CN209797800U - utilize wind energy to carry domestic waste compost device of temperature - Google Patents
utilize wind energy to carry domestic waste compost device of temperature Download PDFInfo
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- CN209797800U CN209797800U CN201920472917.XU CN201920472917U CN209797800U CN 209797800 U CN209797800 U CN 209797800U CN 201920472917 U CN201920472917 U CN 201920472917U CN 209797800 U CN209797800 U CN 209797800U
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A40/00—Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production
- Y02A40/10—Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production in agriculture
- Y02A40/20—Fertilizers of biological origin, e.g. guano or fertilizers made from animal corpses
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
- Y02P20/00—Technologies relating to chemical industry
- Y02P20/10—Process efficiency
- Y02P20/133—Renewable energy sources, e.g. sunlight
Abstract
The utility model discloses a domestic waste composting device utilizing wind energy to increase temperature, which comprises a wind energy heat production device and an aerobic composting device. The device firstly converts wind energy into electric energy by using a wind power generation system, the electric energy is used for supplying power to an electric heater in a water storage tank to heat the electric heater, heated water in the water storage tank enters a shell of the aerobic composting device under the pushing of a water pump, and a liquid circulation loop is formed between the aerobic composting device and the water storage tank, so that the purpose of raising the temperature of the aerobic composting process is achieved; the aerobic composting device main body is a fermentation bin, the top and the bottom of the fermentation bin are respectively provided with a household garbage feeding port and a household garbage discharging port, and a temperature sensor, an oxygen sensor, a stirring device, an aeration device, a fermentation exhaust port and a percolate guiding structure are additionally arranged in the fermentation bin. The utility model solves the problem that the temperature of the composting system is difficult to rise in winter through the energy conversion form of wind energy, electric energy and heat energy, and realizes the reduction, the harmlessness and the resource treatment of the domestic garbage under the condition of low power consumption.
Description
Technical Field
The utility model relates to an aerobic composting device and a method, in particular to a domestic garbage composting device for raising temperature by utilizing wind energy, belonging to the field of solid waste treatment and recycling.
Background
The aerobic composting method has become an important method for domestic garbage treatment in cities and towns in China due to a series of advantages of simple treatment process, thorough material decomposition, relatively high harmless degree, short stacking period, realization of resource utilization, large-scale mechanical treatment and the like. The principle of the aerobic composting method is that the action of microorganisms on organic solid wastes is utilized to convert the solid wastes into decomposed and stable organic fertilizers, and simultaneously, the high-temperature environment in the composting process is utilized to kill germs and worm eggs in compost substrates, so that the aim of harmless composting is fulfilled. Temperature is one of the main factors influencing the quality of compost products, and most of the current composting processes do not add heat source devices, so that the composting process is greatly influenced by the environmental temperature. Especially in winter in northern areas of China, the composting process cannot reach the necessary high temperature (60-70 ℃) only by means of heat generated by the metabolic activity of microorganisms per se, and finally, the period of the composting process is prolonged, and the quality of composting products is reduced. In recent years, some novel composting devices begin to adopt a solar energy temperature raising method, but the devices cannot guarantee continuous and effective heat energy supply at night or in rainy days, and the composting effect is directly influenced.
