CN209836778U - Light bridge abutment - Google Patents
Light bridge abutment Download PDFInfo
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- CN209836778U CN209836778U CN201920174814.5U CN201920174814U CN209836778U CN 209836778 U CN209836778 U CN 209836778U CN 201920174814 U CN201920174814 U CN 201920174814U CN 209836778 U CN209836778 U CN 209836778U
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- 239000011150 reinforced concrete Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 15
- 230000002787 reinforcement Effects 0.000 claims description 55
- 239000002689 soil Substances 0.000 claims description 20
- 239000004575 stone Substances 0.000 claims description 8
- 229910000831 Steel Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000010959 steel Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 230000007613 environmental effect Effects 0.000 abstract description 3
- 238000004364 calculation method Methods 0.000 abstract description 2
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 abstract description 2
- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 description 8
- 238000009412 basement excavation Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000005484 gravity Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000004567 concrete Substances 0.000 description 1
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Abstract
Description
技术领域technical field
本实用新型涉及桥梁领域,具体涉及一种轻型桥台。The utility model relates to the field of bridges, in particular to a light abutment.
背景技术Background technique
随着我国国家高速公路网规划的实施及完善,目前山区高速公路建设项目越来越多。由于山区地形陡峻,桥台往往设置于较陡的路堑边坡上,这些位置地质条件复杂多样,使得山区桥台设计成为桥梁设计的重点。With the implementation and improvement of my country's national expressway network planning, there are more and more mountainous expressway construction projects. Due to the steep terrain in mountainous areas, abutments are often set on steep cutting slopes. The geological conditions of these locations are complex and diverse, making the design of abutments in mountainous areas the focus of bridge design.
桥台是桥梁的重要组成部分,它除了支撑桥跨结构外,还有衔接两岸道路的作用,既要能挡土护岸又要承受台后填土压力及车辆荷载产生的附加土侧压力。因此,不仅要求桥台本身具有足够的强度、刚度和稳定性,而且对地基的承载力、沉降量、地基与基础之间的摩阻力等也有一定的要求。The abutment is an important part of the bridge. In addition to supporting the bridge span structure, it also has the function of connecting the roads on both sides. It must not only retain the soil and revetment, but also bear the pressure of the filling soil behind the abutment and the additional soil lateral pressure generated by the vehicle load. Therefore, not only the abutment itself is required to have sufficient strength, stiffness and stability, but also the bearing capacity of the foundation, settlement, and the frictional resistance between the foundation and the foundation are also required.
目前山区高速公路建设中常用的桥台形式主要为重力式U形桥台、桩柱式桥台以及肋板台。At present, the abutment forms commonly used in the construction of mountainous expressways are mainly gravity U-shaped abutment, pile abutment and rib abutment.
重力式U形桥台主要缺点有:1)桥台体积与自重较大;2)桥台一般采用大体积的浆砌片石或片石砼,施工质量较难控制。3)随着桥台高度增加,对桥址区承载力要求也较高,适用于地基承载力较大,填土高度8-10米以下大中桥梁;4)当桥台处于纵横坡度较陡的地方,为了保证基础的安全距离,防止基础脱空,一般会将基础埋置较深,将桥台设计得较高,使得桥台处开挖量大大增加,形成较高的边坡,从而增加防护工程量。The main disadvantages of the gravity U-shaped abutment are: 1) the volume and self-weight of the abutment are large; 2) the abutment generally adopts large-volume grouted rubble or rubble concrete, and the construction quality is difficult to control. 3) As the height of the abutment increases, the requirements for the bearing capacity of the bridge site area are also higher, which is suitable for large and medium-sized bridges with a large foundation bearing capacity and a filling height of 8-10 meters; 4) When the abutment is on a steep vertical and horizontal slope In some places, in order to ensure the safe distance of the foundation and prevent the foundation from falling out, the foundation is generally buried deeper and the abutment is designed higher, which greatly increases the excavation volume at the abutment and forms a higher slope, thus Increase the amount of protection works.
