CN209641746U - A kind of fuel cell pack water management control system - Google Patents
A kind of fuel cell pack water management control system Download PDFInfo
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- CN209641746U CN209641746U CN201920667596.9U CN201920667596U CN209641746U CN 209641746 U CN209641746 U CN 209641746U CN 201920667596 U CN201920667596 U CN 201920667596U CN 209641746 U CN209641746 U CN 209641746U
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
- Y02E60/30—Hydrogen technology
- Y02E60/50—Fuel cells
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Abstract
A kind of fuel cell pack water management control system disclosed by the utility model, including cathode terminal, anode tap, two sides gas flow path, fuel gas, oxidant gas, the anode tap is combined equipped with solenoid valve, make the fuel gas in such a way that upper end air inlet lower end outlet and lower end air inlet upper end outlet are alternate by anode tap gas flow path by controlling the solenoid valve combination, to the uniform moisture distribution inside fuel cell pack, the beneficial effects of the utility model are that system power dissipation is small；It is at low cost, it is only necessary to replace solenoid valve；Control strategy is simple；Volume is reduced, space is saved, improves fuel cell stack system power density；Water bidirectional circulating in pile internal anode runner, so that water distribution is more uniform, solves the problem of fuel cell is easy desiccation, is easy water logging close to exit portion electrode close to intake section electrode, this programme is applicable not only to cathode open type pile, is equally applicable to the closed pile of cathode.
Description
Technical field
The utility model relates to field of fuel cell technology, and in particular to a kind of fuel cell pack water management control system.
Background technique
Fuel cell pack is a kind of power generator for directly converting the chemical energy of fuel to electric energy, has power density
Height, pollution-free, low noise advantages have broad application prospects.Fuel cell can be divided into Proton Exchange Membrane Fuel Cells,
Direct methanol fuel cell, alkaline fuel cell, solid oxide fuel cell, fuse salt fuel cell, Microbial fuel electricity
Pond etc..
When fuel cell stack operation, inside electrochemical reaction has occurred.It is with Proton Exchange Membrane Fuel Cells PEMFC
Example.With hydrogen as fuel, the electrode reaction of PEMFC is as follows:
Anode: H2→2H++2e-
Cathode: O2+2H++2e-→H2O
From electrode reaction as can be seen that being passed through anode flow channel in PEMFC Anodic reaction gas hydrogen.Reaction gas is passed through
After battery, it is dissociated into proton and electronics under the effect of the catalyst, proton reaches the cathode of battery, electronics by proton exchange membrane
It then collects by collector plate, does work to external circuit；Oxygen reaches cathode catalysis side surface by gas diffusion layers, in catalyst
Under effect, oxygen and proton, external circuit electronics by proton exchange membrane release big calorimetric in conjunction with water is generated.
In the process in order to keep the performance, reliability and service life of battery pile, especially membrane electrode is needed inside pile
There is certain water content, to guarantee the good proton-conducting of film, otherwise film is easily dehydrated, and shrinkage is serious, influences proton conduction；
Water can not be too many simultaneously, and the water content of film is excessive, and water will flood electrode, causes electrode water logging.Meanwhile operation of fuel cells
When its internal environment water distribution inhomogeneities result in fuel cell close to intake section electrode be easy desiccation, cause
Local internal resistance increases, and is easy water logging close to exit portion electrode so that the performance of fuel cell pile, reliability, service life all by
To influence.
In order to solve problems, in system structure by the way of increasing hydrogen gas circulating pump, have volume weight it is big,
Big, the at high cost disadvantage of power consumption, and can only one-way circulation, fundamentally solve fuel cell pile internal water distribution not
Equal problem has larger impact to stability and reliability, in the prior art, one kind described in patent 201720491876.X
This scheme Anodic air inlet of the water management control system of self-humidifying fuel cell heap and exhaust outlet respectively increase by one, and there is no yin
Pole air inlet and exhaust outlet can only be suitable for cathode open type pile in this way, not be suitable for the closed pile of cathode.
