CN209821290U - Compact range antenna testing device based on 3D probe array - Google Patents
Compact range antenna testing device based on 3D probe array Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
A compact range antenna testing apparatus based on a 3D probe array, also referred to as a 3D plane wave generating apparatus, comprising: the test platform comprises a tested antenna and a multi-axis antenna test turntable for placing the tested antenna; the test device further comprises: the device comprises a beam forming network module, a 3D array probe and an array polarization rotating platform; the beam forming network module is connected with each probe of the 3D array probe to control the separation or synthesis of array element signals and the complex weighting of each array element channel; the 3D array probe is arranged on the array polarization rotating table; the array probe is arranged opposite to the antenna to be detected; the utility model adjusts the amplitude and phase of each unit of the 3D array, and generates high-quality plane waves required by the test in a limited area; measuring a plurality of antennas; the test precision and the quiet zone quality are the same as those of the traditional metal reflecting surface, and the antenna has a quiet zone area and a quiet zone quality which are larger than those of a compact field of a common planar array antenna; effectively reduce test site cost and later maintenance cost.
Description
Technical Field
The utility model relates to an antenna testing arrangement especially relates to a compact range antenna testing arrangement based on 3D probe array.
Background
Typically the antenna characteristics need to be measured in the far field. With the advent of the 5G era, the available frequency gradually increases, the distance of the far field condition of a large-sized object to be tested (such as a base station antenna) becomes long, and therefore it becomes difficult to realize the far field condition in the microwave darkroom, the size of the microwave darkroom needs to be large and the cost increases to ensure the performance of a dead zone in the darkroom, and the path loss becomes large as the distance of the far field increases, so that the test accuracy is reduced, which is also a problem that cannot be ignored. The advent of compact field testing partially solved the 2 problems described above.
Compact field testing is an indirect far field testing mode, and requirements for the size of a testing field can be obviously reduced. The spherical wave emitted by the feed source positioned at the focus is converted into the plane wave by utilizing the metal reflecting surface or the lens, so that the far field test in the limited physical space is realized. The method can test the wave beam forming directional diagram of the 5G base station antenna, and radio frequency radiation indexes such as EIRP, EVM, occupied bandwidth, ACLR (Adjacent Channel Leakage Power ratio), EIS (interference Channel selection), ACS (Adjacent Channel selection) and the like.
The advantages of the compact range test are: compared with the method of directly carrying out far field test, the method greatly reduces the field size, greatly reduces the field construction cost and measures the path loss. Thanks to the reduction of the path loss, it can measure more radio frequency radiation indicators than the far field scheme. However, for a large measured piece, such as a base station antenna, the compact field reflecting surface is required to be large in size, and the high-precision reflecting surface is difficult to process and long in time, so that the manufacturing cost and the later maintenance cost are high. The problem of cost and cost in the occasion of large reflecting surface requirement needs to be solved.
More importantly, in the 5G era, the base station antenna generally uses a dynamic beamforming technology to increase channel capacity, and the lower energy consumption of beamforming can also reduce the operation cost of the whole network. The existing single metal reflecting surface is more suitable for single-beam testing and is more difficult to test a multi-beam antenna. The beam pointing needs to be controlled by adopting a mechanical rotation mode, and is not easy to realize in practical application.
The invention content is as follows:
to overcome the deficiencies of the prior art, the present invention provides a compact field reflector, also referred to as a plane wave generator, that is formed by adjusting the amplitude and phase (i.e., beamforming network) of a phased 3D array antenna to generate plane waves in a designated area. The test precision and the dead zone quality are the same as those of the traditional metal reflecting surface, and the beam scanning on the space can be realized without changing the physical pointing direction of a compact field. Effectively reducing the cost of a test site and the cost of later maintenance. Compared with the quality of plane waves generated by the traditional 2-dimensional planar array antenna, the range of a dead zone of the plane waves generated by the 3D array antenna is larger, the quality of the dead zone is higher, particularly the quality of the dead zone at the edge of the dead zone, and the multi-beam antenna test in a larger angle range can be realized.
The plane wave converter can convert the plane wave in free space into a TEM mode in a coaxial cable, or conversely can convert the TEM mode in a coaxial radio frequency cable into the plane wave in free space, is a reciprocal structure, and can test electromagnetic parameters such as EIRP and EIS on a radio frequency transceiving link. By optimally weighting the amplitude and the phase of each unit of the array, spherical waves radiated by each vibration element are superposed with each other to synthesize a plane wave, namely, the plane wave required by the test is generated in a specified area, thereby realizing the far-field test in a limited physical space. The method can be used for measuring the tested piece with or without the radio frequency port, such as passive and active air interface OTA test suitable for the base station antenna.
