CN209820864U - Real-time monitoring and quantitative sampling system for leaching solution amount - Google Patents
Real-time monitoring and quantitative sampling system for leaching solution amount Download PDFInfo
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- CN209820864U CN209820864U CN201920289288.7U CN201920289288U CN209820864U CN 209820864 U CN209820864 U CN 209820864U CN 201920289288 U CN201920289288 U CN 201920289288U CN 209820864 U CN209820864 U CN 209820864U
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Abstract
The utility model discloses a drench solution volume real-time supervision and quantitative sampling system, include: the device comprises a leaching solution collecting device, a tipping bucket type leaching solution measuring device, a sample collecting device and a single chip microcomputer control module 20; the measuring system can automatically monitor and feed back the flow and speed information of the leaching amount in real time, and can sample the leaching solution according to the flow proportion as required.
Description
Technical Field
The utility model belongs to an analysis and measurement technical field for a drench solution volume real-time supervision and quantitative sampling system, can monitor and drench information such as solution flow rate and take a sample according to the flow proportion simultaneously.
Background
Leaching refers to the action of the finer soil particles and chemical elements in the soil moving from the surface layer of the soil to the lower layer (or bottom layer) along with the soil moisture. Along with the leaching action, the soil layer is gradually acidified, a leaching layer and a deposition layer are formed in the soil profile, wherein soluble substances and fine soil particles in the leaching layer (also called layer A) are leached, the soil color is light, the texture is coarse, the acidity is increased, the fertility is low, the nutrient circulation of agricultural soil is seriously influenced, and the nutrient loss is caused.
The leaching loss of nutrients not only reduces the utilization rate of the fertilizer, but also consumes a soil nutrient bank, causes economic loss and has serious influence on the ecological environment of a farmland. The migration of nitrogen (N) and phosphorus (P) to water in farmland is one of the main causes of eutrophication of surface water, deterioration of underground water quality and agricultural non-point source pollution. In the agricultural production management, the influence of migration of nutrient components along with leaching is reduced by applying excessive nitrogen fertilizer and excessive phosphate fertilizer, but the defects of increased production cost, low fertilizer utilization rate (20-50 percent of nitrogen fertilizer and only 15-25 percent of phosphate fertilizer) and the like still exist. Therefore, the flow and the components (such as the concentration of nitrogen and phosphorus) of the leaching solution under different rainfall and different leaching strengths can be monitored in real time, which is an important standard for guiding the scientific and reasonable application of nitrogen and phosphorus fertilizers, reducing the leaching loss of nutrients, reducing the risk of environmental pollution and improving the utilization rate of the nutrients of crops.
At present, most of measuring devices for drenching solution measure the total amount of liquid, and the hysteresis quality stored in data records cannot be remotely monitored in real time. And meanwhile, the sampling mode is single, and the sampling mode is mostly integral sampling and has lower efficiency. Due to the limitation of a sampling container, the change trend of the components of the leaching solution under high flow cannot be sampled and analyzed.
Through the improvement to measuring sampling device, agricultural production experimenter can in time master the real-time information of soil eluviation effect, improves scientific research experimental efficiency and accuracy, provides important reference for agricultural science research.
SUMMERY OF THE UTILITY MODEL
In order to overcome the unable real-time supervision eluviation volume flow information of current measuring device and the not enough of sampling according to flow proportion, the utility model provides a eluviation volume real-time measurement and sampling system, this measuring system can not only automatic real-time supervision and feedback the flow, the speed information of eluviation volume, can also sample according to the flow proportion to drenching the solution as required.
