JP2008123976A - Lightning conducting device, lightning preventive device, and lightning strike preventing system - Google Patents

Abstract

<P>PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a lightning conducting device 1 and a lightning strike preventive system 9 which prevent lightning strike on a building K, without having to install a high-profile lightning conductor. <P>SOLUTION: The lightning conducting device 1 is provided with an exterior wall 3a (or a positive charge wing 11a), which is charged to positive electricity, a corona discharge device 4a (or a drive unit 14) which charges the exterior wall 3a with positive electricity, an exterior wall 3b (or a negative-charge wing 11b) which is charged with negative electricity, and a corona discharge device 4b (or a drive unit 14) which charges the exterior wall 3b with negative electricity. <P>COPYRIGHT: (C)2008,JPO&INPIT

Description

  The present invention relates to a lightning striker and a lightning prevention system that guides the direction of lightning, for example, and protects buildings, wind power generators, or buildings such as ships from lightning.

Conventionally, it is known that lightning tends to fall on tall objects such as trees, steel towers, and buildings. As a method of preventing tall buildings from lightning strikes, a method of installing a lightning rod that is taller than a building to be protected from lightning strikes has been proposed. (See Patent Document 1).
According to this lightning rod, lightning can be dropped on the lightning rod, and the structure to be prevented from lightning can be protected from lightning.

  However, in order to prevent a lightning strike with a lightning rod, it is necessary to construct and install a lightning rod that is taller than the structure to be protected from lightning strikes. And if the building targeted for lightning protection is a wind power generator with a height of 100m, for example, if it is a very tall device, it will be very expensive to install a lightning rod with a taller height than this. There was a problem.

JP 2004-342518 A

  In view of the above-described problems, an object of the present invention is to provide a lightning arrester and a lightning prevention system that can prevent lightning strikes on a lightning prevention target without installing a tall lightning rod.

  The present invention can be a lightning striker including a charging body that is positively or negatively charged and a charging unit that charges the charging body positively or negatively.

In addition, the present invention comprises at least the charged body at the uppermost position for lightning prevention,
It is preferable that the potential for charging the charged body by the charging unit is set to a potential that cancels a potential difference corresponding to the distance between the uppermost position and the ground surface.

  The present invention includes a conductor connected to a ground and an insulator interposed between the conductor and the charged body, and the insulator is broken down when a lightning strikes the charged body. And a dielectric breakdown portion that allows lightning charges to pass from the charged body to the conductor.

  The insulator can be formed of, for example, a member such as silicon, synthetic resin, rubber, silicon, glass, or a liquid such as oil.

  The dielectric breakdown part is, for example, a thin part in which the thickness of the insulator is partially reduced.

  In the present invention, it is preferable to set the potential for charging the charged body by the charging means to a potential equal to or higher than the potential difference corresponding to the distance between the uppermost position of the lightning protection target and the ground surface.

  Moreover, this invention can also be equipped with the raising / lowering means which raises at least the said charging body with respect to the ground surface.

  The elevating means includes at least means for elevating and lowering the charged body by a table type, a lift type, a ladder type, or the like.

  The present invention can include at least moving means for moving the charged body. Furthermore, it is preferable that the moving means includes a ground connection means that includes the conductor and is connected to the ground so as to be separated from the ground.

  The present invention also provides a lightning arrester comprising a positively charged body that is positively charged, a negatively charged body that is negatively charged, and a charging means that charges the positively charged body positively and charges the negatively charged body negatively. It can be.

  The lightning strike prevention system of this invention is equipped with the lightning strike device mentioned above, and can also coat | cover the grounding part of a lightning strike prevention object with an insulating member.

  The present invention also provides a lightning protection device comprising a lightning protection device that dissipates a positive or negative charge, and a charge dissipation unit that supplies power to the charge dissipation member to dissipate a positive or negative charge. Can also be configured.

  The lightning protection device having this configuration may include a charged body that is positively or negatively charged, and a charging unit that charges the charged body to a charge opposite to the charge dissipated by the charge dissipator.

  The charging unit can be constituted by a boosting unit, or a corona discharge device and a driving unit.

  According to the present invention, it is possible to prevent a lightning strike to a lightning strike prevention target without installing a tall lightning rod.

  An embodiment of the present invention will be described below with reference to the drawings.

FIG. 1 is a configuration diagram showing a schematic configuration of the lightning arrester 1.
The lightning strike device 1 includes a positive charging unit 2a and a negative charging unit 2b.

  The positive charging unit 2a is provided with an outer wall 3a in the entire housing, and a corona discharge device 4a is provided therein.

  The corona discharge device 4a corona discharges toward the top plate of the outer wall 3a, and charges the top plate of the outer wall 3a positively. As a result, the outer wall 3a is positively charged, and in particular, the top plate portion is positively charged. The positive charging of the positive charging unit 2a is preferably charged to about + 200V, for example.

  The negative charging unit 2b is provided with an outer wall 3b in the entire housing, and a corona discharge device 4b is provided therein.

  The corona discharge device 4b performs corona discharge toward the top plate of the outer wall 3b and charges the top plate of the outer wall 3b negatively. As a result, the outer wall 3b is negatively charged, and in particular, the top plate portion is negatively charged. The negative charging of the negative charging unit 2b may be charged to about -200V, for example.

  These positive charging and negative charging may be executed when a lightning strike may occur due to a thundercloud or the like. Therefore, the lightning striker 1 is provided with an input unit such as a push button (not shown). When the input unit receives an execution start input, the positive charging unit 2a is positively charged and the negative charging unit 2b is negatively charged. What is necessary is just to set it as the structure performed.

