CN209818093U - Be used for soft rock tunnel face reinforcing apparatus - Google Patents
Be used for soft rock tunnel face reinforcing apparatus Download PDFInfo
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- CN209818093U CN209818093U CN201920294629.XU CN201920294629U CN209818093U CN 209818093 U CN209818093 U CN 209818093U CN 201920294629 U CN201920294629 U CN 201920294629U CN 209818093 U CN209818093 U CN 209818093U
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- tunnel face
- soft rock
- anchor rod
- tunnel
- rock tunnel
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Abstract
The utility model discloses a soft rock tunnel face reinforcing device, which comprises a protective layer arranged along the tunnel face; the device also comprises a plurality of hollow structure anchor rods which are inserted into the soft rock tunnel and vertical to the tunnel face; the surface of the anchor rod is provided with a plurality of grout overflow holes, and concrete grout in the anchor rod can overflow from the grout overflow holes; the tail end of the anchor rod is provided with a wood wedge; the utility model discloses carry out the back of consolidating in advance to soft rock tunnel face advanced core soil, can give full play to stock tensile, anti-shear capacity, realize the full length anchor, tunnel face stability obtains very big improvement, can avoid the tunnel radially to take place the too big convergence of vault and the deformation of astringing in advance and tunnel face extrusion deformation, excavation machinery can directly dig out and pass through, the security in the work progress has not only been improved, also can alleviate workman's intensity of labour, accelerate tunnelling speed, it is low to strut the expense, the economic benefits of improvement engineering, application prospect is extensive.
Description
Technical Field
The utility model relates to a soft rock tunnel consolidates technical field in advance, concretely relates to be used for soft rock tunnel face reinforcing apparatus.
Background
In the construction process of tunnel engineering, various complicated engineering geological conditions are inevitably met, and the engineering construction is difficult; for example, after the soft rock tunnel is excavated, disasters such as collapse, falling rocks, falling blocks and the like can occur on the tunnel face of the soft rock tunnel due to the deformation of the periphery of the tunnel, untimely support and construction, underground water erosion and the like; the construction is difficult, the construction equipment is damaged, the construction period is prolonged, the personal safety of constructors can be directly endangered more seriously, and great economic loss is caused; in the construction of large-section shallow-buried tunnel engineering of weak rock, a step method, a CRD method and a double-side-wall pilot tunnel method are generally adopted for construction; however, these methods have complicated construction procedures, serious material waste and slow engineering progress, and are difficult to meet the requirements of current engineering construction.
With the massive construction of underground engineering, the mechanized construction degree is continuously improved, and new technologies and new processes are adopted by numerous domestic projects; due to the construction difficulties of weak surrounding rock, easy instability of a tunnel face and the like in the construction of the pre-reinforced large-section tunnel, the pre-reinforced large-section tunnel is widely applied to tunnel engineering with very complex engineering geological conditions in recent years; however, the pre-reinforcement measures usually adopt steel bars and sprayed concrete to pre-reinforce the core soil ahead of the tunnel face under the geological conditions of weak surrounding rocks; however, excavation is required after the core soil body is reinforced, the cutting of the reinforcing steel bars not only increases the investment of engineering construction, but also causes material waste due to complex second-stage manufacturing process, greatly reduces the tunneling efficiency, is not beneficial to rapid construction, and is difficult to popularize and apply.
SUMMERY OF THE UTILITY MODEL
The utility model provides a simple structure, construction are convenient, consolidate effectual being used for soft rock tunnel face reinforcing apparatus.
The utility model adopts the technical proposal that: a soft rock tunnel face reinforcing device comprises a protective layer arranged along the tunnel face; the device also comprises a plurality of hollow structure anchor rods which are inserted into the soft rock tunnel and vertical to the tunnel face; the surface of the anchor rod is provided with a plurality of grout overflow holes, and concrete grout in the anchor rod can overflow from the grout overflow holes; the tail end of the anchor rod is provided with a wood wedge.
Further, the anchor rod is a bamboo anchor rod.
Furthermore, the end part of one end of the anchor rod penetrating into the soft rock tunnel is provided with a crack along the circumferential direction.
