CN209763883U

CN209763883U - Active protection device

Info

Publication number: CN209763883U
Application number: CN201822238960.8U
Authority: CN
Inventors: 冯雪; 唐瑞涛; 陆方圆; 陈颖
Original assignee: Tsinghua University; Institute of Flexible Electronics Technology of THU Zhejiang
Current assignee: Tsinghua University; Institute of Flexible Electronics Technology of THU Zhejiang
Priority date: 2018-12-28
Filing date: 2018-12-28
Publication date: 2019-12-10
Anticipated expiration: 2028-12-28

Abstract

The utility model provides a state reversible initiative protector contains the electrorheological fluid in it, because the mobility of this electrorheological fluid and have the characteristic of liquid solid state conversion under the excitation of high-voltage electric energy, when receiving the electric current arouses, this electrorheological fluid can become solid-state fast to solid-state electrorheological fluid has very high intensity, consequently this initiative protector can resist the impact of attacking the projectile body effectively. The utility model discloses utilize the characteristic of material, utilize the electric energy to realize effective, many times the defense to the projectile body impact. And the system is combined with a radar monitoring system, so that the monitoring of the incoming projectile body is realized, and the active defense and the advance defense are facilitated. The utility model is suitable for an occasion that easily explodes, for example chemical plant, scene of fire, battlefield etc..

Description

active protection device

Technical Field

the utility model relates to an crashproof technical field especially relates to an initiative protector that state is reversible.

Background

In the case of a collision or explosion, such as a chemical plant, a battlefield, etc., the collision or explosion may cause serious casualties to vehicles and people, and it is necessary to protect, for example, armored vehicles or people. Therefore, a guard is indispensable.

The existing protective devices mainly comprise metal materials, ceramic materials, high-performance fiber composite materials and the like. For metal materials, after being hit by flyings generated by impact or explosion, the metal materials can deform, and the subsequent protective capability of the metal materials is reduced. For ceramic materials, the material is easy to break and weak in continuous protection capability. For a high-performance fiber composite material, the protective capability of the high-performance fiber composite material is benefited by higher tensile strength, but the material is easily punctured by flying pieces, and the performance advantage of the material cannot be fully exerted.

Also, typical guards are primarily passive guards. It is simple in construction and is typically attached to the surface of a protected object such as an armored vehicle. The passive protection device cannot adjust the impact angle by self and control the defense distance, and strong impact or explosion can generate great impact on the device to cause personal injury.

therefore, there is a need for a novel active protection device, which can automatically adjust the impact angle, resist the impact of the external flyer, and perform multiple active protection without being damaged.

Disclosure of Invention

The utility model provides an initiative protector, including a plurality of pressure sensor, cladding structure and electrorheological fluid, this cladding structure forms a accommodation space, and this electrorheological fluid is held at this accommodation space, and this pressure sensor is attached on this cladding structure surface, arranges for regular or anomalous array.

According to the utility model discloses an embodiment, this initiative protector still includes signal processing platform, power and control system, this power respectively with this pressure sensor, this signal processing platform and this control system electric connection, this pressure sensor and this control system are still connected respectively to this signal processing platform, this control system still with this electrorheological fluids electric connection.

According to one embodiment of the present invention, the electrorheological fluid includes dielectric particles and a base fluid, the dielectric particles are suspended in the base fluid, and the base fluid includes silicone oil and silicone polyether.

according to an embodiment of the present invention, the dielectric particles are double-shell hollow nanoparticles, which comprise an outer shell, an inner shell, a first hollow region between the outer shell and the inner shell, and a second hollow region inside the inner shell, wherein the outer shell and the inner shell are made of SiO₂Or TiO₂。

According to the utility model discloses an embodiment, this initiative protector still includes radar monitored control system, this radar monitored control system respectively with this power and this signal processing platform electric connection.

According to the utility model discloses an embodiment, set up a plurality of vertically and horizontally staggered's wall in this cladding structure, should cut off and form a plurality of accommodation spaces together with this cladding structure, and this electrorheological fluid holds in each accommodation space, and every accommodation space corresponds a pressure sensor, and every accommodation space, the electrorheological fluid in it and the pressure sensor who corresponds constitute a defense unit. The material of the partition is the same as that of the cladding structure.

According to the utility model discloses an embodiment, this initiative protector still includes a plurality ofly and this control system electric connection turn to the device, every turns to the device and is used for turning to a corresponding defense unit respectively. The steering device is located below the defense unit.

