CN209544525U - A kind of hydrogen gas generating system - Google Patents

A kind of hydrogen gas generating system Download PDF

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Publication number
CN209544525U
CN209544525U CN201920452720.XU CN201920452720U CN209544525U CN 209544525 U CN209544525 U CN 209544525U CN 201920452720 U CN201920452720 U CN 201920452720U CN 209544525 U CN209544525 U CN 209544525U
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hydrogen
solenoid valve
fuel cell
water
reformer
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马友河
樊军
梁万广
王金明
把武
马进
孙少东
韩基
甄镔滨
周哲平
王启浩
王戈
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Mh Technology Co Ltd
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Mh Technology Co Ltd
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    • YGENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02EREDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E60/00Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
    • Y02E60/30Hydrogen technology
    • Y02E60/50Fuel cells
    • YGENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02PCLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
    • Y02P70/00Climate change mitigation technologies in the production process for final industrial or consumer products
    • Y02P70/50Manufacturing or production processes characterised by the final manufactured product

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Abstract

The utility model discloses a kind of hydrogen gas generating system, including fuel cell and hydrogen conveying system, the hydrogen conveying system includes hydrogen source, hydrogen inlet manifold road, hydrogen output channel and hydrogen current stabilization component, the hydrogen current stabilization component includes air pressure distributor, intake solenoid valve, outlet solenoid valve, pressure sensor and control device, the air pressure distributor is connected to hydrogen source, the pressure sensor is installed on air pressure distributor, the hydrogen inlet manifold road and hydrogen output channel are connected to air pressure distributor respectively, the intake solenoid valve is installed on hydrogen inlet manifold road, the outlet solenoid valve is installed on hydrogen output channel, the control device and intake solenoid valve and outlet solenoid valve are electrically connected, the control device is connect with pressure sensor communication.The utility model can input fuel cell with stable hydrogen flowing quantity, and fuel cell is made to expire work status always, improve the power generation performance of fuel cell, while also reducing manufacturing cost.