传统的桩柱式桥台以及肋板台主要缺点是桥台前需设置锥坡,特别是在山区公路上,坡面陡峭、地形复杂导致桥台锥坡体量较大,如果锥坡坡率与原始地面坡率接近,锥坡设置困难,锥坡无法施工压实,对地形的改造较大,对环境破坏也较大;或者深入挖方造成边跨浪费,且容易引发边坡失稳等次生灾害等。The main disadvantage of traditional piled abutments and ribbed abutments is that a conical slope needs to be set in front of the abutment, especially on mountainous roads. The steep slope and complex terrain lead to a large volume of abutment conical slope. The slope ratio is close to that of the original ground, and it is difficult to set up the conical slope. The conical slope cannot be constructed and compacted, and the transformation of the terrain is relatively large, and the damage to the environment is also large; or the side span is wasted due to deep excavation, and it is easy to cause slope instability, etc. Disaster etc.
重力式U形桥台通常需要对山体有较大的开挖,对山区的植被有很大程度的破坏。桩柱式桥台以及肋板台通常需要设置锥坡来保护桥台结构的稳定,大体量的桥台锥坡对山区环境和地表植被的破坏同样巨大。不符合“资源节约型社会、环境型友好型社会”两型社会的核心建设理念。Gravity-type U-shaped abutments usually require large excavations on the mountain, which will greatly damage the vegetation in the mountainous area. Pile-type abutments and ribbed abutments usually require conical slopes to protect the stability of the abutment structure. Large-scale abutment conical slopes also cause great damage to the mountainous environment and surface vegetation. It does not conform to the core construction concept of "resource-saving society and environment-friendly society".
以前设计或者建造的桩柱式桥台,耳墙一般设计为梯形,常常需要借助大体量锥坡来保证桥台结构的整体稳定性,在山区人工构造的锥坡严重破坏了桥台周边的生态环境。In the pile-type abutments previously designed or built, the ear walls are generally designed in a trapezoidal shape, often requiring the use of large-scale conical slopes to ensure the overall stability of the abutment structure. The artificially constructed conical slopes in mountainous areas have seriously damaged the ecology around the abutment surroundings.
综上,亟需一种设计简单、自重较轻、质量可控、施工便利且在建造时不需要大面积破坏生态的(不需要设置锥坡或开挖山体等严重影响环境的现象)用于山区的桥台。In summary, there is an urgent need for a design that is simple in design, light in weight, controllable in quality, convenient in construction, and does not require large-scale ecological damage during construction (no need to set up cone slopes or excavate mountains and other phenomena that seriously affect the environment) for use in Abutments in the mountains.
实用新型内容Utility model content
针对现有技术中存在的缺陷,本实用新型的目的在于提供一种设计简单、质量相对轻型、建造容易的具有矩形耳墙的轻型桥台,以克服上述现有的山区中的桥台在建造时,需要构建锥坡或开挖山体等严重破坏桥台周边的生态的问题,以及传统的桥台的耳墙设计为梯形形造成挡土能力非常有限问题。Aiming at the defects in the prior art, the purpose of this utility model is to provide a lightweight abutment with rectangular ear walls, which is simple in design, relatively light in weight, and easy to construct, so as to overcome the above-mentioned existing abutments in mountainous areas. At the same time, it is necessary to build a conical slope or excavate the mountain, which seriously damages the ecology around the abutment, and the ear wall of the traditional abutment is designed to be trapezoidal, resulting in a very limited soil retaining capacity.
为达到以上目的,本实用新型采取的技术方案是:For achieving above object, the technical scheme that the utility model takes is:
一种轻型桥台,用于支承桥梁上部结构的荷载,其特征在于,包括:A light abutment for supporting the load of the bridge superstructure, characterized in that it includes:
至少2根桩基,桩基的一端设置在土层中;以及At least 2 pile foundations, one end of which is set in the soil layer; and
盖梁,设置在桩基上,用于支承桥梁上部结构的荷载,盖梁上设置至少2个支座垫石;The cover beam is arranged on the pile foundation to support the load of the bridge superstructure, and at least 2 support pad stones are arranged on the cover beam;
其中,桩基以及盖梁均为内设钢筋笼的钢筋混凝土结构,且桩基的钢筋笼以及盖梁的钢筋笼形成一体化结构。Wherein, the pile foundation and the cover beam are both reinforced concrete structures with reinforcement cages inside, and the reinforcement cage of the pile foundation and the reinforcement cage of the cover beam form an integrated structure.