According to the utility model discloses an embodiment, this initiative protector still includes insulating switch and flexible air pump, and this insulating switch setting is on each wall, and its lower part is connected with this cladding structure, sets up the intercommunication mouth on should cutting off, and this flexible air pump is connected with this control system and this power respectively to by this cladding structure cladding, every flexible air pump corresponds a defense unit, and is located this defense unit below, and this flexible air pump is separated by this cladding structure with this defense unit.

According to an embodiment of the present invention, the telescopic air pump is located in the cladding structure and is clad by the cladding structure.

according to another embodiment of the present invention, the retractable air pump is located outside the covering structure.

according to the utility model discloses an embodiment, this initiative protector is still including turning to the device, and every turns to the device and corresponds a defense unit and a flexible air pump to this flexible air pump is located this and turns to between device and this defense unit.

To sum up, adopt the utility model discloses an initiative protector at first, because this electrorheological fluids's mobility, it has the characteristic of liquid solid state conversion under the excitation of high-voltage electric energy, and solid-state electrorheological fluids has very high intensity, can resist the impact of attacking the projectile body effectively. When the danger is relieved, the voltage is relieved, and the electrorheological fluid is restored to a liquid state to prepare for next defense. The utility model discloses utilize the reversible characteristic of state of material, utilize the electric energy to realize effective, many times defense to the projectile body is strikeed.

Secondly, the combination of the pressure sensor and the radar monitoring system can monitor the incoming bomb in advance, and a defense mechanism is started in advance, so that the electrorheological fluid is converted into a solid state before impact occurs, and the impact resistance is improved.

Thirdly, due to the existence of a plurality of partitions in the coating structure, the electro-rheological fluid is contained in a plurality of containing spaces in a dividing mode. When the radar monitoring system is matched with a radar monitoring system, when the radar monitoring system monitors the impact direction of an incoming bomb, the control system can start the defense unit at a specific position to enter a defense state, and only the electrorheological fluid at the specific position is electrified to be converted into a solid state so as to perform defense pointedly, thereby avoiding the electric energy waste caused by the fact that all the electrorheological fluids are electrified to be converted into the solid state, and simultaneously avoiding the weight caused by overlarge power supply.

And the arrangement of the steering device enables the defense angle and the height of the defense unit at the specific position to be adjustable, so that the impact resistance effect of defense is enhanced.

Finally, the arrangement of the insulated switch and the telescopic air pump can purposefully compress the surrounding electrorheological fluid into the defense unit at a specific position through the extrusion or suction of the telescopic air pump on the electrorheological fluid aiming at the monitored attack direction and impact force of an incoming projectile body, so as to increase the amount of the electrorheological fluid at the position and finally improve the thickness of the electrorheological fluid at the position. Effective defense against an incoming projectile can be realized only by carrying less electrorheological fluid, the defense capability is improved, and meanwhile, the weight of the device caused by carrying too much electrorheological fluid is reduced, so that the maneuvering flexibility of the device is improved.

The foregoing description is only an overview of the technical solutions of the present invention, and in order to make the technical means of the present invention more clearly understood, the present invention may be implemented according to the content of the description, and in order to make the above and other objects, features, and advantages of the present invention more obvious and understandable, the following preferred embodiments are specifically mentioned, and detailed description is given below.

Drawings

Fig. 1 is a schematic top view of an active protection device according to a first embodiment of the present invention;

FIG. 2 is a schematic sectional view taken along line A-A of FIG. 1;

FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram of electrical connections between the components shown in FIG. 1;

FIG. 4 is a schematic view of a structure of an electrorheological fluid;

FIG. 5 is a cross-sectional view of a dielectric particle and polarization;

Fig. 6 is a schematic top sectional view of an active guard according to a second embodiment of the present invention;

FIG. 7 is a schematic top cross-sectional view of an active guard according to a third embodiment of the present invention (without circuitry and other components);

FIG. 8 is a schematic diagram of electrical connections between the components shown in FIG. 7;

Fig. 9 is a schematic top cross-sectional view (without circuitry and other components) of an active guard according to a fourth embodiment of the present invention;

FIG. 10 is a schematic sectional view taken along the line B-B in FIG. 9;

FIG. 11 is a schematic diagram of electrical connections between the components shown in FIG. 9;

Fig. 12 is a schematic cross-sectional view of an active guard according to a fifth embodiment of the present invention (without circuitry and other components);

FIG. 13 is a schematic diagram of electrical connections between the components shown in FIG. 12;

FIG. 14 is a schematic structural view of one embodiment of a steering device;

FIG. 15 is a schematic structural view of another embodiment of a steering apparatus;

fig. 16 is a schematic top view of an active guard according to a sixth embodiment of the present invention (with other elements removed);

FIG. 17 is a schematic sectional view taken along the line C-C in FIG. 16;

Fig. 18 is a schematic cross-sectional view of an active guard according to a seventh embodiment of the present invention.