Summary of the invention
To solve the above problems, the utility model provides a kind of fuel cell pack water management control system, hydrogen it is enterprising
It is lower mutually to be converted with the mode of bottom in and top out out, so that the water distribution in anode of fuel cell runner tends to balance, to increase
The reliability of refuelling battery and service life, this programme are applicable not only to cathode open type pile, it is closed to be equally applicable to cathode
Pile.
The technical solution that the utility model solves is to provide a kind of fuel cell pack water management control system, including cathode
End, anode tap, two sides gas flow path, fuel gas, oxidant gas, which is characterized in that the anode tap is equipped with solenoid valve block
It closes, anode tap top is equipped with the first blow vent, anode tap lower part is equipped with the second blow vent, is made by controlling the solenoid valve combination
Fuel gas is from the first blow vent air inlet from the second blow vent outlet, or keeps fuel gas logical from the second blow vent air inlet from first
Port outlet, the cathode terminal are equipped with only for the gas outlet of oxidant gas and air inlet.
Preferably, the solenoid valve combination includes the combination of the first solenoid valve, second solenoid valve combination, the combination of third solenoid valve
One of.
Preferably, the first solenoid valve combination is unidirectionally electric including the first Unidirectional solenoid valve, the second Unidirectional solenoid valve, third
Magnet valve 313, the 4th Unidirectional solenoid valve, the first three-way magnetic valve, the second three-way magnetic valve, first Unidirectional solenoid valve are the
One intake valve port, the second Unidirectional solenoid valve are the second intake valve port, and third electromagnetic valve of the individual event is purging valve port, the 4th intake valve port
For exhaust valve port, the first Unidirectional solenoid valve and the second Unidirectional solenoid valve are connected with fuel air feed equipment, the first three-way magnetic valve one
End is parallel to anode upper end with second three-way magnetic valve one end, and first three-way magnetic valve one end is another with the second three-way magnetic valve
End is parallel to anode lower end.First three-way magnetic valve one end and second three-way magnetic valve one end are opened, fuel gas is through on anode
Hold air inlet anode lower end outlet；Open the other end of first three-way magnetic valve one end and the second three-way magnetic valve, fuel gas warp
Anode lower end air inlet anode upper end outlet.
Preferably, the second solenoid valve combination goes out solenoid valve, the 5th Unidirectional solenoid valve, the 6th list including the one three into two
To solenoid valve 323, the described 1st into two, which goes out solenoid valve, is equipped with the first intake valve port, the second intake valve port, third purging valve port,
First intake valve port one end is connect with fuel air feed equipment, and the other end of the 5th Unidirectional solenoid valve and the first intake valve port is simultaneously
It is coupled to anode upper end, second intake valve port one end is connect with fuel air feed equipment, the 6th Unidirectional solenoid valve 323 and the second intake valve
The other end of mouth is parallel to anode lower end, opens the first intake valve port and closes the second intake valve port, fuel gas is through anode upper end
Air inlet anode lower end outlet；It opens the second intake valve port and closes the first intake valve port, fuel gas is through anode lower end air inlet anode
Upper end outlet.
Preferably, third solenoid valve combination includes the 7th Unidirectional solenoid valve, the 8th Unidirectional solenoid valve, and the one or three five
Three-way electromagnetic valve, the second 3 position-5 way solenoid valve, the 7th electromagnetic valve of the individual event be blow down valve, the right end of the first 3 position-5 way solenoid valve and
Lower end is separately connected anode top and bottom, controls airintake direction by the first three position five-way valve.Second 3 position-5 way solenoid valve
Right end and upper end are separately connected the top and bottom of anode tap, control discharge directions by the second three position five-way valve.Open one or three
Five-way electromagnetic valve right end and the second 3 position-5 way solenoid valve right end, fuel gas is through anode upper end air inlet anode lower end outlet；It beats
The lower end of a 3 position-5 way solenoid valve upper end and the second 3 position-5 way solenoid valve is opened, fuel gas is through on anode lower end air inlet anode
Bring out gas.