Furthermore, the grout overflow holes are distributed on the anchor rod body in a quincunx shape.
Furthermore, the anchor rods are distributed along the tunnel face in an array structure or arranged in a quincunx shape.
Further, the wood wedge is of a conical structure.
Further, the protective layer is a concrete layer and a reinforcing mesh.
The utility model has the advantages that:
(1) the utility model adopts the technical scheme that after the bamboo anchor rod is injected with the concrete slurry of a certain expanding agent, the anchor rod is fully expanded, and generates three-dimensional stress to peripheral weak surrounding rocks along the axis, thereby achieving the full-length anchoring effect, greatly improving the mechanical parameters of the soft surrounding rocks on the tunnel face, avoiding the tunnel from radially generating overlarge vault convergence and pre-convergence deformation and tunnel face extrusion deformation, and ensuring the construction safety;
(2) the utility model has simple structure, convenient construction, good pre-strengthening effect of the tunnel face, labor force reduction, high production efficiency, construction safety guarantee and construction progress acceleration, and can be widely applied to the advanced pre-strengthening of the tunnel face in various soft rock tunnel projects;
(3) the anchor rod of the utility model has high tensile strength, high bonding strength, light weight, good durability, easily obtained materials and low cost; the reinforced tunnel face can be directly excavated by an excavating machine, so that the construction efficiency is improved, the mechanization degree is high, and the factory benefit and the economic benefit are obvious.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a schematic view of a bolt structure.
Fig. 2 is a schematic view of the anchor rod in a top view.
Fig. 3 is a schematic view of the use state of the anchor rod.
Fig. 4 is a schematic diagram of the pre-reinforcing layout of the full cross section of the tunnel face anchor rod.
In the figure: 1-soft rock tunnel, 2-tunnel face, 3-anchor rod, 4-grout overflow hole, 5-concrete grout and 6-wood wedge.
Detailed Description
The present invention will be further described with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments.
A tunnel face reinforcing device for a soft rock tunnel comprises a protective layer arranged along a tunnel face 2; the device also comprises a plurality of hollow structure anchor rods 3 which are inserted into the soft rock tunnel 1 and are vertical to the tunnel face 2; the surface of the anchor rod 3 is provided with a plurality of grout overflow holes 4, and concrete grout 5 in the anchor rod 3 can overflow from the grout overflow holes 4; the tail end of the anchor rod 3 is provided with a wood wedge 6.
The anchor rod 3 is a bamboo anchor rod, and a crack is arranged at the end part of one end of the anchor rod 3, which penetrates into the soft rock tunnel 1, along the circumferential direction of the anchor rod; the grout overflow holes 4 are distributed on the rod body of the anchor rod 3 in a quincunx shape. The anchor rods 3 are distributed along the tunnel face 2 in an array structure or in a quincunx arrangement. The wooden wedge 6 is of a conical structure. The protective layer is a concrete layer and a reinforcing mesh.