Detailed Description

to further illustrate the technical means and effects of the present invention adopted to achieve the predetermined objects, the present invention will be described in detail below with reference to preferred embodiments.

Fig. 1 is a schematic top view of an active guarding device 100 according to a first embodiment of the present invention, and fig. 2 is a schematic cross-sectional view taken along a line a-a in fig. 1. Referring to fig. 1 and fig. 2, the active protection device 100 includes a pressure sensing system 101, a cladding structure 110, and an electrorheological fluid 130, wherein the electrorheological fluid 130 is cladded in the cladding structure 120, and the cladding structure 120 is made of a high performance fiber composite material.

The pressure sensing system 101 includes a plurality of pressure sensors 110 and a signal processing platform 140, the pressure sensors 110 are respectively electrically connected to the signal processing platform 140, and the pressure sensors 110 are disposed and attached to the surface of the covering structure 120, for example, in an attaching manner.

The plurality of pressure sensors 110 may be arranged in a regular array as shown in fig. 1, or in an irregular array as shown in fig. 6. The pressure sensor 110 is made of a resistor, a capacitor or a piezoelectric material, and the pressure change is acquired by using the change of the resistor, the capacitor or a voltage signal of the material under the action of pressure, so that the impact on the active protection device 100, including the impact of a projectile body and the impact of shock waves, can be monitored in real time. For example, the pressure sensor 110 is made of a Polytetrafluoroethylene (PVDF) piezoelectric film. The PVDF piezoelectric film has the advantages of high sensitivity, wide frequency response and the like. For example, the pressure sensor 110 is a resistance-type pressure sensor, and is fabricated by bonding a conductive material such as carbon nanotubes or graphene with a rubber resin.

The signal processing platform 140 converts the voltage signal collected by the pressure sensor 110 into a pressure signal. The signal processing platform 140 includes a data acquisition system for acquiring voltage signals generated by the impact on each pressure sensor 110, and a data processing system for processing the voltage signals and converting the processed voltage signals into pressure signals reflecting the pressure on the pressure sensors 110.

fig. 2 is a schematic cross-sectional view taken along a direction a-a in fig. 1, and fig. 3 is a schematic electrical connection diagram of each element in fig. 1. As shown in fig. 1-3, the active guarding apparatus 100 further includes a power source 150, the pressure sensors 110 are respectively electrically connected to the power source 150, and the signal processing platform 140 is also electrically connected to the power source 150, so that the power source 150 supplies power to the pressure sensors 110 and the signal processing platform 140. In other words, the pressure sensing system 101 is electrically connected to the power source 150, and the power source 150 supplies power to the pressure sensing system 101.

Further, as shown in fig. 1-3, the active guarding apparatus 100 further includes a control system 160, wherein the control system 160 is electrically connected to the power source 150, and the power source 150 supplies power to the control system 160. The control system 160 is further electrically connected to the pressure sensing system 101 and the electrorheological fluid 130, and is configured to receive the pressure signal of the signal processing platform 140, and control the state of the electrorheological fluid 130 corresponding to the pressure sensor 110 at the impacted or impacted position after determining the pressure signal. For example, when the pressure applied to the pressure sensor 110 at a certain position suddenly increases, the signal processing platform 140 converts the received voltage signal into a pressure signal, and transmits the pressure signal to the control system 160; the control system 160 receives the pressure signal and controls the electro-rheological fluid 130 in the enclosing structure 120 to be rapidly transformed into a solid state, thereby resisting the impact force.