The beneficial effects of the utility model are that system power dissipation is small；It is at low cost, it is only necessary to replace solenoid valve；Control strategy letter
It is single；Volume is reduced, space is saved, improves fuel cell stack system power density；Water in pile internal anode runner is two-way
Circulation solves fuel cell close to intake section electrode and is easy desiccation, close to outlet portion so that water distribution is more uniform
Sub-electrode is easy the problem of water logging, and this programme is applicable not only to cathode open type pile, is equally applicable to the closed pile of cathode.
Detailed description of the invention
Fig. 1 is prior art fuel cell pack internal moisture distribution map；
Fig. 2 is fuel cell pack air inlet schematic diagram in embodiment 2；
Fig. 3 is fuel cell pack air inlet schematic diagram in embodiment 3；
Fig. 4 is fuel cell pack air inlet schematic diagram in embodiment 4；
In figure: 1, cathode terminal；2, anode tap；3, solenoid valve combines；4, the first blow vent；5, the second blow vent；6, outlet
Mouthful；7, air inlet；311, the first Unidirectional solenoid valve；312, the second Unidirectional solenoid valve；313, third Unidirectional solenoid valve；314, the 4th
Unidirectional solenoid valve；315, the first three-way magnetic valve；316, the second three-way magnetic valve；321, the one three into two goes out solenoid valve；322,
5th Unidirectional solenoid valve；323, the 6th Unidirectional solenoid valve；331, the 7th Unidirectional solenoid valve；332, the first 3 position-5 way solenoid valve；
333, the second 3 position-5 way solenoid valve.
Specific embodiment
It is practical new to this With reference to embodiment in order to make content described in the utility model easily facilitate understanding
Technical solution described in type is described further, but the utility model is not limited only to this.
Embodiment 1
As shown in Figure 1, be the fuel cell pack internal moisture distribution map of the prior art, the specially closed pile of cathode,
Hydrogen is on the path of hydrogen inlet to hydrogen outlet, and interior content constantly increases in runner, simultaneously as anode does not increase
It is wet, thus hydrogen inlet humidity with hydrogen it is continuous enter gradually decrease, and hydrogen outlet humidity is with water content in runner
Raising and increase, so there is dry area shown in figure and wet area, the water distribution of its internal environment when operation of fuel cells
Inhomogeneities result in fuel cell and be easy desiccation close to intake section electrode, cause local internal resistance to increase, close to going out
Oral area sub-electrode is easy water logging, so that the performance of fuel cell pile, reliability, service life are all affected.
Embodiment 2
As shown in Fig. 2, a kind of fuel cell pack water management control system, including cathode terminal 1, anode tap 2, two sides gas stream
Road, fuel gas, oxidant gas, the anode tap 2 are equipped with solenoid valve combination 3, make institute by controlling the solenoid valve combination 3
State fuel gas with upper end air inlet lower end outlet (hereinafter referred to as upper entering and lower leaving) and lower end air inlet upper end outlet (under hereinafter referred to as into
Above go out) alternately mode is by 2 gas flow path of anode tap, so that the uniform moisture inside fuel cell pack is distributed, the fuel
Gas is hydrogen, and oxidant gas is air.