FIG. 2 is a block diagram showing a schematic configuration of the lightning arrester 1.
The lightning striker 1 is provided with one power supply unit 6. The power supply unit 6 supplies power to both the corona discharge device 4a and the corona discharge device 4b. This simplifies the apparatus with one power source. That is, in addition to the need for only one power supply unit 6, both the corona discharge device 4 a and the corona discharge device 4 b are driven by one operation of starting power supply from the power supply unit 6, and each switch is turned on. Such troublesomeness can be eliminated.

  The corona discharge mechanism of the corona discharge device 4a and the corona discharge device 4b is provided with an electrode needle composed of a pointed needle on each of the corona discharge device 4a and the corona discharge device 4b. By applying a high voltage from, a well-known mechanism may be adopted in which ions are emitted to the surroundings and corona discharge is performed.

FIG. 3 is an explanatory diagram for explaining the configuration of the lightning strike prevention system 9 and the state of lightning strikes.
The lightning strike prevention system 9 is configured by installing the above described lightning strike device 1 and providing an insulating member 8 on the installation surface of the building K to be subjected to lightning strike prevention. The insulating member 8 is formed with a sufficient thickness to block lightning by a rubber material having sufficient strength. With this insulating member 8, the building K is electrically floated from the ground A, and the electronic devices and the like of the building K are protected from a surge voltage that hits the ground A during a lightning strike.

  When there is a risk of lightning due to thunderclouds, etc., the power supply unit 6 of the lightning striker 1 is turned on, and positive and negative discharges are made from the corona discharge devices 4a and 4b toward the outer walls 3a and 3b, respectively. Then, the outer wall 3a is positively charged (for example, + 200V), and the outer wall 3b is negatively charged (for example, -200V).

  Since the building K to be subjected to lightning strike is located at a position sufficiently higher than the ground A, when a thundercloud charged from several tens of thousands V to 100 million V is discharged to the ground A, it is normally closest to the thundercloud. Lightning strikes on building K.

Here, lightning includes positive and negative lightning, and the lightning T falling from the thundercloud above to the ground A is negative in most cases.
For this reason, it attracts to the outer wall 3a of the plus charging unit 2a that is positively charged, and the lightning T falls on the outer wall 3a.

  If the positive charge of the outer wall 3a is weak, there remains a risk of a lightning strike on the building K. However, for example, + 200V is charged sufficiently strongly, so the lightning T is guided to the outer wall 3a instead of the building K. It can be dropped on the outer wall 3a.

  If the lightning T is a positive lightning, lightning will strike the outer wall 3b of the negatively charged unit 2b, which is negatively charged. In this case as well, the building K can be protected from lightning.

In this way, it is possible to reliably protect the building K, which is a lightning protection target, from lightning, regardless of whether the lightning is positive or negative.
Since the lightning strike device 1 of the present embodiment is a single device that includes the positive charging unit 2a and the negative charging unit 2b as a set, the user has a positive or negative nature of the lightning that falls at the location where lightning is to be prevented. Even without knowing, it is possible to drop a lightning strike to the lightning striker 1 simply by installing and operating the lightning striker 1, and to protect the lightning protection target such as the building K from the lightning strike.

FIG. 4 is a configuration diagram illustrating a schematic configuration of the lightning arrester 10 of the second embodiment.
The lightning strike device 10 is provided with a positive charging blade 11a and a negative charging blade 11b that are rotated by a driving force of a driving unit 14 formed of a motor or the like.

  The drive unit 14 is provided with insulation shafts 13a and 13b that are rotated by the drive unit 14, and the shafts 12a and 12b are interposed between the insulation shafts 13a and 13b, the positive charging blade 11a, and the negative charging blade 11b, respectively. Is provided. Therefore, the rotational force by the drive unit 14 is transmitted to the positive charging blade 11a and the negative charging blade 11b through the insulating shafts 13a and 13b and the shafts 12a and 12b.

FIG. 5 is a cross-sectional view showing the configuration of the positive charging blade 11a and the negative charging blade 11b.
As shown in FIG. 5A, the positive charging blade 11a is provided with an insulating layer 22 made of rubber or the like on the entire outer periphery of a casing 21 made of a hard member such as metal. A positively charged layer 23a is provided as a whole. The positively charged layer 23a is made of a material such as nylon that is positively charged when exposed to wind. For this reason, while the positive charging blade 11a is rotating, the positive charging layer 23a is always positively charged. Further, since the insulating layer 22 is provided on the entire inner side of the positive charging layer 23a, it is possible to prevent the charged positive charge from being discharged through the lightning arrester 10, and to efficiently perform positive charging. Can do.

  As shown in FIG. 5B, the negative charging blade 11 b is provided with an insulating layer 22 made of rubber or the like on the entire outer periphery of a casing 21 made of a hard member such as metal, and the outer periphery of the insulating layer 22. A negatively charged layer 23b is provided as a whole. The negatively charged layer 23b is made of a material such as polyester or leather that is negatively charged when exposed to wind. For this reason, while the negative charging blade 11b rotates, the negative charging layer 23b is always negatively charged. Further, since the insulating layer 22 is provided throughout the negatively charged layer 23b, it is possible to prevent the charged negative charge from being discharged through the lightning arrester 10, and to efficiently perform negative charging. Can do.

