CN209764155U

CN209764155U - Wetland environment monitoring data acquisition circuit

Info

Publication number: CN209764155U
Application number: CN201920394379.7U
Authority: CN
Inventors: 廖章锦; 章雪挺
Original assignee: Hangzhou Dianzi University
Current assignee: Hangzhou Dianzi University
Priority date: 2019-03-26
Filing date: 2019-03-26
Publication date: 2019-12-10
Anticipated expiration: 2029-03-26

Abstract

the utility model discloses a wetland environmental monitoring data acquisition circuit. The utility model discloses a power supply circuit, sensor signal conversion circuit, master control circuit, RTC clock circuit and LCD screen control circuit. The sensor signal conversion circuit comprises a USART conversion circuit, a CAN bus conversion circuit and a 485 bus conversion circuit. The RTC clock circuit provides clock signals for a main control chip in the main control circuit through a clock chip. The USART conversion circuit comprises a serial port chip. The CAN bus conversion circuit comprises a CAN bus driver/receiver and a first surge suppression module. The 485 bus conversion circuit includes a 485 bus driver/receiver and a second surge suppression module. The utility model discloses can gather each item environmental parameter in the wetland fast, and then can make pointed references to intervene to the wetland environment.

Description

wetland environment monitoring data acquisition circuit

Technical Field

The utility model belongs to the technical field of wetland environmental monitoring, concretely relates to wetland environmental monitoring data acquisition circuit.

Background

The wet land is known as the kidney of the earth, can filter and clean drinking water, and provides habitat for various index species such as cattail, crane, alligator brachypodi and the like. The coastal wetland resources play an important role in social and economic development and ecological environment protection of coastal areas in China, generate huge social and economic values and make positive contribution to the economy of the coastal areas in China. However, with the social and economic development of coastal regions, a plurality of problems are exposed in the development and utilization of coastal wetland resources, and the unreasonable development and utilization bring irrecoverable losses and influences on the coastal wetland resources. The main problems are as follows: (1) the coastal wetland area is sharply reduced due to sea surrounding engineering, (2) the coastal wetland development and utilization is lack of overall planning, (3) the reclamation wetland cannot be fully utilized, (4) the ecological system of the coastal wetland is seriously polluted by the wetland, (5) the ecological environment is damaged due to heavy development and light protection, (6) the damage of the coastal wetland causes the coastline retreat.

The existing wetland environment monitoring system has the following conditions and problems:

the wetland environment monitoring data is the basis for people to know, develop and utilize the wetland and is a key link of the wetland environment protection work. The enhancement of the management and the sharing service of the wetland environmental monitoring data is one of the functions of wetland administrative management, and is an important guarantee for promoting the monitoring data to develop for the wetland economy and improving the wetland environmental protection decision level. The wetland has abundant resources and can provide a strong material foundation for the sustainable development of the human society. In recent years, with the increasing speed of urbanization, wetland development activities are gradually increased, and a plurality of problems of wetland ecological environment appear. Therefore, the evaluation of the wetland environmental effect is an important foundation and scientific basis for strengthening wetland protection, developing wetland planning and strengthening wetland management. In recent years, with the development of science and technology, informatization gradually permeates into the traditional monitoring mode, and the combination of high technology and the traditional mode. The parallel of business monitoring and on-line monitoring correspondingly changes the daily work and management mode of wetland environment monitoring. Meanwhile, the promotion of ecological civilization construction work and the proposal of an ecological sea-using concept also put higher requirements on wetland environment protection work, and new requirements are correspondingly generated on the management and application service of wetland environment monitoring data. But our wetland condition monitoring also has many problems, such as: (1) the data quality control process lacks uniform specifications. (2) Data collection and supervision are insufficient. (3) Database construction lacks uniform planning. (4) And a data product with knowledge and decision is lacked.

Disclosure of Invention

An object of the utility model is to provide a wetland environmental monitoring data acquisition circuit.

the utility model discloses a power supply circuit, sensor signal conversion circuit, master control circuit, RTC clock circuit and LCD screen control circuit. The sensor signal conversion circuit comprises a USART conversion circuit. The RTC clock circuit provides clock signals for a main control chip in the main control circuit through a clock chip. The power supply circuit comprises a 5V data acquisition and power supply module and a 3.3V data acquisition and power supply module. The 5V data acquisition and power supply module and the 3.3V data acquisition and power supply module supply power for the sensor signal conversion circuit, the master control circuit and the RTC clock circuit.

The USART conversion circuit comprises three USART conversion units. The USART conversion unit comprises a serial port chip. The serial port isolation chip adopts an isolation serial port chip with the model number of RSM 232. And a pin 1 of the serial port chip is connected with one end of a resistor R11, the anode of a polar capacitor C16, one end of a capacitor C17, the cathode of a transient suppression diode TVS2 and the +5V power output end of the 5V data acquisition power supply module. And the 4 pins of the serial port chip are the output serial port receiving end of the USART conversion circuit. And the 3 pins of the serial port chip are an output serial port sending end of the USART conversion circuit. The other end of the resistor R11 is connected with the anode of the LED 3. And a 2 pin of the serial chip, a cathode of the light emitting diode LED3, a cathode of the polar capacitor C16, the other end of the capacitor C17 and an anode of the transient suppression diode TVS2 are connected and then connected with a digital ground wire. The 6 pins of the serial chip are connected with the cathode of the transient suppression diode TVS1, the cathode of the transient suppression diode TVS3 and one end of the self-recovery fuse RT 1. The 7 pins of the serial chip are connected with the anode of the transient suppression diode TVS1, the cathode of the transient suppression diode TVS4 and one end of the self-recovery fuse RT 2. The 8 pins of the serial chip are connected with the transient suppression diode TVS3, the anode of the transient suppression diode TVS4, the resistor RM1 and one end of the capacitor CM 1. The other end of the self-healing fuse RT1 is connected to a first terminal of the detonator GDT 1. The end of the self-recovery fuse RT1 far away from the serial port chip is a serial port receiving end of the USART conversion unit. The other end of the self-healing fuse RT2 is connected to a second terminal of the detonator GDT 1. The end of the self-recovery fuse RT2 far away from the serial port chip is a serial port transmitting end TOUT1 of the USART conversion unit. The resistor RM1, the other end of the capacitor CM1 and the third terminal of the detonator GDT1 are all connected with a digital ground wire.

The 4 pins of the serial port chips in the three USART conversion units are respectively a first output serial port receiving end, a second output serial port receiving end and a third output serial port receiving end of the USART conversion circuit. The 3 pins of the serial port chips in the three USART conversion units are respectively a first output serial port sending end, a second output serial port sending end and a third output serial port sending end of the USART conversion circuit. A first output serial port receiving end, a second output serial port receiving end, a third output serial port receiving end, a first output serial port sending end, a second output serial port sending end and a third output serial port sending end of the USART conversion circuit are all connected with the main control circuit.

Furthermore, the utility model also comprises an environment acquisition sensor group; the environment acquisition sensor group comprises sensors output by an RS-232 interface. The serial port receiving ends of the three USART conversion units are respectively connected with the signal transmitting ends of the three sensors output by RS-232 interfaces; the serial port transmitting ends of the three USART conversion units are respectively connected with the signal receiving ends of the three sensors output by RS-232 interfaces.