The solenoid valve combination 3 includes that the first solenoid valve combines 3, second solenoid valve combination 3, third solenoid valve combines in 3
One kind, the present embodiment preferably the first solenoid valve combination 3, specific structure and operate it is as follows:
The first solenoid valve combination 3 is unidirectionally electric including the first Unidirectional solenoid valve 311, the second Unidirectional solenoid valve 312, third
Magnet valve 313, the 4th Unidirectional solenoid valve 314, the first three-way magnetic valve 315, the second three-way magnetic valve 316, described first is unidirectional
Solenoid valve 311 is the first intake valve port, and the second Unidirectional solenoid valve 312 is the second intake valve port, and third Unidirectional solenoid valve 313 is to blow
Valve port is swept, the 4th Unidirectional solenoid valve 314 is exhaust valve port, the first Unidirectional solenoid valve 311 and the second Unidirectional solenoid valve 312 and fuel
Air feed equipment is connected, and 315 one end of the first three-way magnetic valve and 316 one end of the second three-way magnetic valve are parallel to anode upper end, and first
The other end of 315 one end of three-way magnetic valve and the second three-way magnetic valve 316 is parallel to anode lower end.Open the first three-way magnetic valve
315 one end and 316 one end of the second three-way magnetic valve, fuel gas is through anode upper end air inlet anode lower end outlet；Open the one or three
The other end of 315 one end of three-way electromagnetic valve and the second three-way magnetic valve 316, fuel gas on anode lower end air inlet anode through bringing out
Gas.
Method used by this programme realizes hydrogen from anode upper end or the air inlet of anode lower end by solenoid valve control hydrogen
The transformation of upper entering and lower leaving and bottom in and top out, anode-side only need an air inlet 7 and an exhaust outlet, do not need additionally to increase
Air inlet 7 and exhaust outlet leave space to cathode inlet mouth 7 and exhaust outlet in this way, and the cathode terminal 1 is only for oxidant gas
Air inlet and outlet are applicable not only to cathode open type pile, are equally applicable to the closed pile of cathode.
Further including exchange-column shift unit in embodiment 2, changes the flow direction of fuel gas, this unit is known products, to
The upper entering and lower leaving of timing adjustment hydrogen and the direction of bottom in and top out, avoid ponding.
Embodiment 3
As shown in figure 3, a kind of fuel cell pack water management control system, including cathode terminal 1, anode tap 2, two sides gas stream
Road, fuel gas, oxidant gas, the anode tap 2 are equipped with solenoid valve combination 3, make institute by controlling the solenoid valve combination 3
State fuel gas with upper end air inlet lower end outlet (hereinafter referred to as upper entering and lower leaving) and lower end air inlet upper end outlet (under hereinafter referred to as into
Above go out) alternately mode is by 2 gas flow path of anode tap, so that the uniform moisture inside fuel cell pack is distributed, the fuel
Gas is hydrogen, and oxidant gas is air.
The solenoid valve combination 3 includes that the first solenoid valve combines 3, second solenoid valve combination 3, third solenoid valve combines in 3
One kind, the present embodiment preferred second solenoid valve combination 3 specific structure and operates as follows:
The second solenoid valve combination 3 goes out solenoid valve 321, the 322, the 6th list of the 5th Unidirectional solenoid valve including the one three into two
To solenoid valve 323, the described 1st into two, which goes out solenoid valve 321, is equipped with the first intake valve port, the second intake valve port, third blow down valve
Mouthful, first intake valve port one end is connect with fuel air feed equipment, and the 5th Unidirectional solenoid valve 322 is another with the first intake valve port
One end is parallel to anode upper end, and second intake valve port one end is connect with fuel air feed equipment, the 6th Unidirectional solenoid valve 323 and second
The other end of intake valve port is parallel to anode lower end, and third purging valve port is first passed through before air inlet and is purged to pile anode.
After purging, closes third and purge valve port, fuel battery air end operates normally, 0-t1In time, the first intake valve is opened
Mouthful close the second intake valve port, close the 5th Unidirectional solenoid valve 322 after, hydrogen by air feed equipment by the first intake valve port into
Enter, enters after fuel cell pack reaction by way of anode upper end and be discharged by anode lower end, anode lower end is connected with the 6th electromagnetism at this time
Valve；By exchange-column shift unit, open after the second intake valve port closes the first intake valve port and close the 6th check valve, hydrogen by
Air feed equipment is entered by the second intake valve port, is entered after fuel cell pack reaction by way of anode lower end and is discharged by anode upper end,
Anode lower end is connect with the second intake valve port at this time, with the conversion of this upper entering and lower leaving and bottom in and top out of realizing hydrogen.