The wrapping structure 120 is used to wrap the electro-rheological fluid 130 so that it does not leak out. The clad structure 120 is a composite material formed of polymer material and Kevlar (Kevlar) fiber, glass fiber, and/or polyethylene fiber, and the like. Taking kevlar fiber as an example, the preparation method of the coating structure 120 is as follows: firstly, a certain amount of Kevlar nanofiber solution and a certain amount of aqueous polyurethane solution are prepared respectively. Next, the glass sheet is treated to make it negatively charged. Specifically, after the cleaned glass sheet is treated by sulfuric acid and hydrogen peroxide, the glass sheet is washed by deionized water for 3-5 times, and at the moment, the surface of the glass sheet is negatively charged. And thirdly, soaking the glass sheet with negative charges in the aqueous polyurethane solution for a certain time, taking out, washing with deionized water, and drying. Then, the glass sheet is immersed in the Kevlar nanofiber solution for a certain time, taken out, washed with deionized water and dried. This process is a cycle. And continuously repeating the cycle of soaking in the aqueous polyurethane solution and soaking in the Kevlar nanofiber solution until the film on the glass sheet reaches a certain thickness, for example, repeating the cycle for 300 times and 500 times to obtain the Kevlar nanofiber composite film. The composite film forms the cladding structure 120.

The clad structure 120 prepared by this method has the advantages of low density, high strength, good toughness, high temperature resistance, and easy processing and forming, for example, the Kevlar fiber has 5 times of strength as steel, but the Kevlar fiber has a density of 1.44g/cm³The density of the steel is 7.859g/cm³The density of Kevlar fiber is only one fifth of that of steel. By using the coating structure 120, the electro-rheological fluid 130 can be effectively supported when an elastomer or a flying piece is impacted, and the protection capability of the structure is increased.

As shown in fig. 2, the cladding structure 120 forms a receiving space for receiving the electro-rheological fluid 130. Fig. 4 shows a schematic structural view of the electro-rheological fluid 130. The electrorheological fluid 130 includes dielectric particles 132 and a base fluid 134, and the dielectric particles 132 are suspended in the base fluid 134. The base liquid 134 has good insulation property, and includes silicone oil, silicone polyether, and the like. In the electrorheological fluid 130, the dielectric particles 132 constitute a dispersed phase of the mixed liquid, the silicone oil in the base liquid 134 constitutes a continuous phase of the mixed liquid, and the silicone polyether constitutes an additive of the mixed liquid.

Fig. 5 shows a cross-sectional structure and polarization of the dielectric particles 132. The dielectric particles 132 are double-shell hollow nanoparticles made of SiO₂/TiO₂For example, polypyrrole/titanium dioxide hollow nanoparticles. It includes an outer shell 1321, an inner shell 1322, a first hollow area 1323 located between the outer shell 1321 and the inner shell 1322, and a second hollow area 1324 located inside the inner shell 1322. The first hollow region 1323 and the second hollow region 1324 are hollow regions formed by ultrasonic etching with ammonia water, and the outer shell 1321 and the inner shell 1322 are made of SiO₂/TiO₂. In the dual-shell structure, charge accumulation surface sites are formed on the outer shell 1321 and the inner shell 1322, respectively, and additional electrostatic interactions are also formed between the outer shell 1321 and the inner shell 1322. In addition, there is also an electrostatic interaction between two adjacent dielectric particles 132. Therefore, the double-shell hollow nanoparticles show more excellent electrorheological properties and have good anti-settling properties under the action of an applied electric field, so that the dielectric particles 132 can be always suspended in the electrorheological fluid 130, the rheological properties such as yield stress, shear modulus and the like can be subjected to continuous, reversible and controllable state change under the action of the applied electric field, and the state change can be performed in millisecond order.

As shown in fig. 5, under the action of the applied electric field, the viscosity of the electrorheological fluid 130 increases significantly with the increase of the electric field strength due to the double charge accumulation effect and the additional electrostatic interaction of the outer shell 1321 and the inner shell 1322 of the dielectric particles 132 and the electrostatic interaction between different dielectric particles 132. When the electric field strength reaches a certain critical value, the electro-rheological fluid 130 may rapidly change phase even to a solid state. When the electric field is removed, the electro-rheological fluid 130 immediately changes from a solid state to a liquid state.

In addition, the silicone oil in the electrorheological fluid 130 serves as a continuous phase, so that the electrorheological fluid 130 has good yield strength and anti-settling property. The organic silicon polyether is used as an additive, plays a good lubricating role, and increases the comprehensive performance of the electrorheological fluid 130.