The sensor signal conversion circuit further comprises a CAN bus conversion circuit. The CAN bus conversion circuit comprises a CAN bus driver/receiver and a first surge suppression module. The CAN bus driver/receiver adopts an isolated CAN bus transceiver chip with the model number CTM 1051M. The first surge suppression module adopts a signal surge suppressor with the model number SP00S 12. The 4 pins of the CAN bus driver/receiver are connected with the anode of a polar capacitor C41, one end of a capacitor C42, the cathode of a transient suppression diode TVS13, the anode of a light emitting diode LED6 and the +5V power output end of a 5V data acquisition power supply module. The cathode of the polar capacitor C41, the other end of the capacitor C42, the anode of the transient suppression diode TVS13, the cathode of the light emitting diode LED6, and the 3 pins of the CAN bus driver/receiver are all connected to digital ground. The pin 7 of the CAN bus driver/receiver is connected with the pin 5 of the first surge suppression module, and the pin 6 is connected with the pin 8 of the first surge suppression module. And the pin 5 of the CAN bus driver/receiver, the pin 6 of the first surge suppression module and the pin 7 of the first surge suppression module are all connected with a digital ground wire. Pins 2 and 3 of the first surge suppression module are connected with one end of the resistor R24 and the capacitor C43 and connected with a digital ground line. The other ends of the resistor R24 and the capacitor C43 are connected with the +5V power supply output end of the 5V data acquisition power supply module. And a 4-pin of the first surge suppression module is a CAN high-bit data transmission end of the CAN bus conversion circuit. And a pin 1 of the first surge suppression module is a CAN low-bit data transmission end of the CAN bus conversion circuit. And a pin 1 of the CAN bus driver/receiver is used as an output signal receiving end of the CAN bus conversion circuit, and a pin 2 is used as an output signal sending end of the CAN bus conversion circuit. And an output signal receiving end and an output signal sending end of the CAN bus conversion circuit are connected with the master control circuit. The environment acquisition sensor group also comprises a sensor output by a CAN bus. A CAN high-bit data transmission end and a CAN low-bit data transmission end of the CAN bus conversion circuit are connected with a transmission interface of a sensor output by a CAN bus;

The sensor signal conversion circuit also comprises a 485 bus conversion circuit; the 485 bus conversion circuit comprises a 485 bus driver/receiver and a second surge suppression module. The 485 bus driver/receiver adopts an isolation 485 bus transceiver chip with the model of RSM485, and the second surge suppression module adopts a signal surge suppressor with the model of SP00S 12. The 1 pin of the 485 bus driver/receiver is connected with the anode of a polar capacitor C44, one end of a capacitor C45, the cathode of a transient suppression diode TVS14, the anode of a light emitting diode LED7 and the +5V power output end of a 5V data acquisition power supply module. The cathode of the polar capacitor C44, the other end of the capacitor C45, the anode of the transient suppression diode TVS14, the cathode of the light emitting diode LED7, and the 2 pin of the 485 bus driver/receiver are all connected to digital ground. The 485 bus driver/receiver has 7 pins connected to one end of resistor R25, 8 pins connected to one end of resistor R26 and the 5 pins of the second surge suppression module, and 9 pins connected to the other end of resistor R25 and the 8 pins of the second surge suppression module. And a pin 10 of the 485 bus driver/receiver, the other end of the resistor R26, and pins 6 and 7 of the second surge suppression module are all connected with a digital ground wire. And the pin 2 and the pin 3 of the second surge suppression module are connected with one end of the resistor R27 and one end of the capacitor C46 and are connected with a digital ground wire in parallel. The other ends of the resistor R27 and the capacitor C46 are connected with the +5V power supply output end of the 5V data acquisition power supply module. And the 4-pin of the second surge suppression module is the 485 data transmission negative terminal of the 485 bus conversion circuit. And the pin 1 of the second surge suppression module is the 485 data transmission positive terminal of the 485 bus conversion circuit. And 3 pins of the 485 bus driver/receiver are used as an output signal receiving end of the 485 bus conversion circuit. The 4 pins of the 485 bus driver/receiver are used as the output signal receiving end of the 485 bus conversion circuit. And an output signal receiving end of the 485 bus conversion circuit are both connected with the master control circuit. The environment acquisition sensor group also comprises a sensor output by an RS-485 interface. And a 485 data transmission positive end and a 485 data transmission negative end of the 485 bus conversion circuit are connected with a transmission interface of the sensor output by the RS-485 interface.

Further, the 5V data acquisition power supply module comprises a fourth switch power supply chip. The fourth switching power supply chip adopts an isolation DC-DC switching power supply chip with the model number WRB 2405N. And the pin 16 of the fourth switching power supply chip and the anode of the polarity capacitor C11 are connected and then connected with the external 24V voltage. And a pin 1 of the fourth switching power supply chip and the negative electrode of the polar capacitor C11 are both connected with a common ground wire. And a 9 pin of the fourth switching power supply chip, one end of the resistor R8 and the positive electrode of the polar capacitor C12 are connected and then serve as a 5V power supply output end 5V of the 5V data acquisition power supply module. And a pin 10 of the fourth switching power supply chip, the cathode of the polar capacitor C12 and the other end of the resistor R8 are all connected with a digital ground line VDD. And the other pins of the fourth switch power supply chip are all suspended.

The 3.3V data acquisition power supply module comprises a level conversion chip, and the model of the level conversion chip is LM 1117. The 3 pin of the level conversion chip is connected with the anode of the polarity capacitor C65, one end of the capacitor C66 and the +5V power output end 5V of the 5V data acquisition power supply module. And a pin 1 of the level conversion chip, the cathode of the polar capacitor C65 and the other end of the capacitor C66 are all connected with a common ground wire. The 2 pin and the 4 pin of the level conversion chip are connected with the anode of the polar capacitor C67, one end of the capacitor C68 and one end of the resistor R37 and then are used as the 3.3V power output end of the 3.3V data acquisition power supply module. The other end of the resistor R37 is connected to the anode of the light emitting diode LED 14. The cathode of the polar capacitor C67, the other end of the capacitor C68 and the cathode of the LED14 are all connected to a common ground.

Further, the power supply circuit also comprises a 12V sensor power supply module and a 5V sensor power supply module. The 12V sensor power supply module comprises a first switching power supply chip. The first switching power supply chip adopts a DC-DC switching power supply chip with the model number XL 4016. The 5-pin of the first switching power supply chip is connected with the anode of the polarity capacitor C1, one end of the capacitor C2, one end of the capacitor C3 and the external 24V voltage. The cathode of the polar capacitor C1 and the other end of the capacitor C2 are both connected to a common ground. The other end of the capacitor C3 is connected with the 4 pins of the first switching power supply chip. The 3-pin of the first switching power supply chip is connected with one end of the inductor L1 and the cathodes of the Schottky diode D1 and the Schottky diode D2. The other end of the inductor L1 is connected to the positive electrode of the polar capacitor C4, one end of the capacitor C5, one end of the resistor R2, and one end of the resistor R1. The other end of the resistor R2 is connected with the anode of the LED 1. The other end of the resistor R1 is connected with one end of the resistor R3. The other end of the resistor R3 is connected with one end of the resistor R4 and the 2 pin of the first switching power supply chip. The 1 pin of the first switching power supply chip, the anode of the schottky diode D1, the anode of the schottky diode D2, the cathode of the polar capacitor C4, the other end of the capacitor C5, the cathode of the light emitting diode LED1 and the other end of the resistor R4 are all connected with a common ground wire. The ratio of the sum of the resistance values of the resistor R1 and the resistor R3 to the resistance value of R4 is 26: 3.

The 5V sensor power supply module comprises a second switching power supply chip. The second switching power supply chip adopts a DC-DC switching power supply chip with the model number XL 4016. The 5-pin of the second switching power supply chip is connected with the anode of the polarity capacitor C6, one end of the capacitor C7, one end of the capacitor C8 and the external 24V voltage. The cathode of the polar capacitor C6 and the other end of the capacitor C7 are both connected to a common ground. The other end of the capacitor C8 is connected with the 4 pins of the first switching power supply chip. The 3-pin of the second switching power supply chip is connected with one end of the inductor L2, the cathode of the Schottky diode D3 and the cathode of the Schottky diode D4. The other end of the inductor L2 is connected to the positive electrode of the polar capacitor C9, one end of the capacitor C10, one end of the resistor R6, and one end of the resistor R5. The other end of the resistor R6 is connected with the anode of the LED 2. The other end of the resistor R5 is connected with one end of the resistor R7 and the 2 pin of the second switching power supply chip. The 1 pin of the first switching power supply chip, the anode of the schottky diode D3, the anode of the schottky diode D4, the cathode of the polar capacitor C9, the other end of the capacitor C10, the cathode of the light emitting diode LED2 and the other end of the resistor R7 are all connected with a common ground wire. The ratio of the resistance values of the resistors R5 and R4 is 10: 3.24.