Excavating the soft rock tunnel 1 to form a tunnel face 2, and pre-reinforcing the tunnel face 2 by adopting an anchor rod 3 full section before excavating the next section tunnel; after the anchor rod 3 is fully expanded, the full-length anchoring effect is achieved, the tunnel face 2 is restrained from generating excessive deformation, the tunnel can be prevented from generating excessive convergence and pre-convergence deformation of the arch crown and extrusion deformation of the tunnel face 2 in the radial direction, the stability of the tunnel face 2 is facilitated, and the construction safety is ensured. The soft rock tunnel 1 refers to surrounding rock with soft rock quality, low bearing capacity, joint crack development and broken structure, and the tunnel after excavation shows poor self-stabilizing capability and shows the characteristics of short self-stabilizing time and easy collapse. The tunnel face 2 refers to a working face of the tunnel, i.e. an interface between an excavated rock stratum and an unearthed rock stratum of the tunnel, which is continuously pushed forward in the tunnel excavation. The anchor rod 3 is a hollow grouting bamboo anchor rod and is a full-length bonding type anchor rod, the length of the bamboo anchor rod is generally 9m, the lap joint part is lapped for 2m, and the length of the bamboo anchor rod can be actually determined according to the field condition. The anchor rod 3 adopts quincunx to arrange the excessive thick liquid hole 4 in body of rod department, and follow-up concrete thick liquid 5 of being convenient for flows out from excessive thick liquid hole 4, forms an expansion ring with soft country rock on every side, consolidates soft country rock, further improves the stability of tunnel face 2. The end of the anchor rod 3 can be split into four pieces along the circumference of the bamboo rod, and after the concrete grout 5 is injected, an expanding head is formed at the end part, so that the anchoring effect of the anchor rod 3 is further improved. The anchor rod 3 can be made of phyllostachys pubescens, so that the durability of the phyllostachys pubescens can be fully exerted, and the characteristics of light weight, strong tensile property, easily obtained materials, low manufacturing cost and the like are added. The concrete grout 5 is doped with a certain content of expanding agent, and the expanding effect of the concrete grout after being injected into the anchor rod 3 is utilized to be more closely integrated with the surrounding strata, so that the mechanical parameters of the weak surrounding rock of the tunnel face 2 are greatly improved, and the dangerous accidents such as collapse and the like caused by instability are prevented. Wooden wedge 6 adopts stereoplasm wood to make, makes the toper, fills in 3 afterbody of stock after treating 3 slip casting of stock and seals, prevents that concrete grout 5 from flowing out, reaches and ends the thick liquid effect.
A construction method for a soft rock tunnel face reinforcing device is characterized by comprising the following steps:
step 1: excavating a tunnel section, sealing a tunnel face 2 by using sprayed concrete, wherein the sealing thickness can be set to be 7-10 cm, and then installing a layer of reinforcing mesh;
step 2: marking the position of an anchor rod 3 on the tunnel face 2; before drilling, the tunnel face 2 is clearly marked according to the designed position, so that the position is ensured to be accurate; the anchor rods 3 on the tunnel face 2 are arranged in a quincunx shape, the distance is 1.2 multiplied by 1.2m, the length is 9m, and the lap joint length is 2 m.
And step 3: drilling an anchor rod hole according to the marked position in the step 2, and driving the anchor rod hole into the anchor rod 3 after flushing; injecting concrete grout 5 containing an expanding agent, and arranging a wood wedge 6 after the anchor rod 3 is filled with the concrete grout 5; and after the concrete grout 5 is fully expanded, the reinforcing of the tunnel face of the soft rock tunnel is completed.
Adopting the rig to beat and establish the anchor rod hole, driving into stock 3 behind the anchor rod hole of washing, injecting concrete slurry 5 that contains the expanding agent immediately afterwards, after the thick liquid is filled up, in time tie up wooden wedge 6, prevent that the thick liquid from flowing out. After the concrete grout 5 is fully expanded to reinforce the tunnel face 2, part of the anchor rods 3 can be selected for carrying out anchoring force test. After the anchor rod 3 is adopted to fully pre-reinforce the tunnel face 2 through testing, the stability of the tunnel face 2 is ensured, safety is provided for subsequent engineering construction, the construction progress is accelerated, and the engineering benefit is remarkable.
The utility model discloses a 3 injection of bamboo stock contain the concrete slurry 5 backs of certain expanding agent, 3 abundant inflation of stock, produce three-dimensional stress to peripheral weak country rock along the axis, can reach full length anchor effect, very big improvement the mechanical parameter of 2 weak country rocks of tunnel face, can avoid the tunnel radially to take place the too big convergence of vault and the deformation of astringing in advance and 2 extrusion deformations of tunnel face, guaranteed construction safety. The bamboo anchor rod is wide in preparation material source, can be obtained nearby, simplifies the construction process, saves the anchor rod material and reduces the anchor rod cost; the characteristics of high tensile strength, high bonding strength, light weight, good durability, easily available materials, low manufacturing cost and the like of the bamboo are fully exerted; the tunnel face reinforced by the anchor rods 3 can be directly excavated by an excavating machine, so that the construction efficiency is improved, the mechanization degree is high, and the engineering benefit and the economic benefit are remarkable; the device of the utility model is simple in structure, construction convenience, tunnel face 2 pre-reinforcement is effectual, has reduced labour, production efficiency high, has ensured construction safety, is showing and accelerates the engineering progress, but the advanced pre-reinforcement measure of tunnel face among the wide application in all kinds of soft rock tunnel engineering. After the advanced core soil of the tunnel face of the soft rock tunnel is pre-reinforced, the tensile and anti-shearing capabilities of the anchor rod can be fully exerted, full-length anchoring is realized, the stability of the tunnel face is greatly improved, overlarge vault convergence and pre-convergence deformation and tunnel face extrusion deformation in the radial direction of the tunnel can be avoided, the excavation machine can directly dig out the tunnel, the safety in the construction process is improved, the labor intensity of workers can be reduced, the tunneling speed is accelerated, the supporting cost is low, the economic benefit of the engineering is improved, and the application prospect is wide.
