CN209510456U - 用于内燃机的涡轮增压器 - Google Patents

用于内燃机的涡轮增压器 Download PDF

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CN209510456U
CN209510456U CN201821548778.6U CN201821548778U CN209510456U CN 209510456 U CN209510456 U CN 209510456U CN 201821548778 U CN201821548778 U CN 201821548778U CN 209510456 U CN209510456 U CN 209510456U
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bushing
welding
shell
turbocharger
turbocharger according
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A·基弗
C·柯斯曼
J·彭特
D·普拉特
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BorgWarner Inc
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    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02B—INTERNAL-COMBUSTION PISTON ENGINES; COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL
    • F02B37/00—Engines characterised by provision of pumps driven at least for part of the time by exhaust
    • F02B37/12—Control of the pumps
    • F02B37/18—Control of the pumps by bypassing exhaust from the inlet to the outlet of turbine or to the atmosphere
    • F02B37/183—Arrangements of bypass valves or actuators therefor
    • F02B37/186—Arrangements of actuators or linkage for bypass valves
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02B—INTERNAL-COMBUSTION PISTON ENGINES; COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL
    • F02B37/00—Engines characterised by provision of pumps driven at least for part of the time by exhaust
    • F02B37/12—Control of the pumps
    • F02B37/18—Control of the pumps by bypassing exhaust from the inlet to the outlet of turbine or to the atmosphere
    • F02B37/183—Arrangements of bypass valves or actuators therefor
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
    • B23K15/00—Electron-beam welding or cutting
    • B23K15/0006—Electron-beam welding or cutting specially adapted for particular articles
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
    • B23K15/00—Electron-beam welding or cutting
    • B23K15/0046—Welding
    • B23K15/0053—Seam welding
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
    • B23K15/00—Electron-beam welding or cutting
    • B23K15/0046—Welding
    • B23K15/0093—Welding characterised by the properties of the materials to be welded
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
    • B23K26/00—Working by laser beam, e.g. welding, cutting or boring
    • B23K26/20—Bonding
    • B23K26/21—Bonding by welding
    • B23K26/22—Spot welding
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    • B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
    • B23K26/00—Working by laser beam, e.g. welding, cutting or boring