在上述方案的基础上:其中,桩基的主要受力钢筋为竖直方向设置,盖梁的主要受力钢筋为水平方向设置。On the basis of the above scheme: among them, the main stress reinforcement of the pile foundation is arranged in the vertical direction, and the main stress reinforcement of the cover beam is arranged in the horizontal direction.
在上述方案的基础上,还包括:On the basis of the above scheme, it also includes:
背墙,设置在盖梁上,用于背向挡土,The back wall, set on the cap beam, is used to face away from the soil retaining,
背墙为内设钢筋笼的钢筋混凝土结构,背墙的钢筋笼与盖梁的钢筋笼形成一体,背墙的钢筋为水平方向设置。The back wall is a reinforced concrete structure with a reinforcement cage inside. The reinforcement cage of the back wall is integrated with the reinforcement cage of the cover beam, and the reinforcement of the back wall is arranged in a horizontal direction.
在上述方案的基础上,还包括:On the basis of the above scheme, it also includes:
一堵耳墙,为矩形,设置在盖梁的一端,用于侧向挡土,An ear wall, rectangular in shape, is set at one end of the cap beam for lateral soil retaining,
耳墙为内设钢筋笼的钢筋混凝土结构,耳墙的钢筋笼分别与盖梁的钢筋笼、背墙的钢筋笼固定连接。The ear wall is a reinforced concrete structure with reinforcement cages inside, and the reinforcement cages of the ear walls are fixedly connected with the reinforcement cages of the cover beam and the reinforcement cage of the back wall respectively.
在上述方案的基础上,还包括:On the basis of the above scheme, it also includes:
两堵耳墙,均为矩形,分别设置在盖梁的两端,分别用于挡住来自侧向的土,Two ear walls, both of which are rectangular, are set at both ends of the cover beam, respectively, to block the soil from the side,
耳墙为内设钢筋笼的钢筋混凝土结构,耳墙的钢筋笼分别与盖梁的钢筋笼、背墙的钢筋笼固定连接。The ear wall is a reinforced concrete structure with reinforcement cages inside, and the reinforcement cages of the ear walls are fixedly connected with the reinforcement cages of the cover beam and the reinforcement cage of the back wall respectively.
在上述方案的基础上:其中,盖梁的两端分别具有挡块,该挡块用于对桥梁上部结构中的主梁进行横向定位。On the basis of the above solution: wherein, the two ends of the cover girder respectively have stoppers, and the stoppers are used for laterally positioning the main girder in the superstructure of the bridge.
在上述方案的基础上:其中,盖梁的高度的取值范围为1.5米至 2.5米。On the basis of the above scheme: wherein, the value range of the height of the cover beam is 1.5 meters to 2.5 meters.
在上述方案的基础上:其中,桩基的直径取值范围为1.0米至 2.5米。On the basis of the above scheme: wherein, the diameter of the pile foundation ranges from 1.0 meters to 2.5 meters.
与现有技术相比,本实用新型的优点在于:Compared with the prior art, the utility model has the advantages of:
本实用新型中的轻型桥台,因为包括:至少2根桩基,桩基的一端设置在土层中;以及盖梁,设置在桩基上,用于支承桥梁上部结构的荷载,盖梁上设置至少2个支座垫石;其中,桩基以及盖梁均为内设钢筋笼的钢筋混凝土结构,且桩基的钢筋笼以及盖梁的钢筋笼形成一体化结构。桩基的钢筋为竖直方向设置,盖梁的钢筋为水平方向设置。所以,本实用新型提供的轻型桥台省去了常规桥台需要的承台以及前墙等结构,且自上而下采用的盖梁以及桩基座位受力结构,如此,本实用新型的轻型桥台不但能安全支承桥梁上部结构的荷载,而且造建该桥台的造价低、用料少、能最大程度上节省了人力和财力资源;另外,建造时也不需要大体量的桥台锥坡,故而将山区环境的破坏程度减少到最低程度,具有显著的环保和经济效益。The light abutment in the utility model includes: at least 2 pile foundations, one end of the pile foundation is arranged in the soil layer; and the cover beam is arranged on the pile foundation for supporting the load of the bridge superstructure, Set at least 2 support pad stones; among them, the pile foundation and the cover beam are reinforced concrete structures with reinforcement cages inside, and the reinforcement cage of the pile foundation and the reinforcement cage of the cover beam form an integrated structure. The reinforcement of the pile foundation is arranged in the vertical direction, and the reinforcement of the cover beam is arranged in the horizontal direction. Therefore, the light abutment provided by the utility model omits the structures such as the cap and the front wall required by the conventional abutment, and the cap beam and the pile foundation seat stress structure adopted from top to bottom, so that the light abutment of the utility model The abutment can not only safely support the load of the superstructure of the bridge, but also the construction cost of the abutment is low, less material is used, and manpower and financial resources can be saved to the greatest extent; in addition, large-scale abutment cones are not required during construction Therefore, the degree of damage to the mountain environment is reduced to a minimum, which has significant environmental protection and economic benefits.