The above-mentioned composition and characteristics of the electro-hydraulic fluid 130 cause it to be deformable within a certain range, thereby accommodating the volume change of the electro-hydraulic fluid 130 during solid-liquid transformation. Further, the above-mentioned configuration and characteristics of the electro-rheological fluid 130 also enable the active guarding device 100 to resist multiple attacks of a projectile or flyer by using electric energy, and since the solid-liquid state transformation is reversible, the defense attacks can be performed multiple times and continuously.

fig. 6 is a schematic top sectional view of an active guard 200 according to a second embodiment of the present invention. The difference from the first embodiment is that the pressure sensors 110 are arranged in an irregular array.

Fig. 7 is a schematic top sectional view of an active guard device 300 according to a third embodiment of the present invention (without circuitry and other components). Fig. 8 is a schematic diagram of electrical connection between the elements in fig. 7. The difference from the first embodiment is that the active guard 300 further comprises a radar monitoring system 170. As shown in fig. 8, the radar monitoring system 170 is electrically connected to the power source 150 and the signal processing platform 140, respectively. The radar monitoring system 170 is electrically connected to the power source 150, and the power source 150 provides power to the radar monitoring system 170. The radar monitoring system 170 cooperates with the pressure sensing system 101 formed by the signal processing stage 140 and the pressure sensor 110, and specifically, the radar monitoring system 170 is connected to the signal processing stage 140.

In this embodiment, referring to fig. 8, the radar monitoring system 170 monitors the outside projectile or flyer at any time. When a projectile or flyer is monitored, the radar monitoring system 170 transmits the monitored information to the signal processing platform 140, thereby opening a defense mechanism. The signal processing platform 140 transmits the monitored information to the control system 160. The control system 160 rapidly starts to apply high-voltage electric energy to the electro-rheological fluid 130, so that the electro-rheological fluid 130 is rapidly transformed into a solid state under the action of the high-voltage electric energy, thereby rapidly improving the impact resistance.

Due to the existence of the radar monitoring system 170, the active protection device 300 can monitor an incoming projectile in advance, and once the active protection device is in a dangerous state, the control system 160 can be immediately informed, and the control system 160 can rapidly start to apply high-voltage electric energy to the electro-rheological fluid 130, so that the electro-rheological fluid 130 is rapidly cured and hardened under the action of the high-voltage electric energy, and the anti-ballistic capability of the active protection device 300 is enhanced. Once the danger is relieved, the high voltage electrical energy is withdrawn, and the electro-rheological fluid 130 instantaneously changes from a solid state to a liquid state. Therefore, the active guard 300 can be used repeatedly and defended repeatedly and continuously.

Fig. 9 is a schematic top sectional view of an active guard device 300 according to a fourth embodiment of the present invention (without circuitry and other elements). Fig. 10 is a schematic sectional view taken along the direction B-B in fig. 9. Fig. 11 is a schematic diagram of electrical connection between the elements in fig. 9. Referring to fig. 9-11, the difference between the third embodiment and the first embodiment is that the active guarding apparatus 400 includes a cladding structure 120 and a plurality of criss-cross partitions 105 located in the cladding structure 120, which together form a plurality of accommodating spaces 115. The electro-rheological fluid 130 is respectively contained in the respective containing spaces 115 formed. The plurality of accommodating spaces 115 are arranged in an array, and each accommodating space 115 corresponds to at least one pressure sensor 110. The material of the partition 105 is the same as that of the cladding structure 120. Thus, the electro-rheological fluid 130 in each accommodation space 115, and its corresponding pressure sensor 110 form one defense unit 108.

in this embodiment, the radar monitoring system 170 monitors the outside projectile or flyer at any time, and determines the shape, size, speed, attack direction, and the like of the projectile or flyer. When a projectile or flyer is monitored, the radar monitoring system 170 transmits the monitored information to the signal processing platform 140, thereby opening a defense mechanism. The signal processing platform 140 predicts the positions of the pressure sensors 110 and the corresponding defense units 108 which are likely to be attacked according to the monitored attack direction, and transmits the predicted positions to the control system 160. The control system 160 controls to apply high-voltage electric energy to the electro-hydraulic fluid 130 at the defense unit 108 in a targeted manner, so that the electro-hydraulic fluid 130 in a specific defense unit 108 is rapidly transformed into a solid state, thereby defending against the attack. When the danger is relieved, the high-voltage electric energy is withdrawn, and the electro-rheological fluid 130 in the specific defense unit 108 is converted into a liquid state again.