Disclosure of Invention
The utility model aims to overcome the defects of the prior art, provide a domestic waste composting device utilizing wind energy to raise the temperature, solve the problem that the composting system is difficult to heat up in winter through the energy conversion form of wind energy-electric energy-heat energy, and can be used for treating the domestic waste efficiently and stably. The utility model discloses a specific technical scheme as follows:
A domestic garbage composting device for raising temperature by utilizing wind energy comprises a wind energy heat production device and an aerobic composting device; the wind energy heat production device comprises a wind power generation system, an electric heater and a water storage tank, wherein the electric heater is arranged in the water storage tank, and the electric heater is connected with the wind power generation system and provides heat production power; the aerobic composting device comprises a main body and a water storage tank, wherein the main body of the aerobic composting device is a fermentation bin, a shell of the fermentation bin is hollow, a hot water pipeline is arranged in the hollow part, the water storage tank is connected with the hot water pipeline to form a water circulation loop, and a water pump for providing circulation power is arranged on the water circulation loop; the top of the fermentation bin is provided with a domestic garbage feeding hole and a fermentation exhaust hole, and the domestic garbage feeding hole is provided with a feeding baffle which can be opened and closed; a stirring device, a temperature sensor and an oxygen sensor which are driven by a motor are arranged in the fermentation bin; the stirring device takes two horizontal straight pipes as stirring blades; a filter screen is laid at the lower part of the fermentation bin along the cross section, and an aeration pipe connected with an air pump is arranged above the filter screen; an inclined plate for guiding the percolate is arranged at the bottom of the fermentation bin below the filter screen; a compost product discharge port and a liquid discharge pipe are formed in the side wall of the fermentation bin, and the compost product discharge port and the liquid discharge pipe are respectively arranged above and below the filter screen; the compost product discharge port is provided with a discharge baffle which can be opened and closed.
Preferably, the wind power generation system comprises windmill blades, a generator, a storage battery and a current controller, wherein the windmill blades are arranged on an input shaft of the generator, and the generator is connected with the storage battery; the electric heater is connected with the storage battery through the current controller.
the device further comprises a control device, and the current controller, the water pump, the air pump, the motor, the temperature sensor and the oxygen sensor are all connected with the control device.
Furthermore, the windmill blades are of a three-blade type, the included angle between the blades is 120 degrees, and the blades are all made of glass fiber reinforced plastics.
Preferably, the volume of the water storage tank is 1/3 of the volume of the aerobic composting device, and a heat insulation material layer is arranged outside the tank.
Preferably, the outer wall of the hollow shell of the fermentation bin is made of heat-insulating materials, and the inner wall of the hollow shell of the fermentation bin is made of heat-conducting materials.
Preferably, in the stirring device, two horizontal straight pipes are respectively positioned at the 1/3 and 2/3 heights of the fermentation bin.
Preferably, the inclination angle of the inclined plate is 5-10 degrees, and the inlet of the liquid discharge pipe is positioned at the lowest point of the inclined plate.
Preferably, the filter screen is detachably arranged on the inner wall of the fermentation chamber.
The beneficial effects of the utility model reside in that: 1. by designing the shell of the composting device, the device can utilize wind energy to heat composting materials, can maintain the normal metabolic activity of composting microorganisms, improve the composting efficiency and the composting product maturity, and particularly can enable the high-temperature stage of the composting process to reach 60-70 ℃ in winter; 2. the wind energy is a renewable clean energy, the environment is friendly by utilizing the wind energy to generate heat, the operation cost is saved, the defect of solar heating can be overcome, the continuous transmission of heat can be ensured even at night and in rainy days, and the composting process is prevented from being influenced by the external environment; 3. set up temperature sensor and oxygen sensor in the fermentation storehouse, can real-time supervision compost material's temperature and oxygen content rate for feedback regulation and control operating temperature, aeration rate and stirring degree guarantee that the compost overall process all goes on under the optimal condition. The device of the utility model realizes the reduction, the harmlessness and the resource treatment of the domestic garbage under the condition of low power consumption.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic structural view of the wind energy temperature raising domestic waste composting apparatus of the present invention.
Fig. 2 is an enlarged schematic view of the fermentation chamber of the present invention.
Fig. 3 is a schematic structural diagram of a domestic waste composting device with a control device.
In the figure: 1-windmill blades, 2-generators, 3-supports, 4-storage batteries, 5-current controllers, 6-electric heaters, 7-water storage tanks, 8-control devices, 9-water pumps, 10-air pumps, 11-hot water pipelines, 12-fermentation bins, 13-feed inlets, 14-feed baffles, 15-motors, 16-temperature sensors, 17-oxygen sensors, 18-exhaust outlets, 19-stirring devices, 20-discharge outlets, 21-discharge baffles, 22-filter screens, 23-inclined plates and 24-liquid discharge outlets.