Method used by this programme realizes the transformation of hydrogen upper entering and lower leaving and bottom in and top out, sun by the control of solenoid valve
Pole side only needs an air inlet 7 and an exhaust outlet, does not need additionally to increase air inlet 7 and exhaust outlet, gives cathode in this way
Air inlet 7 and exhaust outlet leave space, and the cathode terminal 1 is only for oxidant gas air inlet and outlet.
Further including exchange-column shift unit in embodiment 3, changes the flow direction of fuel gas, this unit is known products, to
The upper entering and lower leaving of timing adjustment hydrogen and the direction of bottom in and top out, avoid ponding.
Embodiment 4
As shown in figure 4, a kind of fuel cell pack water management control system, including cathode terminal 1, anode tap 2, two sides gas stream
Road, fuel gas, oxidant gas, the anode tap 2 are equipped with solenoid valve combination 3, make institute by controlling the solenoid valve combination 3
State fuel gas with upper end air inlet lower end outlet (hereinafter referred to as upper entering and lower leaving) and lower end air inlet upper end outlet (under hereinafter referred to as into
Above go out) alternately mode is by 2 gas flow path of anode tap, so that the uniform moisture inside fuel cell pack is distributed, the fuel
Gas is hydrogen, and oxidant gas is air.
The solenoid valve combination 3 includes that the first solenoid valve combines 3, second solenoid valve combination 3, third solenoid valve combines in 3
One kind, the present embodiment preferred second solenoid valve combination 3 specific structure and operates as follows:
The third solenoid valve combination 3 includes the 7th Unidirectional solenoid valve 331, the first 3 position-5 way solenoid valve the 332, the 2nd 3
Position five-way electromagnetic valve 333, the 7th electromagnetic valve of the individual event are blow down valve, the right end of the first 3 position-5 way solenoid valve 332 and lower end difference
Jointed anode top and bottom control airintake direction by the first three position five-way valve.The right end of second 3 position-5 way solenoid valve 333 and
Upper end is separately connected the top and bottom of anode tap, controls discharge directions by the second three position five-way valve.Open the first 3 position-5 way
333 right end of 332 right end of solenoid valve and the second 3 position-5 way solenoid valve, fuel gas is through anode upper end air inlet anode lower end outlet；
The lower end of 332 upper end of the first 3 position-5 way solenoid valve and the second 3 position-5 way solenoid valve 333 is opened, fuel gas is through anode lower end
Air inlet anode upper end outlet.
Method used by this programme realizes the transformation of hydrogen upper entering and lower leaving and bottom in and top out, sun by the control of solenoid valve
Pole side only needs an air inlet 7 and an exhaust outlet, does not need additionally to increase air inlet 7 and exhaust outlet, gives cathode in this way
Air inlet 7 and exhaust outlet leave space, and the cathode terminal 1 is only for oxidant gas air inlet and outlet.
Further including exchange-column shift unit in embodiment 4, changes the flow direction of fuel gas, this unit is known products, to
The upper entering and lower leaving of timing adjustment hydrogen and the direction of bottom in and top out, avoid ponding.
The above is only the preferred embodiment of the present invention, it is all done according to present utility model application the scope of the patents it is equal
Deng variation and modification, it should all belong to the covering scope of the utility model.
Claims (5)
1. a kind of fuel cell pack water management control system, including cathode terminal (1), anode tap (2), two sides gas flow path, fuel
Gas, oxidant gas, which is characterized in that the anode tap (2) is equipped with solenoid valve combination (3), and anode tap (2) top is equipped with the
One blow vent (4), anode tap (2) lower part are equipped with the second blow vent (5), make fuel gas by controlling the solenoid valve combination (3)
Body is from (4) air inlet of the first blow vent from the second blow vent (5) outlet, or makes fuel gas from (5) air inlet of the second blow vent from
One blow vent (4) outlet, the cathode terminal (1) are equipped with only for the gas outlet of oxidant gas (6) and air inlet (7).