本实用新型中的轻型桥台,因为具有耳墙,且耳墙从原来的梯形改为矩形,可以大大提高耳墙的挡土能力,避免了之前需要梯形耳墙挡土不力需要建立大体量锥坡进而破坏山区植被。The light abutment in the utility model has the ear wall, and the ear wall is changed from the original trapezoidal shape to a rectangle, which can greatly improve the soil retaining ability of the ear wall, avoiding the need for trapezoidal ear wall to retain soil and the need to build a large volume cone Slopes will destroy the vegetation in mountainous areas.
附图说明Description of drawings
图1为本实用新型实施例中轻型桥台的正面结构示意图。Figure 1 is a schematic diagram of the front structure of the light abutment in the embodiment of the utility model.
具体实施方式Detailed ways
以下结合附图对本实用新型的实施例作进一步详细说明。Embodiments of the utility model will be described in further detail below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings.
实施例1Example 1
图1为本实用新型实施例中轻型桥台的正面结构示意图。Figure 1 is a schematic diagram of the front structure of the light abutment in the embodiment of the utility model.
参见图1所示,本实用新型实施例提供一种轻型桥台,用于支承桥梁上部结构的荷载,该轻型桥台包括桩基1、盖梁2、背墙3、耳墙4以及倒角。Referring to Fig. 1, the utility model embodiment provides a light abutment for supporting the load of the bridge superstructure, the light abutment includes a pile foundation 1, a cover beam 2, a back wall 3, an ear wall 4 and chamfers .
桩基1,桩基1的一端设置在土层中,用于支承来自盖梁2的荷载,并将该荷载传递到土层中,4根桩基1并排排列。桩基1的直径取值范围为1.0米至2.5米。在本实施例中,桩基1的直径为1.8米。Pile foundation 1, one end of the pile foundation 1 is set in the soil layer, used to support the load from the cover beam 2, and transmit the load into the soil layer, and four pile foundations 1 are arranged side by side. The diameter of the pile foundation 1 ranges from 1.0 meters to 2.5 meters. In this embodiment, the diameter of the pile foundation 1 is 1.8 meters.
盖梁2,设置在桩基1上,盖梁2包括支座垫石21以及挡块22,盖梁2用于支承桥梁上部结构的荷载。The cover beam 2 is arranged on the pile foundation 1. The cover beam 2 includes a support pad stone 21 and a stopper 22. The cover beam 2 is used to support the load of the bridge superstructure.
盖梁2上设置5个并排的支座垫石21,支座垫石21用于放置桥梁支座。通过桥梁支座,桥梁上部结构将其荷载传递给盖梁2的支座垫石21,进而传递给盖梁2。Five side-by-side support pad stones 21 are arranged on the cover beam 2, and the support pad stones 21 are used for placing bridge supports. Through the bridge bearing, the bridge superstructure transmits its load to the bearing pad stone 21 of the cover beam 2 and then to the cover beam 2 .
盖梁2的两端分别具有挡块22,该挡块22用于对桥梁上部结构中的主梁进行横向定位。The two ends of the cover beam 2 respectively have stoppers 22, and the stoppers 22 are used for lateral positioning of the main girder in the superstructure of the bridge.