Furthermore, the main control circuit comprises a main control chip. The main control chip adopts a single chip microcomputer with the model number of STM32F103ZET 6. The pin 25 of the main control chip is connected with one end of the resistor R30, the capacitor 47 and the KEY switch KEY 1. The other end of the resistor R30 is connected with the 3.3V power supply output end of the 3.3V data acquisition power supply module. The other ends of the capacitor C47 and the KEY switch KEY1 are connected with a common ground wire. The pins 6, 72, 108, 144, 39, 17, 52, 62, 84, 95, 121, 131 and 32 of the main control chip are all connected with the capacitor C53, the capacitor C54, the capacitor C55, the capacitor C56, the capacitor C57, the capacitor C58, the capacitor C59, the capacitor C60, the capacitor C61, the capacitor C62, the capacitor C63, one end of the capacitor C64, one end of the capacitor C50 and the 3.3V power output end of the power supply module. The pin 33 of the main control chip is connected to one end of the capacitor 51 and one end of the capacitor 52. The other ends of the pins 138, 48, 71, 107, 143, 38, 16, 51, 61, 83, 94, 120, 130, 30, 31, the capacitor 51, the capacitor 52, the capacitor C53, the capacitor C54, the capacitor C55, the capacitor C56, the capacitor C57, the capacitor C58, the capacitor C59, the capacitor C60, the capacitor C61, the capacitor C62, the capacitor C63, the capacitor C64 and the capacitor C50 of the main control chip are all connected with a common ground wire. The pin 23 of the master control chip is connected with one end of the capacitor C49 and the crystal oscillator Y3, and the pin 24 is connected with one end of the capacitor C48 and the other end of the crystal oscillator Y3. The other ends of the capacitor C48 and the capacitor C49 are connected with a common ground wire.

Pins 101 and 102 of the main control chip are respectively connected with a first output serial port receiving end and a first output serial port sending end of a USART conversion circuit of the USART conversion circuit. Pins 37 and 36 of the main control chip are respectively connected with a second output serial port receiving end and a second output serial port sending end of the USART conversion circuit. Pins 70 and 69 of the main control chip are respectively connected with a third output serial port receiving end and a third output serial port sending end of a USART conversion circuit of the USART conversion circuit. Pins 139 and 140 of the main control chip are respectively connected with an output signal receiving end and an output signal transmitting end of the CAN bus conversion circuit. Pins 10 and 11 of the main control chip are respectively connected with an output signal receiving end and an output signal receiving end of the 485 bus conversion circuit.

Further, the utility model discloses still include file management circuit. The file management circuit comprises an SD card socket. The 7 pin, the 8 pin, the 1 pin, the 2 pin and the 3 pin of the SD card holder are respectively connected to one end of the resistor R42, the resistor R41, the resistor R40, the resistor R39 and the resistor R38, and are respectively a first data terminal, a second data terminal, a third data terminal, a fourth data terminal and a command terminal of the file management circuit. The 5 pins of the SD card socket are the clock bus transmission ends of the file management circuit. The other end of the resistor R38, the resistor R39, the resistor R40, the resistor R41 and the other end of the resistor R42, the 4-pin of the SD card holder and one end of the capacitor C69 are all connected with a 3.3V power output end of the 3.3V data acquisition power supply module. The pins 6, 10, 11 and 12 of the SD card socket and the other end of the capacitor C69 are all connected with a common ground wire. The first data terminal, the second data terminal, the third data terminal, the fourth data terminal and the command terminal of the file management circuit are respectively connected with pins 98, 99, 111 and 112 of the main control chip. The clock bus transmission end and the command end of the file management circuit are respectively connected with pins 113 and 116 of the main control chip.

Further, the RTC clock circuit includes a clock chip. The model of the clock chip is DS3231 SN. The 2 pins of the clock chip are connected with one end of the capacitor C70, one end of the capacitor C71, one end of the resistor R43 and the 3.3V power output end of the 3.3V data acquisition power supply module. The other ends of the capacitor C70 and the capacitor C71 are connected with a common ground wire. The 3 pin of the clock chip is connected with the other end of the resistor R43. Pins 5, 6, 7 and 8 of the clock chip are all connected with a common ground wire. Pins 15 and 16 of the clock chip are respectively connected with one ends of the resistor R45 and the resistor R44. The other ends of the resistor R45 and the resistor R44 are connected with a 3.3V power supply output end of the 3.3V data acquisition power supply module. One end of a 14 pin of the clock chip is connected with one end of a capacitor C72 and the positive electrode of the button battery BT 1. And pins 9, 10, 11, 12 and 13 of the clock chip, the other end of the capacitor C72 and the cathode of the button battery BT1 are all connected with a common ground wire. The clock chip has 16 pins as the I2C clock terminal of the RTC clock circuit, 15 pins as the I2C control terminal of the RTC clock circuit, and 3 pins as the clock signal output terminal of the RTC clock circuit. The clock signal output end, the I2C clock end and the I2C control end of the RTC clock circuit are respectively connected with pins 132, 136 and 137 of the main control chip.

Further, the utility model discloses still include LCD screen control circuit. The LCD screen control circuit comprises an LCD screen. The LCD screen is model ILI 9341. A29 pin of the LCD screen is connected with a +5V power output end of the 5V data acquisition power supply module, a 31 pin is connected with a 3.3V power output end of the 3.3V data acquisition power supply module, and a 1 pin, a 30 pin and a 32 pin are all connected with a common ground wire. Pins 18, 17, 16, 15, 14, 13, 12, 11, 10, 9, 8, 7, 6, 5, 4, 3 of the LCD panel are respectively connected with pins 85, 86, 114, 115, 58, 59, 60, 63, 64, 65, 66, 67, 68, 77, 78, 79 of the main control chip. Pins 2, 28, 22, 19, 20, 21, 23, 26, 25, 24 and 27 of the LCD screen are respectively connected with pins 126, 91, 127, 118, 119, 1, 117, 18, 49, 22 and 21 of the main control chip.

The utility model has the advantages that:

1. The utility model discloses support the common collection of multichannel sensor signal

2. the utility model discloses support the common input of I2C communication protocol, RS-232 communication protocol, CAN bus communication protocol, RS-485 bus communication protocol data.

3. The utility model discloses can the record time, the event can guarantee the real-time of data, makes the data of gathering and the real time couple of geography.

4. The utility model discloses an implement visit and observe, ultimate data signal pass through GPRS signal package and upload to the server end.

5. The utility model discloses a file management's function can realize the save and the backup of data.

6. The utility model discloses a liquid crystal display shows sensor data in real time, makes things convenient for scientific research personnel to read data when working on the spot.

drawings

FIG. 1 is a block diagram of the system of the present invention;

Fig. 2a is a schematic circuit diagram of a 12V sensor power supply module according to the present invention;

fig. 2b is a schematic circuit diagram of a 5V sensor power supply module according to the present invention;

fig. 2c is a schematic circuit diagram of the 5V data acquisition power supply module of the present invention;

fig. 2d is a schematic circuit diagram of the 3.3V data acquisition power supply module of the present invention;

Fig. 3a is a schematic circuit diagram of a USART conversion circuit according to the present invention;

Fig. 3b is a schematic circuit diagram of the CAN bus switching circuit of the present invention;

Fig. 3c is a schematic circuit diagram of the 485 bus conversion circuit of the present invention;

FIG. 4 is a schematic circuit diagram of a file management circuit according to the present invention;

FIG. 5 is a schematic circuit diagram of a RTC clock circuit of the present invention;

Fig. 6a is a schematic circuit diagram of a power supply portion of a main control chip in the main control circuit of the present invention;

fig. 6b is a schematic circuit diagram of the control part of the main control chip in the main control circuit of the present invention;

Fig. 7 is a schematic circuit diagram of the control circuit of the LCD panel of the present invention.

Detailed Description

The present invention will be further explained with reference to the accompanying drawings.

as shown in fig. 1, the wetland environment monitoring data acquisition circuit includes a power circuit 1, an environment acquisition sensor group 2, a sensor signal conversion circuit 3, a file management circuit 4, a master control circuit 5, an RTC clock circuit 6 and an LCD screen control circuit 7. The environment acquisition sensor group 2 comprises a sensor output by an RS-232 interface, a sensor output by a CAN bus and a sensor output by an RS-485 interface. The sensors in the environment acquisition sensor group 2 are used for detecting temperature, humidity, rainfall, wind speed, wind direction, net radiation value, light quantum value, soil temperature, soil salinity, soil water content and soil heat flux value. The sensor signal conversion circuit 3 comprises a USART conversion circuit 3-1, a CAN bus conversion circuit 3-2 and a 485 bus conversion circuit 3-3. The sensor output by the RS-232 interface is connected with the main control circuit 5 through a serial port chip in the USART conversion circuit 3-1. The sensor output by the CAN bus is connected with the main control circuit 5 through a CAN bus driver/receiver in the CAN bus conversion circuit 3-2. The sensor output by the RS-485 interface is connected with the main control circuit 5 through a 485 bus driver/receiver in the 485 bus conversion circuit 3-3. The file management circuit 4 receives and stores the environment data transmitted by the main control circuit 5 through the SD card. The RTC clock circuit 6 provides a clock signal to the main control chip in the main control circuit 5 through the clock chip. The LCD screen control circuit 7 is connected with the main control module and displays the data acquired by the environment acquisition sensor group 2 through the LCD screen.