Detailed Description
The present invention will be described in further detail with reference to the accompanying drawings.
As shown in fig. 1 and 2, in one embodiment of the present invention, the domestic waste composting apparatus using wind energy to increase temperature includes a wind energy heat generating apparatus and an aerobic composting apparatus.
Wherein, wind energy heat production device includes wind power generation system and electric heater 6 and water storage tank 7, and electric heater 6 sets up inside water storage tank 7, submerges electric heater 6 after the water injection in water storage tank 7. The electric heater 6 is connected with the wind power generation system, and the wind power generation system provides heat-generating power. The wind power generation system can adopt any prior art device, in this embodiment, the wind power generation system comprises a windmill blade 1, a generator 2, a storage battery 4 and a current controller 5, the windmill blade 1 is mounted on an input shaft of the generator 2, and the windmill blade 1 receives wind power and rotates, so as to drive the generator 2 to generate electric energy. The generator 2 is supported on the ground by a support frame 3. The generator 2 is connected to the battery 4, and stores electric energy in the battery 4. The electric heater 6 is connected with the storage battery 4 through the current controller 5, and the current controller 5 controls the current supplied to the electric heater 6, thereby adjusting the water temperature in the water storage tank 7. In this embodiment, the volume of the water storage tank 7 is about 1/3 of the volume of the aerobic composting device, and a rubber-plastic heat-insulating material layer is arranged outside the tank to minimize heat loss.
The aerobic composting device main body is a fermentation chamber 12, the shell of the fermentation chamber 12 is hollow, and a hot water pipeline 11 penetrating through the upper part and the lower part of the shell is arranged in the hollow part. The water storage tank 7 is connected with a hot water pipeline 11 to form a water circulation loop, and a water pump 9 for providing circulating power is arranged on the water circulation loop. Under the drive of the water pump 9, the water in the water storage tank 7 can enter the hot water pipeline 11 for circulation, and then the internal temperature of the fermentation bin 12 is changed by adjusting the water temperature. Moreover, the outer wall of the hollow shell of the fermentation bin 12 adopts heat insulation materials to reduce heat loss as much as possible, and the inner wall adopts heat conduction materials to realize heat exchange between water and materials quickly. The top of the fermentation bin 12 is provided with a household garbage feeding hole 13 and a fermentation exhaust hole 18, the household garbage feeding hole 13 is provided with a feeding baffle 14, and the feeding baffle 14 is fixed on the side wall of the household garbage feeding hole 13 in a hinged mode and can control the opening and closing of the household garbage feeding hole 13. The gas generated in the fermentation chamber 12 can be discharged through the fermentation exhaust port 18, and the odor treatment device can be connected behind the exhaust port 18. A stirring device 19 is arranged in the fermentation bin 12, the tail end of the stirring device 19 is driven by a motor 15, an upper horizontal straight pipe and a lower horizontal straight pipe are vertically fixed on a central rotating shaft of the stirring device 19 in the fermentation bin 12 and are used as stirring blades, the upper stirring blade and the lower stirring blade are respectively positioned at the 1/3 and 2/3 heights of the fermentation bin 12, and the length of the stirring blades can cover most compost base materials. The top in the fermentation chamber 12 is also provided with a temperature sensor 16 and an oxygen sensor 17 for detecting the temperature and the oxygen content of the material in the chamber in real time.