With the above configuration, the positive charging blade 11a and the negative charging blade 11b can be charged positively and negatively by one drive unit 14, respectively.
Accordingly, negative lightning can be dropped on the positive charging wing 11a, and positive lightning can be dropped on the negative charging wing 11b.

In addition to the configuration described above, for example, an alternating lightning current may be rectified and divided into positive and negative, and a positive lightning device having a positively charged portion and a negatively charged portion may be configured using the positive and negative. Good.
Even in this case, the same effect as in the first and second embodiments can be obtained.

Moreover, although comprised with the plus and minus set, it is good also as any one structure.
For example, a positive charging unit 2a or positive charging blade 11a that is positively charged may be provided, and a negative charging unit 2b or negative charging blade 11b that may be negatively charged may not be provided. Also in this case, a negative lightning can be dropped on the positive charging unit 2a or the positive charging blade 11, and the lightning can be induced.

FIG. 6 is a configuration diagram illustrating a schematic configuration of the lightning arrester 20 of the third embodiment.
The lightning striker 20 according to the third embodiment includes a positive charging unit 22a on the top thereof.

Below the lightning arrester 20, a conductive plate-like conductor 25 such as a metal plate is provided. An insulator 26 is interposed between the conductor 25 and the positive charging unit 22a in the lightning striker 20.
As with the positive charging unit 2a of the lightning arrester 1 of the first embodiment, the positive charging unit 22a is provided with an outer wall 23a in the entire housing, and a corona discharge device 24a is provided therein. The lightning striker 20 can also be provided with a negative charging unit used at the time of positive lightning on its upper part.

  The conductor 25 is installed on the ground A and connected to a ground G (earth) disposed in the ground.

  Furthermore, a concave storage portion 26c is provided on the upper surface of the insulator 26 to store the substantially lower half of the positive charging unit 22a.

  Further, the bottom surface of the insulator 26 has a flat shape that can be grounded on the top surface of the conductor 25, but is provided with a concave portion 26a having a circular shape in a bottom view that is recessed upward from the center of the bottom surface. For this reason, the insulator 26 is thin at the recess 26 a, and a space B is formed between the recess 26 a and the conductor 25.

  It should be noted that the lightning striker 20 may have a needle 28 standing from the upper surface of the positive charging unit 22a as shown by the phantom line in FIG. 6 so that the lightning T is guided to the positive charging unit 22a. Good.

Below, the effect | action and effect which the lightning striker 20 mentioned above show | play are demonstrated using FIGS. 7-9.
7 to 9 are explanatory views of the operation of the lightning arrester 20 schematically showing the lightning arrester 20 of the third embodiment. In particular, FIG. 8 shows a region X in FIG. 7 (b). It is explanatory drawing which expanded and showed the site | part corresponded to.

  First, as shown in the schematic diagram of FIG. 7A, the concave portion 26a turns on the power supply unit 6 described in the first embodiment of the lightning arrester 20 when a lightning strike is likely to occur, and the positive charging unit. The outer wall 23a of 22a is charged positively (for example, + 200V or + 1000V) by the discharge of the corona discharge device 24a.

  By charging the outer wall 23a positively in this way, as shown in the schematic diagram of FIG. 7B, negative lightning is guided to the outer wall 23a, not the building, and dropped.

  When lightning strikes, the outer wall 23a of the positive charging unit 22a is negatively charged, and the potential difference between the outer wall 23a and the ground A becomes very large (tens of thousands of volts to 100 million volts). For this reason, as shown in the schematic diagram of FIG. 8C, the thin portion 26b of the insulator 26 is jumped and discharged to the conductor 25, and the dielectric breakdown occurs as shown in FIG. 8B.

  Thereafter, lightning charges on the outer wall 23a are discharged directly from the outer wall 23a toward the conductor 25 between the positive charging unit 22a and the conductor 25.

  As described above, lightning charges flow into the conductor 25 as shown in the schematic diagram of FIG. 9E, but the conductor 25 is connected to the ground G provided in the ground. As shown in the schematic diagram of FIG. 9 (f), lightning charges can flow to the ground G side embedded in the ground A having insulation properties.

  In the lightning arrester 20 of the third embodiment, since the insulator 26 is interposed between the positive charging unit 22a and the conductor 25, positive charges charged in the positive charging unit 22a flow to the conductor 25 and the like. And can be efficiently collected. When a lightning strike occurs, lightning charges can flow into the ground G due to dielectric breakdown of the insulator 26.

  In addition, by storing the positive charging unit 22a with the insulator 26, when the outer wall 23a is positively charged by the corona discharge device 24a, the electric charge does not inadvertently flow into the ground, and is charged. There is no wasted power consumption.

  Note that the portion where the insulator 26 breaks down and lightning charges flow is not limited to the thin portion 26b. For example, a recess 26b may be formed on the bottom side of the storage portion 26c of the insulator 26, or a communication hole may be formed in the central portion of the insulator 26 so as to discharge directly from the outer wall 23a to the conductor 25. Good.

As shown in FIG. 10, the lightning striker 30 according to the fourth embodiment includes the positive charging unit 22 a, the conductor 25, and the insulator 26 (hereinafter referred to as “lightning striker main body 20 a”) on the ground A. An elevating device 32 is provided for ascending.
FIG. 10 is a configuration diagram illustrating a schematic configuration of the lightning arrester 30 according to the fourth embodiment.
Specifically, the elevating device 32 supports the lightning striker main body 20a from below, protrudes upward with respect to the ground A, or retracts downward, and the rod 33 uses hydraulic pressure. A movable device 34 is provided.