The compact range antenna testing apparatus further comprises: the system comprises a tested antenna, a multi-axis antenna test rotary table for placing the tested antenna, a beam forming network module, a 3D array probe and an array polarization rotary table; the beam forming network module is connected with each probe of the 3D array probe so as to control the separation or synthesis of array element signals and control the complex weighting of each array element channel; the 3D array probe is arranged on the array polarization rotating table; the 3D array probe is arranged opposite to the antenna to be measured; the 3D array probe comprises a plurality of broadband array element antennas, and the broadband array element antennas are distributed on the 3D curved surface at intervals.
Additionally, according to the utility model discloses a compact range antenna testing arrangement based on 3D probe array still has following additional technical characterstic:
further, the 3D curved surface includes: spherical, cylindrical, parabolic, and may be concave or convex.
Further, the 3D array probe is arranged on one side or above or below the antenna to be measured. Preferably, the array probe can be directly in front of the measured antenna or directly above the measured antenna.
Further, the polarization mode of the 3D array probe comprises single polarization or dual polarization; the beam forming network module and the 3D array probe are positioned on the array polarization rotating platform, and the array polarization rotating platform comprises at least one rotating shaft.
Further, the antenna under test comprises a passive antenna and an active antenna.
Further, the compact range antenna testing device based on the 3D probe array further comprises: the computer comprises a PC or an industrial personal computer and is connected with the test instrument and the control module through GPIB or USB standard interfaces, and the test instrument is connected with the beam forming network module and the antenna to be tested through a radio frequency interface.
Further, the test meter includes: network analyzer, oscilloscope, frequency spectrograph, vector signal generator, vector signal analyzer.
Furthermore, the compact field antenna testing device based on the 3D probe array is placed in a microwave dark chamber containing wave-absorbing materials.
Further, the multi-axis antenna test turntable is connected with and controlled by the control module, and includes: the multi-axis antenna test turntable comprises one of the three rotating shafts or a combination of any rotating shaft; each shaft of the multi-shaft antenna test turntable is provided with an abnormal trigger switch to interrupt abnormal rotation, so that equipment damage is avoided.
Further, the 3D array probe faces the multi-axis antenna test turntable. The tested piece is placed on the multi-axis antenna test turntable.
Further, the beamforming network module includes: attenuator, phase shifter, power distribution and synthesis network, control interface, power supply interface, polarization switching unit, etc.; the beam forming network is used for controlling the separation or synthesis of array element signals and controlling the complex weighting of each array element channel.
Further, the control module comprises a rotary table controller unit, a rotary table driving unit, a radio frequency amplifier, an instrument switching unit and the like.
Further, by optimally weighting the amplitude and the phase of each unit of the array, spherical waves radiated by each vibration element are superposed with each other to synthesize a plane wave, namely, the plane wave required by the test is generated in a specified area, so that the far-field test in a limited physical space is realized. The method can be used for measuring the tested piece with or without the radio frequency port, such as passive and active air interface OTA test suitable for the base station antenna. The test precision and the quiet zone quality are the same as those of the traditional metal reflecting surface, and the antenna has a quiet zone area and a quiet zone quality which are larger than those of a compact field of a common two-dimensional planar array antenna. And the cost of the test field and the later maintenance cost are effectively reduced.
The beneficial effects of the utility model reside in that: by carrying out optimized weighting on the amplitude and the phase of each unit of the array, spherical waves radiated by each array element are superposed with each other to synthesize plane waves, namely, the plane waves required by the test are generated in a specified area, thereby realizing the far-field test in a limited physical space. The test precision and the quiet zone quality are the same as those of the traditional metal reflecting surface, and the beam scanning in the space can be realized without changing the physical direction of a compact field in the measurement of the multi-beam antenna; compared with a common 2-dimensional plane probe array, a plane field generated by the 3D array probe has larger dead zone area and better dead zone quality, the multi-beam antenna test of a larger angle range can be realized, and the cost of a test field and the later maintenance cost are effectively reduced while the measurement precision is improved.
Drawings
Fig. 1 the utility model discloses compact range antenna testing arrangement's based on 3D probe array device block diagram.
Fig. 2 is a schematic diagram of an embodiment of a compact range antenna testing apparatus based on a 3D probe array.
