devices can be driven in a connected state. At least one screw driving shaft 3-3 in one screw sleeve device 3 is provided with a screw driving device 3-5 for providing power, if two or more screw driving devices 3-5 are provided, synchronous driving needs to be ensured so as to avoid interference.

It should be noted that the screw driving device 3-5 in the casing device is used for driving the screw driving shaft 3-3 to rotate to realize the discharge, which is not related to the tunneling, of course, the discharge should be performed at the same time of tunneling, and it is only for explaining that the tunneling power of the cutterhead 1 is independent and non-interference with the driving power of the screw driving device 3-5.

In addition, the screw driving shafts 3-3 of adjacent screw sleeve devices 3 are not connected, and reference can be made to the attached figure 8 in the specification, wherein the screw driving shafts 3-3 of different screw sleeve devices 3 are provided with gaps in the axial direction. The spiral driving devices 3-5 of all the spiral casing pipe devices 3 are respectively connected with a control system of the top excavator so as to realize uniform control during excavation.

According to the top excavator provided by the embodiment, the spiral sleeve devices 3 and the machine head are respectively provided with the spiral driving shafts 3-3, and the driving control is realized through the corresponding power devices, so that the spiral sleeve devices 3 and the machine head are not interfered, and the spiral driving shafts 3-3 between the adjacent spiral sleeve devices 3 are respectively driven and do not interfere with each other, so that the stable slag discharging operation can be ensured.

On the basis of the above embodiment, the machine head and the sleeve device both comprise an inner sleeve 3-1 and an outer sleeve 3-2 arranged outside the inner sleeve 3-1;

a spiral driving shaft 3-3 is arranged in an inner sleeve 3-1 of the machine head and the sleeve device, spiral blades for driving material slag are arranged on the spiral driving shaft 3-3, and a spiral driving device 3-5 is arranged between the inner sleeve 3-1 and the outer sleeve 3-2;

an inner sleeve 3-1 of the spiral sleeve device 3 is detachably connected with an inner sleeve of the machine head, and an outer sleeve 3-2 of the spiral sleeve device 3 is detachably connected with an outer sleeve of the machine head.

It should be noted that the handpiece comprises an inner sleeve 3-1 and an outer sleeve 3-2 which are nested, the screw driving shaft 3-3 is arranged inside the inner sleeve 3-1, the inner sleeve 3-1 and the screw driving shaft 3-3 can be fixed in the axial direction by a fixing device, and the screw driving shaft 3-3 is provided with a helical blade.

Similarly, the sleeve device also comprises a group of inner sleeves 3-1 and outer sleeves 3-2 which are nested, the spiral driving shafts 3-3 are arranged inside the inner sleeves 3-1, the inner sleeves 3-1 and the spiral driving shafts 3-3 can be fixed in the axial direction through fixing devices, and spiral blades are arranged on the spiral driving shafts 3-3.

For adjacent sleeve devices, the inner sleeves 3-1 of the two are connected with each other, and the outer sleeves 3-2 of the two are connected with each other to form a complete inner and outer sleeve structure.

In the embodiment, an inner sleeve pipe structure and an outer sleeve pipe structure are arranged, the inner sleeve pipe and the outer sleeve pipe are nested to form an inner space and an outer space, the inner area of the inner sleeve pipe 3-1 is used for arranging the spiral driving shaft 3-3, and the spiral driving device 3-5 used for driving the spiral driving shaft 3-3 to rotate is arranged between the inner sleeve pipe 3-1 and the outer sleeve pipe 3-2, so that the occupied space of the middle spiral driving shaft 3-3 can be avoided on one hand, and the maintenance and adjustment are facilitated on the other hand.

The main drive 2 can be in various structures or types, and on the basis of the above embodiment, the main drive 2 comprises a motor 2-1, a speed reducer 2-2 connected with the motor 2-1, and a gear 2-3 connected with an output end of the speed reducer 2-2, a main body of the speed reducer 2-2 is fixed outside an inner sleeve of the nose, and the gear 2-3 is connected with an input end of a spiral drive shaft 3-3 of the nose and used for driving the spiral drive shaft 3-3 of the nose to drive the cutter head 1 to rotate.