    • B23K26/20—Bonding
    • B23K26/21—Bonding by welding
    • B23K26/24—Seam welding
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    • B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
    • B23K26/00—Working by laser beam, e.g. welding, cutting or boring
    • B23K26/20—Bonding
    • B23K26/21—Bonding by welding
    • B23K26/24—Seam welding
    • B23K26/28—Seam welding of curved planar seams
    • B23K26/282—Seam welding of curved planar seams of tube sections
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
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    • B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
    • B23K26/00—Working by laser beam, e.g. welding, cutting or boring
    • B23K26/20—Bonding
    • B23K26/32—Bonding taking account of the properties of the material involved
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    • B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
    • B23K9/00—Arc welding or cutting
    • B23K9/0026—Arc welding or cutting specially adapted for particular articles or work
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
    • B23K9/00—Arc welding or cutting
    • B23K9/02—Seam welding; Backing means; Inserts
    • B23K9/028—Seam welding; Backing means; Inserts for curved planar seams
    • B23K9/0282—Seam welding; Backing means; Inserts for curved planar seams for welding tube sections
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
    • B23K9/00—Arc welding or cutting
    • B23K9/16—Arc welding or cutting making use of shielding gas
    • B23K9/167—Arc welding or cutting making use of shielding gas and of a non-consumable electrode
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
    • B23K9/00—Arc welding or cutting
    • B23K9/16—Arc welding or cutting making use of shielding gas
    • B23K9/173—Arc welding or cutting making use of shielding gas and of a consumable electrode
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
    • B23K9/00—Arc welding or cutting
    • B23K9/23—Arc welding or cutting taking account of the properties of the materials to be welded
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01D—NON-POSITIVE DISPLACEMENT MACHINES OR ENGINES, e.g. STEAM TURBINES
    • F01D25/00—Component parts, details, or accessories, not provided for in, or of interest apart from, other groups
    • F01D25/24—Casings; Casing parts, e.g. diaphragms, casing fastenings
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
    • B23K2101/00—Articles made by soldering, welding or cutting
    • B23K2101/006—Vehicles
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    • B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