The utility model discloses specific technical scheme as follows:
a leaching solution amount real-time monitoring and quantitative sampling system comprises: the device comprises a leaching solution collecting device, a tipping bucket type leaching solution measuring device, a sample collecting device and a single chip microcomputer control module 20;
the leaching solution collecting device comprises a leaching solution collecting funnel 11, a filtering device 13, a collecting device hose 14 and a sensor arranged at the tail end of the collecting device hose 14; the filtering device 13 is arranged at the bottom of the leaching solution collecting funnel 11, and the collecting device hose 14 is arranged at the bottom of the filtering device 13; the sensor is connected with a single chip microcomputer control module 20, and the single chip microcomputer control module controls the work and stop of the system according to signals of the sensor;
the tipping bucket type drenched solution measuring device comprises a water diversion funnel 1, a signal output device 3, a tipping bucket 4, a tipping bucket bracket, constant magnetic steel 5 and a reed pipe 6; the water diversion funnel 1 is positioned right below the flexible pipe 14 of the collecting device and is used for receiving the drenching solution; the signal output device 3 is connected with the single chip microcomputer control module 20 and outputs pulse signals to the single chip microcomputer control module 20, and the single chip microcomputer control module 20 counts the pulse signals;
the sample collecting device comprises an electromagnetic valve 7, a stepping motor 8, a driver 9, a sampling container 18, a shunting device 17 and a turntable 19; the flow dividing device 17 comprises two liquid receiving pipes corresponding to the bucket-shaped container, the outlets of the bucket-shaped container are opposite to the inlets of the two liquid receiving pipes, the outlets of the two liquid receiving pipes are connected together, and an electromagnetic valve 7 is arranged at the outlet, and the electromagnetic valve 7 is used for controlling the flow of the leaching solution from the waste water port 21 to the waste water pool or from the sampling port 22 to the sampling container 18; the driver 9 is connected with the stepping motor 8, the single chip microcomputer control module 20 is connected with the electromagnetic valve 7 and the driver 9, after the single chip microcomputer control module 20 counts the pulse signals to reach the set number, the driver 9 is started, the driver starts the stepping motor 8 to rotate by a certain angle, and the turntable 19 rotates by a certain angle; after counting the pulse signals to reach the set number, the singlechip control module 20 controls to open the electromagnetic valve 7.
In the system, an output shaft of the stepping motor 8 is connected with a pinion, a bull gear is fixed at the lower end of the turntable 19, the pinion is meshed with the bull gear, and the turntable 19 rotates under the driving of the stepping motor; the sample container 18 is fixedly placed on the turntable 19, and one sample container 18 is placed at the lower end of the sampling port 22 every time the turntable rotates.
In the system, the tipping bucket 4 comprises two identical bucket-shaped containers, the two bucket-shaped containers are symmetrically arranged below the water diversion funnel 1, a liquid outlet at the lower end of the water diversion funnel 1 is arranged right opposite to the symmetrical surfaces of the two bucket-shaped containers, the bucket-shaped container at one side is higher than the bucket-shaped container at the other side when the tipping bucket is static, and the leaching solution can drop into the bucket-shaped container at the lifted side; the two bucket-shaped containers are respectively provided with a constant magnetic steel 5, when the bucket-shaped containers fall down, the constant magnetic steel 5 is close to the reed pipe 6, the reed pipe 6 outputs pulse signals outwards, and the overturning times of the tipping bucket are recorded according to the pulse signals.
Different from the sampling proportion according to time periods, the sampling according to the flow proportion can truly reflect the relation between the leaching solution components and the flow change trend. For the large flow condition, the sampling frequency can be improved, and for the small flow, the sampling frequency can be reduced. The conditions of insufficient large-flow sampling and excessive small-flow sampling which are possibly generated during sampling according to time periods are avoided. Provides a new idea for the sampling and analysis of the leaching solution in agriculture.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of a tipping-bucket type leaching solution measurement sampling device;
FIG. 2 is a schematic structural diagram of a tipping-bucket leaching solution measurement sampling device;
FIG. 3 is a partial schematic view of a tipping bucket type leaching solution measurement sampling device;
1-a water diversion funnel, 2-a bracket, 3-a signal output device, 4-a tipping bucket, 5-constant magnetic steel, 6-a reed pipe, 7-an electromagnetic valve, 8-a stepping motor, 9-a driver, 10-a horizontal adjusting device, 11-a leaching solution collecting funnel, 12-a shell, 13-a filtering device, 14-a collecting device hose, 15-a measuring device base, 16-a horizontal bubble, 17-a shunting device, 18-a sampling container, 19-a rotating disc, 20-a single chip microcomputer control module, 21 a waste water port and 22 a sampling port;
Detailed Description
The present invention will be described in detail with reference to specific examples.
