CN109724471B - Active protection system - Google Patents
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- CN109724471B CN109724471B CN201811620870.3A CN201811620870A CN109724471B CN 109724471 B CN109724471 B CN 109724471B CN 201811620870 A CN201811620870 A CN 201811620870A CN 109724471 B CN109724471 B CN 109724471B
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Abstract
The invention provides a state reversible active protection system, which contains electrorheological fluid, and the electrorheological fluid has the characteristics of liquid-solid state conversion under the excitation of high-voltage electric energy due to the fluidity of the electrorheological fluid, can be rapidly changed into a solid state when being excited by current, and the solid electrorheological fluid has high strength, so the active protection system can effectively resist the impact of an incoming projectile. The invention utilizes the characteristics of materials and electric energy to realize effective and repeated defense on the impact of the projectile body. And the system is combined with a radar monitoring system, so that the monitoring of the incoming projectile body is realized, and the active defense and the advance defense are facilitated. The invention is suitable for the occasions which are easy to explode, such as chemical plants, fire scenes, battlefields and the like.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of impact resistance, in particular to an active protection system with a reversible state.
Background
In the case of an accident or explosion, such as a chemical plant, a battlefield, etc., the accident or explosion may cause serious casualties to vehicles and people, and it is necessary to protect, for example, armored vehicles or people. Therefore, a guard is indispensable.
The existing protective devices mainly comprise metal materials, ceramic materials, high-performance fiber composite materials and the like. For metal materials, after being hit by flyers generated by collision or explosion, the flyers can deform, and the subsequent protection capability of the flyers is reduced. For ceramic materials, the materials are easy to break and have weak continuous protection capability. For a high-performance fiber composite material, the protective capability of the high-performance fiber composite material is benefited by higher tensile strength, but the material is easily punctured by flying pieces, and the performance advantage of the material cannot be fully exerted.
Also, the typical guard is mainly a passive guard. It is simple in construction and is typically attached to the surface of a protected object such as an armored vehicle. The passive protection device cannot adjust the impact angle by self, cannot control the defense distance, and can generate great impact on the device due to strong impact or explosion to cause personal injury.
Therefore, there is a need to provide a novel active protection system, which can automatically adjust the impact angle, resist the impact of the external flyer, and perform multiple active protection without being damaged.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention provides an active protection system, which comprises a plurality of pressure sensors, a coating structure and electrorheological fluid, wherein the pressure sensors are attached to the surface of the coating structure, a plurality of criss-cross partitions are arranged in the coating structure, the partitions and the coating structure form a plurality of accommodating spaces, the electrorheological fluid is accommodated in each accommodating space, each accommodating space corresponds to one pressure sensor, and the electrorheological fluid in each accommodating space and the corresponding pressure sensor form a defense unit; the electrorheological fluid protection device is characterized by further comprising a signal processing platform, a power supply and a control system, wherein the power supply is electrically connected with the pressure sensor, the signal processing platform and the control system respectively, the signal processing platform is also connected with the pressure sensor and the control system respectively, and the control system is also electrically connected with the electrorheological fluid, so that the states of the electrorheological fluid in the defense units at the positions corresponding to the impacted pressure sensors and the positions to be impacted can be controlled in a targeted manner.
According to one embodiment of the present invention, the electrorheological fluid includes dielectric particles suspended in a base fluid including silicone oil and silicone polyether, and the base fluid includes silicone oil and silicone polyether.
According to one embodiment of the present invention, the dielectric particles are double-shell hollow nanoparticles, and comprise an outer shell, an inner shell, a first hollow region between the outer shell and the inner shell, and a second hollow region inside the inner shell, wherein the outer shell and the inner shell are made of SiO 2 Or TiO 2 。
According to one embodiment of the invention, the pressure sensors are arranged in a regular or irregular array.
According to an embodiment of the present invention, the active protection system further includes a radar monitoring system, and the radar monitoring system is electrically connected to the power supply and the signal processing platform, respectively.
According to an embodiment of the present invention, the material of the partition is the same as the cladding structure.
According to an embodiment of the present invention, the active defense system further includes a plurality of steering devices electrically connected to the control system, each steering device being configured to steer to a corresponding defense unit. The steering device is located below the defense unit.
According to an embodiment of the present invention, the active protection system further includes an insulation switch and a telescopic air pump, the insulation switch is disposed on each partition, the lower portion of the insulation switch is connected to the cladding structure, the partition is provided with a communication port, the telescopic air pump is respectively connected to the control system and the power supply and is clad by the cladding structure, each telescopic air pump corresponds to one defense unit and is located below the defense unit, and the telescopic air pump and the defense unit are separated by the cladding structure.