It should be noted that the main drive 2 is arranged outside the inner jacket tube 3-1, so that it can be moved out with the inner jacket tube 3-1 at the time of withdrawal. The main drive 2 is used for driving the spiral driving shaft 3-3 to rotate, so that the gear 2-3 on the output end of the main drive 2 is in meshing transmission with the gear on the spiral driving shaft 3-3, the power source of the main drive 2 is a motor 2-1, the motor 2-1 is connected with a speed reducer 2-2, and the output end of the speed reducer is connected with the gear 2-3, so that the power drive of the gear 2-3 is realized.

Optionally, the inner sleeve 3-1 is provided with a bearing 2-4, and the gear 2-3 is arranged on the bearing 2-4.

On the basis of the embodiment, a spiral driving shaft 3-3 of the machine head is provided with a fixed cutter disk part 1-1, and the periphery of the fixed cutter disk part 1-1 is hinged with a foldable cutter disk part 1-2 which can be folded towards the tunneling direction;

the outer sleeve 3-2 of the machine head is provided with a limiting part which is used for pushing the foldable cutter head 1 part to fold when the spiral driving shaft 3-3 drives the cutter head 1 to retreat so as to enable the cutter head 1 to retract into the outer sleeve.

It should be noted that the fixed cutter unit 1-1 is connected to the screw driving shaft 3-3, and when the screw driving shaft 3-3 rotates, can drive the fixed cutter disk part 1-1 to rotate, the fixed cutter disk part 1-1 is hinged with the foldable cutter disk part 1-2, the foldable cutter disk part 1-2 is parallel or coplanar with the fixed cutter disk part 1-1 in a tunneling state, so that the two can carry out tunneling operation simultaneously, the foldable cutter head part 1-2 can also rotate towards the tunneling direction, the outer diameter of the rotated foldable cutter head part 1-2 is smaller than that of the outer sleeve 3-2, so that the cutter head 1 can exit along the circumferential direction, the limiting part is used for limiting the axial movement of the cutter head 1 in the process of exiting outwards, pushing of the foldable cutterhead part 1-2 of the cutterhead 1 is formed so that the foldable cutterhead part 1-2 can be retracted.

Optionally, the limiting part is in a wedge-shaped structure or has a ring-shaped structure coplanar with the outer sleeve 3-2 so as to push the foldable cutter part 1-2.

The cutter head 1 provided by the embodiment comprises a fixed cutter head part 1-1 and a foldable cutter head part 1-2, wherein the excavation diameter of the fixed cutter head part is smaller than the inner diameter of a cavity of an outer sleeve 3-2 of a machine head, and the excavation diameter of the foldable cutter head part 1-2 is larger than the outer diameter of the outer sleeve. The knife beam of the foldable knife disk part 1-2 can rotate forwards around the central rotating shaft of the spiral driving shaft 3-3. When the cutter head 1 retracts, the foldable part of the cutter head 1 can automatically rotate and fold by means of the counterforce of the outer sleeve 3-2, and after the cutter head 1 rotates in place, the cross section of the whole cutter head 1 is located within the inner diameter range of the central cavity of the outer sleeve, so that the cutter head can retract along with the spiral driving shaft 3-3.

Optionally, a hob is arranged on the cutter head 1, so that the rock breaking effect is achieved, and the rock breaking device can adapt to tunneling in rock stratums. The cutter head has a large opening rate, and the requirement of discharging large-particle-size rock blocks is met.

On the basis of the above embodiment, the outer sleeve 3-2 and the inner sleeve 3-1 are connected through an anti-twisting device 3-4 to limit the circumferential relative rotation of the two.

Optionally, the outer sleeve 3-2 is provided with an axially extending protrusion, and the inner sleeve 3-1 is provided with a groove which is inserted in cooperation with the protrusion to limit circumferential rotation.