The solid-liquid conversion of the electrorheological fluid 130 needs to be performed under the action of high-voltage electric energy. On the one hand, the higher the voltage, the higher the strength of the converted solid material. On the other hand, the higher the voltage, the heavier the power supply will be. In the first embodiment, during the use process, regardless of the attack of any orientation, all regions of the electrorheological fluid 130 are excited to perform solid-liquid conversion, and for the regions which are not attacked, the waste of electric energy is caused, so that the required voltage is large, and the weight of the power supply is heavy. This embodiment solves this drawback by applying high voltage power only to a specific defence unit 108 during use, without energy being distributed, thereby not requiring a large power supply while making reasonable use of the limited power, so that the weight of the power supply 150 is significantly reduced, thereby providing the active restraint device 100 with good maneuverability, which is essential for many applications, such as the restraint of an armored vehicle, which is essential for its maneuverability. For example, it is also necessary to reduce the weight of protective clothing for the human body to allow the human body to move flexibly.

Fig. 12 is a schematic cross-sectional view (without circuit and other elements) of an active guard 500 according to a fifth embodiment of the present invention, and fig. 13 is a schematic electrical connection diagram of each element in the fifth embodiment shown in fig. 12. Referring to fig. 12-13, the difference from the fourth embodiment is that the active guarding apparatus 500 further includes a plurality of steering apparatuses 180, each steering apparatus 180 corresponds to one defense unit 108, and each defense unit 108 includes one pressure sensor 110, one accommodation space 115 and the electro-hydraulic fluid 130 therein. As shown in fig. 12-13, the steering device 180 is electrically connected to the control system 160. The rotation of the steering device 180 is controlled by the control system 160 to achieve horizontal rotation and vertical rotation of the electro-hydraulic fluid 130 in the accommodation space 115 to which it is connected. As shown in fig. 12, an example of the location of the diverting device 180 is shown, in this case, the diverting device 180 is located below the defending unit 108.

Fig. 14 shows an embodiment of the turning device 180. In this embodiment, the steering device 180 includes a base 12, a bracket 14 fixed on the base 12, and a vertical shaft 16 and a horizontal shaft 18 on the bracket 14. The vertical shaft 16 and the horizontal shaft 18 together form a plane, and a defense unit 108 is fixed on the vertical shaft 16 and the horizontal shaft 18. The control system 160 controls the rotation of the vertical rotating shaft 16 and the horizontal rotating shaft 18, thereby driving the rotation of the defense unit 108 thereon, and thus improving the defense pertinence and the defense capability.

Fig. 15 shows another embodiment of the turning device 180. In this embodiment, the turning device 180 includes a base 21, an annular rail 22 fixed on the base 21, and a cone table 23, the cone table 23 includes a plurality of pulleys 24 slidably connected to the annular rail 22 and a rotating shaft 25 located at the cone top, and the rotating shaft 25 is used for supporting a defense unit 108 of the present invention. The steering device 180 further includes an elevation driving motor 26 and a telescopic rod 27 connected to the defense unit 108 for driving the defense unit 108 to adjust the elevation. The steering device 180 further comprises a height angle drive motor 28 for driving the defence units 108 to adjust the height.

In the fifth embodiment, the steering device 180 shown in fig. 14 or 15 is used to adjust the height and angle of each defense unit 108. When a projectile or flyer is monitored, the radar monitoring system 170 transmits the monitored information to the signal processing platform 140, thereby opening a defense mechanism. The signal processing platform 140 predicts the positions of the pressure sensors 110 and the corresponding defense units 108 which are likely to be attacked according to the monitored attack direction, and transmits the predicted positions to the control system 160. The control system 160, on one hand, controls the application of high-voltage electric energy to the electro-hydraulic fluid 130 at the defense unit 108 in a targeted manner, so that the electro-hydraulic fluid 130 in a specific defense unit 108 is rapidly transformed into a solid state to resist the attack, and on the other hand, controls the steering device 180 to adjust the height and elevation angle of the accommodating space 115 on the defense unit 108 and the pressure sensor 110 thereon, which correspond to the steering device, so that the elevation angle and height of the pressure sensor 110 on the defense unit 108 can be adjusted in advance to cope with the attack, and an optimal impact resistance effect can be achieved. When the danger is relieved, the high-voltage electric energy is withdrawn, and the electro-rheological fluid 130 in the specific defense unit 108 is converted into a liquid state again. The steering device 180 also returns to the standby state.