According to one embodiment of the invention, the cladding structure is a composite material comprising kevlar fibres, glass fibres and/or polyethylene fibres.
In summary, with the active protection system of the present invention, firstly, due to the fluidity of the electrorheological fluid, the electrorheological fluid has the characteristic of liquid-solid state conversion under the excitation of high voltage electric energy, and the solid electrorheological fluid has very high strength, and can effectively resist the impact of an incoming projectile. When the danger is relieved, the voltage is relieved, and the electrorheological fluid is restored to a liquid state to prepare for next defense. The invention utilizes the reversible property of the material and the electric energy to realize effective and repeated defense on the impact of the projectile body.
Secondly, the combination of the pressure sensor and the radar monitoring system can monitor the incoming bomb in advance, and a defense mechanism is started in advance, so that the electrorheological fluid is converted into a solid state before impact occurs, and the impact resistance is improved.
Thirdly, due to the existence of a plurality of partitions in the coating structure, the electro-rheological fluid is contained in a plurality of containing spaces in a dividing mode. When the radar monitoring system is matched with a radar monitoring system, when the radar monitoring system monitors the impact direction of an incoming bomb, the control system can start the defense unit at a specific position to enter a defense state, and only the electrorheological fluid at the specific position is electrified to be converted into a solid state so as to perform defense pointedly, thereby avoiding the electric energy waste caused by the fact that all the electrorheological fluids are electrified to be converted into the solid state, and simultaneously avoiding the weight caused by overlarge power supply.
And the arrangement of the steering device enables the defense angle and the height of the defense unit at the specific position to be adjustable, so that the impact resistance effect of defense is enhanced.
Finally, the arrangement of the insulated switch and the telescopic air pump can purposefully compress the surrounding electrorheological fluid into the defense unit at a specific position through the extrusion or suction of the telescopic air pump on the electrorheological fluid aiming at the monitored attack direction and impact force of an incoming projectile body, so as to increase the amount of the electrorheological fluid at the position and finally improve the thickness of the electrorheological fluid at the position. Effective defense against an incoming projectile can be realized only by carrying less electrorheological fluid, the defense capability is improved, and meanwhile, the weight of the device caused by carrying too much electrorheological fluid is reduced, so that the maneuvering flexibility of the device is improved.
The foregoing description is only an overview of the technical solutions of the present invention, and in order to make the technical means of the present invention more clearly understood, the present invention may be implemented in accordance with the content of the description, and in order to make the above and other objects, features, and advantages of the present invention more clearly understandable, the following specific preferred embodiments are described in detail.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic top view of an active protection system according to a first embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 2 isbase:Sub>A cross-sectional view taken along line A-A of FIG. 1;
FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram of electrical connections between the elements of FIG. 1;
FIG. 4 is a schematic view of the structure of an electrorheological fluid;
FIG. 5 is a cross-sectional view of a dielectric particle and polarization;
FIG. 6 is a schematic top cross-sectional view of an active guarding system according to a second embodiment of the invention;
FIG. 7 is a schematic top cross-sectional view of an active guarding system according to a third embodiment of the invention (without circuit and other components);
FIG. 8 is a schematic diagram of electrical connections between the components shown in FIG. 7;
FIG. 9 is a schematic top cross-sectional view of an active guarding system according to a fourth embodiment of the invention (without circuit and other components);
FIG. 10 is a cross-sectional view taken along line B-B of FIG. 9;
FIG. 11 is a schematic diagram of electrical connections between the elements shown in FIG. 9;
FIG. 12 is a schematic cross-sectional view of an active guarding system according to a fifth embodiment of the invention (without circuit and other elements);
FIG. 13 is a schematic diagram of electrical connections between the elements shown in FIG. 12;
FIG. 14 is a schematic structural view of one embodiment of a steering device;
FIG. 15 is a schematic configuration view of another embodiment of the steering apparatus;
FIG. 16 is a schematic top view (with other elements removed) of an active protection system according to a sixth embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 17 is a schematic cross-sectional view taken along the line C-C in fig. 16.
Detailed Description
To further illustrate the technical means and effects of the present invention adopted to achieve the predetermined objects, the present invention is described in detail with reference to the preferred embodiments as follows.