Description

A kind of hydrogen gas generating system
Technical field
The utility model relates to generating equipment technical field, in particular to a kind of hydrogen gas generating system.
Background technique
Hydrogen is a kind of one of 21 century optimal energy, coal, gasoline and the hydrogen for identical weight of burning the case where Under, the energy that hydrogen generates is most, and the product that it burns is water, without lime-ash and exhaust gas, is not polluted the environment;And coal and The mainly CO that oil combustion generates2And SO2, greenhouse effects and acid rain can be generated respectively.Coal and petroleum reserves are limited, And hydrogen is mainly stored in water, unique product is also water after burning, can continuously generate hydrogen, is never finished.Hydrogen Distribution it is very extensive, water is exactly big " warehouse " of hydrogen, wherein containing 11% hydrogen.About there is 1.5% hydrogen in soil;Petroleum, coal, All contain hydrogen in natural gas, animal and plant body etc..The main body of hydrogen be in the form of compound water existing for, and earth surface about 70% It is covered by water, moisture storage capacity is very big, accordingly, it can be said that hydrogen is the energy of " inexhaustible, nexhaustible ".If can be with suitably Method preparing hydrogen, then hydrogen also will be a kind of energy that price is comparatively inexpensive.
Currently, producing H using methanol steam reforming technology2With CO2Mixed gas, then separated through palladium membrane separator, can Respectively obtain H2And CO2.Referring to Chinese invention application 201310340475.0(applicant: Shanghai, which is closed, must both move the limited public affairs of hydrogen machine Department), which disclose a kind of Methanol water hydrogen production system, the reformer chamber of methanol and steam reformer, in 350-409 DEG C of temperature It spends under the pressure condition of lower 1-5M Pa through catalyst, under the effect of the catalyst, methanol decomposition reaction and carbon monoxide occurs Conversion reaction, generate hydrogen and carbon dioxide, this gas solid catalytic reaction system for being a multiple groups part, reacting more.Reaction side Journey is as follows: (1) CH3OH→CO+2H2;(2)H2O+CO→CO2+H2;(3)CH3OH+H2O→CO2+3H2, the H of reforming reaction generation2 And CO2, using the palladium membrane separator of separation chamber by H2And CO2Separation, obtains high-purity hydrogen.
With the development of technology, hydrogen in the industry using more and more extensive, such as ammonia synthesizing industry and petroleum refinement Add hydrogen industry etc., in addition to this, hydrogen can also be used to generate electricity, referring to Chinese invention application 201410622203.4(applicant: Shanghai Hejide Dynamic Hydrogen Machine Co., Ltd.), a kind of generator and its hair based on Methanol water hydrogen production system of the disclosure of the invention Method for electrically, using fuel cell as generating equipment, which occurs the generator for the oxygen in hydrogen and air Electrochemical reaction produces electricl energy, in the anode of fuel cell: 2H2→4H++4e-, H2Split into two protons and two electronics, matter Son passes through proton exchange membrane (PEM), and electronics is by anode plate, by external loading, and enters cathode bipolar plate, in fuel cell Cathode: O2+4e-+4H+→2H2O, proton, electronics and O2It recombines to form H2O.The generator is by methanol-water reformation hydrogen production With it is fuel cell integrated integral, realize the technical purpose that hydrogen manufacturing and power generation are integrated.In the prior art, it is conveyed in hydrogen The instruments such as pressure gauge, flowmeter and solenoid valve are usually provided with, into the transfer passage of fuel cell to monitor fuel cell Hydrogen input condition, but such setting had not only caused the cost of entire electricity generation system to increase, but also can not to stablize input fuel electric The hydrogen flowing quantity in pond, cause sometimes hydrogen excessively make fuel cell that need to drain excessive hydrogen, hydrogen is too small sometimes can not make to fire Material battery cannot expire work status, reduce the power generation performance of fuel cell.
Summary of the invention
The technical problems to be solved in the utility model is in view of the deficiency of the prior art, to provide a kind of hydrogen hair Electric system can input fuel cell with stable hydrogen flowing quantity, so that fuel cell is expired work status always, improve fuel cell Power generation performance, while also reduce manufacturing cost.
In order to solve the above technical problems, the technical solution of the utility model is:
A kind of hydrogen gas generating system, including fuel cell and hydrogen conveying system, the hydrogen conveying system include hydrogen Source, hydrogen inlet manifold road, hydrogen output channel and hydrogen current stabilization component, the hydrogen current stabilization component include air pressure distributor, into Pneumoelectric magnet valve, outlet solenoid valve, pressure sensor and control device, the air pressure distributor are connected to hydrogen source, the pressure Sensor is installed on air pressure distributor, and the hydrogen inlet manifold road and hydrogen output channel are connected to air pressure distributor respectively, The intake solenoid valve is installed on hydrogen inlet manifold road, and the outlet solenoid valve is installed on hydrogen output channel, the hydrogen The hydrogen of gas source enters fuel cell through air pressure distributor and hydrogen inlet manifold road, in fuel cell, in hydrogen and air Oxygen occurs electrochemical reaction and produces electricl energy, and generates water, the water of the generation and unreacted hydrogen again from fuel cell export to Hydrogen output channel;The control device and intake solenoid valve and outlet solenoid valve are electrically connected, the control device and pressure Sensor communication connection, the pressure value that the pressure sensor detects be greater than control device setting pressure threshold, it is described into Pneumoelectric magnet valve is closed, and the outlet solenoid valve is opened, and the hydrogen of the hydrogen source is exported to hydrogen output channel.
As a preferred embodiment, the pressure sensor is digital pressure sensor.
As a preferred embodiment, the hydrogen gas generating system further includes air conveying system, the air conveying system packet Blower and airstrainer are included, outside air can be under the driving effect of the blower, after airstrainer, from fuel cell Air intlet enter, then from the air outlet slit of fuel cell be discharged;In fuel cell, the oxygen in hydrogen and air occurs Electrochemical reaction produces electricl energy.
As a preferred embodiment, the hydrogen conveying system further includes hydrogen separator, the hydrogen separator setting In on hydrogen output channel, after hydrogen separator separates, hydrogen is back to hydrogen for the water of the generation and unreacted hydrogen The output end in source.
As a preferred embodiment, the hydrogen source is Methanol water hydrogen production system, which includes methanol Water storage container, delivery pump, heat exchanger and reformer, in which:
Methanol water storage container is stored with the first alcohol and water of liquid;
Delivery pump, for the first alcohol and water in methanol-water storage container to be delivered to the reformer chamber of reformer;
Heat exchanger is installed on the conveyance conduit between delivery pump and reformer, the first alcohol and water of low temperature in heat exchanger, It exchanges heat with the high-temperature hydrogen of reformer chamber output, methanol and coolant-temperature gage are increased, vaporized;
Reformer, is equipped with reformer chamber, electric heater and separation chamber, and electric heater provides thermal energy, reformer chamber for reformer chamber Equipped with catalyst, the reformation hydrogen production reaction of first alcohol and water occurs in reformer chamber for first alcohol and water, is made with carbon dioxide and hydrogen Based on high-temperature mixed gas, which enters separation chamber and isolates high-temperature hydrogen, and the high-temperature hydrogen is in heat exchanger In, it exchanges heat with the first alcohol and water of low temperature, hydrogen temperature reduces.
As a preferred embodiment, the reformer chamber is additionally provided with combustion chamber, and the combustion chamber is for part obtained of burning Hydrogen provides the heat of reformer operation.
As a preferred embodiment, compensation vapourizing unit is additionally provided between the heat exchanger and reformer, compensation vaporization Device is equipped with electric heater, can further vaporize after the compensated vapourizing unit of first alcohol and water.
As a preferred embodiment, in the electric energy that the fuel cell generates, a part of electric energy is control device, pressure biography Sensor, intake solenoid valve, outlet solenoid valve, hydrogen separator, the blower of air conveying system, delivery pump, reformer electricity add Hot device and the electric heater power supply for compensating vapourizing unit, remaining power output.