Optionally, the anti-twisting device may also be a device for preventing axial movement, and may also be implemented by arranging an air cylinder and a hydraulic cylinder.

In the prior art, the top excavator head cannot realize guiding and deviation rectifying, and the tunnel construction precision is very low.

In a specific embodiment of the present application, the inner sleeve 3-1 includes a first inner sleeve and a second inner sleeve which are butt-jointed, and the first inner sleeve and the second inner sleeve are connected through a deviation-correcting cylinder 4 for axial deviation correction or radial deviation correction.

Referring to fig. 4, the inner sleeve 3-1 is divided into a first inner sleeve of the left section and a second inner sleeve of the right section, which are respectively used to connect the other inner sleeve on the left side and the other inner sleeve on the right side. The first inner sleeve and the second inner sleeve are in butt joint connection or are in sleeve joint connection with corresponding end portions, and the first inner sleeve and the second inner sleeve are further connected through the deviation rectifying oil cylinder 4 so as to be adjusted and controlled in the axial direction or the radial direction.

On the basis of any one of the above embodiments, the method further comprises the following steps:

the scale plate is arranged on the machine head and is positioned between the outer sleeve 3-2 and the inner sleeve 3-1 of the machine head;

and the laser is used for measuring the scale plate to obtain the posture of the machine head and is arranged on the machine frame 6.

It should be noted that the mode that the machine head is provided with the scale plate and the machine frame (main jacking device) is provided with the laser device can be reversed, that is, the scale plate is arranged on the main jacking device, and the laser device is arranged on the machine head, so that the position detection can be realized similarly.

Optionally, the laser may be connected to a control system so as to send the measurement result to the control system, and the control system may control the deviation rectifying cylinder through the measurement result.

On the basis of any of the above embodiments, the frame 6 is provided with a counter-force device 8 for providing a counter-force to the main roof device 7;

and/or the frame 6 is provided with a hoisting device for hoisting the spiral casing device 3 when the spiral casing device 3 is dismounted.

The reaction force device 8 may be a device having an active movement or an active urging function, or may be an inherent structure provided in the frame, and may be fixed to the frame or may be provided in the frame in consideration of the need for fixing the main ram, and one of both ends that move relative to each other at the time of power output is connected to the reaction force device 8, thereby realizing the movement in the output direction.

In one embodiment provided herein, the spiral sleeve device includes two types of sleeve devices.

The first screw-free driving device 3-5 comprises an outer sleeve 3-2, an inner sleeve 3-1, a screw shaft 3-3 and the like;

the second type comprises a driving device, which comprises an outer sleeve 3-2, an inner sleeve 3-1, a spiral driving shaft 3-3 and a spiral driving device 3-5, wherein the form of the spiral driving device 3-5 is consistent with that of a main driving device 2 of the machine head.

The inner sleeve and the outer sleeve of the machine head or the inner sleeve and the outer sleeve of the sleeve device can be connected through the anti-twisting device 3-4, the anti-twisting device 3-4 provides reaction torque for driving, the adjacent outer sleeves 3-2 can be connected through the torsion plugs, and the adjacent inner sleeves are connected through the bolts.

The structure of the inner and outer sleeves can realize the construction mode which can be retracted, and when retracted, the internal equipment of the outer sleeve can be retracted from the inside of the outer sleeve along with the inner sleeve. The spiral driving shaft consists of a shaft and blades arranged on the shaft, meets the slag discharge requirement of the rock blocks with large particle sizes, can be connected by adopting a hexagonal head or an octagonal head, and meets the requirement of quick disassembly. Every several meters are formed into one section, and every section is equipped with a screw driving device 3-5, and can implement relay driving. The spiral driving shafts 3-3 between different spiral casing devices 3 are not connected so as to realize the staggered front and back in the axial direction and prevent the spiral driving shafts 3-3 from being broken due to uneven torsion, and the relay driving mode is matched with the arrangement of the inner casing and the outer casing so as to enable long-distance tunneling.

