A kind of tidal type biological aerated filter
Technical field
The utility model relates to technical field of sewage, in particular to a kind of tidal type biological aerated filter.
Background technique
There are mainly two types of the biofilters for being applied to water pollution control currently on the market: traditional biological filter tank and aeration and biological
Filter tank.
Traditional biological filter tank is that light filter material is laid in layering in structures (tower), during sewage sprays from top to bottom,
It is come into full contact with the air of biomembrane on filtrate and bottom-up flowing, sewage is made to obtain a kind of biofilter of purification.The filter
The characteristics of pond, is supplied oxygen using gravity-flow ventilation, Non-energy-consumption but efficiency of oxygen supply is low;Load is lower, and hydraulic loading is in 1.0~3.0m3/
(m2d), BOD5 load is usually in 0.15~0.3kgBOD5/(m3d);Filter tank height is higher, structures height 5m with
On.
Biological aerated filter is a kind of biofilter combined by catalytic oxidation and filtering, using artificial aeration, interval
The measures such as backwash can realize the removal of organic pollutant and suspended matter in a short time.Biological aerated filter is polluted compared to tradition
Biofilter has the advantages such as good purification, residence time short, long service life.But this body structure of filter tank is too high, runs
Aeration quantity is big in journey, and energy consumption is high, complex management;It is big (about the 15~20% of yield) to backwash water requirement.
Summary of the invention
In view of the above-mentioned problems, the purpose of this utility model is to provide a kind of tidal type biological aerated filter, set tradition
The characteristics of biofilter and biological aerated filter, simulates designed by the periodic water level lifting of nature tide, has energy conservation, height
Many advantages, such as effect, controllable nitrification process.
To achieve the goals above, the technical solution adopted in the utility model is as follows:
A kind of tidal type biological aerated filter, filter tank top are equipped with water inlet, are from top to bottom successively arranged main filter in filter tank
Layer and drainage blanket, the main filter bed is interior to fill level-one filtrate, fills second level filtrate, the grain of the second level filtrate in the drainage blanket
Diameter is greater than the partial size of the level-one filtrate, and filter tank bottom is equipped with water outlet, and the water outlet is connected with tide drainage arrangement.
Further, aeration tube, the external air feed equipment of the aeration tube are installed in the drainage blanket.
Further, the bottom of the drainage blanket is installed with collector pipe, and the side in the filter tank is equipped with sump, the collection
One end of water pipe is connected with the water outlet, and the other end is connected with the sump.
In a kind of embodiment, the tide drainage arrangement is siphon pipe, the siphon pipe include it is interconnected into
Water siphon water pipe and water outlet siphon water pipe, the highest point of the siphon pipe are lower than the water level line of filter tank highest liquid level.It is described to catchment
The wall surface of well is equipped with siphon destructive cup, and one end of the water inlet siphon water pipe is protruded into the sump, siphon water pipe of intaking
End be lower than siphon destructive cup, it is described water outlet siphon water pipe end be equipped with water seal.
In another embodiment, the tide drainage arrangement includes water pump, controller and drainpipe, and the water pump is set
In the sump, one end of the drainpipe is connect with the water pump, and the other end is upwardly extended and stretched out outside sump,
High liquid level sensor and low liquid level sensor, the water pump, high liquid level sensor and low liquid level sensing are equipped in the filter tank
Device is connected with the controller in a signal way. respectively.
Preferably, the water pump is low lift and large flow rate axial-flow pump.
Further, the top of the main filter bed is muddy water mixed layer, is equipped with sewage in the muddy water mixed layer and mixes
Liquid tapping equipment, the sewage mixed liquor tapping equipment are connected by return pipe with sedimentation basin, and the top of the sedimentation basin passes through
Pipeline is connected with the water inlet in filter tank, and the bottom of the sedimentation basin is equipped with sewage pipe.
Wherein, the sewage mixed liquor tapping equipment is reflux pump.
Wherein, the sewage mixed liquor tapping equipment is air lift mud pump, and the air lift mud pump passes through tracheae and institute
It states air feed equipment to be connected, the tracheae is equipped with the ball valve for adjusting air quantity.
Wherein, the air feed equipment is air blower or air compressor.
Further, the top of the muddy water mixed layer is equipped with the overflow port for discharging suspended matter.When in tide filter tank
When liquid level rises to sludge overflow port, sewage mixed liquor by narrow slit type overflow port discharge or flow back, avoid filter tank because suspend
Object and while block, realize the discharge accumulation of biofilter excess sludge.
Further, the level-one filtrate is the volcanic rock or biological ceramic particle of partial size 5-8mm.
Further, the second level filtrate is thickness 100-200mm, the gravel or thickness 200- of partial size 8-16mm
The gravel or cobble of 300mm, partial size 16-32mm.