Fig. 3 is a schematic diagram of another embodiment of a compact range antenna testing apparatus based on a 3D probe array.
Detailed Description
As shown in fig. 1, the technical solution of the present invention is as follows: the method comprises the following steps: the antenna testing device comprises a tested antenna 5 and a multi-axis antenna testing turntable 6 for placing the tested antenna 5; the compact range antenna testing apparatus further comprises: the device comprises a beam forming network module 2, a 3D array probe 3 and an array polarization rotating platform 4; the beam forming network module 2 is connected with each probe of the 3D array probe 3 to control the separation or synthesis of array element signals and control the complex weighting of each array element channel; the 3D array probe 3 is arranged on the array polarization rotating table 4; the 3D array probe 3 is arranged opposite to the antenna 5 to be measured; the 3D array probe 3 comprises a plurality of broadband array element antennas which are distributed on the 3D curved surface at intervals; the compact range antenna testing apparatus further comprises: the system comprises a computer 1, a control module 7, a test instrument 8 and a radio frequency unit 9; the computer 1 comprises a PC or an industrial personal computer and is connected with the test instrument 8 and the control module 7 through GPIB or USB standard interfaces, and the test instrument 8 is connected with the beam forming network module 2 and the antenna 5 to be tested through a radio frequency interface.
The beneficial effects of the utility model reside in that: by carrying out optimized weighting on the amplitude and the phase of each unit of the array, spherical waves radiated by each array element are superposed with each other to synthesize plane waves, namely, the plane waves required by the test are generated in a specified area, thereby realizing the far-field test in a limited physical space. The test precision and the dead zone quality are the same as those of the traditional metal reflecting surface, and the beam scanning in the space can be realized without changing the physical direction of a compact field in the measurement of the multi-beam antenna. Compared with a common 2-dimensional plane probe array, a plane field generated by the 3D array probe has larger dead zone area and better dead zone quality, the multi-beam antenna test of a larger angle range can be realized, and the cost of a test field and the later maintenance cost are effectively reduced while the measurement precision is improved.
In addition, the computer 1 of the testing device is a PC or an industrial personal computer, and is used for completing control, data acquisition and data processing of each device module; the computer 1 can control the multi-axis antenna test turntable 6 to rotate a certain angle through the control module 7 to carry out multi-directional measurement on the antenna 5 to be tested, and in the specific test process, the computer 1 is connected with a test instrument 8 (such as a network analyzer) through standard interfaces such as GPIB or USB; is connected with each control module (such as a rotary table controller, a rotary table driver and the like) through a control interface; the test instrument 8 is connected with each radio frequency unit 9, the 3D array probe 3, the antenna 5 to be tested and the like through radio frequency interfaces; the computer can control various test instruments, radio frequency units, the array probe multi-axis antenna test rotary table 6 and the like, so that data scanning of the 3D spherical surface (or partial spherical surface) is realized, wherein the data scanning comprises amplitude, phase and the like.
In addition, the 3D array probe can be a cylindrical probe array as shown in fig. 2, or a spherical probe array as shown in fig. 3, the shape of the probe array is not limited to the above two types, and can be properly adjusted according to the test environment and the test conditions, as long as the distribution is reasonable, the present invention is within the protection scope.
The following are specific examples of this patent:
example 1:
as shown in fig. 2, the probe array is a 3D curved array, the probes are uniformly distributed on a cylindrical surface at certain intervals, the concave surfaces are placed right in front of the antenna to be tested, the antenna to be tested 5 is arranged on the multi-axis antenna test turntable 6, spherical waves radiated by each array element are mutually superposed on a near-field synthesized plane wave by optimally weighting the amplitude and the phase of each unit of the 3D array, namely, an ideal plane wave is obtained in the area of the antenna test turntable 6, and a computer is used for calculating the distance between the probes and the spherical waves1, the rotation of a multi-axis antenna test turntable 6 is controlled by a control module 7, the multi-axis turntable is a two-axis turntable consisting of an azimuth rotating shaft 8 and a rolling rotating shaft 9, and the multi-axis turntable is standardIn a spherical coordinate system, the azimuth rotating shaft and the rolling rotating shaft respectively form a theta axis and a theta axis in the coordinate systemThe axis, the axial point of intersect of two pivots is the coordinate system original point, and two pivots rotate simultaneously and mutually support, can realize the diversified measurement to the antenna under test, obtain the radio frequency radiation index of the antenna 3D sphere (or partial sphere) that awaits measuring.