The power circuit 1 comprises a 12V sensor power supply module 1-1, a 5V sensor power supply module 1-2, a 5V data acquisition power supply module 1-3 and a 3.3V data acquisition power supply module 1-4. The 12V sensor power supply module 1-1 and the 5V sensor power supply module 1-2 supply power for each sensor in the environment acquisition sensor group 2. The 5V data acquisition power supply modules 1-3 and the 3.3V data acquisition power supply modules 1-4 supply power for the sensor signal conversion circuit 3, the file management circuit 4, the main control circuit 5, the RTC clock circuit 6 and the LCD screen control circuit 7.

As shown in fig. 2a, the 12V sensor power supply module 1-1 includes a first switching power chip XL 1. The first switching power supply chip XL1 adopts a DC-DC switching power supply chip with the model number XL 4016. The 5 pins of the first switching power supply chip XL1 are connected with the anode of the polarity capacitor C1, one end of the capacitor C2, one end of the capacitor C3 and the external 24V voltage. The cathode of the polar capacitor C1 and the other end of the capacitor C2 are both connected to the common ground GND. The other end of the capacitor C3 is connected with the 4 pins of the first switching power supply chip XL 1. The 3-pin of the first switching power supply chip XL1 is connected to one end of the inductor L1, the cathode of the schottky diode D1 and the cathode of the schottky diode D2. The other end of the inductor L1 is connected to the positive electrode of the polar capacitor C4, one end of the capacitor C5, one end of the resistor R2, and one end of the resistor R1 to serve as a 12V power supply output terminal VCC12 of the 12V sensor power supply module 1-1. The other end of the resistor R2 is connected with the anode of the LED 1. The other end of the resistor R1 is connected with one end of the resistor R3. The other end of the resistor R3 is connected with one end of the resistor R4 and 2 pins of the first switching power supply chip XL 1. The 1 pin of the first switching power supply chip XL1, the anode of the Schottky diode D1, the anode of the Schottky diode D2, the cathode of the polar capacitor C4, the other end of the capacitor C5, the cathode of the light-emitting diode LED1 and the other end of the resistor R4 are all connected with a common ground wire GND. The ratio of the sum of the resistance values of the resistor R1 and the resistor R3 to the resistance value of R4 is 26: 3.

as shown in fig. 2b, the 5V sensor power supply module 1-2 includes a second switching power chip XL 2. The second switching power supply chip XL2 adopts a DC-DC switching power supply chip with the model number XL 4016. The 5 pins of the second switching power supply chip XL2 are connected with the anode of the polarity capacitor C6, one end of the capacitor C7, one end of the capacitor C8 and the external 24V voltage. The cathode of the polar capacitor C6 and the other end of the capacitor C7 are both connected to the common ground GND. The other end of the capacitor C8 is connected with the 4 pins of the first switching power supply chip XL 1. The 3-pin of the second switching power supply chip XL2 is connected to one end of the inductor L2, the cathode of the schottky diode D3, and the cathode of the schottky diode D4. The other end of the inductor L2 is connected to the anode of the polar capacitor C9, one end of the capacitor C10, one end of the resistor R6, and one end of the resistor R5 to serve as a 5V power supply output terminal VCC5 of the 5V sensor power supply module 1-2. The other end of the resistor R6 is connected with the anode of the LED 2. The other end of the resistor R5 is connected with one end of the resistor R7 and 2 pins of the second switching power supply chip XL 2. The 1 pin of the first switching power supply chip XL1, the anode of the Schottky diode D3, the anode of the Schottky diode D4, the cathode of the polar capacitor C9, the other end of the capacitor C10, the cathode of the light-emitting diode LED2 and the other end of the resistor R7 are all connected with a common ground wire GND. The ratio of the resistance values of the resistors R5 and R4 is 10: 3.24.

As shown in fig. 2c, the 5V digital power supply module 1-3 includes a fourth switching power supply chip WRB. The fourth switching power supply chip WRB adopts an isolation DC-DC switching power supply chip with the model number WRB 2405N. And the pin 16 of the fourth switching power supply chip WRB and the anode of the polarity capacitor C11 are connected and then connected with the external 24V voltage. And the pin 1 of the fourth switching power supply chip WRB and the cathode of the polarity capacitor C11 are both connected to a common ground GND. And a pin 9 of the fourth switching power supply chip WRB, one end of the resistor R8 and the positive electrode of the polar capacitor C12 are connected and then serve as a +5V power supply output end 5V of the 5V data acquisition power supply module 1-3. And a pin 10 of the fourth switching power supply chip WRB, the cathode of the polar capacitor C12 and the other end of the resistor R8 are all connected with a digital ground line VDD. And the rest pins of the fourth switching power supply chip WRB are all suspended.

As shown in FIG. 2d, the 3.3V digital sampling power supply modules 1-4 include a level shift chip UP1, and the model of the level shift chip UP1 is LM 1117. The 3 pin of the level conversion chip UP1 is connected with the anode of the polar capacitor C65, one end of the capacitor C66 and the +5V power output end 5V of the 5V data acquisition power supply module 1-3. The pin 1 of the level conversion chip UP1, the cathode of the polar capacitor C65 and the other end of the capacitor C66 are all connected with the common ground GND. The 2 pin and the 4 pin of the level shift chip UP1 are connected to the positive electrode of the polar capacitor C67, one end of the capacitor C68 and one end of the resistor R37, and then are used as the 3.3V power output terminal 3V3 of the 3.3V digital power supply module 1-4. The other end of the resistor R37 is connected to the anode of the light emitting diode LED 14. The cathode of the polar capacitor C67, the other end of the capacitor C68 and the cathode of the LED14 are all connected to the common ground GND.

As shown in fig. 3a, the USART conversion circuit 3-1 includes three USART conversion units. The USART conversion unit includes a serial chip RSM 1. The serial port isolation chip RSM1 adopts an isolation serial port chip with the model number being RSM 232. A pin 1 of the serial chip RSM1 is connected with one end of a resistor R11, the anode of a polar capacitor C16, one end of a capacitor C17, the cathode of a transient suppression diode TVS2 and the +5V power output end 5V of the 5V data acquisition power supply module 1-3. The pin 4 of the serial port chip RSM1 is the output serial port receiving end of the USART conversion circuit 3-1. Pin 3 of serial chip RSM1 is the output serial port transmitting end of USART conversion circuit 3-1. The other end of the resistor R11 is connected with the anode of the LED 3. And a pin 2 of the serial chip RSM1, the cathode of the light emitting diode LED3, the cathode of the polar capacitor C16, the other end of the capacitor C17 and the anode of the transient suppression diode TVS2 are connected and then connected with a digital ground wire VDD. The 6 pins of the serial chip RSM1 are connected to the cathode of the transient suppression diode TVS1, the cathode of the transient suppression diode TVS3, and one end of the self-recovery fuse RT 1. The 7 th pin of the serial chip RSM1 is connected to the positive electrode of the transient suppression diode TVS1, the negative electrode of the transient suppression diode TVS4, and one end of the self-recovery fuse RT 2. The 8 pins of the serial chip RSM1 are connected to the positive electrodes of the transient suppression diode TVS3 and the transient suppression diode TVS4, the resistor RM1, and one end of the capacitor CM 1. The other end of the self-healing fuse RT1 is connected to a first terminal of the detonator GDT 1. The end of the self-recovery fuse RT1 far away from the serial port chip RSM1 is a serial port receiving end RIN1 of the USART conversion unit. The other end of the self-healing fuse RT2 is connected to a second terminal of the detonator GDT 1. The end of the self-recovery fuse RT2 far away from the serial chip RSM1 is a serial port transmitting end TOUT1 of the USART conversion unit. The resistor RM1, the other end of the capacitor CM1 and the third terminal of the detonator GDT1 are all connected with the digital ground line VDD. The rest pins of the serial port chip RSM1 are suspended

The three USART conversion units have 4 pins of serial chip RSM1 as a first output serial receiving terminal RXD1, a second output serial receiving terminal RXD2, and a third output serial receiving terminal RXD3 of the USART conversion circuit 3-1. Three 3 pins of serial port chip RSM1 in the USART conversion unit are respectively a first output serial port transmitting terminal TXD1, a second output serial port transmitting terminal TXD2 and a third output serial port transmitting terminal TXD3 of USART conversion circuit 3-1. Serial port receiving ends RIN1 of the three USART conversion units are respectively connected with signal transmitting ends of the three sensors output by RS-232 interfaces. Serial port transmitting terminals TOUT1 of the three USART conversion units are respectively connected with signal receiving terminals of three sensors output by RS-232 interfaces.