In addition, the filtrate produced in the composting process needs to be discharged independently and cannot be accumulated in the fermentation bin 12, so a percolate guiding structure needs to be arranged at the bottom of the bin, the structure can achieve the solid-liquid separation effect and comprises a filter screen 22, an inclined plate 23 and a liquid outlet 24. The filter screen 22 is arranged at a certain height from the bottom of the inner cavity of the fermentation bin 12 and is fully paved along the cross section. The filter screen 22 is preferably detachably mounted on the inner wall of the fermentation chamber 12 to facilitate cleaning and replacement. An aeration pipe connected with the air pump 10 is arranged above the filter screen 22, and air is discharged from the aeration pipe through the air pump 10 to aerate the compost waste materials, so that the oxygen content is improved. The bottom of the fermentation bin 12 below the filter screen 22 is provided with an inclined plate 23 for guiding the percolate, the material is blocked by the filter screen 22 and is retained above the filter screen, and the percolate passes through the filter screen 22 and falls onto the inclined plate 23 and is collected to the lowest point under the action of gravity. A compost product outlet 20 and a liquid discharge pipe 24 are formed in the side wall of the fermentation bin 12, and the compost product outlet 20 and the liquid discharge pipe 24 are respectively arranged above and below the filter screen 22. The bottom of the compost product outlet 20 is flush with the surface of the screen 22 to facilitate the removal of the material. The compost product discharge port 20 is hinged with a discharge baffle 21, and the opening and closing of the compost product discharge port 20 can be controlled. The inclination angle of the sloping plate 23 at the bottom of the fermentation bin 12 is 5-10 degrees, and the inlet of the liquid discharge pipe 24 is positioned at the lowest point of the sloping plate 23, so that leachate can be discharged automatically. Leachate generated by composting is discharged out of the fermentation bin 12 through a liquid discharge pipe and then is subjected to centralized treatment.
Based on the domestic waste composting device, a domestic waste composting method for raising temperature by utilizing wind energy can be provided, and the method comprises the following steps:
1) The wind power generation system continuously generates electric energy under the driving of wind power and stores the electric energy in the storage battery 4; the storage battery 4 supplies power to the electric heater 6 and is used for heating the stored water in the water storage tank 7;
2) The sorted domestic garbage is fed into a fermentation bin 12 from a feed port 13 of an aerobic composting device until the target composting amount is reached, and composting is started by closing the feed port 13 through a feed baffle 14;
3) Continuously pumping water in the water storage tank 7 into a hot water pipeline 11 in the shell of a fermentation cabin 12 through a water pump 9, ventilating and aerating materials in the fermentation cabin 12 through an air pump 10, and simultaneously turning compost materials by regularly starting a stirring device 19;
In the composting process, the temperature sensor 16 monitors the real-time temperature of the composting materials, compares the real-time temperature with the target temperature preset in the current composting stage, and stops supplying power to the electric heater 6 by controlling the current controller 5 if the real-time temperature meets the requirement of the current composting stage, so that the circulating hot water in the hot water pipeline 11 is cooled, and the composting temperature is prevented from being too high; when the real-time temperature is lower than the requirement of the current composting stage, the current controller 5 is controlled to supply power to the electric heater 6 again to heat the composting device; in addition, the oxygen sensor 17 monitors the real-time oxygen content rate of the compost materials in the composting process, compares the real-time oxygen content rate with the target oxygen content rate preset in the current composting stage, and ensures that the oxygen content rate of the compost materials in the fermentation bin 12 meets the requirements of the current composting stage by adjusting the aeration frequency and the aeration quantity of the air pump 10;
4) Excessive gas generated in the composting process is discharged through a top exhaust port 18, and percolate generated in the composting flows into the bottom of the composting device through a filter screen 22 and is led out by a liquid discharge pipe 24 under the action of the gradient of an inclined plate 23 for centralized treatment;
5) After the composting period is over, the discharge flap 21 is opened and the composted product is removed from the discharge opening 20.