Example 2:
as shown in fig. 3, the probe array is a 3D curved array, the probes are uniformly distributed on a part of spherical surface at certain intervals, the concave surfaces are placed right in front of the antenna to be tested, the antenna to be tested 5 is arranged on the multi-axis antenna testing turntable 6, spherical waves radiated by each array element are mutually superposed on a near-field synthesized plane wave by optimally weighting the amplitude and the phase of each unit of the array, that is, an ideal plane wave is obtained in the area of the antenna testing turntable 6, the computer 1 controls the rotation of the multi-axis antenna testing turntable 6 through the control module 7, and the multi-axis antenna testing turntable is a U-shaped turntable; the multi-axis turntable is a two-axis turntable consisting of an azimuth rotating shaft 8 and a rolling rotating shaft 9, and is standardIn a spherical coordinate system, the azimuth rotating shaft and the rolling rotating shaft respectively form a theta axis and a theta axis in the coordinate systemThe axis, the axial point of intersect of two pivots is the coordinate system original point, and two pivots rotate simultaneously and mutually support, can realize the diversified measurement to the antenna under test, obtain the radio frequency radiation index of the antenna 3D sphere (or partial sphere) that awaits measuring.
In addition, the probe array may be on one side or above the antenna under test 5; preferably, the probe array may be directly in front of the antenna 5 to be measured as shown in fig. 2 and 3, or may be directly above the antenna 5 to be measured, and when the probe array is located above the antenna to be measured, the same measurement result as that when the probe array is placed directly in front of the antenna to be measured can be obtained only by adjusting the angle change of the turntable during measurement; it should be noted that, when the probe array 3 is arranged on one side or right in front of the antenna 5 to be measured, it can be used in a conventional compact range antenna measuring device; when the probe array is arranged on one side or right above the antenna 5 to be measured, the structure is more beneficial to the antenna measuring device in the production of the production line.
Additionally, the utility model discloses compact range antenna testing arrangement based on 3D array probe can be used to: and testing the beam forming directional diagram, EIRP, EVM, occupied bandwidth, ACLR (Adjacent Channel Leakage Power ratio), EIS (Adjacent Channel selection), ACS (Adjacent Channel selection) and other radio frequency radiation indexes of the 5G base station antenna.
The above description is only exemplary of the present invention and should not be taken as limiting the scope of the present invention, as any modifications, equivalents, improvements and the like made within the spirit and principles of the present invention are intended to be included within the scope of the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. A compact range antenna testing arrangement based on a 3D probe array, comprising: the antenna testing device comprises a tested antenna (5) and a multi-axis antenna testing turntable (6) for placing the tested antenna (5); characterized in that, compact range antenna testing arrangement still includes: the device comprises a beam forming network module (2), a 3D array probe (3) and an array polarization rotating platform (4);
the beam forming network module (2) is connected with each probe of the 3D array probe (3) to control the separation or synthesis of array element signals and control the complex weighting of each array element channel; the 3D array probe (3) is arranged on the array polarization rotating table (4); the 3D array probe (3) is arranged opposite to the antenna to be tested (5); the 3D array probe (3) comprises a plurality of broadband array element antennas, and the broadband array element antennas are distributed on the 3D curved surface at intervals.
2. The compact range antenna test device based on the 3D probe array as claimed in claim 1, wherein: the 3D curved surface includes: spherical, cylindrical, parabolic.
3. The compact range antenna test device based on the 3D probe array as claimed in claim 1, wherein: the 3D array probe (3) is arranged on one side or above or below the antenna to be tested (5).
4. The compact range antenna test device based on the 3D probe array as claimed in claim 1, wherein: the polarization mode of the probe in the 3D array probe (3) comprises single polarization and dual polarization; the single-polarization 3D array probe comprises a single-polarization 3D array probe, wherein the beam forming network module (2) and the 3D array probe (3) are positioned on the array polarization rotating platform (4), and the array polarization rotating platform comprises a rotating shaft.
5. The compact range antenna test device based on the 3D probe array as claimed in claim 1, wherein: the beamforming network module (2) comprises: attenuator, phase shifter, power distribution synthesis network, control interface, power supply interface, polarization switching unit.