Drench solution volume real-time supervision and quantitative sampling system includes: a leaching solution collecting device, a tipping bucket type leaching solution measuring device, a sample collecting device and a horizontal adjusting device 10.
The leaching solution collecting device comprises a leaching solution collecting funnel 11, a filtering device 13, a collecting device hose 14 and a sensor arranged at the tail end of the collecting device hose 14; the filtering device 13 is arranged at the bottom of the leaching solution collecting funnel 11, and the collecting device hose 14 is arranged at the bottom of the filtering device 13;
the tipping bucket type drenched solution measuring device comprises a water diversion funnel 1, a signal output device 3, a tipping bucket 4, a tipping bucket bracket, constant magnetic steel 5 and a reed pipe 6; the water diversion funnel 1 is positioned right below the flexible pipe 14 of the collecting device and is used for receiving the drenching solution; the tipping bucket 4 comprises two identical bucket-shaped containers, the two bucket-shaped containers are symmetrically arranged below the water diversion funnel 1, a liquid outlet at the lower end of the water diversion funnel 1 is arranged right opposite to the symmetrical surfaces of the two bucket-shaped containers, when the tipping bucket is static, the bucket-shaped container at one side is higher than the bucket-shaped container at the other side, and the leaching solution can be dripped into the bucket-shaped container at one lifted side; the two bucket-shaped containers are respectively provided with a constant magnetic steel 5, when the bucket-shaped containers fall down, the constant magnetic steel 5 is close to the reed pipe 6, the reed pipe 6 outputs pulse signals outwards, and the overturning times of the tipping bucket are recorded according to the pulse signals.
The sample collecting device comprises an electromagnetic valve 7, a stepping motor 8, a driver 9, a sampling container 18, a shunting device 17 and a turntable 19. The flow dividing device 17 comprises two liquid receiving pipes corresponding to the bucket-shaped container of the tipping bucket, the outlets of the bucket-shaped container are opposite to the inlets of the two liquid receiving pipes, the outlets of the two liquid receiving pipes are connected together, and an electromagnetic valve 7 is arranged at the outlet position, and the electromagnetic valve 7 is used for controlling the flow of the leaching solution from a waste water port 21 to a waste water pool or from a sampling port 22 to a sampling container 18; the driver 9 is connected with the stepping motor 8, and the singlechip control module 20 is connected with the driver 9; an output shaft of the stepping motor 8 is connected with a small gear, a large gear is fixed at the lower end of the turntable 19, the small gear is meshed with the large gear, and the turntable 19 rotates under the driving of the stepping motor; the sample container 18 is fixedly placed on the turntable 19, and one sample container 18 is placed into the lower end of the sampling port 22 without rotating the turntable once.
After entering the collection device 11, the soil leaching solution is filtered by the filtering device 13 and then enters the collection device hose 14, the tail end of the collection device hose is provided with a sensor, the sensor detects the flow of liquid and sends an electric signal to an external interrupt pin of the singlechip control module 20, so that the whole monitoring and quantitative sampling device is awakened from a dormant state and starts working, the signal output device 3 outputs telemetering and reporting contents, and the contents comprise information such as time, flow, speed and the like of leaching and infiltration. At the same time the single-chip microcomputer control module 20 starts recording the total number of pulses.
The leaching solution flows out of the collecting device and then enters the water diversion funnel 1, the water diversion funnel 1 leads the solution into a tipping bucket on one lifting side of the tipping bucket type leaching solution measuring device, the lifted tipping bucket is pressed down after the solution reaches the rated capacity of the solution along with the increase of the solution in the tipping bucket, the solution flows into the flow dividing device 17 (whether the solution flows into a waste water pool or a collecting device is determined according to the state of an electromagnetic valve in the flow dividing device), and meanwhile, the tipping bucket on the other side is lifted, the solution continues to be received, and the solution is circulated in sequence.