  The movable device 34 is buried in the ground, and is mainly connected between the pipe 35, the oil tank 36, and the pipe 35 and the oil tank 36 that are buried in a standing state below the lightning arrester main body 20a. Two thin tubes 37a and 37b are provided. The two narrow tubes 37a and 37b are respectively connected on the upper and lower sides of the tube 35, and a pump 39a, a direction control valve 39b, and a flow rate control valve 39c are appropriately provided in the middle.

  In addition, a piston 40 is provided inside the tube 35, and the piston 40 slides in the tube 35 while being connected to one end of the rod 33 in the axial direction.

  With the above-described configuration, the lightning device main body 20a can be raised with respect to the ground A by moving the rod 33 upward. Further, the lightning device main body 20a can be lowered with respect to the ground A by moving the rod 33 downward.

For example, as shown in FIG. 11, the lightning striker 30 having the above-described configuration may be provided in a place slightly away from a town where thunderclouds are likely to occur.
In particular, when the lightning striker 30 is installed on the windward side of the city, it can be discharged before the thundercloud reaches the city, and lightning strikes on the city can be prevented.
In addition, FIG. 11 is explanatory drawing of an effect | action of the lightning arrester 30 of Example 4. FIG.

  The lightning striker 30 is provided in such a place, and when the cloud gradually charges and approaches the town while developing into a thundercloud, the lightning striker main body 20a is raised by the lifting device 32. As a result, even if the thundercloud is not yet fully developed, the potential difference corresponding to the distance between the thundercloud and the lightning trigger main body 20a can be increased, and the positive charging unit 22a can be lightened.

As a result, the potential of thunderclouds can be lowered before reaching the city, so that even if it reaches the city, no lightning strikes.
Of course, the lightning striker 30 of the fourth embodiment may be provided in the city. In this case, when a thundercloud is generated, the lightning strike device is configured such that the potential difference charged to the positive charging unit 22a is equal to or higher than the potential difference corresponding to the distance between the top position of the building and the ground surface. The main body 20a may be raised by the lifting device 32.
As a result, it is possible to induce lightning to the positive charging unit 22a.

FIG. 12 is a configuration diagram illustrating a schematic configuration of the lightning arrester 40 according to the fifth embodiment.
The lightning striker 40 according to the fifth embodiment includes a positive charging unit 42a, the insulator 26, and the conductor 25.

  A positive charging blade 41a is provided on the upper surface of the positive charging unit 42a so as to rotate horizontally.

  Similarly to the positive charging blade 11a of the second embodiment, the positive charging blade 41a is provided with a positive charging layer 53a on the surface thereof, and the positive charging layer 53a is made of a member such as nylon that is positively charged when exposed to wind. Has been.

  Further, inside the positive charging unit 42a, there is provided a drive unit 44 for rotating the positive charging blade 41a with a driving force instead of the corona discharge device 4a.

  With the above-described configuration, the lightning striker 40 of the fifth embodiment can positively charge the positive charging blade 41a in the same manner as the lightning striker 10 of the second embodiment, and thus can drop a negative lightning.

  In addition, the lightning striker 40 provided with the plus charging blade 41a described above can also include the lifting device 32 of the fourth embodiment.

  The lightning arresters 30 and 40 according to the fourth and fifth embodiments are not limited to the positively charged configuration as in the above-described configuration, and may be configured to be negatively charged or to be charged with a positive and negative set.

  In addition, the lightning arrester is not limited to the configuration of the above-described embodiment, and can be configured as in the sixth embodiment. For example, as shown in the configuration diagram of FIG. 13, for example, the lightning arrester 1 </ b> A having a configuration in which the positive charging unit 2 a that is positively charged is not provided but the negative charging unit 2 b that is negatively charged is provided. It can also be installed to avoid lightning. In this case, for example, the negative charging unit 2b is provided at the highest position of lightning prevention target such as a ship or a building, and it is possible to make it difficult for lightning to fall.

  At this time, the negative potential charged in the negative charging unit 2b is preferably set to a potential that cancels the potential difference corresponding to the distance between the uppermost position and the ground surface.

  This avoids negative lightning falling from above. That is, since the potential of the negatively charged negative charging unit 2b or the negatively charged wing 11b is lower than the potential of the ground with a low height as viewed from the thundercloud charged negatively, the negatively charged unit 2b or the negatively charged wing A lightning strike will occur on the ground, etc. without a lightning strike on 11b. Therefore, it is possible to prevent a lightning strike on the lightning strike object itself.

  In addition, the lightning striker 20, 30, 40 according to the above-described embodiment can be reused by replacing the insulator 26 that has undergone dielectric breakdown by a lightning strike with a new insulator 26 that has not undergone dielectric breakdown.

FIG. 14 is a configuration diagram illustrating a schematic configuration of the lightning arrester 100 according to the sixth embodiment.
The lightning strike device 100 according to the seventh embodiment includes a lightning radar 102, a DC power supply 103 with a storage function, a ground current control device 104, a booster 105, a potential phase switch 106, a lightning striker 107, and a lightning protection electrode 108. It has been.

  A pair of cables 111a and 111b are connected between the DC power supply 103 with a storage function and the ground current control device 104, between the ground current control device 104 and the booster 105, and between the booster 105 and the potential phase switch 106, respectively. Connected by.

  The positive voltage (positive voltage P) is supplied to the one cable 111a between the DC power supply 103 with a storage function and the potential phase switch 106, and the negative voltage (positive voltage P) is supplied to the other cable 111b. Minus voltage M).