Fig. 1 isbase:Sub>A schematic top view of an active guarding system 100 according tobase:Sub>A first embodiment of the invention, and fig. 2 isbase:Sub>A schematic cross-sectional view taken alongbase:Sub>A linebase:Sub>A-base:Sub>A in fig. 1. Referring to fig. 1 and fig. 2, the active protection system 100 includes a pressure sensing system 101, a cladding structure 120, and an electrorheological fluid 130, wherein the electrorheological fluid 130 is cladded in the cladding structure 120, and the cladding structure 120 is made of a high performance fiber composite material.
The pressure sensing system 101 includes a plurality of pressure sensors 110 and a signal processing platform 140, the pressure sensors 110 are respectively electrically connected to the signal processing platform 140, and the pressure sensors 110 are disposed and attached to the surface of the covering structure 120, for example, in an attaching manner.
The plurality of pressure sensors 110 may be arranged in a regular array as shown in fig. 1, or in an irregular array as shown in fig. 6. The pressure sensor 110 is made of a resistor, a capacitor or a piezoelectric material, and the pressure change is acquired by using the change of the resistor, the capacitor or a voltage signal of the material under the action of pressure, so that the impact on the active protection system 100, including the impact of a projectile body and the impact of shock waves, can be monitored in real time. For example, the pressure sensor 110 is made of a Polytetrafluoroethylene (PVDF) piezoelectric film. The PVDF piezoelectric film has the advantages of high sensitivity, wide frequency response and the like. For example, the pressure sensor 110 is a resistance-type pressure sensor, and is fabricated by bonding a conductive material such as carbon nanotubes or graphene with a rubber resin.
The signal processing platform 140 converts the voltage signal collected by the pressure sensor 110 into a pressure signal. The signal processing platform 140 includes a data acquisition system for acquiring voltage signals generated by impacts applied to each pressure sensor 110, and a data processing system for processing the voltage signals and converting the processed voltage signals into pressure signals reflecting the pressure applied to the pressure sensors 110.
Fig. 2 isbase:Sub>A schematic cross-sectional view alongbase:Sub>A-base:Sub>A direction in fig. 1, and fig. 3 isbase:Sub>A schematic electrical connection diagram of each element in fig. 1. As shown in fig. 1-3, the active protection system 100 further includes a power source 150, the pressure sensors 110 are respectively electrically connected to the power source 150, and the signal processing platform 140 is also electrically connected to the power source 150, so that the power source 150 supplies power to the pressure sensors 110 and the signal processing platform 140. In other words, the pressure sensing system 101 is electrically connected to the power source 150, and the power source 150 supplies power to the pressure sensing system 101.
Further, as shown in fig. 1-3, the active guarding system 100 further includes a control system 160, wherein the control system 160 is electrically connected to the power source 150, and the power source 150 supplies power to the control system 160. The control system 160 is further electrically connected to the pressure sensing system 101 and the electrorheological fluid 130, and is configured to receive the pressure signal of the signal processing platform 140, and control the state of the electrorheological fluid 130 corresponding to the pressure sensor 110 at the impacted or impacted position after determining the pressure signal. For example, when the pressure applied to the pressure sensor 110 at a certain position suddenly increases, the signal processing platform 140 converts the received voltage signal into a pressure signal, and transmits the pressure signal to the control system 160; the control system 160 receives the pressure signal and controls the electro-rheological fluid 130 in the enclosing structure 120 to be rapidly transformed into a solid state, thereby resisting the impact force.
The wrapping structure 120 is used for wrapping the electrorheological fluid 130 so that the electrorheological fluid does not leak outwards. The covering structure 120 is a composite material formed of polymer materials and Kevlar (Kevlar) fibers, glass fibers and/or polyethylene fibers. Taking kevlar fiber as an example, the preparation method of the coating structure 120 is: firstly, a certain amount of Kevlar nanofiber solution and a certain amount of aqueous polyurethane solution are respectively prepared. Next, the glass sheet is treated to make it negatively charged. Specifically, after the cleaned glass sheet is treated by sulfuric acid and hydrogen peroxide, the glass sheet is washed by deionized water for 3-5 times, and at the moment, the surface of the glass sheet is negatively charged. And thirdly, soaking the glass sheet with negative charges in the aqueous polyurethane solution for a certain time, taking out, washing with deionized water, and drying. Then, the glass sheet is immersed in the Kevlar nanofiber solution for a certain time, taken out, washed with deionized water and dried. This process is a cycle. And continuously repeating the cycle of soaking in the aqueous polyurethane solution and soaking in the Kevlar nanofiber solution until the film on the glass sheet reaches a certain thickness, for example, repeating the cycle for 300-500 times to obtain the Kevlar nanofiber composite film. The composite film forms the cladding structure 120.