Two tipping buckets of the measuring device are respectively provided with a constant magnetic steel 5, and two reed pipes 6 are correspondingly arranged on a base of the measuring device. There are two metal conducting strips that the position is close in the tongue tube, and when tipping bucket 4 overturns, permanent magnet steel 5 can be close to tongue tube 6 for the magnetic field that tongue tube 6 was located changes, and two metal conducting strips can be because coupling effect and be close to each other, and the circuit is consequently put through, outwards output pulse signal to report to the host computer of far-end, note the upset number of times of tipping bucket, can calculate the eluviation total amount according to the tipping bucket capacity again. The solution flows out of the tipping bucket and enters a shunting device 17, the pulse signal is also transmitted to a single chip microcomputer control module, and the single chip microcomputer control module records the total number of pulses of tipping bucket overturning; after a certain pulse number is reached, the single chip microcomputer control module energizes the electromagnetic valve 7 in the shunt device 17, the sampling port 22 is opened, and the leaching solution is introduced into the sampling container 18. And calculating the sampling amount according to the total number of pulses of tipping bucket turning, after the sampling amount reaches a certain capacity, controlling the electromagnetic valve 7 to be powered off by the single chip microcomputer control module, opening the waste water port 21, closing the sampling port 22, continuously flowing the solution into a waste water tank, controlling the stepping motor 8 to rotate by the single chip microcomputer control module, driving the electric turntable 19 to rotate for a fixed angle, and aligning the next vacant sampling container 18 to the solution sampling port 22, thereby realizing the purpose of sampling the drenched solution according to the flow proportion.
Referring to fig. 2, the embodiment of the present invention is as follows: the device should be properly positioned before the sampling collection process is initiated. And (5) finding a place where the terrain is flat, adjusting the posture of the device by using a horizontal adjusting device 10, and adjusting the measuring device to be horizontal according to a horizontal bubble 16.
After rainfall, the solution is filtered by the collecting device 11 through the filtering device 13 and enters the water diversion funnel 1. The solution flows into the dump 4 and the measurement is started. The single chip microcomputer control module 20 starts pulse counting, and the signal output device 3 starts to report to the remote end. After a certain flow ratio is reached, the single chip microcomputer control module 20 controls the electromagnetic valve 7 to switch the flow direction of the solution, and the solution enters the sampling container 18. After sampling is finished, the electromagnetic valve 7 is switched back to the original position, the solution is continuously led into the wastewater pool, and meanwhile, the electric turntable 19 rotates to prepare for next sampling.
It will be understood that modifications and variations can be made by persons skilled in the art in light of the above teachings and all such modifications and variations are considered to be within the scope of the invention as defined by the following claims.
Claims (2)
1. The utility model provides a drench solution volume real-time supervision and quantitative sampling system which characterized in that includes: the device comprises a leaching solution collecting device, a tipping bucket type leaching solution measuring device, a sample collecting device and a single chip microcomputer control module (20);
the leaching solution collecting device comprises a leaching solution collecting funnel (11), a filtering device (13), a collecting device hose (14) and a sensor arranged at the tail end of the collecting device hose (14); the filtering device (13) is arranged at the bottom of the leaching solution collecting funnel (11), and the collecting device hose (14) is arranged at the bottom of the filtering device (13); the sensor is connected with a single chip microcomputer control module (20), and the single chip microcomputer control module controls the work and stop of the system according to signals of the sensor;
the tipping bucket type leaching solution measuring device comprises a water diversion funnel (1), a signal output device (3), a tipping bucket (4), a tipping bucket bracket, constant magnetic steel (5) and a reed pipe (6); the water diversion funnel (1) is positioned right below the flexible pipe (14) of the collecting device and is used for receiving the drenching solution; the signal output device (3) is connected with the single-chip microcomputer control module (20) and outputs pulse signals to the single-chip microcomputer control module (20), and the single-chip microcomputer control module (20) counts the pulse signals; the tipping bucket (4) comprises two identical bucket-shaped containers, the two bucket-shaped containers are symmetrically arranged below the water diversion funnel (1), a liquid outlet at the lower end of the water diversion funnel (1) is arranged right opposite to the symmetrical surfaces of the two bucket-shaped containers, the bucket-shaped container at one side is higher than the bucket-shaped container at the other side when the tipping bucket is static, and the leaching solution can be dripped into the bucket-shaped container at the lifted side; the two bucket-shaped containers are respectively provided with a constant magnetic steel (5), the constant magnetic steel (5) is close to the reed switch (6) when the bucket-shaped containers fall down, the reed switch (6) outputs pulse signals outwards, and the overturning times of the tipping bucket are recorded according to the pulse signals;
the sample collection device comprises an electromagnetic valve (7), a stepping motor (8), a driver (9), a sampling container (18), a flow dividing device (17) and a turntable (19); the flow dividing device (17) comprises two liquid receiving pipes corresponding to the bucket-shaped container, the outlets of the bucket-shaped container are opposite to the inlets of the two liquid receiving pipes, the outlets of the two liquid receiving pipes are connected together, an electromagnetic valve (7) is arranged at the outlet, and the electromagnetic valve (7) is used for controlling the flow of the leaching solution from the waste water port (21) into the waste water pool or from the sampling port (22) into the sampling container (18); the driver (9) is connected with the stepping motor (8), the single chip microcomputer control module (20) is connected with the electromagnetic valve (7) and the driver (9), the single chip microcomputer control module (20) starts the driver (9) after counting the pulse signals to reach a set number, the driver starts the stepping motor (8) to rotate for a certain angle, and the turntable (19) rotates for a certain angle; and after counting the pulse signals to reach the set number, the singlechip control module (20) controls to open the electromagnetic valve (7).