As shown in fig. 3b, the CAN bus conversion circuit 3-2 includes a CAN bus driver/receiver CT1 and a first surge suppression module SP 1. The CAN bus driver/receiver CT1 employs an isolated CAN bus transceiver chip model CTM 1051M. The first surge suppression module SP1 employs a signal surge suppressor model SP00S 12. The 4 pins of the CAN bus driver/receiver CT1 are connected to the anode of the polarity capacitor C41, one end of the capacitor C42, the cathode of the transient suppression diode TVS13, the anode of the light emitting diode LED6, and the +5V power output terminal 5V of the 5V data acquisition power module 1-3. The cathode of the polar capacitor C41, the other end of the capacitor C42, the anode of the transient suppression diode TVS13, the cathode of the light emitting diode LED6, and the 3 pins of the CAN bus driver/receiver CT1 are all connected to the digital ground VDD. The 7 pin of the CAN bus driver/receiver CT1 is connected to the 5 pin of the first surge suppression module SP1, and the 6 pin is connected to the 8 pin of the first surge suppression module SP 1. Pin 5 of the CAN bus driver/receiver CT1, pin 6 and pin 7 of the first surge suppression module SP1 are all connected to the digital ground VDD. The pin 2 and the pin 3 of the first surge suppression module SP1 are connected to one end of the resistor R24 and the capacitor C43, and are connected to the digital ground line VDD. The other ends of the resistor R24 and the capacitor C43 are connected with a +5V power supply output end 5V of the 5V data acquisition power supply module 1-3. The pin 4 of the first surge suppression module SP1 is a CAN high-order data transmission terminal CAN _ H of the CAN bus conversion circuit 3-2. Pin 1 of the first surge suppression module SP1 is a CAN low-order data transmission terminal CAN _ L of the CAN bus conversion circuit 3-2. The CAN high-data transmission end CAN _ H, CAN low-data transmission end CAN _ L of the CAN bus conversion circuit 3-2 is connected with a transmission interface of a sensor adopting CAN interface transmission. Pin 1 of the CAN bus driver/receiver CT1 serves as an output signal receiving terminal CAN _ RX of the CAN bus conversion circuit 3-2, and pin 2 serves as an output signal sending terminal CAN _ TX of the CAN bus conversion circuit 3-2.

as shown in fig. 3c, the 485 bus conversion circuit 3-3 includes a 485 bus driver/receiver RSM4 and a second surge suppression module SP 2. The 485 bus driver/receiver RSM4 adopts an isolation 485 bus transceiver chip with the model of RSM485, and the second surge suppression module SP2 adopts a signal surge suppressor with the model of SP00S 12. Pin 1 of the 485 bus driver/receiver RSM4 is connected to the anode of the polarity capacitor C44, one end of the capacitor C45, the cathode of the transient suppression diode TVS14, the anode of the light emitting diode LED7, and the +5V power output terminal 5V of the 5V data acquisition power module 1-3. The cathode of the polar capacitor C44, the other end of the capacitor C45, the anode of the transient suppression diode TVS14, the cathode of the light emitting diode LED7, and the 2 pin of the 485 bus driver/receiver RSM4 are all connected to the digital ground VDD. The 485 bus driver/receiver RSM4 has pin 7 connected to one end of resistor R25, pin 8 connected to one end of resistor R26 and pin 5 of the second surge suppression module SP2, and pin 9 connected to the other end of resistor R25 and pin 8 of the second surge suppression module SP 2. The pin 10 of the 485 bus driver/receiver RSM4, the other end of the resistor R26, and the pins 6 and 7 of the second surge suppression module SP2 are all connected to the digital ground VDD. The pin 2 and the pin 3 of the second surge suppressing module SP2 are both connected to one end of the resistor R27 and the capacitor C46, and are connected to the digital ground line VDD. The other ends of the resistor R27 and the capacitor C46 are connected with a +5V power supply output end 5V of the 5V data acquisition power supply module 1-3.

The pin 4 of the second surge suppression module SP2 is the 485 data transmission negative terminal 485_ B of the 485 bus conversion circuit 3-3. The pin 1 of the second surge suppression module SP2 is the 485 data transmission positive terminal 485_ a of the 485 bus conversion circuit 3-3. And the 485 data transmission positive end 485_ A and the 485 data transmission negative end 485_ B of the 485 bus conversion circuit 3-3 are connected with the transmission interface of the sensor adopting 485 interface transmission. Pin 3 of the 485 bus driver/receiver RSM4 serves as the output signal receiving terminal RXD of the 485 bus conversion circuit 3-3. Pin 4 of the 485 bus driver/receiver RSM4 serves as the output signal receiving terminal TXD of the 485 bus conversion circuit 3-3.

As shown in fig. 4, the file management circuit 4 includes an SD socket SD 1. The 7 pins, 8 pins, 1 pin, 2 pins, and 3 pins of the SD socket SD1 are respectively connected to one end of the resistor R42, the resistor R41, the resistor R40, the resistor R39, and the resistor R38, and respectively serve as a first data terminal SDIO _ D0, a second data terminal SDIO _ D1, a third data terminal SDIO _ D2, a fourth data terminal SDIO _ D3, and a command terminal SDIO _ CMD of the file management circuit 4. Pin 5 of the SD socket SD1 is a clock bus transmission terminal SDIO _ CK of the file management circuit 4. The other end of the resistor R38, the resistor R39, the resistor R40, the resistor R41 and the other end of the resistor R42, the 4-pin of the SD card seat SD1 and one end of the capacitor C69 are all connected with a 3.3V power output end 3V3 of the 3.3V data acquisition power supply module 1-4. Pins 6, 10, 11 and 12 of the SD card socket SD1 and the other end of the capacitor C69 are all connected with a common ground GND. The remaining pins of SD card socket SD1 are all floating.

as shown in fig. 5, the RTC clock circuit 6 includes a clock chip U2. The clock chip U2 is model DS3231 SN. The 2 pins of the clock chip U2 are connected with one end of the capacitor C70, the capacitor C71 and the resistor R43 and the 3.3V power output end 3V3 of the 3.3V data acquisition power supply module 1-4. The other ends of the capacitor C70 and the capacitor C71 are connected with a common ground GND. The 3 pin of the clock chip U2 is connected with the other end of the resistor R43. Pins 5, 6, 7 and 8 of the clock chip U2 are all connected with a common ground GND. The 15 pin and the 16 pin of the clock chip U2 are connected to one end of the resistor R45 and one end of the resistor R44, respectively. The other ends of the resistor R45 and the resistor R44 are connected with a 3.3V power output end 3V3 of the 3.3V data acquisition power supply module 1-4. The 14 pin of the clock chip U2 is connected with one end of the capacitor C72 and the positive electrode of the button battery BT 1. The pin 9, the pin 10, the pin 11, the pin 12 and the pin 13 of the clock chip U2, the other end of the capacitor C72 and the negative electrode of the button battery BT1 are all connected with a common ground GND. The clock chip has 16 pins as the clock terminal I2C2_ SCL of I2C of the RTC clock circuit 6, 15 pins as the control terminal I2C2_ SDA of I2C of the RTC clock circuit 6, and 3 pins as the clock signal output terminal RTC of the RTC clock circuit 6.