The clad structure 120 prepared by the method has the advantages of low density, high strength, good toughness, high temperature resistance, and easy processing and forming, for example, the Kevlar fiber has the strength 5 times of steel, but the Kevlar fiber has the density of 1.44g/cm 3 The density of the steel is 7.859g/cm 3 The density of Kevlar fiber is only one fifth of that of steel. By using the coating structure 120, the electro-rheological fluid 130 can be effectively supported when an elastomer or a flying piece is impacted, and the protection capability of the structure is increased.
As shown in fig. 2, the cladding structure 120 forms a receiving space for receiving the electro-rheological fluid 130. Fig. 4 shows a schematic structural view of the electro-rheological fluid 130. The electrorheological fluid 130 includes dielectric particles 132 and a base fluid 134, and the dielectric particles 132 are suspended in the base fluid 134. The base liquid 134 has good insulation properties, and includes silicone oil, silicone polyether, and the like. In the electrorheological fluid 130, the dielectric particles 132 constitute a dispersed phase of the mixed liquid, the silicone oil in the base liquid 134 constitutes a continuous phase of the mixed liquid, and the silicone polyether constitutes an additive of the mixed liquid.
Fig. 5 shows a cross-sectional structure and polarization of the dielectric particles 132. The dielectric particles 132 are double-shell hollow nanoparticles made of SiO 2 /TiO 2 For example, polypyrrole/titanium dioxide hollow nanoparticles. It includes an outer shell 1321, an inner shell 1322, a first hollow area 1323 located between the outer shell 1321 and the inner shell 1322, and a second hollow area 1324 located inside the inner shell 1322. The first hollow region 1323 and the second hollow region 1324 are hollow regions formed by ultrasonic etching with ammonia water, and the outer shell 1321 and the inner shell 1322 are made of SiO 2 /TiO 2 . In the dual-shell structure, charge accumulation surface sites are formed on the outer shell 1321 and the inner shell 1322, respectively, and additional electrostatic interactions are also formed between the outer shell 1321 and the inner shell 1322. In addition, there is also an electrostatic interaction between two adjacent dielectric particles 132. Therefore, the double-shell hollow nanoparticles show more excellent electrorheological properties and have good anti-settling properties under the action of an applied electric field, so that the dielectric particles 132 can be always suspended in the electrorheological fluid 130, the rheological properties such as yield stress, shear modulus and the like can be subjected to continuous, reversible and controllable state change under the action of the applied electric field, and the state change can be carried out in millisecond order.
As shown in fig. 5, under the action of the applied electric field, the viscosity of the electrorheological fluid 130 increases significantly with the increase of the electric field strength due to the double charge accumulation effect and the additional electrostatic interaction of the outer shell 1321 and the inner shell 1322 of the dielectric particles 132 and the electrostatic interaction between different dielectric particles 132. When the electric field strength reaches a certain critical value, the electro-rheological fluid 130 may rapidly change phase even to a solid state. When the electric field is removed, the electro-rheological fluid 130 immediately changes from a solid state to a liquid state.
In addition, the silicone oil in the electrorheological fluid 130 serves as a continuous phase, so that the electrorheological fluid 130 has good yield strength and anti-settling property. The organic silicon polyether is used as an additive, plays a good lubricating role, and increases the comprehensive performance of the electrorheological fluid 130.
The above-mentioned composition and characteristics of the electro-hydraulic fluid 130 cause it to be deformable within a certain range, thereby accommodating the volume change of the electro-hydraulic fluid 130 during solid-liquid transformation. Further, the above-mentioned configuration and characteristics of the electro-rheological fluid 130 also enable the active defense system 100 to resist multiple attacks of a projectile or flyer by using electric energy, and since the solid-liquid state transformation is reversible, the defense attack can be performed multiple times and continuously.
Fig. 6 is a schematic top cross-sectional view of an active protection system 200 according to a second embodiment of the present invention. The difference from the first embodiment is that the pressure sensors 110 are arranged in an irregular array.
Fig. 7 is a schematic top cross-sectional view of an active guarding system 300 according to a third embodiment of the invention (without circuit and other elements). Fig. 8 is a schematic diagram of electrical connection between the elements in fig. 7. The difference from the first embodiment is that the active protection system 300 further includes a radar monitoring system 170. As shown in fig. 8, the radar monitoring system 170 is electrically connected to the power source 150 and the signal processing platform 140, respectively. The radar monitoring system 170 is electrically connected to the power source 150, and the power source 150 provides power to the radar monitoring system 170. The radar monitoring system 170 cooperates with the pressure sensing system 101 formed by the signal processing stage 140 and the pressure sensor 110, and specifically, the radar monitoring system 170 is connected to the signal processing stage 140.