2. The system according to claim 1, characterized in that the output shaft of the stepping motor (8) is connected with a small gear, the lower end of the rotary table (19) is fixed with a big gear, the small gear is meshed with the big gear, and the rotary table (19) is driven by the stepping motor to rotate; the sampling container (18) is fixedly arranged on the rotary disc (19), and one sampling container (18) is arranged at the lower end of the sampling port (22) when the rotary disc rotates once.
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN201920289288.7U CN209820864U (en) | 2019-03-07 | 2019-03-07 | Real-time monitoring and quantitative sampling system for leaching solution amount |
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN201920289288.7U CN209820864U (en) | 2019-03-07 | 2019-03-07 | Real-time monitoring and quantitative sampling system for leaching solution amount |
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Cited By (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN112033759A (en) * | 2020-09-10 | 2020-12-04 | 中国农业科学院农业资源与农业区划研究所 | Metering sampling device and method |
| CN112033760A (en) * | 2020-09-10 | 2020-12-04 | 中国农业科学院农业资源与农业区划研究所 | Integral sampling device and method |
| CN112964507A (en) * | 2021-02-01 | 2021-06-15 | 生态环境部南京环境科学研究所 | Integrated intelligent acquisition and analysis device for collecting and analyzing underground water leaching solution |
| CN113180478A (en) * | 2021-04-21 | 2021-07-30 | 深圳拓邦股份有限公司 | Liquid flow detection method and device and electrical equipment |
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2019
- 2019-03-07 CN CN201920289288.7U patent/CN209820864U/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
Cited By (8)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN112033759A (en) * | 2020-09-10 | 2020-12-04 | 中国农业科学院农业资源与农业区划研究所 | Metering sampling device and method |
| CN112033760A (en) * | 2020-09-10 | 2020-12-04 | 中国农业科学院农业资源与农业区划研究所 | Integral sampling device and method |
| CN112033760B (en) * | 2020-09-10 | 2024-04-19 | 中国农业科学院农业资源与农业区划研究所 | Integral sampling device and method |
| CN112033759B (en) * | 2020-09-10 | 2024-04-19 | 中国农业科学院农业资源与农业区划研究所 | Metering sampling device and method |
| CN112964507A (en) * | 2021-02-01 | 2021-06-15 | 生态环境部南京环境科学研究所 | Integrated intelligent acquisition and analysis device for collecting and analyzing underground water leaching solution |
| CN112964507B (en) * | 2021-02-01 | 2021-10-15 | 生态环境部南京环境科学研究所 | Integrated intelligent acquisition and analysis device for collecting and analyzing underground water leaching solution |
| CN113180478A (en) * | 2021-04-21 | 2021-07-30 | 深圳拓邦股份有限公司 | Liquid flow detection method and device and electrical equipment |
| CN113180478B (en) * | 2021-04-21 | 2023-02-03 | 深圳拓邦股份有限公司 | Liquid flow detection method and device and electrical equipment |
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