2. a kind of fuel cell pack water management control system according to claim 1, which is characterized in that the solenoid valve block
Closing (3) includes one of the first solenoid valve combination (31), second solenoid valve combination (32), third solenoid valve combination (33).
3. a kind of fuel cell pack water management control system according to claim 2, which is characterized in that first electromagnetism
It includes the first Unidirectional solenoid valve (311), the second Unidirectional solenoid valve (312), third Unidirectional solenoid valve (313), that valve group, which closes (31),
Four Unidirectional solenoid valves (314), the first three-way magnetic valve (315), the second three-way magnetic valve (316), the first Unidirectional solenoid valve (311)
It is connected with the second Unidirectional solenoid valve (312) with fuel air feed equipment, the first three-way magnetic valve (315) one end and the second threeway electromagnetism
Valve (316) one end is parallel to anode tap top, and the first three-way magnetic valve (315) one end is another with the second three-way magnetic valve (316)
One end is parallel to anode tap (2) lower part, opens the first three-way magnetic valve (315) one end and the second three-way magnetic valve (316) one end,
Fuel gas is through anode tap (2) first blow vent (4) the second blow vent of air inlet (5) outlet；Open the first three-way magnetic valve (315)
The other end of one end and the second three-way magnetic valve (316), fuel gas go out through the second blow vent (5) the first blow vent of air inlet (4)
Gas.
4. a kind of fuel cell pack water management control system according to claim 2, which is characterized in that second electromagnetism
Valve group closes (32) and goes out solenoid valve (321), the 5th Unidirectional solenoid valve (322), the 6th Unidirectional solenoid valve including the one three into two
(323), the described 1st into two goes out that solenoid valve (321) are equipped with the first intake valve port (34), the second intake valve port (35), third are blown
It sweeps valve port (36), described first intake valve port (34) one end is connect with fuel air feed equipment, the 5th Unidirectional solenoid valve (322) and the
The other end of one intake valve port (34) is parallel to anode tap (2) top, the second intake valve port (35) one end and fuel air feed equipment
Connection, the other end of the 6th Unidirectional solenoid valve (323) and the second intake valve port (35) are parallel to anode tap (2) lower part, open the
One intake valve port (34) closes the second intake valve port (35), and fuel gas is logical through anode tap (2) first blow vent (4) air inlet second
Port (5) outlet；It opens the second intake valve port (35) and closes the first intake valve port (34), fuel gas is ventilated through anode tap second
Mouth (5) air inlet the first blow vent (4) outlet.
5. a kind of fuel cell pack water management control system according to claim 2, which is characterized in that the third electromagnetism
It includes the 7th Unidirectional solenoid valve (331), the first 3 position-5 way solenoid valve (332), the second 3 position-5 way solenoid valve that valve group, which closes (33),
(333), the 7th Unidirectional solenoid valve is blow down valve (334), and it is logical that the valve port of the first 3 position-5 way solenoid valve (332) is separately connected first
Port (4), the second blow vent (5), combustion gas gas control the first blow vent (4) air inlet through the first 3 position-5 way solenoid valve (332)
Or second blow vent (5) air inlet, the right end of the second 3 position-5 way solenoid valve (333) and top are separately connected anode tap (2) top
And lower part, discharge directions are controlled by the second 3 position-5 way solenoid valve (333), open first 3 position-5 way solenoid valve (332) right end
With second 3 position-5 way solenoid valve (333) right end, fuel gas is through the first blow vent (4) the second blow vent of air inlet (5) outlet；It beats
The lower part on the first 3 position-5 way solenoid valve (332) top and the second 3 position-5 way solenoid valve (333) is opened, fuel gas is logical through second
Port (5) the first blow vent of air inlet (4) outlet.
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