Further, the one cable 111 a is connected between the potential phase switch 106 and the lightning arrester 107.
On the other hand, the other cable 111 b is connected between the potential phase switch 106 and the lightning protection electrode 108.

  The lightning radar 102 detects that a thundercloud has arrived, and also detects whether the electric field intensity and the lower part of the thundercloud are charged with positive or negative charges. The lightning radar 102 is preferably installed on the windward side of the street.

  Further, in the seventh embodiment, the lightning radar 102 employs a mechanism that detects lightning based on a change in the potential difference in the air. However, the present invention is not limited to this configuration, and is a device that can detect lightning. Any other means may be used.

  The DC power supply 103 with a storage function appropriately functions as a power supply for supplying power to the lightning radar 102, the ground current control device 104, the booster 105, the potential phase switch 106, the lightning arrester 107, and the lightning arrester electrode 108. . In addition, it has a power storage function for storing power necessary for discharging high voltage.

  In the ground current control device 104, the positive side and the negative side are respectively connected to the ground (GND), and current transformers 112a and 112b are provided on the connection lines, respectively. Accordingly, the ground current control device 104 measures the charge on the ground.

  The booster 105 is configured to boost the positive voltage P and the negative voltage M supplied from the ground current control device 104 side so that the absolute value of each voltage becomes a high potential.

  The potential phase switch 106 supplies a positive voltage P or a negative voltage M to each of the lightning arrester 107 and the lightning arrester electrode 108, and at that time, supplies the positive voltage P or negative voltage M according to the electric charge charged in the thundercloud. The positive and negative combinations (phases) of the voltages can be appropriately reversed and supplied.

  For example, when a positive voltage P is supplied to the lightning arrester 107 side, a negative voltage M is supplied to the lightning arrester 108, or when a negative voltage M is supplied to the lightning arrester 107 side, the lightning protection electrode 108 is supplied. Is switched to supply the positive voltage P.

  The electric charge charged in the thundercloud means the electric charge charged in the lower part of the thundercloud (the same applies hereinafter).

  The lightning arrester 107 is preferably installed in a place that is safe even if lightning strikes. On the other hand, it is preferable that the lightning protection electrode 108 is appropriately installed on the top of a building where lightning is to be prevented.

  Furthermore, the lightning arrester 107 and the lightning protection electrode 108 are connected to one end of a lightning protection device 109 such as a well-known SPD for releasing the direct lightning strike to GND when receiving a direct lightning strike. The other end of the lightning protection device 109 is connected to GND, thereby protecting the potential phase switch 106 and the like from direct lightning strikes.

  Hereinafter, for example, an operation performed by the lightning strike device 100 having the above-described configuration when a negatively charged lightning arrives in the town will be described.

  A plus voltage P or a minus voltage M is supplied from the ground current control device 104 to each of the two cables 111a and 111b based on a detection signal from the lightning radar 102. These voltage values are boosted by the booster 105.

  Further, the potential phase switch 106 supplies the supplied positive voltage P and negative voltage M to the lightning arrester 107 side and the lightning protection electrode 108 side with the electric charges as they are. That is, a positive voltage P opposite to the negative charge charged in the thundercloud is supplied to the lightning arrester 107 side. On the other hand, the same negative voltage M as the electric charge that the thundercloud is charged is supplied to the lightning protection electrode 108 side.

In this way, by charging the lightning striker 107 to a potential opposite to the charge charged by the thundercloud, it is possible to reliably drop lightning on the lightning striker 107, and the lightning strike charged negatively by the lightning strike. The charge of the vessel 107 can flow into ground.
On the other hand, the lightning protection electrode 108 is charged to the same negative value as the lower part of the thundercloud, so that negative charges repel each other and lightning can be reliably prevented.

  Next, an operation performed by the lightning strike device 100 having the above-described configuration when a positively charged lightning arrives in the town will be described.

  Similarly to the case where a negatively charged lightning arrives, the positive voltage (P) and the negative voltage (P) boosted based on the detection signal of the lightning radar 102 via the ground current control device 104 and the booster 105. M) is supplied to the potential phase switch 106.

  When the thundercloud is positively charged, the potential phase switch 106 induces the positive voltage (P) and the negative voltage (M) supplied from the two cables 111a and 111b after reversing positive and negative, respectively. The light is supplied to the lightning device 107 and the lightning protection electrode 108.

  As a result, the lightning arrester 107 can be charged negatively by supplying a negative voltage (M) opposite to the electric charge of the thundercloud, and lightning can be surely dropped on the lightning arrester 107. it can.

  On the other hand, the lightning protection electrode 108 supplies the same positive voltage (P) as the lower part of the thundercloud and charges it positively, so that positive charges repel each other and lightning can be reliably prevented.

Hereinafter, the schematic configuration of the lightning arrester 110 of the eighth embodiment will be described with reference to FIG.
However, components similar to those of the lightning strike device 100 described above in the following embodiments are denoted by the same reference numerals and description thereof is omitted.

  The lightning protection device 110 according to the eighth embodiment is not provided with the lightning protection electrode 108 but only the lightning arrester 107, and there are two between the lightning arrester 107 and the potential phase switch 106. Cables 111a and 111b are arranged.

  An operation performed by the lightning strike device 110 having the above-described configuration when a negatively charged lightning arrives in the town will be described.

  As in the case of the seventh embodiment described above, a predetermined voltage boosted based on the detection signal of the lightning radar 102 is supplied to the potential phase switch 106 via the ground current control device 104 and the booster 105. .