The beneficial effects of the utility model are: by the way that hydrogen current stabilization component is arranged between hydrogen source and fuel cell, and It can be with stable by the work cooperation of air pressure distributor, intake solenoid valve, outlet solenoid valve, pressure sensor and control device Hydrogen flowing quantity inputs in fuel cell, so that fuel cell is expired work status always, improves the power generation performance of fuel cell;Due to steady Pressure component is mainly pressure sensor, air pressure distributor, intake solenoid valve and outlet solenoid valve, these parts it is cheap, The manufacturing cost of this electricity generation system can be effectively reduced;Pressure sensor volume is small for this, is easily installed;The air pressure distributor, into The price material benefit of pneumoelectric magnet valve, outlet solenoid valve and pressure sensor, can be effectively reduced the manufacturing cost of electricity generation system.
Detailed description of the invention
Fig. 1 is the assembly structure diagram of the embodiment of the utility model;
Fig. 2 is the assembly structure diagram of one of the utility model preferred embodiment.
In figure: 1- hydrogen source, 2- fuel cell, 3- air pressure distributor, 4- intake solenoid valve, 5- outlet solenoid valve, 6- pressure Force snesor, 7- blower, 8- airstrainer, 9- hydrogen separator, 10- AC/DC changeover switch, 11- methanol water storage container, 12- delivery pump, 13- heat exchanger, 14- reformer, 141- reformer chamber, 142- electric heater, the separation chamber 143-, the combustion chamber 144-, 145- exhaust pipe, 15- compensate vapourizing unit, 151- electric heater, 16- control device.
Specific embodiment
The structural principle of the utility model and working principle are described in further detail with reference to the accompanying drawing.
As shown in Figure 1, a kind of hydrogen gas generating system, including fuel cell 2 and hydrogen conveying system, the hydrogen delivery system System includes hydrogen source 1, hydrogen inlet manifold road, hydrogen output channel and hydrogen current stabilization component, and the hydrogen current stabilization component includes gas Press distributor 3, intake solenoid valve 4, outlet solenoid valve 5, pressure sensor 6 and control device 16, the air pressure distributor 3 and hydrogen Gas source 1 is connected to, and the pressure sensor 6 is installed on air pressure distributor 3, the hydrogen inlet manifold road and hydrogen output channel point It is not connected to air pressure distributor 3, the intake solenoid valve 4 is installed on hydrogen inlet manifold road, the control device 16 and air inlet Solenoid valve 4 and outlet solenoid valve 5 are electrically connected, and the control device 16 is communicated to connect with pressure sensor 6.
As a preferred embodiment, the pressure sensor 6 is digital pressure sensor 6.Number used in the present embodiment Word pressure sensor 6 is Panasonic's board digital pressure sensor 6, measurement range -100.0 ~ 100.0kPa, -10 DEG C of operating temperature ~ 50 DEG C, this digital pressure sensor 6 it is small in size, be easily installed, and price material benefit, can be effectively reduced the manufacture of electricity generation system at This.
As a preferred embodiment, the hydrogen gas generating system further includes air conveying system, the air conveying system packet Two blowers 7 and airstrainer 8 are included, two blowers 7 are set to the side of fuel cell 2, and the airstrainer 8 is set to fuel The other side of battery 2, under the driving of two blowers 7, outside air after airstrainer 8, from the air of fuel cell 2 into Mouth enters, then the air outlet slit through fuel cell 2, is discharged from two blowers 7.Outside air is in the mistake for entering fuel cell 2 On the one hand Cheng Zhong is the cooling of fuel cell 2, on the other hand, the electrochemical reaction for fuel cell 2 provides oxygen.
As a preferred embodiment, the hydrogen conveying system further includes hydrogen separator 9, and the hydrogen separator 9 is set It is placed on hydrogen output channel.
When work, when the pressure value that the pressure sensor 6 detects is greater than the pressure threshold that control device 16 is set, Intake solenoid valve 4 is closed in the control device 16 control, opens simultaneously outlet solenoid valve 5, the hydrogen of the hydrogen source 1 export to Hydrogen output channel;It is described when the pressure value that the pressure sensor 6 detects is less than the pressure value that control device 16 is set Intake solenoid valve 4 is opened in the control of control device 16, simultaneously closes off outlet solenoid valve 5, the hydrogen of the hydrogen source 1 is inputted through hydrogen Pipeline enters in fuel cell 2, just can be inputted in fuel cell 2 with stable hydrogen flowing quantity in this way, make fuel cell 2 always Full work status, improves the power generation performance of fuel cell 2;Due to stabipack be mainly pressure sensor 6, air pressure distributor 3, Intake solenoid valve 4 and outlet solenoid valve 5, these parts it is cheap, the manufacturing cost of this electricity generation system can be effectively reduced.