as shown in fig. 6a, the main control circuit 5 includes a main control chip U1. The main control chip U1 adopts the singlechip of model STM32F103ZET 6. The 25 pins of the main control chip U1 are connected to one end of the resistor R30, the capacitor 47 and the KEY switch KEY 1. The other end of the resistor R30 is connected with a 3.3V power supply output end 3V3 of the power supply modules 1-4. The other ends of the capacitor C47 and the KEY switch KEY1 are connected with a common ground GND. Pins 6, 72, 108, 144, 39, 17, 52, 62, 84, 95, 121, 131 and 32 of the main control chip U1 are all connected to a capacitor C53, a capacitor C54, a capacitor C55, a capacitor C56, a capacitor C57, a capacitor C58, a capacitor C59, a capacitor C60, a capacitor C61, a capacitor C62, a capacitor C63, a capacitor C64, one end of a capacitor C50 and a 3.3V power output terminal 3V3 of the power supply modules 1-4. The pin 33 of the main control chip U1 is connected to one end of the capacitor 51 and one end of the capacitor 52. The other ends of the pins 138, 48, 71, 107, 143, 38, 16, 51, 61, 83, 94, 120, 130, 30, 31, the capacitor 51, the capacitor 52, the capacitor C53, the capacitor C54, the capacitor C55, the capacitor C56, the capacitor C57, the capacitor C58, the capacitor C59, the capacitor C60, the capacitor C61, the capacitor C62, the capacitor C63, the capacitor C64 and the capacitor C50 of the main control chip U1 are all connected to a common ground GND. The pin 23 of the master control chip U1 is connected to one end of the capacitor C49 and the crystal oscillator Y3, and the pin 24 is connected to one end of the capacitor C48 and the other end of the crystal oscillator Y3. The other ends of the capacitor C48 and the capacitor C49 are connected with a common ground GND.

pins 101 and 102 of the main control chip U1 are connected to a first output serial port receiving terminal RXD1 and a first output serial port transmitting terminal TXD1 of a USART conversion circuit 3-1 of the USART conversion circuit 3-1, respectively. The 37 pin and the 36 pin of the main control chip U1 are respectively connected with the second output serial port receiving terminal RXD2 and the second output serial port transmitting terminal TXD2 of the USART conversion circuit 3-1. Pins 70 and 69 of the main control chip U1 are respectively connected with a third output serial port receiving terminal RXD3 and a third output serial port transmitting terminal TXD3 of a USART conversion circuit 3-1 of the USART conversion circuit 3-1. Pins 139 and 140 of the main control chip U1 are connected to an output signal receiving terminal CAN _ RX and an output signal transmitting terminal CAN _ TX of the CAN bus conversion circuit 3-2, respectively. And pins 10 and 11 of the main control chip U1 are respectively connected with an output signal receiving end RXD and an output signal receiving end TXD of the 485 bus conversion circuit 3-3.

The 98 pins, 99 pins, 111 pins, and 112 pins of the main control chip U1 are respectively connected to the first data terminal SDIO _ D0, the second data terminal SDIO _ D1, the third data terminal SDIO _ D2, the fourth data terminal SDIO _ D3, and the command terminal SDIO _ CMD of the file management circuit 4. Pins 113 and 116 of the main control chip U1 are connected to a clock bus transmission terminal SDIO _ CK and a command terminal SDIO _ CMD of the file management circuit 4, respectively.

The pin 132, the pin 136, and the pin 137 of the master chip U1 are respectively connected to the clock signal output terminal RTC of the RTC clock circuit 6, the clock terminal I2C2_ SCL of I2C, and the control terminal I2C2_ SDA of I2C.

As shown in fig. 7, the LCD panel control circuit 7 includes an LCD panel I1. The LCD screen I1 is model number ILI 9341. Pins 29, pins 1, pins 30 and pins 32 of the LCD screen I1 are connected with pins 5V of a +5V power supply output end 5V of the power supply module 1-3, pins 31 are connected with pins 3V3 of a 3.3V power supply output end 3V of the power supply module 1-4, and the pins 1, 30 and 32 are connected with a common ground wire GND. Pins 18, 17, 16, 15, 14, 13, 12, 11, 10, 9, 8, 7, 6, 5, 4, and 3 of the LCD panel I1 are used as sixteen data transmission terminals of the LCD panel control circuit 7, and are respectively connected to pins 85, 86, 114, 115, 58, 59, 60, 63, 64, 65, 66, 67, 68, 77, 78, and 79 of the main control chip U1. Pins 2, 28, 22, 19, 20, 21, 23, 26, 25, 24 and 27 of the LCD panel I1 are ten command transmission terminals of the LCD panel control circuit 7, and are connected to pins 126, 91, 127, 118, 119, 1, 117, 18, 49, 22 and 21 of the main control chip U1. The rest pins of the LCD screen I1 and the main control chip U1 are all suspended.

The working principle of the utility model is as follows:

The sensors output by RS-232 interfaces in the environment acquisition sensor group 2 transmit detected data to the main control circuit 5 through a serial port chip in the USART conversion circuit 3-1. The sensors output by CAN bus in the environment acquisition sensor group 2 transmit the detected data to the main control circuit 5 through the CAN bus driver/receiver in the CAN bus conversion circuit 3-2. The sensors output by RS-485 interfaces in the environment acquisition sensor group 2 transmit detected data to the master control circuit 5 through 485 bus drivers/receivers in the 485 bus conversion circuits 3-3. The main control circuit 5 transmits the detected data to the SD card of the file management circuit 4 for storage, and transmits the data to the LCD screen I1 in the LCD screen control circuit 7 for display.

Claims

1. the wetland environment monitoring data acquisition circuit comprises a power circuit, a sensor signal conversion circuit, a master control circuit, an RTC clock circuit and an LCD screen control circuit; the method is characterized in that: the sensor signal conversion circuit comprises a USART conversion circuit; the RTC clock circuit provides a clock signal for a main control chip in the main control circuit through a clock chip; the power circuit comprises a 5V data acquisition and power supply module and a 3.3V data acquisition and power supply module; the 5V data acquisition and power supply module and the 3.3V data acquisition and power supply module supply power to the sensor signal conversion circuit, the master control circuit and the RTC clock circuit;

The USART conversion circuit comprises three USART conversion units; the USART conversion unit comprises a serial port chip; the serial port isolation chip adopts an isolation serial port chip with the model number of RSM 232; a pin 1 of the serial port chip is connected with one end of a resistor R11, the anode of a polar capacitor C16, one end of a capacitor C17, the cathode of a transient suppression diode TVS2 and the +5V power supply output end of a 5V data acquisition power supply module; the 4 pins of the serial port chip are the output serial port receiving end of the USART conversion circuit; the 3 pins of the serial port chip are the output serial port transmitting end of the USART conversion circuit; the other end of the resistor R11 is connected with the anode of the LED 3; a pin 2 of the serial chip, a cathode of the light emitting diode LED3, a cathode of the polar capacitor C16, the other end of the capacitor C17 and an anode of the transient suppression diode TVS2 are connected and then connected with a digital ground wire; a 6 pin of the serial port chip is connected with the transient suppression diode TVS1, the cathode of the transient suppression diode TVS3 and one end of a self-recovery fuse RT 1; a 7 pin of the serial port chip is connected with the anode of the transient suppression diode TVS1, the cathode of the transient suppression diode TVS4 and one end of a self-recovery fuse RT 2; an 8 pin of the serial chip is connected with the transient suppression diode TVS3, the anode of the transient suppression diode TVS4, the resistor RM1 and one end of the capacitor CM 1; the other end of the self-recovery fuse RT1 is connected with a first terminal of an anti-detonator GDT 1; the end of the self-recovery fuse RT1 far away from the serial port chip is a serial port receiving end of the USART conversion unit; the other end of the self-recovery fuse RT2 is connected with a second terminal of the detonator GDT 1; the end of the self-recovery fuse RT2 far away from the serial port chip is a serial port transmitting end TOUT1 of a USART conversion unit; the resistor RM1, the other end of the capacitor CM1 and a third terminal of the anti-detonator GDT1 are all connected with a digital ground wire;

The 4 pins of serial port chips in the three USART conversion units are respectively a first output serial port receiving end, a second output serial port receiving end and a third output serial port receiving end of the USART conversion circuit; the 3 pins of serial port chips in the three USART conversion units are respectively a first output serial port sending terminal, a second output serial port sending terminal and a third output serial port sending terminal of the USART conversion circuit; a first output serial port receiving end, a second output serial port receiving end, a third output serial port receiving end, a first output serial port sending end, a second output serial port sending end and a third output serial port sending end of the USART conversion circuit are all connected with the main control circuit.