Therefore, the utility model discloses a compost device can utilize wind energy heating water storage, then regulates and control through the temperature to the water storage again, and then adjusts the temperature of compost device for also can normal operating when the device can't satisfy the compost requirement outside temperature. In the operation process of the device, the temperature and the oxygen content of compost materials are monitored in real time according to a temperature sensor and an oxygen sensor which are arranged in a fermentation bin, so that the operation temperature, the aeration quantity and the stirring degree are regulated and controlled in a feedback manner, and the whole composting process is ensured to be carried out under an optimized condition. Therefore, as shown in fig. 3, in another preferred embodiment, a control device 8 for automatically controlling the operation of the apparatus may be further provided, and the control device 8 may be implemented by an industrial control device such as a single chip, a PLC, or a DCS. The current controller 5, the water pump 9, the air pump 10, the motor 15, the temperature sensor 16, the oxygen sensor 17 and other equipment are connected with the control device 8, and closed-loop control can be realized. The operation process is described in detail as follows:
The windmill blades 1 are driven by wind power to rotate, the generator 2 is driven by the rotating shaft to realize wind power generation, and the storage battery 4 stores the potential energy of the wind power generation and supplies power to the electric heater 6 in the water storage tank 7 through the current controller 5. The water in the water storage tank 7 is heated by the electric heater 6 and enters a circulating hot water pipeline 11 in the aerobic composting device under the driving of the water pump 9 to heat the aerobic composting device. The artificially sorted domestic garbage enters a fermentation bin 12 from a feeding hole 13 of an aerobic composting device, and a feeding baffle 14 is closed in the composting process; ventilating the fermentation bin 12 by using an air pump 10, and turning over the compost base material by regularly starting a stirring device 19; the excessive gas generated in the compost is discharged through the top exhaust port 18, and the percolate generated in the compost flows into the bottom of the composting device through the filter screen 22 and is led out by the liquid discharge pipe 24 under the action of the slope of the inclined plate 23 for centralized treatment; after the end of the composting period, the discharge flap 21 is opened and the composted product is removed from the discharge opening 20. The composting device utilizing wind energy to raise the temperature enables aerobic composting microorganisms to be metabolized normally even in cold winter, and the composting efficiency and the composting quality are ensured.
The control device 8 can set the optimal working condition of the compost in stages according to different environmental requirements of different stages of aerobic composting, and automatically regulate and control the operation temperature, the aeration amount and the stirring degree according to the set conditions and the real-time environment in the operation process, thereby ensuring that the whole composting process is carried out under the optimized conditions. In the aspect of adjusting the composting temperature, the composting temperature in the high-temperature period needs to reach 60-70 ℃, the composting temperatures in the temperature rising period, the temperature lowering period and the rotting period cannot be too high, and the control device 8 can control the current to the electric heater 6 by operating the current controller 5, so that the temperatures in different stages of composting are adjusted and controlled. According to the composting temperature fed back by the temperature sensor 16, when the temperature meets the requirements of the composting stage, the control device 8 commands the current controller 5 to stop supplying power to the electric heater 6, so that the circulating hot water in the hot water pipeline 11 is cooled to prevent the composting temperature from being too high; and when the temperature is lower than the condition, the current controller 5 supplies power to the electric heater 6 again to heat the composting device. In terms of adjusting the oxygen content of the stack, the control device 8 adjusts the oxygen content in the fermentation chamber 12 by adjusting the aeration frequency and the aeration amount of the air pump 10 according to the feedback of the oxygen sensor 17. The control device 8 may also control the stirring device 19 to periodically stir the compost substrate.
the concrete connection mode between controlling means 8 and each equipment can design according to actual need, can adopt any connection mode that can realize corresponding function, and is right here the utility model discloses do not restrict. Of course, the control device 8 may be omitted as necessary, and is not an essential component.
The above-mentioned embodiments are merely a preferred embodiment of the present invention, but it is not intended to limit the present invention. Various changes and modifications can be made by one of ordinary skill in the pertinent art without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention. Therefore, all the technical schemes obtained by adopting the mode of equivalent replacement or equivalent transformation fall within the protection scope of the utility model.