The application provides a use mode of a top excavator as follows:

construction preparation: referring to fig. 8, a top excavator is assembled and debugged in the originating side where the main top device is located, so that the top excavator has originating conditions;

beginning tunneling: referring to fig. 9, a top excavator performs tunneling, a main drive 2 of a machine head P drives a cutter head 1 to rotationally excavate soil, and residue soil is discharged through a spiral drive shaft 3-3 in a main machine, some spiral casing devices are connected with the main machine, and the subsequent spiral casing devices 3 discharge the residue soil in a relay manner;

and hoisting the next section of the spiral casing device 3, connecting the next section of the spiral casing device to the tail part of the previous section of the spiral casing device, connecting the spiral casing device with the main jacking device 7, reciprocating in the way, and continuously excavating to a preset position. After the first section of tunneling is finished, the next section of spiral casing device 3 is hoisted continuously, the casing device N provided with the spiral driving device 3-5 is hoisted at first, the outer casing 3-2 and the inner casing 3-1 are connected with the casing of the front section, the spiral driving shaft is ensured to be disconnected with the spiral shaft of the front section and separated by a distance, and the spiral shaft is prevented from being twisted off due to uneven front and back driving force. And continuously hoisting the casing device M without screw drive, and tunneling and adjusting according to the mode.

According to the actual engineering situation, every several meters is provided with 1 spiral casing device 3 with a driving device. The steps are repeated until the tunneling is carried out to the preset position shown in the figure 10;

equipment rollback and tunnel forming: the internal equipment of the outer sleeve 3-2 can be completely retracted, and in the retraction process, the foldable cutter disc part 1-2 of the cutter disc 1 is folded forwards under the action of the outer sleeve 3-2, so that the cross section of the cutter disc 1 is positioned in the inner diameter range of the outer sleeve 3-2, and the cutter disc can be retracted integrally along with the host. It is worth proposing that when an obstacle is encountered in the tunneling process, the main machine can also be retracted, and after the obstacle is processed, the main machine is sent into the hole again for construction.

The top excavator provided by the application adopts a peripheral driving mode outside the inner sleeve pipe to realize relay driving, so that long-distance tunneling becomes possible;

the machine head adopts a deviation rectifying oil cylinder to realize high-precision guiding and deviation rectifying; in addition, the foldable large-aperture-ratio composite cutter head can be adopted, and a large-aperture spiral slag discharging form is adopted, so that the method can adapt to strata such as rocks/large-aperture rocks and the like, the construction efficiency is greatly improved, and the construction cost is reduced;

the foldable cutter head part 1-2 and the inner sleeve and the outer sleeve are designed, so that the retractable construction of the top excavator is realized, when an obstacle is encountered in the excavating process, the main machine can be retracted, and after the obstacle is treated, the main machine is conveyed into the hole again for construction.

The method enriches the operation possibility of long-distance construction, and provides various operation possibilities for tunneling operation.

Except for the structure and the connection relationship of the top excavator for long-distance tunneling disclosed in the above embodiments, please refer to the prior art for the structure of other parts of the top excavator, and details are not described herein.

The embodiments in the present description are described in a progressive manner, each embodiment focuses on differences from other embodiments, and the same and similar parts among the embodiments are referred to each other.

It is right above that the utility model provides a machine is excavated on top introduces in detail. The principles and embodiments of the present invention have been explained herein using specific examples, and the above descriptions of the embodiments are only used to help understand the method and its core ideas of the present invention. It should be noted that, for those skilled in the art, without departing from the principle of the present invention, the present invention can be further modified and modified, and such modifications and modifications also fall within the protection scope of the appended claims.

Claims

1. A top-driving machine for long distance driving, comprising:

the machine head is used for tunneling drilling and is provided with a cutter head (1) and a main drive (2) for driving the cutter head (1);

the machine head pushing device comprises a machine frame (6), wherein a main jacking device (7) used for pushing the machine head is arranged on the machine frame (6);

a spiral shell tubular device (3) for strutting and arrange sediment, main top device (7) connect gradually through a plurality of spiral shell tubular device (3) are connected the fixed part of aircraft nose, spiral shell tubular device (3) with the aircraft nose main top device (7) can be dismantled and be connected, spiral shell tubular device (3) are equipped with independently from spiral drive arrangement (3-5) of row sediment are in order to realize in main drive (2) of blade disc (1).