  Furthermore, the potential phase switch 106 does not supply the minus voltage M to the lightning arrester 107 side, and supplies only the plus voltage P to the lightning arrester 107 side with the charge supplied from the booster 105. That is, a positive voltage (P) opposite to the negative charge that the thundercloud is charged is supplied to the lightning arrester 107 side, and the lightning arrester 107 is positively charged.

  On the other hand, when the thundercloud is positively charged, the potential phase switch 106 is supplied with only the negative voltage (M) from the booster 105 without supplying the positive voltage P to the lightning arrester 107 side. The charged charge is supplied to the lightning arrester 107 side. That is, to the lightning arrester 107 side, a negative voltage (M) opposite to the electric charge charged in the lower part of the thundercloud is supplied and charged negatively.

  From the above, even if the thundercloud is charged with a positive or negative charge, the induction lightning device 107 is charged with a potential opposite to that charged with the thundercloud, thereby Lightning can be reliably dropped on the lightning device 107.

Hereinafter, the schematic configuration of the lightning protection device 120 according to the ninth embodiment will be described with reference to FIG.
In the lightning protection device 120 of the ninth embodiment, the lightning arrester 107 is not provided, but a charge dissipator 121 (ionizer) is provided instead. The lightning protection device 120 according to the ninth embodiment includes the lightning protection electrode 108 similarly to the lightning protection device 120 according to the seventh embodiment.

  The charge dissipator 121 is a device that dissipates charges (ions) generated based on the voltage supplied from the potential phase switch 106 in the air.

  An operation performed by the lightning protection device 120 configured as described above when a negatively charged lightning arrives in the town will be described.

  As in the case of the above-described embodiment, a predetermined voltage boosted based on the detection signal of the lightning radar 102 is supplied to the potential phase switch 106 through the ground current control device 104 and the booster 105.

  Further, the potential phase switch 106 supplies the supplied plus voltage P and minus voltage M to the charge dissipator 121 side and the lightning protection electrode 108 side, respectively, with the positive and negative charges as they are. That is, a positive voltage (P) opposite to the negative charge charged in the thundercloud is supplied to the charge dissipator 121 side. On the other hand, the same negative voltage (M) as the electric charge charged in the lower part of the thundercloud is supplied to the lightning protection electrode 108 side.

As a result, a large amount of positive charges (plus ions) are continuously dissipated from the charge dissipator 121 into the air. Above the charge dissipator 121, as shown in FIG. Z is constructed. With this protective shield Z, the electric charge charged in the lightning can be discharged before the lightning strikes on the ground, and the electric field rise between the ground and the thundercloud is mitigated.
FIG. 17 is an operation explanatory view schematically showing a state in which a large number of positive charges (plus ions) are dissipated from the charge dissipator 121 below the thundercloud charged negatively.

  On the other hand, although not shown, the lightning protection electrode 108 is charged to the same negative charge as that of the thundercloud, so that the negative charges repel each other and lightning can be reliably prevented.

  Next, an operation performed by the lightning protection device 120 having the above-described configuration when a positively charged lightning arrives in the town will be described.

  Similar to the case where a negatively charged lightning arrives, the predetermined voltage boosted based on the detection signal of the lightning radar 102 passes through the ground current control device 104 and the booster 105 and the potential phase switch 106. To be supplied.

  When the thundercloud is positively charged, the potential phase switch 106 inverts the positive voltage (P) and the negative voltage (M) supplied from the two cables 111a and 111b, respectively, to thereby reverse the charge dissipator 121. , And supplied to the lightning protection electrode 108.

  As a result, a negative voltage (M) is supplied to the charge dissipator 121 side, and a large amount of negative charge opposite to that charged in the thundercloud can be dissipated in a large amount from the charge dissipator 12. Can prevent lightning strikes.

  On the other hand, a positive voltage (P) is supplied to the lightning protection electrode 108 and is charged to the same positive as the lower part of the thundercloud, so that positive charges repel each other and lightning can be reliably prevented.

  In addition, for example, when a well-known tip discharge phenomenon that generates a charge (ion) opposite to that of a thundercloud is installed on the ground with a pointed metal etc., the charge may be reduced due to weather conditions such as strong winds. There was a problem that a shift occurred, and as a result, malfunction was likely to occur. On the other hand, in the ninth embodiment, since a voltage is artificially generated by supplying a voltage to the charge dissipator 121 side, a large amount of charge corresponding to the electric field strength of lightning is dissipated and reliably. It has an advantage that lightning can be prevented.

Hereinafter, a schematic configuration of the lightning protection device 130 according to the tenth embodiment will be described with reference to FIG.
The lightning protection device 130 of the tenth embodiment is not provided with the lightning protection electrode 108, and two cables 111a and 111b are arranged between the potential phase switch 106 and the charge dissipation device 121. .

  An operation performed by the lightning protection device 130 configured as described above when a negatively charged lightning arrives in the town will be described.

  As in the case of the above-described embodiment, a predetermined voltage boosted based on the detection signal of the lightning radar 102 is supplied to the potential phase switch 106 through the ground current control device 104 and the booster 105.

  Further, the potential phase switch 106 supplies only the positive voltage P, which is the charge supplied from the booster 105, to the charge dissipator 121 side.

  On the other hand, when the thundercloud is positively charged, the potential phase switch 106 supplies only the negative voltage (M) with the charge supplied from the booster 105 to the charge dissipator 121 side.