Fig. 16 is a schematic top view (with other elements removed) of an active guard 600 according to a sixth embodiment of the present invention, and fig. 17 is a schematic cross-sectional view taken along the direction C-C in fig. 16. As shown in fig. 16 and 17, the difference from the fifth embodiment is that the active protection device 600 further includes an insulating switch 185 and a telescopic air pump 190, the insulating switch 185 is located inside each defense unit 108, and specifically, the insulating switch 185 is attached to the partition 105 of the defense unit 108 for dividing each accommodation space 115. Meanwhile, the lower portion of the insulation switch 185 is connected to the cladding structure 120. Further, the telescopic air pumps 190 are located below the defense units 108, each telescopic air pump 190 corresponds to one defense unit 108, and meanwhile, the telescopic air pumps 190 are covered by the covering structure 120, so that the accommodating space 115 and the telescopic air pumps 190 are separated by the covering structure 120. The partition 105 is provided with a communication port 188 for the flow of the electro-rheological fluid 130 in the adjacent accommodation space 115.

The telescopic air pump 190 is a piston-like structure, and the movement of air inflation and air suction can drive the coating structure 120 between the telescopic air pump and the accommodating space 115 to move, thereby driving the lifting of the coating structure 120 forming the accommodating space 115, and the material of the partition 105 and the material of the coating structure are both flexible deformable materials, thereby causing the extrusion deformation of the partition 105. Therefore, the telescopic air pump 190 and the defense unit 108 are always in synchronization with each other, and relative sliding does not occur.

Alternatively, when the steering device 180 is present, the telescopic air pump 190 is located between the defense unit 108 and the steering device 180, and one telescopic air pump 190 corresponds to one steering device 180 and one defense unit 108, so that the steering device 180 can control the joint steering of the corresponding telescopic air pump 190 and defense unit 108.

The insulation switch 185 is used to control whether the adjacent defense units 108 are connected or not. The retractable air pump 190 is electrically connected to the control system 160 and the power source 150, respectively. The insulation switch 185 controls the thickness of the specific defense unit 108 in cooperation with the extension air pump 190.

Specifically, when the radar monitoring system 170 monitors that the impact force of an incoming projectile is large and the thickness of the existing defense unit 108 cannot withstand the impact of the projectile, the control system 160 is informed that the control system 160 controls the activation of the bellows pump 190 corresponding to the specific defense unit 108 at the expected impact point. The telescopic air pump 190 compresses the electro-rheological fluid 130 in the surrounding adjacent accommodating space 115 into the accommodating space 115 through the communication port 188, and finally achieves the purpose of increasing the thickness of the specific defense unit 108 by increasing the amount of the electro-rheological fluid 130 in the accommodating space 115. At this time, a high-voltage electric current is applied to the electro-hydraulic fluid 130 within the accommodation space 115 at the expected impact point, and the electro-hydraulic fluid 130 immediately turns into a solid state for protection against the impact. When the danger is relieved, the current is cut off, the electrorheological fluid 130 becomes liquid again, and the telescopic air pump 190 extrudes the redundant electrorheological fluid 130 back to the original place to prepare for next defense. Thus, the dispersed electro-hydraulic fluid 130 may be concentrated at a specific location for resisting impact by the cooperation of the insulation switch 185 and the telescopic air pump 190. Therefore, effective defense against an incoming projectile can be realized only by carrying a small amount of the electrorheological fluid 130, the defense capability is improved, meanwhile, the weight of the active protection device 600 is further reduced, and the maneuvering and flexible performance is improved.

in principle, the isolation switch 185 functions to move up and down to open or close. The increase or decrease of the electro-rheological fluid 130 in the accommodating space 115 is realized by the suction or discharge of the telescopic air pump 190. The suction or discharge of the telescopic air pump 190 will cause the telescopic air pump 190 to ascend or descend, and the increase or decrease of the electro-rheological fluid 130 in the accommodating space 115 will cause the insulation switch 185 to ascend or descend accordingly. Since the partition 105 and the covering layer 120 are both made of flexible materials, the insulation switch 185 rises with the rise of the telescopic air pump 190 and finally reaches the communication port 188 of the electrorheological fluid 130, so that the insulation switch 185 between the accommodating spaces 115 is closed. At this time, the electro-rheological fluid 130 no longer flows, and the telescopic air pump 190 no longer ascends. Upon energization, the electro-rheological fluid 130 within each defense unit 108 changes to a solid state. After the danger is relieved, the electro-rheological fluid 130 becomes liquid again, the telescopic air pump 190 is started again, the insulation switch 185 is started, the connection position 188 of the electro-rheological fluid is connected again, the electro-rheological fluid 130 in the accommodating space 115 is sucked into the surrounding accommodating space 115 by the telescopic air pump 190, and the insulation switch 185 descends accordingly.