2. The wetland environment monitoring data acquisition circuit according to claim 1, characterized in that: the system also comprises an environment acquisition sensor group; the environment acquisition sensor group comprises sensors output by an RS-232 interface; the serial port receiving ends of the three USART conversion units are respectively connected with the signal transmitting ends of the three sensors output by RS-232 interfaces; the serial port transmitting ends of the three USART conversion units are respectively connected with the signal receiving ends of the three sensors output by RS-232 interfaces.

3. The wetland environment monitoring data acquisition circuit according to claim 2, characterized in that: the sensor signal conversion circuit also comprises a CAN bus conversion circuit; the CAN bus conversion circuit comprises a CAN bus driver/receiver and a first surge suppression module; the CAN bus driver/receiver adopts an isolated CAN bus transceiver chip with the model number of CTM 1051M; the first surge suppression module adopts a signal surge suppressor with the model number of SP00S 12; a 4 pin of the CAN bus driver/receiver is connected with the anode of a polar capacitor C41, one end of a capacitor C42, the cathode of a transient suppression diode TVS13, the anode of a light emitting diode LED6 and the +5V power supply output end of a 5V data acquisition power supply module; the cathode of the polar capacitor C41, the other end of the capacitor C42, the anode of the transient suppression diode TVS13, the cathode of the light emitting diode LED6 and the 3 pins of the CAN bus driver/receiver are all connected with a digital ground wire; the 7 pins of the CAN bus driver/receiver are connected with the 5 pins of the first surge suppression module, and the 6 pins are connected with the 8 pins of the first surge suppression module; a pin 5 of the CAN bus driver/receiver, a pin 6 of the first surge suppression module and a pin 7 of the first surge suppression module are all connected with a digital ground wire; a pin 2 and a pin 3 of the first surge suppression module are connected with one end of the resistor R24 and one end of the capacitor C43 and are connected with a digital ground wire in parallel; the other ends of the resistor R24 and the capacitor C43 are connected with a +5V power supply output end of the 5V data acquisition power supply module; a 4-pin of the first surge suppression module is a CAN high-bit data transmission end of the CAN bus conversion circuit; a pin 1 of the first surge suppression module is a CAN low-bit data transmission end of the CAN bus conversion circuit; a pin 1 of the CAN bus driver/receiver is used as an output signal receiving end of the CAN bus conversion circuit, and a pin 2 is used as an output signal sending end of the CAN bus conversion circuit; an output signal receiving end and an output signal sending end of the CAN bus conversion circuit are connected with the master control circuit; the environment acquisition sensor group also comprises a sensor output by a CAN bus; the CAN high-bit data transmission end and the CAN low-bit data transmission end of the CAN bus conversion circuit are connected with a transmission interface of the sensor output by the CAN bus.

4. The wetland environment monitoring data acquisition circuit according to claim 2, characterized in that: the sensor signal conversion circuit also comprises a 485 bus conversion circuit; the 485 bus conversion circuit comprises a 485 bus driver/receiver and a second surge suppression module; the 485 bus driver/receiver adopts an isolation 485 bus transceiver chip with the model of RSM485, and the second surge suppression module adopts a signal surge suppressor with the model of SP00S 12; a pin 1 of the 485 bus driver/receiver is connected with the anode of a polar capacitor C44, one end of a capacitor C45, the cathode of a transient suppression diode TVS14, the anode of a light-emitting diode LED7 and the +5V power supply output end of a 5V data acquisition power supply module; the cathode of the polar capacitor C44, the other end of the capacitor C45, the anode of the transient suppression diode TVS14, the cathode of the light emitting diode LED7 and the 2 pins of the 485 bus driver/receiver are all connected with a digital ground wire; a pin 7 of the 485 bus driver/receiver is connected with one end of a resistor R25, a pin 8 is connected with one end of a resistor R26 and a pin 5 of the second surge suppression module, and a pin 9 is connected with the other end of the resistor R25 and a pin 8 of the second surge suppression module; a pin 10 of the 485 bus driver/receiver, the other end of the resistor R26, and a pin 6 and a pin 7 of the second surge suppression module are all connected with a digital ground wire; pins 2 and 3 of the second surge suppression module are connected with one ends of a resistor R27 and a capacitor C46 and are connected with a digital ground wire in parallel; the other ends of the resistor R27 and the capacitor C46 are connected with a +5V power supply output end of the 5V data acquisition power supply module; the pin 4 of the second surge suppression module is the 485 data transmission negative terminal of the 485 bus conversion circuit; a pin 1 of the second surge suppression module is a 485 data transmission positive terminal of the 485 bus conversion circuit; 3 pins of the 485 bus driver/receiver are used as an output signal receiving end of the 485 bus conversion circuit; 4 pins of the 485 bus driver/receiver are used as an output signal receiving end of the 485 bus conversion circuit; an output signal receiving end and an output signal receiving end of the 485 bus conversion circuit are both connected with the master control circuit; the environment acquisition sensor group also comprises a sensor output by an RS-485 interface; and a 485 data transmission positive end and a 485 data transmission negative end of the 485 bus conversion circuit are connected with a transmission interface of the sensor output by the RS-485 interface.

5. The wetland environment monitoring data acquisition circuit according to claim 1, characterized in that: the 5V data acquisition power supply module comprises a fourth switch power supply chip; the fourth switching power supply chip adopts an isolated DC-DC switching power supply chip with the model number of WRB 2405N; the 16 pin of the fourth switching power supply chip and the anode of the polarity capacitor C11 are connected and then connected with external 24V voltage; a pin 1 of the fourth switching power supply chip and the negative electrode of the polar capacitor C11 are both connected with a common ground wire; a pin 9 of the fourth switching power supply chip, one end of a resistor R8 and the positive electrode of a polar capacitor C12 are connected and then serve as a +5V power supply output end 5V of the 5V data acquisition power supply module; a pin 10 of the fourth switching power supply chip, the negative electrode of the polar capacitor C12 and the other end of the resistor R8 are all connected with a digital ground wire VDD; the other pins of the fourth switch power supply chip are all suspended;

The 3.3V data acquisition power supply module comprises a level conversion chip, and the model of the level conversion chip is LM 1117; a pin 3 of the level conversion chip is connected with the anode of the polar capacitor C65, one end of the capacitor C66 and the +5V power supply output end 5V of the 5V data acquisition power supply module; a pin 1 of the level conversion chip, the negative electrode of the polar capacitor C65 and the other end of the capacitor C66 are all connected with a common ground wire; the 2 pin and the 4 pin of the level conversion chip are connected with the anode of a polar capacitor C67, one end of a capacitor C68 and one end of a resistor R37 and then serve as a 3.3V power supply output end of a 3.3V data acquisition power supply module; the other end of the resistor R37 is connected with the anode of the light-emitting diode LED 14; the cathode of the polar capacitor C67, the other end of the capacitor C68 and the cathode of the LED14 are all connected to a common ground.