  From the above, even if the thundercloud is charged with a positive or negative charge, the charge dissipator 121 dissipates a large amount of charge opposite to the charge that the thundercloud is charged. It is possible to alleviate the rise of the electric field between the lightning cloud and the thundercloud and to discharge the lightning before it strikes the ground, thereby preventing lightning.

  Further, the lightning arresters 100 and 110 according to the seventh and eighth embodiments and the lightning protection devices 120 and 130 according to the ninth and tenth embodiments detect lightning by other means without installing the lightning radar 102 described above. You may provide the structure to do. For example, by flowing direct current electricity from the earth current control device 104 to the ground, it is possible to measure the arrival of lightning and the amount of electric charge generated by thunderclouds.

  However, it is preferable to provide the lightning radar 102 as in the above-described embodiment because thunderclouds can be detected accurately.

  Specifically, by using the lightning radar 102, for example, a wide range having a radius of 40 km or more can be detected. Thereby, it is possible to secure a sufficient storage time for storing the power required for boosting by the booster 105 by the DC power supply 103 with a storage function.

  Furthermore, when detecting the presence of a thundercloud based on the charge on the ground, there is a drawback that the charge of the thundercloud and the charge on the ground may be shifted due to the gravity of the charge itself due to weather such as strong winds. On the other hand, when the lightning radar 102 is provided, the charge in the air can be detected by the lightning radar 102, so that it is possible to accurately confirm the arrival of lightning.

  Furthermore, the lightning arresters 100 and 110 according to the seventh and eighth embodiments and the lightning protection devices 120 and 130 according to the ninth and tenth embodiments are configured by combining two power sources, and the lightning arrester 107 and the lightning arrester. The positive / negative voltage balance with the electrode 108 may be configured to be changeable. This allows finer control.

Hereinafter, a schematic configuration of the lightning arrester 50 of the eleventh embodiment will be described with reference to FIG.
The lightning striker 50 according to the eleventh embodiment includes a traveling vehicle 54 with a lifting arm that includes a traveling vehicle 52 that includes a lifting arm 53 that can be expanded and contracted in the vertical direction and has the same configuration as a general crane vehicle. A lightning device main body 51 is provided at the tip of the lifting arm 53. The lightning striker main body 51 has the same configuration as that of the lightning striker main body 31 of the fourth embodiment, that is, includes the positive charging unit 22a, the conductor 25, and the insulator 26.

  Further, the traveling vehicle 54 with the lifting arm is provided with an installation column 55 that protrudes downward and is installed on the ground A when the lifting arm 53 is raised. The installation column 55 can stably support the traveling vehicle 54 with a lifting arm.

  During the movement, the installation column 55 is retracted to the traveling vehicle 54 with the lifting arm, and is thus configured to be extendable in the vertical direction. Furthermore, since the installation column 55 itself includes a member having conductivity, when installed on the ground, the conductor 25 of the lightning arrester main body 51 and the ground A acting as the ground are electrically connected. Functions as a connected connection means.

  With the above configuration, for example, when a thundercloud (not shown) appropriately detects that a thundercloud has arrived toward the city, the elevating arm is provided to a place outside the city where a thundercloud is expected to pass when it arrives. The traveling vehicle 54 is moved, and the traveling vehicle 54 with the lifting arm is put on standby in preparation for the arrival of thunderclouds (see the phantom line in FIG. 19).

  Further, the lightning device main body 51 is raised by moving the installation column 55 linearly downward and installing it on the ground, and by appropriately rotating or extending the lifting arm 53.

  The lightning strike device 50 according to the eleventh embodiment can make lightning strike in the process of thunderclouds passing through the lightning strike device 50. The action of prompting the lightning strike from the thundercloud by the lightning striker main body 51 is the same as in the above-described embodiment and will not be described in detail. However, the electric charge charged in the conductor 25 by the lightning strike acts as the ground through the installation column 55. It can be poured into the ground outside the city.

  As described above, the lightning striker 50 according to the eleventh embodiment is not fully developed yet before the thundercloud reaches the city by raising the lightning striker main body 51 by the lifting arm 53. Lightning can be surely made.

Furthermore, the lightning striker 50 according to the eleventh embodiment can be moved not only to a certain place as in the case where the lightning striker main body 51 is installed on the ground but also to an arbitrary place by the traveling vehicle 54 with a lifting arm. .
For this reason, regardless of which travel path the thundercloud travels into the city, it can be surely lightened by waiting as described above at any location until it reaches the city. .

  Furthermore, the lightning strike device 50 of the eleventh embodiment does not get in the way because it is only necessary to wait at a predetermined waiting place in the weather when there is no possibility of a thundercloud coming.

  As described above, the lightning strike device 50 according to the eleventh embodiment does not interfere with the thundercloud, so that the lightning device 50 is not limited to being used outside the city as described above, but is used in the city. You can also.

  Further, the guidance device 50 according to the eleventh embodiment is not limited to the same configuration as the guidance device main body 31 according to the fourth embodiment, like the guidance device main body 51 according to the eleventh embodiment. The structure which equipped the thing similar to the guidance apparatus 20 of Example 3 and the guidance apparatus 40 of Example 5 in the front end side of the raising / lowering arm 53 may be sufficient.

  Furthermore, the lightning arrester 50 of the eleventh embodiment may be configured such that a lightning radar is mounted on the traveling vehicle 54 with a lifting arm.