Fig. 18 is a schematic cross-sectional view of an active guard 700 according to a seventh embodiment of the present invention. The difference from the sixth embodiment is that the telescopic air pump 190 is located outside the enclosure 120, and the telescopic air pump 190 and the defense unit 108 are still separated by the enclosure 120. Optionally, when the steering device 180 is present, the telescopic air pump 190 is still located between the steering device 180 and the defence unit 108. The principle of action is substantially the same as in the sixth embodiment.

To sum up, at first, adopt the utility model discloses an initiative protector that state is reversible, owing to the mobility of this electrorheological fluids, it has the characteristic of liquid solid state conversion under the excitation of high-voltage electric energy, and solid-state electrorheological fluids has very high intensity, can resist the impact of attacking the projectile effectively. When the danger is relieved, the voltage is relieved, and the electrorheological fluid is restored to a liquid state to prepare for next defense. The utility model discloses utilize the characteristic of material, utilize the electric energy to realize effective, many times the defense to the projectile body impact.

The utility model is suitable for an occasion that easily explodes, for example chemical plant, scene of fire, battlefield etc..

The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention, and the present invention is not limited to the above embodiments, and although the present invention has been disclosed with the preferred embodiments, it is not limited to the present invention, and any skilled person in the art can make some modifications or equivalent changes without departing from the technical scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. An active guard, characterized by: including a plurality of pressure sensor, cladding structure and electrorheological fluids, this cladding structure forms an accommodation space, and this electrorheological fluids is held at this accommodation space, and this pressure sensor is attached on this cladding structure surface, arranges for regular or anomalous array.

2. The active guarding apparatus of claim 1, wherein: the electrorheological fluid control system is characterized by further comprising a signal processing platform, a power supply and a control system, wherein the power supply is electrically connected with the pressure sensor, the signal processing platform and the control system respectively, the signal processing platform is further connected with the pressure sensor and the control system respectively, and the control system is further electrically connected with the electrorheological fluid.

3. The active guarding apparatus of claim 1, wherein: the electrorheological fluid comprises dielectric particles and base fluid, wherein the dielectric particles are suspended in the base fluid, and the base fluid comprises silicone oil and organic silicon polyether.

4. the active guarding apparatus of claim 3, wherein: the dielectric particles are double-shell hollow nanoparticles and comprise an outer shell, an inner shell, a first hollow area positioned between the outer shell and the inner shell, and a second hollow area positioned inside the inner shell, wherein the outer shell and the inner shell are made of SiO₂or TiO₂。

5. The active guarding apparatus of claim 2, wherein: the radar monitoring system is electrically connected with the power supply and the signal processing platform respectively.

6. The active guarding apparatus of claim 5, wherein: a plurality of criss-cross partitions are arranged in the coating structure, the partitions and the coating structure form a plurality of accommodating spaces together, the electrorheological fluid is accommodated in each accommodating space, each accommodating space corresponds to one pressure sensor, and the electrorheological fluid in each accommodating space and the corresponding pressure sensor form a defense unit.

7. The active guard of claim 6, wherein: the material of the partition is the same as that of the cladding structure.

8. The active guard of claim 6, wherein: the defense system further comprises a plurality of steering devices electrically connected with the control system, and each steering device is used for steering one corresponding defense unit.

9. The active guard of claim 8, wherein: the steering device is located below the defense unit.

10. The active guard of claim 6, wherein: the protection device is characterized by further comprising insulation switches and telescopic air pumps, wherein the insulation switches are arranged on the partitions, the lower portions of the insulation switches are connected with the coating structures, communication ports are formed in the partitions, the telescopic air pumps are respectively connected with the control system and the power supply, each telescopic air pump corresponds to one defense unit and is located below the defense unit, and the telescopic air pumps and the defense units are separated by the coating structures.

11. The active guard of claim 10, wherein: the telescopic air pump is positioned in the coating structure and is coated by the coating structure.

12. The active guard of claim 10, wherein: the telescopic air pump is positioned outside the coating structure.

13. The active guard according to claim 11 or 12, characterized in that: the steering device further comprises steering devices, each steering device corresponds to one defense unit and one telescopic air pump, and the telescopic air pumps are located between the steering devices and the defense units.