In this embodiment, referring to fig. 8, the radar monitoring system 170 monitors the outside projectile or flyer at any time. When a projectile or flyer is monitored, the radar monitoring system 170 transmits the monitored information to the signal processing platform 140, thereby opening a defense mechanism. The signal processing platform 140 transmits the monitored information to the control system 160. The control system 160 rapidly starts to apply high-voltage electric energy to the electro-rheological fluid 130, so that the electro-rheological fluid 130 is rapidly transformed into a solid state under the action of the high-voltage electric energy, thereby rapidly improving the impact resistance.
Due to the existence of the radar monitoring system 170, the active protection system 300 can monitor the incoming projectile in advance, and once in a dangerous state, the control system 160 can be notified immediately, and the control system 160 can be started to apply high-voltage electric energy to the electro-rheological fluid 130 quickly, so as to excite the electro-rheological fluid 130 to be solidified and hardened quickly under the action of the high-voltage electric energy, thereby enhancing the anti-ballistic capability of the active protection system 300. Once the danger is relieved, the high voltage electrical energy is withdrawn, and the electro-rheological fluid 130 instantaneously changes from a solid state to a liquid state. Therefore, the active defense system 300 can be used repeatedly and continuously defended repeatedly.
Fig. 9 is a schematic top cross-sectional view of an active guarding system 300 according to a fourth embodiment of the invention (without circuit and other elements). Fig. 10 is a schematic sectional view taken along the direction B-B in fig. 9. Fig. 11 is a schematic diagram of electrical connection between the elements in fig. 9. Referring to fig. 9-11, the difference between the third embodiment and the first embodiment is that the active protection system 400 includes a cladding structure 120 and a plurality of criss-cross partitions 105 located in the cladding structure 120, which together form a plurality of accommodating spaces 115. The electro-rheological fluid 130 is respectively contained in the respective containing spaces 115 formed. The plurality of accommodating spaces 115 are arranged in an array, and each accommodating space 115 corresponds to at least one pressure sensor 110. The material of the partition 105 is the same as that of the cladding structure 120. Thus, the electro-rheological fluid 130 in each accommodation space 115, and its corresponding pressure sensor 110 form one defense unit 108.
In this embodiment, the radar monitoring system 170 monitors the external projectile or flyer at any time, and determines the shape, size, speed, attack direction, and the like of the projectile or flyer. When a projectile or flyer is monitored, the radar monitoring system 170 transmits the monitored information to the signal processing platform 140, thereby opening a defense mechanism. The signal processing platform 140 predicts the positions of the pressure sensors 110 and the corresponding defense units 108 which are likely to be attacked according to the monitored attack direction, and transmits the predicted positions to the control system 160. The control system 160 controls to apply high-voltage electric energy to the electro-hydraulic fluid 130 at the defense unit 108 in a targeted manner, so that the electro-hydraulic fluid 130 in a specific defense unit 108 is rapidly transformed into a solid state, thereby defending against the attack. When the hazard is relieved, the high voltage electrical energy is withdrawn and the electrorheological fluid 130 within that particular defense unit 108 is reconverted to a liquid state.
Since the solid-liquid conversion of the electrorheological fluid 130 needs to be performed under the action of high-voltage electric energy. On the one hand, the higher the voltage, the higher the strength of the converted solid material. On the other hand, the higher the voltage, the heavier the power supply will be. In the first embodiment, during the use process, regardless of the attack of any orientation, all regions of the electrorheological fluid 130 are excited to perform solid-liquid conversion, and for the regions which are not attacked, the waste of electric energy is caused, so that the required voltage is large, and the weight of the power supply is heavy. This embodiment solves this drawback by applying high voltage power only to a specific defence unit 108 during use, without energy being distributed, thereby not requiring a large power supply while reasonably utilizing limited power, resulting in a significant reduction in the weight of the power supply 150, thereby providing the active protection system 100 with good maneuverability, which is critical in many situations, such as for armoured vehicle fenders, which is essential. For example, it is also necessary to reduce the weight of protective clothing for the human body to allow the human body to move flexibly.