In correspondence between the configuration of the present invention and the above-described embodiment,
The lightning strike device of this invention corresponds to the lightning strike device 1, 1A, 10, 20, 30, 40, 50, 100, 110 of the embodiment,
Similarly,
The lightning protection device corresponds to the lightning protection devices 120 and 130 of the embodiment,
The positively charged body corresponds to the outer walls 3a, 23a, 43a and the positively charged blades 11a, 41a,
The negatively charged body corresponds to the outer wall 3b and the negatively charged wing 11b,
The charged body corresponds to the outer walls 3a, 23a, 43a, 3b, the positive charging blades 11a, 41a and the negative charging blade 11b, the lightning arrester 107, or the retracting electrode 108.
The charging means corresponds to the corona discharge devices 4a, 4b, 24a and the drive units 14, 43, or the booster 105,
The insulating member corresponds to the insulating member 8,
The lightning strike prevention system corresponds to the lightning strike prevention system 9,
The ground surface corresponds to the ground A,
The lightning protection target corresponds to the building K. The charge dissipating means corresponds to the charge dissipator 121.
The boosting means corresponds to the booster 105,
The moving means corresponds to the traveling vehicle 52,
The lifting means corresponds to the lifting device 32 and the lifting arm 53,
The ground connection means corresponds to the installation column 55,
The present invention is not limited only to the configuration of the above-described embodiment, and many embodiments can be obtained.

The block diagram which shows schematic structure of a lightning arrester. The block diagram which shows schematic structure of a lightning arrester. Explanatory drawing explaining the structure of a lightning strike prevention system, and the state of a lightning strike. The block diagram which shows schematic structure of the lightning arrester of Example 2. FIG. Sectional drawing which shows the structure of the plus charge blade of Example 2, and a minus charge blade. The block diagram which shows schematic structure of the lightning arrester of Example 3. FIG. Explanatory drawing of the effect | action which showed typically the lightning arrester of Example 3. FIG. Explanatory drawing of the effect | action shown typically of the lightning arrester of Example 3. FIG. Explanatory drawing of the effect | action shown typically of the lightning arrester of Example 3. FIG. The block diagram which shows schematic structure of the lightning arrester of Example 4. FIG. Explanatory drawing of an effect | action of the lightning arrester of Example 4. FIG. The block diagram which shows schematic structure of the lightning arrester of Example 5. FIG. The block diagram which shows schematic structure of the lightning arrester of Example 6. FIG. The block diagram which shows schematic structure of the lightning arrester of Example 7. FIG. The block diagram which shows schematic structure of the lightning arrester of Example 8. FIG. The block diagram which shows schematic structure of the lightning protection apparatus of Example 9. FIG. Explanatory drawing of an effect | action of the lightning protection apparatus of Example 9. FIG. The block diagram which shows schematic structure of the lightning protection apparatus of Example 10. FIG. The block diagram which shows schematic structure of the lightning arrester of Example 11. FIG.

Explanation of symbols

1, 1A, 10, 20, 30, 40, 50, 100, 110, ... lightning protection device, 120, 130 ... lightning protection device, 3a, 23a, 43a, 3b ... outer wall, 11a, 41a ... positive charging blade, 11b ... negative charging blade, 4a, 4b, 24a ... corona discharge device, 8 ... insulating member, 9 ... lightning protection system, 14, 43 ... drive unit, 25 ... conductor, 26 ... insulator, 32 ... lifting device, 107 ... Lightning arrester, 108 ... Lightning protection electrode, 105 ... Booster, 121 ... Charge dissipator 121, Traveling car ... 52, Lifting arm ... 53, Column for installation ... 55, A ... Ground, K ... Building, G ... ground

Claims (13)

A charged body charged positively or negatively;
A lightning striker provided with charging means for charging the charged body positively or negatively. At least the charged body is provided at the uppermost position for lightning prevention,
The lightning strike device according to claim 1, wherein a potential for charging the charged body by the charging means is set to a potential that cancels a potential difference corresponding to a distance between the uppermost position and the ground surface. A conductor connected to ground;
An insulator interposed between the conductor and the charged body;
3. The lightning strike device according to claim 1, wherein the insulator includes a dielectric breakdown portion that is dielectrically broken when a lightning strike is applied to the charged body and allows lightning charges to pass from the charged body to the conductor. The lightning arrester according to claim 3, wherein the dielectric breakdown part is a thin part in which the thickness of the insulator is partially reduced. The lightning strike device according to any one of claims 1 to 4, further comprising moving means for moving at least the charged body. A moving means for moving at least the charged body;
The conductor is provided in the moving means,
The lightning strike device according to claim 3 or 4, further comprising ground connection means for connecting the conductor to the ground in a separable manner. The electric potential for charging the charged body by the charging means is set to one equal to or higher than the electric potential difference corresponding to the distance between the uppermost position of the lightning strike prevention target and the ground surface. The described lightning striker. The lightning arrester according to claim 1 or 7, further comprising lifting means for raising at least the charged body relative to the ground surface. A positively charged body that is positively charged;
A negatively charged body that is negatively charged;
A lightning striker comprising charging means for positively charging the positively charged body and negatively charging the negatively charged body. A lightning strike device according to any one of claims 1 to 9,
A lightning protection system in which the grounding part to be protected from lightning is covered with an insulating material. A charge dissipator that dissipates positive or negative charges;
A lightning protection device comprising charge dissipation means for supplying power to the charge dissipation body to dissipate positive or negative charges. A charged body charged positively or negatively;
The lightning protection device according to claim 11, further comprising charging means for charging the charged body to a charge opposite to the charge dissipated by the charge dissipating body. The lightning protection device according to any one of claims 1 to 9, or the lightning protection device according to claim 12, wherein the charging means is a boosting means.

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