6. A compact antenna test apparatus based on a 3D probe array as claimed in claim 1, wherein the compact antenna test apparatus further comprises: the device comprises a computer (1), a control module (7), a test instrument (8) and a radio frequency unit (9); the computer (1) comprises a PC or an industrial personal computer, and is connected with the test instrument (8) and the control module (7) through a GPIB or USB standard interface, and the test instrument (8) is connected with the beam forming network module (2) and the antenna to be tested (5) through a radio frequency interface.
7. The compact range antenna test device based on the 3D probe array as claimed in claim 6, wherein: the test meter (8) comprises: the system comprises a network analyzer, an oscilloscope, a frequency spectrograph, a vector signal generator and a vector signal analyzer; the control module (7) comprises a rotary table controller unit, a rotary table driving unit, a radio frequency amplifier, an instrument switching unit and the like.
8. The compact range antenna test device based on the 3D probe array as claimed in claim 1, wherein: the compact field antenna testing device based on the 3D array probe is placed in a microwave dark chamber containing wave-absorbing materials.
9. The compact range antenna test device based on the 3D probe array as claimed in claim 6, wherein: multiaxis antenna test revolving stage (6) with control module (7) are connected and by control module control, multiaxis antenna test revolving stage includes: the multi-axis antenna test turntable comprises an azimuth rotating shaft, a translation shaft, a polarization rotating shaft and a rolling rotating shaft, wherein the multi-axis antenna test turntable comprises one of the four rotating shafts or a combination of any rotating shaft; each shaft of the multi-shaft antenna test turntable is provided with an abnormal trigger switch to interrupt abnormal rotation, so that equipment damage is avoided.
10. A compact range antenna testing apparatus based on a 3D probe array according to any one of claims 1-9, wherein: by carrying out optimized weighting on the amplitude and the phase of each unit of the array, spherical waves radiated by each vibration element are mutually superposed to synthesize plane waves, namely the plane waves required by the test are generated in a specified area, so that the far-field test in a limited physical space is realized; the device can be used for measuring a tested piece with a radio frequency port or without the radio frequency port, such as passive and active air interface OTA test suitable for a base station antenna; the test precision and the quiet zone quality are the same as those of the traditional metal reflecting surface, and the antenna has a quiet zone area and a quiet zone quality which are larger than those of a compact field of a common planar array antenna; and the cost of the test field and the later maintenance cost are effectively reduced.
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| CN201821916239.3U CN209821290U (en) | 2018-11-21 | 2018-11-21 | Compact range antenna testing device based on 3D probe array |
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| CN201821916239.3U CN209821290U (en) | 2018-11-21 | 2018-11-21 | Compact range antenna testing device based on 3D probe array |
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| CN111987462A (en) * | 2020-08-21 | 2020-11-24 | 北京航空航天大学 | Phased array antenna phase calibration measurement system and method |
| CN112034264A (en) * | 2020-08-18 | 2020-12-04 | 苏州益谱电磁科技有限公司 | Multi-probe compact range antenna test system and generation method |
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| CN113252999A (en) * | 2021-04-30 | 2021-08-13 | 西南电子技术研究所（中国电子科技集团公司第十研究所） | Antenna plane near-field test method |
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| CN112034264A (en) * | 2020-08-18 | 2020-12-04 | 苏州益谱电磁科技有限公司 | Multi-probe compact range antenna test system and generation method |
| CN111987462A (en) * | 2020-08-21 | 2020-11-24 | 北京航空航天大学 | Phased array antenna phase calibration measurement system and method |
| CN111987462B (en) * | 2020-08-21 | 2021-06-29 | 北京航空航天大学 | Phased array antenna phase calibration measurement system and method |
| CN112630549A (en) * | 2020-12-10 | 2021-04-09 | 深圳市新益技术有限公司 | Polygonal spherical space sampling equipment |
| CN113252999A (en) * | 2021-04-30 | 2021-08-13 | 西南电子技术研究所（中国电子科技集团公司第十研究所） | Antenna plane near-field test method |
| CN113252999B (en) * | 2021-04-30 | 2023-04-28 | 西南电子技术研究所（中国电子科技集团公司第十研究所） | Antenna plane near field test method |
| CN114553327A (en) * | 2022-02-16 | 2022-05-27 | 中国信息通信研究院 | System and method for testing wireless resource management consistency of multi-angle-of-arrival millimeter wave terminal |
| WO2023216595A1 (en) * | 2022-05-12 | 2023-11-16 | 中兴通讯股份有限公司 | Test system for active antenna |
| WO2024054291A1 (en) * | 2022-09-08 | 2024-03-14 | Raytheon Company | Multi-target near-field test system |
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