Fig. 12 is a cross-sectional view (without circuit and other elements) of an active guarding system 500 according to a fifth embodiment of the invention, and fig. 13 is an electrical connection diagram of each element in the fifth embodiment shown in fig. 12. Referring to fig. 12-13, the difference from the fourth embodiment is that the active guarding system 500 further includes a plurality of steering devices 180, each steering device 180 corresponds to one of the guarding units 108, and each guarding unit 108 includes one pressure sensor 110, one accommodating space 115 and the electro-rheological fluid 130 therein. As shown in fig. 12-13, the steering device 180 is electrically connected to the control system 160. The rotation of the steering device 180 is controlled by the control system 160 to achieve horizontal rotation and vertical rotation of the electro-hydraulic fluid 130 in the accommodation space 115 to which it is connected. As shown in fig. 12, an example of the location of the diverting device 180 is shown, in this case, the diverting device 180 is located below the defending unit 108.
Fig. 14 shows an embodiment of the turning device 180. In the embodiment, the steering device 180 includes a base 12, a bracket 14 fixed on the base 12, and a vertical shaft 16 and a horizontal shaft 18 on the bracket 14. The vertical shaft 16 and the horizontal shaft 18 together form a plane, and a defense unit 108 is fixed on the vertical shaft 16 and the horizontal shaft 18. The control system 160 controls the rotation of the vertical rotating shaft 16 and the horizontal rotating shaft 18, thereby driving the rotation of the defense unit 108 thereon, and thus improving the defense pertinence and the defense capability.
Fig. 15 shows another embodiment of the turning device 180. In the present embodiment, the steering device 180 includes a base 21, an annular rail 22 fixed on the base 21, and a conical table 23, the conical table 23 includes a plurality of pulleys 24 slidably connected to the annular rail 22 and a rotating shaft 25 at the top of the cone, the rotating shaft 25 is used for supporting a defense unit 108 of the present invention. The steering device 180 further comprises an elevation driving motor 26 and a telescopic rod 27 connected with the defense unit 108, and is used for driving the defense unit 108 to adjust the elevation. The steering device 180 further comprises a height angle drive motor 28 for driving the defence units 108 to adjust the height.
In the fifth embodiment, the steering device 180 shown in fig. 14 or 15 is used to adjust the height and angle of each defense unit 108. When a projectile or flyer is monitored, the radar monitoring system 170 transmits the monitored information to the signal processing platform 140, thereby opening a defense mechanism. The signal processing platform 140 predicts the positions of the pressure sensors 110 and the corresponding defense units 108 which are likely to be attacked according to the monitored attack direction, and transmits the predicted positions to the control system 160. The control system 160, on one hand, controls the application of high-voltage electric energy to the electro-hydraulic fluid 130 at the defense unit 108 in a targeted manner, so that the electro-hydraulic fluid 130 in a specific defense unit 108 is rapidly transformed into a solid state to resist the attack, and on the other hand, controls the steering device 180 to adjust the height and elevation angle of the accommodating space 115 on the defense unit 108 and the pressure sensor 110 thereon, which correspond to the steering device, so that the elevation angle and height of the pressure sensor 110 on the defense unit 108 can be adjusted in advance to cope with the attack, and an optimal impact resistance effect can be achieved. When the hazard is relieved, the high voltage electrical energy is withdrawn and the electrorheological fluid 130 within that particular defense unit 108 is reconverted to a liquid state. The steering device 180 also returns to the standby state.
Fig. 16 is a schematic top view (with other elements removed) of an active guarding system 600 according to a sixth embodiment of the invention, and fig. 17 is a schematic cross-sectional view taken along the direction C-C in fig. 16. As shown in fig. 16 and 17, the difference from the fifth embodiment is that the active protection system 600 further includes an insulating switch 185 and a telescopic air pump 190, the insulating switch 185 is located inside each defense unit 108, and specifically, the insulating switch 185 is attached to the partition 105 of the defense unit 108 for dividing each accommodation space 115. Meanwhile, the lower portion of the insulation switch 185 is connected to the cladding structure 120. Further, the telescopic air pumps 190 are located below the defense units 108, each telescopic air pump 190 corresponds to one defense unit 108, and meanwhile, the telescopic air pumps 190 are covered by the covering structure 120, so that the accommodating space 115 and the telescopic air pumps 190 are separated by the covering structure 120. The partition 105 is provided with a communication port 188 for the flow of the electro-rheological fluid 130 in the adjacent accommodation space 115.
The telescopic air pump 190 is a piston-like structure, and the movement of air inflation and air suction can drive the coating structure 120 between the telescopic air pump and the accommodating space 115 to move, thereby driving the lifting of the coating structure 120 forming the accommodating space 115, and the material of the partition 105 and the material of the coating structure are both flexible deformable materials, thereby causing the extrusion deformation of the partition 105. Therefore, the telescopic air pump 190 and the defense unit 108 are always in synchronization with each other, and relative sliding does not occur.