Claims (7)
1. A tunnel face reinforcing device for a soft rock tunnel is characterized by comprising a protective layer arranged along a tunnel face (2); the device also comprises a plurality of hollow anchor rods (3) which are inserted into the soft rock tunnel (1) and are vertical to the tunnel face (2); the surface of the anchor rod (3) is provided with a plurality of grout overflow holes (4), and concrete grout (5) in the anchor rod (3) can overflow from the grout overflow holes (4); the tail end of the anchor rod (3) is provided with a wood wedge (6).
2. The soft rock tunnel face reinforcement device of claim 1, characterized in that the anchor rods (3) are bamboo anchor rods.
3. The soft rock tunnel face reinforcement device of claim 2, characterized in that the end of the anchor rod (3) penetrating into the soft rock tunnel (1) is provided with a slit along the circumference thereof.
4. The soft rock tunnel face reinforcement device of claim 1, characterized in that the grout holes (4) are distributed on the shank of the anchor (3) in a quincunx shape.
5. The soft rock tunnel face reinforcement device of claim 1, characterized in that the anchor rods (3) are distributed in an array structure or arranged in a quincunx shape along the tunnel face (2).
6. The soft rock tunnel face reinforcement device of claim 1, characterized in that the wooden wedge (6) is of a conical structure.
7. The soft rock tunnel face reinforcement device of claim 3, wherein the protective layer is a concrete layer and a steel mesh.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201920294629.XU CN209818093U (en) | 2019-03-08 | 2019-03-08 | Be used for soft rock tunnel face reinforcing apparatus |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201920294629.XU CN209818093U (en) | 2019-03-08 | 2019-03-08 | Be used for soft rock tunnel face reinforcing apparatus |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN209818093U true CN209818093U (en) | 2019-12-20 |
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ID=68874895
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201920294629.XU Expired - Fee Related CN209818093U (en) | 2019-03-08 | 2019-03-08 | Be used for soft rock tunnel face reinforcing apparatus |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| CN (1) | CN209818093U (en) |
Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN109826657A (en) * | 2019-03-08 | 2019-05-31 | 西南交通大学 | One kind being used for soft rock tunnel solidifying of the working face device and its construction method |
| CN113236286A (en) * | 2021-01-28 | 2021-08-10 | 中铁十九局集团第二工程有限公司 | Construction method for controlling large deformation of tunnel face of soft rock tunnel |
-
2019
- 2019-03-08 CN CN201920294629.XU patent/CN209818093U/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
Cited By (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN109826657A (en) * | 2019-03-08 | 2019-05-31 | 西南交通大学 | One kind being used for soft rock tunnel solidifying of the working face device and its construction method |
| CN113236286A (en) * | 2021-01-28 | 2021-08-10 | 中铁十九局集团第二工程有限公司 | Construction method for controlling large deformation of tunnel face of soft rock tunnel |
| CN113236286B (en) * | 2021-01-28 | 2024-03-05 | 中铁十九局集团第二工程有限公司 | Construction method for controlling large deformation of tunnel face of soft rock tunnel |
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| Date | Code | Title | Description |
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| GR01 | Patent grant | ||
| GR01 | Patent grant | ||
| CF01 | Termination of patent right due to non-payment of annual fee | ||
| CF01 | Termination of patent right due to non-payment of annual fee |
Granted publication date: 20191220 Termination date: 20210308 |