In fuel cell 2, hydrogen occurs electrochemical reaction with the oxygen in air and produces electricl energy, in fuel cell 2 Anode: 2H2→4H++4e-, H2Two protons and two electronics are split into, proton passes through proton exchange membrane (PEM), and electronics passes through Anode plate by external loading, and enters cathode bipolar plate, in the cathode of fuel cell 27: O2+4e-+4H+→2H2O, proton, Electronics and O2It recombines to form H2O;The water of the generation and unreacted hydrogen are exported from fuel cell 2 to hydrogen again to be exported After the separation of hydrogen separator 9, hydrogen is back to the output end of hydrogen source 1 for pipeline, the water of the generation and unreacted hydrogen, It just can be reduced the discharge of hydrogen in this way, while can also save raw material, environmental protection and energy saving.
Be illustrated in figure 2 one of the utility model preferred embodiment, with above-described embodiment the difference is that: it is described Hydrogen source 1 is Methanol water hydrogen production system, which includes methanol water storage container 11, delivery pump 12, heat exchanger 13 and reformer 14, in which:
Methanol water storage container 11 is stored with the first alcohol and water of liquid;
Delivery pump 12, for the first alcohol and water in methanol-water storage container to be delivered to the reformer chamber 141 of reformer 14;
Heat exchanger 13 is installed on the conveyance conduit between delivery pump 12 and reformer 14, and the first alcohol and water of low temperature is changing In hot device 13, the high-temperature hydrogen exported with reformer chamber 141 exchanges heat, and methanol and coolant-temperature gage are increased, vaporized;
Reformer 14 is equipped with reformer chamber 141, electric heater 142, separation chamber 143, combustion chamber 144 and exhaust pipe 145, electricity Heater 142 is that reformer chamber 141 provides thermal energy, is equipped with catalyst in reformer chamber 141, first alcohol and water is in reformer chamber 141,1-5M By catalyst under the pressure condition of Pa, under the effect of the catalyst, methanol decomposition reaction occurs and the transformation of carbon monoxide is anti- It answers, generates hydrogen and carbon dioxide, this gas solid catalytic reaction system for being a multiple groups part, reacting more, reactional equation is (1) CH3OH→CO+2H2、(2)H2O+CO→CO2+H2 、(3)CH3OH+H2O→CO2+3H2, it is made based on carbon dioxide and hydrogen High-temperature mixed gas high-temperature mixed gas based on carbon dioxide and hydrogen is made, which enters separation chamber 143 isolate high-temperature hydrogen, which exchanges heat in heat exchanger 13 with the first alcohol and water of low temperature, hydrogen temperature drop It is low, and separated the remaining high-temperature mixed gas after hydrogen and entered (the main combustion burnt herein of being burnt in combustion chamber 144 Material is residue not by isolated hydrogen), the heat of the operation of reformer 14 is provided, the remaining gaseous mixture after combustion chamber 144 is burnt Body is discharged through exhaust pipe 145.
As a preferred embodiment, compensation vapourizing unit 15, the benefit are additionally provided between the heat exchanger 13 and reformer 14 It repays vapourizing unit 15 and is equipped with electric heater 151, can further be vaporized after the compensated vapourizing unit 15 of first alcohol and water.
Further, in the Methanol water hydrogen production system, reformer 14 needs that starter is arranged, and there are three types of the starters Scheme: start battery device is arranged in one, reformer 14, which can be defeated in 14 start-up course of reformer The electric heater 151 of pump 12 and reformer 14 is sent to power;Secondly, reformer 14 or be provided with combustion-type starter, the burning Formula starter can be the heating of reformer chamber 141 by combustion methanol in 14 start-up course of reformer;Thirdly, methanol-water hydrogen manufacturing Machine is additionally provided with hydrogen storage bottle, which can be fuel cell inputting hydrogen, make fuel cell 2 in 14 start-up course of reformer Work, produces electricl energy.
As a preferred embodiment, in the electric energy that the fuel cell 2 generates, a part of electric energy is control device 16, pressure Force snesor 6, intake solenoid valve 4, outlet solenoid valve 5, hydrogen separator 9, the blower 7 of air conveying system, delivery pump 12, again The electric heater 142 of whole device 14 and the electric heater 151 for compensating vapourizing unit 15 are powered, and remaining electric energy is through AC/DC changeover switch 10 It exports again afterwards, which can be carried out DC/AC conversion or DC/DC conversion.
Above descriptions are merely preferred embodiments of the utility model, it is all according to the technical solution of the utility model to On embodiment made by any subtle modifications, equivalent variations and modifications, belong to the range of technical solutions of the utility model It is interior.