Alternatively, when the steering device 180 is present, the telescopic air pump 190 is located between the defense unit 108 and the steering device 180, and one telescopic air pump 190 corresponds to one steering device 180 and one defense unit 108, so that the steering device 180 can control the joint steering of the corresponding telescopic air pump 190 and defense unit 108.
The insulation switch 185 is used to control whether the adjacent defense units 108 are connected or not. The retractable air pump 190 is electrically connected to the control system 160 and the power source 150, respectively. The insulation switch 185 controls the thickness of the specific defense unit 108 in cooperation with the telescopic air pump 190.
Specifically, when the radar monitoring system 170 monitors that the impact force of an incoming projectile is large and the thickness of the existing defense unit 108 cannot withstand the impact of the projectile, the control system 160 is informed that the control system 160 controls the activation of the bellows pump 190 corresponding to the specific defense unit 108 at the expected impact point. The telescopic air pump 190 compresses the electro-rheological fluid 130 in the adjacent surrounding accommodating space 115 into the accommodating space 115 at that location through the communication port 188, and finally achieves the purpose of increasing the thickness of the specific defense unit 108 by increasing the amount of the electro-rheological fluid 130 in the accommodating space 115 at that location. At this time, a high-voltage electric current is applied to the electro-rheological fluid 130 in the accommodation space 115 at the intended impact point, and the electro-rheological fluid 130 immediately turns into a solid state for protection against the impact. When the danger is relieved, the current is cut off, the electrorheological fluid 130 becomes liquid again, and the telescopic air pump 190 extrudes the redundant electrorheological fluid 130 back to the original place to prepare for next defense. Thus, by the cooperation of the insulation switch 185 and the telescopic air pump 190, the dispersed electro-rheological fluid 130 may be concentrated at a specific position for resisting impact. Therefore, effective defense against an incoming projectile can be realized only by carrying a small amount of the electrorheological fluid 130, the defense capability is improved, meanwhile, the weight of the active protection system 600 is further reduced, and the maneuvering and flexible performance is improved.
In principle, the isolation switch 185 functions to move up and down to open or close. The increase or decrease of the electro-rheological fluid 130 in the accommodating space 115 is realized by the suction or the discharge of the telescopic air pump 190. The suction or discharge of the telescopic air pump 190 will cause the telescopic air pump 190 to ascend or descend, and the increase or decrease of the electro-rheological fluid 130 in the accommodating space 115 will cause the insulation switch 185 to ascend or descend accordingly. Since the partition 105 and the covering layer 120 are both made of flexible materials, the insulation switch 185 rises with the rise of the telescopic air pump 190 and finally reaches the communication port 188 of the electrorheological fluid 130, so that the insulation switch 185 between the accommodating spaces 115 is closed. At this time, the electro-rheological fluid 130 no longer flows, and the telescopic air pump 190 no longer ascends. Upon energization, the electro-rheological fluid 130 within each defense unit 108 changes to a solid state. After the danger is relieved, the electro-rheological fluid 130 becomes liquid again, the telescopic air pump 190 is started again, the insulation switch 185 is started, the connection position 188 of the electro-rheological fluid is connected again, the electro-rheological fluid 130 in the accommodating space 115 is sucked into the surrounding accommodating space 115 by the telescopic air pump 190, and the insulation switch 185 descends accordingly.
In summary, firstly, with the active protection system with reversible state of the present invention, due to the fluidity of the electrorheological fluid, the electrorheological fluid has the characteristic of liquid-solid state conversion under the excitation of high voltage electric energy, and the solid electrorheological fluid has very high strength, and can effectively resist the impact of an incoming projectile. When the danger is relieved, the voltage is relieved, and the electrorheological fluid is restored to a liquid state to prepare for next defense. The invention utilizes the characteristics of materials and electric energy to realize effective and repeated defense on the impact of the projectile body.
Secondly, the combination of the pressure sensor and the radar monitoring system can monitor the incoming bomb in advance, and a defense mechanism is started in advance, so that the electrorheological fluid is converted into a solid state before impact occurs, and the impact resistance is improved.
Thirdly, due to the existence of a plurality of partitions in the coating structure, the electro-rheological fluid is contained in a plurality of containing spaces in a dividing mode. When the radar monitoring system is matched with a radar monitoring system, when the radar monitoring system monitors the impact direction of an incoming bomb, the control system can start the defense unit at a specific position to enter a defense state, and only the electrorheological fluid at the specific position is electrified to be converted into a solid state so as to perform defense pointedly, thereby avoiding the electric energy waste caused by the fact that all the electrorheological fluids are electrified to be converted into the solid state, and simultaneously avoiding the weight caused by overlarge power supply.