盖梁2的高度的取值范围为1.5米至2.5米,在本实施例中,盖梁2的高度为1.7米。The height of the cover beam 2 ranges from 1.5 meters to 2.5 meters. In this embodiment, the height of the cover beam 2 is 1.7 meters.
其中,桩基1以及盖梁2均为内设钢筋笼的钢筋混凝土结构,且桩基1的钢筋笼以及盖梁2的钢筋笼形成一体化结构。桩基1的主要受力钢筋为竖直方向设置,盖梁2的主要受力钢筋为水平方向设置。Wherein, the pile foundation 1 and the cover beam 2 are both reinforced concrete structures with reinforcement cages inside, and the reinforcement cage of the pile foundation 1 and the reinforcement cage of the cover beam 2 form an integrated structure. The main stressed steel bars of the pile foundation 1 are set in the vertical direction, and the main stressed steel bars of the cover beam 2 are set in the horizontal direction.
以上的桩基1的直径取值范围以及盖梁2的高度的取值范围都是通过大量的结构验算、稳定性分析以及实验模拟测试而得出的结果。The above value ranges of the diameter of the pile foundation 1 and the value range of the height of the cover beam 2 are the results obtained through a large number of structural checking calculations, stability analysis and experimental simulation tests.
背墙3,设置在盖梁2上,用于背向挡土,背墙3为内设钢筋笼的钢筋混凝土结构,背墙3的钢筋笼与盖梁2的钢筋笼形成一体,背墙3的主要受力钢筋为水平方向设置。The back wall 3 is arranged on the cover beam 2, and is used to face away from the soil. The back wall 3 is a reinforced concrete structure with a reinforcement cage inside. The reinforcement cage of the back wall 3 is integrated with the reinforcement cage of the cover beam 2. The back wall 3 The main stress reinforcement is set in the horizontal direction.
一堵耳墙4,为矩形,设置在盖梁2的一端,用于侧向挡土,耳墙4为内设钢筋笼的钢筋混凝土结构,耳墙4的钢筋笼分别与盖梁2 的钢筋笼、背墙3的钢筋笼固定连接,故而适用于整体式路基的桥梁结构。An ear wall 4 is rectangular and is arranged at one end of the cover beam 2 for lateral soil retaining. The ear wall 4 is a reinforced concrete structure with a reinforcement cage inside. The reinforcement cage of the cage and the back wall 3 is fixedly connected, so it is applicable to the bridge structure of the monolithic subgrade.
倒角,为内设钢筋笼的钢筋混凝土结构,倒角的钢筋笼分别与盖梁2的钢筋笼、背墙3的钢筋笼、耳墙4的钢筋笼一体化连接,用于加固倒盖梁2与耳墙4之间的连接以及背墙3与耳墙4之间的连接。Chamfering is a reinforced concrete structure with a reinforcement cage inside. The chamfered reinforcement cages are integrated with the reinforcement cages of the cover beam 2, the reinforcement cage of the back wall 3, and the reinforcement cage of the ear wall 4 respectively, and are used to strengthen the inverted cover beam 2 and the connection between the ear wall 4 and the connection between the back wall 3 and the ear wall 4.
实施例2Example 2
本实施例中的轻型桥台是在将实施例1中的轻型桥台基础上再增加一堵耳墙4,两堵耳墙4分别对称设置在盖梁2的两端且分别用于挡住来自两个侧向的土,本实施例中的轻型桥台的其他结构与实施例1中的轻型桥台相同。The light abutment in this embodiment is to add another ear wall 4 on the basis of the light abutment in embodiment 1. The two ear walls 4 are symmetrically arranged at the two ends of the cover beam 2 respectively and are used to block the The other structures of the light abutment in this embodiment are the same as those of the light abutment in embodiment 1.
本实施例中的两堵耳墙4分别对称设置在盖梁2的两端,故而适用于分离式路基的桥梁结构。The two ear walls 4 in this embodiment are arranged symmetrically at the two ends of the cover beam 2 respectively, so they are suitable for bridge structures with separate subgrades.