    • B23K2101/00—Articles made by soldering, welding or cutting
    • B23K2101/04—Tubular or hollow articles
    • B23K2101/06—Tubes
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
    • B23K2103/00—Materials to be soldered, welded or cut
    • B23K2103/02—Iron or ferrous alloys
    • B23K2103/06—Cast-iron alloys
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01D—NON-POSITIVE DISPLACEMENT MACHINES OR ENGINES, e.g. STEAM TURBINES
    • F01D17/00—Regulating or controlling by varying flow
    • F01D17/10—Final actuators
    • F01D17/105—Final actuators by passing part of the fluid
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F05—INDEXING SCHEMES RELATING TO ENGINES OR PUMPS IN VARIOUS SUBCLASSES OF CLASSES F01-F04
    • F05D—INDEXING SCHEME FOR ASPECTS RELATING TO NON-POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT MACHINES OR ENGINES, GAS-TURBINES OR JET-PROPULSION PLANTS
    • F05D2220/00—Application
    • F05D2220/40—Application in turbochargers
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F05—INDEXING SCHEMES RELATING TO ENGINES OR PUMPS IN VARIOUS SUBCLASSES OF CLASSES F01-F04
    • F05D—INDEXING SCHEME FOR ASPECTS RELATING TO NON-POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT MACHINES OR ENGINES, GAS-TURBINES OR JET-PROPULSION PLANTS
    • F05D2230/00—Manufacture
    • F05D2230/20—Manufacture essentially without removing material
    • F05D2230/23—Manufacture essentially without removing material by permanently joining parts together
    • F05D2230/232—Manufacture essentially without removing material by permanently joining parts together by welding
    • F05D2230/234—Laser welding
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F05—INDEXING SCHEMES RELATING TO ENGINES OR PUMPS IN VARIOUS SUBCLASSES OF CLASSES F01-F04
    • F05D—INDEXING SCHEME FOR ASPECTS RELATING TO NON-POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT MACHINES OR ENGINES, GAS-TURBINES OR JET-PROPULSION PLANTS
    • F05D2230/00—Manufacture
    • F05D2230/20—Manufacture essentially without removing material
    • F05D2230/23—Manufacture essentially without removing material by permanently joining parts together
    • F05D2230/232—Manufacture essentially without removing material by permanently joining parts together by welding
    • F05D2230/235—TIG or MIG welding
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F05—INDEXING SCHEMES RELATING TO ENGINES OR PUMPS IN VARIOUS SUBCLASSES OF CLASSES F01-F04
    • F05D—INDEXING SCHEME FOR ASPECTS RELATING TO NON-POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT MACHINES OR ENGINES, GAS-TURBINES OR JET-PROPULSION PLANTS