2. A top-driving machine for long-distance excavation according to claim 1, characterized in that the spiral casing pipe device (3) comprises a plurality of casing pipe devices connected in sequence, a spiral driving shaft (3-3) for transmitting slag is arranged in the casing pipe device, the casings of the adjacent casing pipe devices are detachably connected, the adjacent spiral driving shafts (3-3) are connected, one of the spiral driving shafts (3-3) is connected with the spiral driving device (3-5) for driving the spiral driving shaft (3-3) to rotate;

the screw drive shafts (3-3) of adjacent screw sleeve devices (3) have a gap therebetween.

3. A top-driving machine for long-haul excavation according to claim 2, characterized in that the head and the casing device each comprise an inner casing (3-1) and an outer casing (3-2) arranged outside the inner casing (3-1);

the spiral driving shafts (3-3) are arranged in the machine head and the inner sleeves (3-1) of the sleeve devices, spiral blades for driving material slag are arranged on the spiral driving shafts (3-3), and the spiral driving devices (3-5) are arranged between the inner sleeves (3-1) and the outer sleeves (3-2);

an inner sleeve (3-1) of the spiral sleeve device (3) is detachably connected with an inner sleeve of the machine head, and an outer sleeve (3-2) of the spiral sleeve device (3) is detachably connected with an outer sleeve of the machine head.

4. The top excavator for long-distance excavation according to claim 3, characterized in that the main drive (2) comprises a motor (2-1), a speed reducer (2-2) connected with the motor (2-1), and a gear (2-3) connected with an output end of the speed reducer (2-2), a main body of the speed reducer (2-2) is fixed outside an inner sleeve (3-1) of the machine head, and the gear (2-3) is connected with an input end of a spiral drive shaft (3-3) of the machine head for driving the spiral drive shaft (3-3) of the machine head to rotate the cutter head (1).

5. A top-driving machine for long-distance excavation according to claim 3, characterized in that the screw driving shaft of the machine head is provided with a fixed cutter disc part (1-1), the periphery of the fixed cutter disc part (1-1) is hinged with a foldable cutter disc part (1-2) which can be folded towards the excavation direction;

the outer sleeve (3-2) of the machine head is provided with a limiting part, and the limiting part is used for pushing the foldable cutter head (1) part to be folded when the spiral driving shaft (3-3) drives the cutter head (1) to retreat, so that the cutter head (1) retracts into the outer sleeve.

6. A top-driving machine for long-reach tunnelling according to claim 3, characterised in that the outer casing (3-2) and the inner casing (3-1) are connected by a torque-proof device (3-4) to limit the circumferential relative rotation of the two.

7. A top-driving machine for long-reach driving according to claim 6, characterized in that the outer casing (3-2) is provided with axially extending protrusions, and the inner casing (3-1) is provided with grooves which are engaged with the protrusions to limit circumferential rotation.

8. A top-driving machine for long-distance driving according to claim 3, characterized in that the inner sleeves (3-1) comprise a first inner sleeve and a second inner sleeve which are arranged in a butt joint mode, and the first inner sleeve and the second inner sleeve are connected through a deviation-correcting oil cylinder (4) for axial deviation correction or radial deviation correction.

9. The top-driving machine for long-distance tunneling according to claim 8, further comprising:

the scale plate is arranged on the machine head and is positioned between the outer sleeve (3-2) and the inner sleeve (3-1) of the machine head;

and the laser is used for measuring the scale plate to obtain the posture of the machine head and is arranged on the machine frame (6).

10. A top-driving machine for long haul excavation according to any of claims 1 to 9, characterized in that the frame (6) is provided with a counterforce (8) for providing a counterforce to the main roof device (7);

and/or the rack (6) is provided with a hoisting device for hoisting the spiral casing device (3) when the spiral casing device (3) is disassembled and assembled.