6. The wetland environment monitoring data acquisition circuit according to claim 1, characterized in that: the power circuit also comprises a 12V sensor power supply module and a 5V sensor power supply module; the 12V sensor power supply module comprises a first switching power supply chip; the first switching power supply chip adopts a DC-DC switching power supply chip with the model number XL 4016; a pin 5 of the first switching power supply chip is connected with the anode of the polar capacitor C1, one end of the capacitor C2, one end of the capacitor C3 and external 24V voltage; the negative electrode of the polar capacitor C1 and the other end of the capacitor C2 are both connected with a common ground wire; the other end of the capacitor C3 is connected with a pin 4 of the first switching power supply chip; the 3-pin of the first switching power supply chip is connected with one end of the inductor L1 and the cathodes of the Schottky diode D1 and the Schottky diode D2; the other end of the inductor L1 is connected with the anode of the polar capacitor C4, one end of the capacitor C5, one end of the resistor R2 and one end of the resistor R1; the other end of the resistor R2 is connected with the anode of the LED 1; the other end of the resistor R1 is connected with one end of the resistor R3; the other end of the resistor R3 is connected with one end of the resistor R4 and the 2 pin of the first switching power supply chip; the 1 pin of the first switching power supply chip, the anode of the Schottky diode D1, the anode of the Schottky diode D2, the cathode of the polar capacitor C4, the other end of the capacitor C5, the cathode of the light-emitting diode LED1 and the other end of the resistor R4 are all connected with a common ground wire; the ratio of the sum of the resistance values of the resistor R1 and the resistor R3 to the resistance value of R4 is 26: 3;

The 5V sensor power supply module comprises a second switching power supply chip; the second switching power supply chip adopts a DC-DC switching power supply chip with the model number XL 4016; a pin 5 of the second switching power supply chip is connected with the anode of the polar capacitor C6, one end of the capacitor C7, one end of the capacitor C8 and external 24V voltage; the negative electrode of the polar capacitor C6 and the other end of the capacitor C7 are both connected with a common ground wire; the other end of the capacitor C8 is connected with a pin 4 of the first switching power supply chip; the 3 pin of the second switching power supply chip is connected with one end of the inductor L2, the cathode of the Schottky diode D8 and the cathode of the Schottky diode D4; the other end of the inductor L2 is connected with the anode of the polar capacitor C9, one end of the capacitor C10, one end of the resistor R6 and one end of the resistor R5; the other end of the resistor R6 is connected with the anode of the LED 2; the other end of the resistor R5 is connected with one end of the resistor R7 and a pin 2 of the second switching power supply chip; the 1 pin of the first switching power supply chip, the anode of the Schottky diode D3, the anode of the Schottky diode D4, the cathode of the polar capacitor C9, the other end of the capacitor C10, the cathode of the light-emitting diode LED2 and the other end of the resistor R7 are all connected with a common ground wire; the ratio of the resistance values of the resistors R5 and R4 is 10: 3.24.

7. The wetland environment monitoring data acquisition circuit according to claim 1, characterized in that: the main control circuit comprises a main control chip; the main control chip adopts a single chip microcomputer with the model number of STM32F103ZET 6; a pin 25 of the main control chip is connected with one end of a resistor R30, a capacitor 47 and a KEY switch KEY 1; the other end of the resistor R30 is connected with a 3.3V power supply output end of the 3.3V data acquisition power supply module; the other ends of the capacitor C47 and the KEY switch KEY1 are connected with a common ground wire; pins 6, 72, 108, 144, 39, 17, 52, 62, 84, 95, 121, 131 and 32 of the main control chip are all connected with one end of a capacitor C53, a capacitor C54, a capacitor C55, a capacitor C56, a capacitor C57, a capacitor C58, a capacitor C59, a capacitor C60, a capacitor C61, a capacitor C62, a capacitor C63, a capacitor C64, a capacitor C50 and a 3.3V power output end of the power supply module; the pin 33 of the main control chip is connected with one end of the capacitor 51 and one end of the capacitor 52; the other ends of a 138 pin, a 48 pin, a 71 pin, a 107 pin, a 143 pin, a 38 pin, a 16 pin, a 51 pin, a 61 pin, an 83 pin, a 94 pin, a 120 pin, a 130 pin, a 30 pin, a 31 pin, a capacitor 51, a capacitor 52, a capacitor C53, a capacitor C54, a capacitor C55, a capacitor C56, a capacitor C57, a capacitor C58, a capacitor C59, a capacitor C60, a capacitor C61, a capacitor C62, a capacitor C63, a capacitor C64 and a capacitor C50 of the main control chip are all connected with a common ground wire; the pin 23 of the main control chip is connected with one end of the capacitor C49 and the crystal oscillator Y3, and the pin 24 is connected with one end of the capacitor C48 and the other end of the crystal oscillator Y3; the other ends of the capacitor C48 and the capacitor C49 are connected with a common ground wire;

Pins 101 and 102 of the main control chip are respectively connected with a first output serial port receiving end and a first output serial port sending end of a USART conversion circuit of the USART conversion circuit; the 37 pin and the 36 pin of the main control chip are respectively connected with a second output serial port receiving end and a second output serial port sending end of a USART conversion circuit of the USART conversion circuit; pins 70 and 69 of the main control chip are respectively connected with a third output serial port receiving end and a third output serial port transmitting end of a USART conversion circuit of the USART conversion circuit; pins 139 and 140 of the main control chip are respectively connected with an output signal receiving end and an output signal transmitting end of the CAN bus conversion circuit; and pins 10 and 11 of the main control chip are respectively connected with an output signal receiving end and an output signal receiving end of the 485 bus conversion circuit.

8. the wetland environment monitoring data acquisition circuit of claim 7, which is characterized in that: the file management circuit is also included; the file management circuit comprises an SD card socket; the 7 pin, the 8 pin, the 1 pin, the 2 pin and the 3 pin of the SD card holder are respectively connected with one end of a resistor R42, a resistor R41, a resistor R40, a resistor R39 and a resistor R38 and are respectively a first data end, a second data end, a third data end, a fourth data end and a command end of the file management circuit; the 5 pins of the SD card seat are clock bus transmission ends of the file management circuit; the other end of the resistor R38, the resistor R39, the resistor R40, the resistor R41 and the other end of the resistor R42, the 4-pin of the SD card holder and one end of the capacitor C69 are all connected with a 3.3V power output end of the 3.3V data acquisition power supply module; the other ends of the pin 6, the pin 10, the pin 11 and the pin 12 of the SD card socket and the capacitor C69 are all connected with a common ground wire; a first data end, a second data end, a third data end, a fourth data end and a command end of the file management circuit are respectively connected with pins 98, 99, 111 and 112 of the main control chip; the clock bus transmission end and the command end of the file management circuit are respectively connected with the pins 113 and 116 of the main control chip.

9. the wetland environment monitoring data acquisition circuit of claim 7, which is characterized in that: the RTC clock circuit comprises a clock chip; the model of the clock chip is DS3231 SN; the 2 pin of the clock chip is connected with one end of a capacitor C70, a capacitor C71 and a resistor R43 and a 3.3V power supply output end of the 3.3V data acquisition power supply module; the other ends of the capacitor C70 and the capacitor C71 are connected with a common ground wire; the pin 3 of the clock chip is connected with the other end of the resistor R43; pins 5, 6, 7 and 8 of the clock chip are all connected with a common ground wire; the pin 15 and the pin 16 of the clock chip are respectively connected with one ends of the resistor R45 and the resistor R44; the other ends of the resistor R45 and the resistor R44 are connected with a 3.3V power supply output end of the 3.3V data acquisition power supply module; the 14 pin of the clock chip is connected with one end of a capacitor C72 and the positive electrode of a button cell BT 1; pins 9, 10, 11, 12 and 13 of the clock chip, the other end of the capacitor C72 and the negative electrode of the button battery BT1 are all connected with a common ground wire; a pin 16 of the clock chip is used as an I2C clock end of the RTC clock circuit, a pin 15 is used as an I2C control end of the RTC clock circuit, and a pin 3 is used as a clock signal output end of the RTC clock circuit; the clock signal output end, the I2C clock end and the I2C control end of the RTC clock circuit are respectively connected with the 132 pin, the 136 pin and the 137 pin of the main control chip.

10. the wetland environment monitoring data acquisition circuit of claim 7, which is characterized in that: the LCD screen control circuit is also included; the LCD screen control circuit comprises an LCD screen; the model of the LCD screen is ILI 9341; a 29 pin of the LCD screen is connected with a +5V power output end of the 5V data acquisition power supply module, a 31 pin is connected with a 3.3V power output end of the 3.3V data acquisition power supply module, and a 1 pin, a 30 pin and a 32 pin are all connected with a common ground wire; pins 18, 17, 16, 15, 14, 13, 12, 11, 10, 9, 8, 7, 6, 5, 4, 3 of the LCD screen are respectively connected with pins 85, 86, 114, 115, 58, 59, 60, 63, 64, 65, 66, 67, 68, 77, 78, 79 of the main control chip; pins 2, 28, 22, 19, 20, 21, 23, 26, 25, 24 and 27 of the LCD screen are respectively connected with pins 126, 91, 127, 118, 119, 1, 117, 18, 49, 22 and 21 of the main control chip.