    • F05D2260/00—Function
    • F05D2260/30—Retaining components in desired mutual position
    • F05D2260/37—Retaining components in desired mutual position by a press fit connection
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F05—INDEXING SCHEMES RELATING TO ENGINES OR PUMPS IN VARIOUS SUBCLASSES OF CLASSES F01-F04
    • F05D—INDEXING SCHEME FOR ASPECTS RELATING TO NON-POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT MACHINES OR ENGINES, GAS-TURBINES OR JET-PROPULSION PLANTS
    • F05D2260/00—Function
    • F05D2260/60—Fluid transfer
    • F05D2260/606—Bypassing the fluid
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
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    • Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
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Abstract

本实用新型涉及一种用于内燃机的涡轮增压器，其包括：壳体(3)，至少一个从动式压缩机叶片(4)，尤其至少一个驱动式涡轮机叶片(5)，以及用于调节涡轮增压器(1)的调节组件(2)，其中，该调节组件(2)的衬套(9)被固定在该壳体(3)的凹陷部(10)中，其中，该衬套(9)通过焊接(11)与该壳体(3)以材料锁合的方式相连接。

Description

用于内燃机的涡轮增压器
技术领域
本实用新型涉及一种用于内燃机的涡轮增压器。
背景技术
从EP 3 276 140 A1已知的是，将用于废气门阀的转轴的衬套插入涡轮增压器壳体的开孔中。此外，从涡轮增压器的制造实践中已知的是，借助机械变形永久地将这样的衬套固定在壳体开孔中。
实用新型内容
本实用新型的目的在于，给出一种用于内燃机的涡轮增压器，对该涡轮增压器而言实现简单且可靠地安装衬套。
该目的根据本实用新型通过一种用于内燃机的涡轮增压器实现，其包括：壳体；至少一个从动式压缩机叶片；优选至少一个驱动式涡轮机叶片；以及用于调节涡轮增压器的调节组件，其中，该调节组件的衬套被固定在该壳体的凹陷部中，该衬套通过焊接以材料锁合的方式与壳体相连接。
通过借助焊接实现的衬套的材料锁合连接，实现对衬套在壳体的凹陷部中的具有永久固定位置的简单安装。
在本实用新型中，涡轮增压器的调节组件是指任何可移动的机械部件，尤其用于影响涡轮增压器的工作状态。
在此，根据扩展的语言用法，涡轮增压器是指一种借助从动式压缩机叶片对内燃机进行增压的器件。在此，驱动原则上也可以通过电机或者类似装置来进行。然而优选地，该驱动通过驱动式涡轮机叶片或排气涡轮机来进行。
在本实用新型的意义上，焊接应当理解成任何类型的材料锁合的连接、即不限于焊接。在此，在优选的实施方式中，将衬套材料与壳体材料熔化。但是在可能的实施方式中也可以进行高温钎焊，其中，至少一个构件未被熔化或者仅少量被熔化。
可以提出将其他材料熔化或者引入焊接中。焊接优选在衬套与壳体之间的环绕状相邻缝隙的区域中进行。焊接可以优选地形成为区段式地环绕衬套的接缝。特别优选在两个对置的位置处进行焊接。替代性地，也可以存在点状或者完全环绕状的焊接。
在本实用新型的一种优选的实施方式中提出，焊接借助激光束产生。使用激光焊接设备是特别有利的，因为其所需的焊接空间小且总能耗低。根据要求，在需要时也可以使用保护气体。
在本实用新型的替代性实施方式中，焊接也可以借助于电子束焊接或金属-惰性气体焊接(MIG)或钨-惰性气体焊接(WIG)产生。
在本实用新型的一种优选实施方式中，在焊接区域设置填料，其中，该填料不同于衬套材料和壳体材料。由此，根据衬套和壳体材料的设计可以提供品质提高的焊缝。
进一步优选地，填料可以形成为在焊接前至少部分地、优选完全地环绕衬套的环。在此，特别有利地，衬套可以具有限位凸缘，其中，填料被被布置在限位凸缘与壳体之间。通过这种方式，填料被理想地定位并且同时可以用于衬套相对于壳体的安装或定位。
如果壳体或衬套这两者中的至少一者由具有大于0.22％、优选大于0.3％的高碳含量的钢制成，则可以特别高效地使用填料。这种具有高碳含量的钢在不使用填料进行焊接时在脆性和断裂强度方面存在问题。
为了高效地进行生产，壳体或衬套这两者中的至少一者由铸造的钢构件构成。
通常有利的是，壳体和衬套由耐高温材料制成。
在本实用新型的一种优化实施例中，填料由镍含量大于5％、尤其大于10％的、能够良好地焊接的合金制成。这尤其适用于：衬套和 /或壳体的材料包含具有高碳含量(>0.22％)的钢。
在本实用新型的一般而言优选的实施方式中，调节组件包括阀，优选排气侧的涡轮机调节阀、特别优选废气门，该阀用于可控地解除涡轮机叶片的负荷。废气门的高温负荷使得根据本实用新型的通过焊接进行安装特别便利。但是，在其他实施方式中，调节组件也可以为涡轮增压器的其他阀或其他调节组件，其中，例如电机(代替涡轮机叶片)也可以用于驱动压缩机叶片。
如果将在该衬套中引导的转轴与枢转臂焊接是与焊接该衬套经由同一装夹夹紧实现，则可以进一步优化生产过程。尤其，转轴与枢转臂可以借助同一焊接装置进行焊接。特别优选地，该焊接装置在此激光焊接设备。
通常有利的是，衬套在焊接前以机械方式被压入壳体的凹陷部中。由此实现衬套的尺寸精确且固定的位置。在此，焊接首先用于在交替的机械负荷和热负荷下使衬套的位置固定。
本实用新型的其他优点和特征从下文所述的实施例中得出。