Claims (9)
1. The utility model provides an utilize domestic waste compost device of wind energy temperature rise which characterized in that: comprises a wind energy heat production device and an aerobic composting device;
The wind energy heat production device comprises a wind power generation system, an electric heater (6) and a water storage tank (7), wherein the electric heater (6) is arranged in the water storage tank (7), the electric heater (6) is connected with the wind power generation system, and the wind power generation system provides heat production power;
The aerobic composting device is characterized in that the main body of the aerobic composting device is a fermentation bin (12), the shell of the fermentation bin (12) is hollow, a hot water pipeline (11) is arranged in the hollow part, the water storage tank (7) is connected with the hot water pipeline (11) to form a water circulation loop, and a water pump (9) for providing circulation power is arranged on the water circulation loop; the top of the fermentation bin (12) is provided with a domestic garbage feeding hole (13) and a fermentation exhaust hole (18), and the domestic garbage feeding hole (13) is provided with a feed baffle (14) which can be opened and closed; a stirring device (19) driven by a motor (15), a temperature sensor (16) and an oxygen sensor (17) are arranged in the fermentation chamber (12); the stirring device (19) takes two horizontal straight pipes as stirring blades; a filter screen (22) is laid on the lower part of the fermentation bin (12) along the cross section, and an aeration pipe connected with an air pump (10) is arranged above the filter screen (22); an inclined plate (23) for guiding the percolate is arranged at the bottom of the fermentation bin (12) below the filter screen (22); a compost product discharge port (20) and a liquid discharge pipe (24) are formed in the side wall of the fermentation bin (12), and the compost product discharge port (20) and the liquid discharge pipe (24) are respectively arranged above and below the filter screen (22); the compost product discharge port (20) is provided with a discharge baffle (21) which can be opened and closed.
2. The wind-powered domestic waste composting apparatus as claimed in claim 1, wherein: the wind power generation system comprises windmill blades (1), a generator (2), a storage battery (4) and a current controller (5), wherein the windmill blades (1) are arranged on an input shaft of the generator (2), and the generator (2) is connected with the storage battery (4); the electric heater (6) is connected with the storage battery (4) through the current controller (5).
3. the wind-powered domestic waste composting apparatus as claimed in claim 2, wherein: the device is characterized by further comprising a control device (8), wherein the current controller (5), the water pump (9), the air pump (10), the motor (15), the temperature sensor (16) and the oxygen sensor (17) are all connected with the control device (8).
4. the wind-powered domestic waste composting apparatus as claimed in claim 2, wherein: the windmill blades (1) are of a three-blade type, the included angle between every two blades is 120 degrees, and the blades are all made of glass fiber reinforced plastics.
5. The wind-powered domestic waste composting apparatus as claimed in claim 1, wherein: the volume of the water storage tank (7) is 1/3 of the volume of the aerobic composting device, and a heat insulation material layer is arranged outside the tank.
6. The wind-powered domestic waste composting apparatus as claimed in claim 1, wherein: the outer wall of the hollow shell of the fermentation bin (12) is made of heat-insulating materials, and the inner wall of the hollow shell of the fermentation bin is made of heat-conducting materials.
7. the wind-powered domestic waste composting apparatus as claimed in claim 1, wherein: in the stirring device (19), two horizontal straight pipes are respectively positioned at the 1/3 and 2/3 heights of the fermentation bin (12).
8. The wind-powered domestic waste composting apparatus as claimed in claim 1, wherein: the inclination angle of the inclined plate (23) is 5-10 degrees, and the inlet of the liquid discharge pipe (24) is located at the lowest point of the inclined plate (23).
9. The wind-powered domestic waste composting apparatus as claimed in claim 1, wherein: the filter screen (22) is detachably arranged on the inner wall of the fermentation bin (12).
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| CN201920472917.XU CN209797800U (en) | 2019-04-09 | 2019-04-09 | utilize wind energy to carry domestic waste compost device of temperature |
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Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN111116248A (en) * | 2020-02-27 | 2020-05-08 | 浙江大学 | Composting reactor capable of automatically adding compound microbial agent and method thereof |
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2019
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Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN111116248A (en) * | 2020-02-27 | 2020-05-08 | 浙江大学 | Composting reactor capable of automatically adding compound microbial agent and method thereof |
| CN111116248B (en) * | 2020-02-27 | 2023-10-10 | 浙江大学 | Composting reactor capable of automatically adding composite microbial agent and method thereof |
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