And the arrangement of the steering device enables the defense angle and the height of the defense unit at the specific position to be adjustable, so that the impact resistance effect of defense is enhanced.
Finally, the arrangement of the insulating switch and the telescopic air pump can purposefully retract the surrounding electrorheological fluid into the defense unit at a specific position through the extrusion or suction of the telescopic air pump on the electrorheological fluid aiming at the monitored attack direction and impact force of the incoming bomb body, so as to increase the quantity of the electrorheological fluid at the position and finally improve the thickness of the electrorheological fluid at the position. Effective defense against an incoming projectile can be realized only by carrying less electrorheological fluid, the defense capability is improved, and meanwhile, the weight of the device caused by carrying too much electrorheological fluid is reduced, so that the maneuvering flexibility of the device is improved.
The invention is suitable for the occasions which are easy to explode, such as chemical plants, fire scenes, battlefields and the like.
Although the present invention has been described with reference to the preferred embodiments, it will be understood by those skilled in the art that various changes may be made and equivalents may be substituted for elements thereof without departing from the scope of the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. An active protection system, characterized by: the electro-rheological fluid protection device comprises a plurality of pressure sensors, a coating structure and electro-rheological fluid, wherein the pressure sensors are attached to the surface of the coating structure, a plurality of criss-cross partitions are arranged in the coating structure, the partitions and the coating structure form a plurality of containing spaces together, the electro-rheological fluid is contained in each containing space, each containing space corresponds to one pressure sensor, and the electro-rheological fluid in each containing space and the corresponding pressure sensor form a protection unit;
the electrorheological fluid protection device is characterized by further comprising a signal processing platform, a power supply and a control system, wherein the power supply is electrically connected with the pressure sensor, the signal processing platform and the control system respectively, the signal processing platform is also connected with the pressure sensor and the control system respectively, and the control system is also electrically connected with the electrorheological fluid, so that the states of the electrorheological fluid in the defense units at the positions corresponding to the impacted pressure sensors and the positions to be impacted can be controlled in a targeted manner.
2. The active protection system of claim 1, wherein: the electrorheological fluid comprises dielectric particles and base fluid, wherein the dielectric particles are suspended in the base fluid, and the base fluid comprises silicone oil and organic silicon polyether.
3. The active protection system of claim 2, wherein: the dielectric particles are double-shell hollow nanoparticles and comprise an outer shell, an inner shell, a first hollow area positioned between the outer shell and the inner shell, and a second hollow area positioned inside the inner shell, wherein the outer shell and the inner shell are made of SiO 2 Or TiO 2 。
4. The active protection system of claim 1, wherein: the pressure sensors are arranged in a regular or irregular array.
5. The active protection system of claim 1, wherein: still include radar monitoring system, this radar monitoring system respectively with this power and this signal processing platform electric connection.
6. The active protection system of claim 1, wherein: the material of the partition is the same as that of the cladding structure.
7. The active protection system of claim 1, wherein: the defense system further comprises a plurality of steering devices electrically connected with the control system, and each steering device is used for steering one corresponding defense unit.
8. The active protection system of claim 7, wherein: the steering device is located below the defense unit.
9. The active protection system of claim 1, wherein: the protection device is characterized by further comprising insulation switches and telescopic air pumps, wherein the insulation switches are arranged on the partitions, the lower portions of the insulation switches are connected with the coating structures, communication ports are formed in the partitions, the telescopic air pumps are respectively connected with the control system and the power supply and are coated by the coating structures, each telescopic air pump corresponds to one defense unit and is located below the defense unit, and the telescopic air pumps and the defense units are separated by the coating structures.
10. The active protection system of claim 1, wherein: the cladding structure is a composite material comprising kevlar fibres, glass fibres and/or polyethylene fibres.
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN201811620870.3A CN109724471B (en) | 2018-12-28 | 2018-12-28 | Active protection system |
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| CN201811620870.3A CN109724471B (en) | 2018-12-28 | 2018-12-28 | Active protection system |
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| CN106969668B (en) * | 2017-05-15 | 2019-03-22 | 清华大学 | A kind of safeguard structure of flexible variable |
| CN208211518U (en) * | 2017-08-29 | 2018-12-11 | 河南瀚海教育信息技术有限公司 | A kind of electric-welding protective garment with heat-accumulation temperature-adjustment function |
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| CN209763883U (en) * | 2018-12-28 | 2019-12-10 | 浙江清华柔性电子技术研究院 | Active protection device |
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