实施例的作用于效果:The effect of embodiment:
本实施例中的轻型桥台,因为包括:至少2根桩基,桩基的一端设置在土层中;以及盖梁,设置在桩基上,用于支承桥梁上部结构的荷载,盖梁上设置至少2个支座垫石;其中,桩基以及盖梁均为内设钢筋笼的钢筋混凝土结构,且桩基的钢筋笼以及盖梁的钢筋笼形成一体化结构。桩基的钢筋为竖直方向设置,盖梁的钢筋为水平方向设置。所以,本实施例提供的轻型桥台省去了常规桥台需要的承台以及前墙等结构,且自上而下采用的盖梁以及桩基受力结构,如此,本实施例的轻型桥台不但能安全支承桥梁上部结构的荷载,而且该桥台的造价低、用料少、能最大程度上节省了人力和财力资源;另外,建造时也不需要大体量的桥台锥坡,故而将山区环境的破坏程度减少到最低程度,具有显著的环保和经济效益。The light abutment in this embodiment includes: at least 2 pile foundations, one end of the pile foundation is arranged in the soil layer; and the cover beam is arranged on the pile foundation for supporting the load of the bridge superstructure, and Set at least 2 support pad stones; among them, the pile foundation and the cover beam are reinforced concrete structures with reinforcement cages inside, and the reinforcement cage of the pile foundation and the reinforcement cage of the cover beam form an integrated structure. The reinforcement of the pile foundation is arranged in the vertical direction, and the reinforcement of the cover beam is arranged in the horizontal direction. Therefore, the light-weight abutment provided by this embodiment omits the structures such as caps and front walls required by conventional abutments, and the cap beam and pile foundation stress structure are adopted from top to bottom. In this way, the light-weight bridge of this embodiment The abutment can not only safely support the load of the superstructure of the bridge, but also the cost of the abutment is low, less materials are used, and manpower and financial resources can be saved to the greatest extent; Minimizing the damage to the mountainous environment has significant environmental and economic benefits.
本实施例中的轻型桥台,因为具有耳墙,且耳墙从原来的梯形改为矩形,方便顺接桥台后的路基挡墙,避免了之前梯形耳墙需要建立大体量锥坡进而破坏山区植被。The light-weight abutment in this embodiment has an ear wall, and the ear wall is changed from the original trapezoidal shape to a rectangle, which is convenient for connecting the subgrade retaining wall behind the abutment, and avoids the need to build a large volume of cone slope and destroy the previous trapezoidal ear wall. Mountain vegetation.
本实用新型不仅局限于上述最佳实施方式,任何人在本实用新型的启示下都可得出其他各种形式的产品,但不论在其形状或结构上作任何变化,凡是具有与本实用新型相同或相近似的技术方案,均在其保护范围之内。The utility model is not only limited to the above-mentioned best implementation mode, anyone can draw other various forms of products under the enlightenment of the utility model, but no matter make any changes in its shape or structure, anyone who has the same features as the utility model The same or similar technical solutions are all within the scope of protection.
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Cited By (3)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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CN111622129A (en) * | 2020-06-08 | 2020-09-04 | 浙江万里建设工程有限公司 | Locking anchor bolt and cliff abutment construction method applying same |
CN111794071A (en) * | 2020-07-06 | 2020-10-20 | 上海崇明水利工程有限公司 | Water conservancy bridge structure |
CN115821977A (en) * | 2022-12-14 | 2023-03-21 | 中冶赛迪工程技术股份有限公司 | High slope pile plate retaining wall and abutment co-construction structure |
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2019
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Cited By (5)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
CN111622129A (en) * | 2020-06-08 | 2020-09-04 | 浙江万里建设工程有限公司 | Locking anchor bolt and cliff abutment construction method applying same |
CN111622129B (en) * | 2020-06-08 | 2021-08-24 | 浙江万里建设工程有限公司 | Locking anchor bolt and cliff abutment construction method applying same |
CN111794071A (en) * | 2020-07-06 | 2020-10-20 | 上海崇明水利工程有限公司 | Water conservancy bridge structure |
CN115821977A (en) * | 2022-12-14 | 2023-03-21 | 中冶赛迪工程技术股份有限公司 | High slope pile plate retaining wall and abutment co-construction structure |
CN115821977B (en) * | 2022-12-14 | 2024-08-30 | 中冶赛迪工程技术股份有限公司 | Pile-sheet retaining wall and bridge abutment co-construction structure on high slope |
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