在下文中将说明本实用新型的优选实施例并借助附图进行更详细的解释。
附图说明
图1示出了用于内燃机的涡轮增压器的示意性总体视图。
图2示出了穿过图1中涡轮增压器的壳体的在根据本实用新型设计的衬套区域中的部分截面视图。
具体实施方式
图1中所示的用于内燃机的涡轮增压器1为排气涡轮增压器，其具有用于控制涡轮机功率的调节组件2。涡轮增压器1包括壳体3、从动式压缩机叶片4以及驱动式涡轮机叶片5。
用于调节涡轮增压器1的调节组件2被设计为阀，更精确地说是排气侧的涡轮机调节阀(在本文中为废气门)，该阀用于可控地解除涡轮机叶片5的负荷。
该调节组件或废气门2包括阀盘6，该阀盘能够借助转轴7和外置的枢转臂8被致动。
在此，转轴7在衬套9中被引导。衬套9被容纳于壳体3的凹陷部10中。凹陷部10形成为圆柱状开孔且被加工至精确的尺寸。
衬套9具有用于引导转轴7的圆柱状开孔9a。衬套9的外表面9b 同样为圆柱状且具有在上部区域中径向凸起的限位凸缘9c。在限位凸缘9c的下方，衬套9具有退刀槽9d。除了退刀槽9d，凹陷部10的上部边缘还具有倒棱。
衬套9通过焊接11与壳体3以材料锁合的方式相连接。焊接11 在图2的截面视图中仅为象征性的，并且出于简洁性的原因仅在一侧示出。
在焊接11的区域中设置填料12，其中，该填料不同于衬套材料和壳体材料。由此，根据衬套和壳体材料的设计可以提供品质提高的焊缝。
在本文中，填料形成为在焊接前至少部分地、优选完全地环绕衬套9的环。环或者填料沿径向被布置在限位凸缘9c与壳体3之间。通过这种方式，填料12被理想地定位并且同时用于衬套9相对于壳体3 的安装或定位。环的限定厚度通过其限位功能来确定衬套9沿轴向的精确位置。
衬套9在焊接前以机械方式被压入壳体3的凹陷部10中。由此实现衬套9的尺寸精确且固定的位置。在此，焊接11首先用于在交替的机械负荷和热负荷下确使衬套9的位置固定。
焊接11在本实用新型的意义上为材料锁合的连接，其中，衬套9 的材料、壳体3的材料以及填料12的材料被熔化并混合。通过填料 12将其他材料引入衬套9和壳体3的焊接11中。
本文中提出，焊接借助激光束产生。使用激光焊接设备(未示出) 是特别有利的，因为其所需的焊接空间小且总能耗低。
焊接11优选在衬套9与壳体3之间的环绕状相邻缝隙13的区域中进行。焊接11形成为区段式的环绕衬套9的接缝。焊接在两个对置的位置或区段处进行。替代性地，也可以存在点状或者完全环绕状的焊接。激光束用于通过合适的方式在相邻缝隙13和/或填料12和/或衬套9处形成焊接11。
在本文中，壳体3和衬套9均由铸造钢构件构成。在此，壳体3 和衬套9分别由耐高温材料制成，从而使得废气门2的区域中的高温排气对构件而言并非临界性的。用于衬套9的可能的材料是第1.4091 号(＝DIN/EN GX150CrNiMoN35-15-3)钢,即碳含量为至少1％的奥氏体可铸造钢。用于壳体3的可能的钢是碳含量为0.3％至0.5％的第 1.4837号(＝DIN/EN GX40CrNiSi25-12)钢。
这种具有高碳含量的钢在不使用填料进行焊接时可能在脆性和断裂强度方面存在问题。因此，本文中使用环作为填料。环由镍含量大于10％的、可良好焊接的合金制成。用于填料或者环的可能材料的实例是第1.4828号(＝DIN/EN X15CrNiSi20-12)钢。
为了优化生产过程而提出的是：将在该衬套中引导的转轴7与枢转臂8的焊接14与该衬套9的焊接11经由同一装夹夹紧实现。尤其，转轴7与枢转臂8可以借助同一焊接装置进行焊接14。
附图标记清单
1 涡轮增压器；
2 调节组件，废气门；
3 壳体；
4 压缩机叶片；
5 涡轮机叶片；
6 阀盘；
7 转轴；
8 枢转臂；
9 衬套；
9a 衬套的圆柱状开孔；
9b 衬套外表面；
9c 限位凸缘；
9d 退刀槽；
10 壳体凹陷部；
11 衬套焊接；
12 填料；
13 衬套与壳体之间的相邻缝隙；
14 转轴焊接。

Claims (14)

1.一种用于内燃机的涡轮增压器，其包括：
壳体(3)；
至少一个从动式压缩机叶片(4)；以及
用于调节涡轮增压器(1)的调节组件(2)，
其中，该调节组件(2)的衬套(9)被固定在该壳体(3)的凹陷部(10)中，
其特征在于，
该衬套(9)通过焊接(11)以材料锁合的方式与壳体(3)相连接。
2.根据权利要求1所述的涡轮增压器，其特征在于，该涡轮增压器还包括至少一个驱动式涡轮机叶片(5)。
3.根据权利要求1所述的涡轮增压器，其特征在于，所述焊接(11)借助激光束产生。
4.根据权利要求1所述的涡轮增压器，其特征在于，所述焊接(11)借助于电子束焊接或金属-惰性气体焊接或钨-惰性气体焊接产生。
5.根据权利要求1所述的涡轮增压器，其特征在于，在所述焊接(11)的区域中设置填料(12)，其中，该填料(12)不同于所述衬套(9)的材料和所述壳体(3)的材料。
6.根据权利要求5所述的涡轮增压器，其特征在于，该填料(12)形成为在该焊接前至少部分地环绕该衬套(9)的环。
7.根据权利要求6所述的涡轮增压器，其特征在于，该填料(12)形成为在该焊接前完全地环绕该衬套(9)的环。
8.根据权利要求5至7中任一项所述的涡轮增压器，其特征在于，该衬套(9)具有限位凸缘(9c)，其中，该填料(12)被布置在该限位凸缘(9c)与壳体(3)之间。
9.根据权利要求5至7中任一项所述的涡轮增压器，其特征在于，壳体(3)或衬套(9)这两者中的至少一者由铸造的钢构件构成。
10.根据权利要求2所述的涡轮增压器，其特征在于，该调节组件(2)包括阀，该阀用于可控地解除涡轮机叶片(5)的负荷。
11.根据权利要求10所述的涡轮增压器，其特征在于，所述阀是排气侧的涡轮机调节阀。
12.根据权利要求10所述的涡轮增压器，其特征在于，所述阀是废气门。
13.根据权利要求1至7中任一项所述的涡轮增压器，其特征在于，在该衬套(9)中引导的转轴(7)与枢转臂(8)的焊接(14)与所述衬套(9)的焊接(11)经由同一装夹夹紧实现。
14.根据权利要求1至7中任一项所述的涡轮增压器，其特征在于，该衬套(9)在焊接前以机械方式被压入壳体(3)的凹陷部(10)中。
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