Claims (8)

1. a kind of hydrogen gas generating system, including fuel cell and hydrogen conveying system, it is characterised in that: the hydrogen conveying system Including hydrogen source, hydrogen inlet manifold road, hydrogen output channel and hydrogen current stabilization component, the hydrogen current stabilization component includes air pressure point Orchestration, intake solenoid valve, outlet solenoid valve, pressure sensor and control device, the air pressure distributor are connected to hydrogen source, institute Pressure sensor is stated to be installed on air pressure distributor, the hydrogen inlet manifold road and hydrogen output channel respectively with air pressure distributor Connection, the intake solenoid valve are installed on hydrogen inlet manifold road, and the outlet solenoid valve is installed on hydrogen output channel, institute The hydrogen for stating hydrogen source enters fuel cell through air pressure distributor and hydrogen inlet manifold road, in fuel cell, hydrogen and air In oxygen occur electrochemical reaction produce electricl energy, generate water, the water of the generation and unreacted hydrogen are defeated from fuel cell again Out to hydrogen output channel;The control device and intake solenoid valve and outlet solenoid valve are electrically connected, the control device with Pressure sensor communication connection, the pressure value that the pressure sensor detects are greater than the pressure threshold of control device setting, institute Intake solenoid valve closing is stated, the outlet solenoid valve is opened, and the hydrogen of the hydrogen source is exported to hydrogen output channel.
2. a kind of hydrogen gas generating system according to claim 1, it is characterised in that: the pressure sensor is digital pressure Sensor.
3. a kind of hydrogen gas generating system according to claim 1, it is characterised in that: it further include air conveying system, the sky Gas transportation system includes blower and airstrainer, and outside air can be under the driving effect of the blower, through airstrainer Afterwards, enter from the air intlet of fuel cell, then be discharged from the air outlet slit of fuel cell;In fuel cell, hydrogen and sky Oxygen in gas occurs electrochemical reaction and produces electricl energy.
4. a kind of hydrogen gas generating system according to claim 3, it is characterised in that: the hydrogen conveying system further includes hydrogen Separator, the hydrogen separator are set on hydrogen output channel, and the water of the generation and unreacted hydrogen are through hydrogen water After separator separation, hydrogen is back to the output end of hydrogen source.
5. a kind of hydrogen gas generating system according to claim 4, it is characterised in that: the hydrogen source is methanol-water hydrogen manufacturing system System, which includes methanol water storage container, delivery pump, heat exchanger and reformer, in which:
Methanol water storage container is stored with the first alcohol and water of liquid;
Delivery pump, for the first alcohol and water in methanol-water storage container to be delivered to the reformer chamber of reformer;
Heat exchanger is installed on the conveyance conduit between delivery pump and reformer, and the first alcohol and water of low temperature is in heat exchanger, and again The high-temperature hydrogen of whole room output exchanges heat, and methanol and coolant-temperature gage are increased, vaporized;
Reformer is equipped with reformer chamber, electric heater and separation chamber, and electric heater provides thermal energy for reformer chamber, and reformer chamber is equipped with The reformation hydrogen production reaction of first alcohol and water occurs in reformer chamber, is made based on carbon dioxide and hydrogen for catalyst, first alcohol and water High-temperature mixed gas, which enters separation chamber and isolates high-temperature hydrogen, the high-temperature hydrogen in heat exchanger, with The first alcohol and water of low temperature exchanges heat, and hydrogen temperature reduces.
6. a kind of hydrogen gas generating system according to claim 5, it is characterised in that: the reformer chamber is additionally provided with combustion chamber, The combustion chamber provides the heat of reformer operation for the hydrogen partial obtained that burns.
7. a kind of hydrogen gas generating system according to claim 6, it is characterised in that: between the heat exchanger and reformer also Equipped with compensation vapourizing unit, which is equipped with electric heater, can be into after the compensated vapourizing unit of first alcohol and water The vaporization of one step.
8. a kind of hydrogen gas generating system according to claim 7, it is characterised in that: the electric energy that the fuel cell generates In, a part of electric energy is control device, pressure sensor, intake solenoid valve, outlet solenoid valve, hydrogen separator, air delivery The electric heater power supply of the blower, delivery pump, the electric heater of reformer and compensation vapourizing unit of system, remaining power output.
CN201920452720.XU 2019-04-04 2019-04-04 A kind of hydrogen gas generating system Active CN209544525U (en)

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CN201920452720.XU CN209544525U (en) 2019-04-04 2019-04-04 A kind of hydrogen gas generating system

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CN201920452720.XU CN209544525U (en) 2019-04-04 2019-04-04 A kind of hydrogen gas generating system

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