The utility model has the following beneficial effects:
1, by the way of top continuum micromeehanics, underclearance water outlet, filter tank bottom connects siphon pipe or the big stream of low lift
Axial-flow pump is measured, the periodical big yield draining of realization makes slowly storage again after water body fast evacuation, liquid level presentation tidal type in filter tank
Periodically fluctuation up and down.
2, main filter bed at tidal section and floods section by the plane separation where siphon destructive cup or low liquid level sensor, tide
When the water fast evacuation of nighttide section, air is inhaled into inside filter bed, and oxygen rapidly enters the liquid film of filtrate by effect of mass transmitting, is provided
Oxygen necessary to biomembrane degradation of organic substances and Ammonia Nitrification.The far super efficiency of oxygen supply for flooding aeration of this offering oxygen way, so subtracts
The tolerance of few artificial aeration, reduces operating cost;By field test, in the case where identical ammonia nitrogen removal frank, tidal section ratio
Flood the aeration quantity that section saves about 50~80%.
3, when the water fast evacuation of tidal section, a section water level rapid decrease is flooded in tide filter tank, can reach 60m/h
High flow rate can promote falling off and updating for biomembrane, enhance clean-up effect, reachable by test tide filter tank NH3-N load
0.8-1.2kgNH3-N/m3·d。
4, tidal section in filter tank can control by the air inflow of Liquid level or siphon pipe and floods the ratio of section, in conjunction with
The aeration quantity of air blower, and then control the process of nitrification.When system needs 100% nitrification, section control is flooded in minimum value, is exposed
Tolerance is adjusted to maximum value;When system degree of nitration needs to reduce formula, then it can be improved and flood section, reduce tidal section, with reducing
Tolerance.
5, the draining of this filter tank bottom setting is aerated layer, while drainpipe, aeration tube is arranged, with bulky grain filtrate
Filling increases the stability of supporting layer to realize the requirement of its secondary uniform water distribution, distribution, and effectively reduces height,
So that this filter tank is more easily implemented equipmentization manufacture, transport.
6, when this filter tank water level is lower, blower export pressure is reduced, and aeration quantity increases;When water level rises, air blower
Outlet pressure increases, and tolerance is reduced, and so realizes the recurrent pulses being aerated inside filter tank, accelerates falling off for biomembrane.When
Inflow increases, and water-level fluctuation frequency increases, and aeration pulse frequency increases the self-control, it can be achieved that system.
Detailed description of the invention
Fig. 1 is the structural schematic diagram of embodiment one.
Fig. 2 is the structural schematic diagram of embodiment two.
Fig. 3 is the structural schematic diagram of embodiment three.
Fig. 4 is the structural schematic diagram of example IV.
Primary clustering symbol description: 1, filter tank;10, water inlet;100, water outlet;101, main filter bed;102, drainage blanket;
103, muddy water mixed layer;11, sludge reflux mouth;12, collector pipe;13, sump;14, aeration tube;15, siphon pipe;151, it intakes
Siphon water pipe;152, it is discharged siphon water pipe;153, siphon destructive cup;16, water seal;171, water pump;172, controller;173, it drains
Pipe;18, high liquid level sensor;19, low liquid level sensor;110, reflux pump;111, return pipe;112, air lift mud pump;113,
Tracheae;114, ball valve;115, delivery pipe;2, air blower;3, sedimentation basin;31, sewage pipe.
Specific embodiment
With reference to the accompanying drawings and detailed description, the utility model is described further.
Embodiment one
As shown in Figure 1, a kind of tidal type biological aerated filter, main filter bed 101 and draining are from top to bottom followed successively by filter tank 1
Layer 102, the top of main filter bed 101 are muddy water mixed layer 103, fill level-one filtrate in main filter bed 101.Level-one filtrate can be grain
Diameter is the high-quality volcanic rock of 5-8mm, biological ceramic particle etc., and second level filtrate is filled in drainage blanket 102, and second level filtrate is thickness 100mm,
The gravel or thickness 200mm of partial size 8-16mm, the gravel or cobble of partial size 16-32mm.
It is equipped with water inlet 10 at the top of filter tank 1, water inlet is equipped at water inlet 10 and matches mill weir, 1 bottom of filter tank is equipped with water outlet
100.103 top of muddy water mixed layer is equipped with sludge reflux mouth 11, and filter tank 1 is equipped with collector pipe 12, collector pipe in 102 bottom of drainage blanket
12 be plastic tube.The side in filter tank 1 is equipped with sump 13, and sump 13 is connected with collector pipe 12, collector pipe 12 and water outlet
100 are connected.Aeration tube 14 is installed in drainage blanket 102, aeration tube 14 is connect by pipeline with external air blower 2.
Tide drainage arrangement is equipped in sump 13, tide drainage arrangement is siphon pipe 15, and siphon pipe 15 is stainless steel tube,
Siphon pipe 15 is made of interconnected water inlet siphon water pipe 151 and water outlet siphon water pipe 152, and the highest point of siphon pipe 15 is lower than
The water level line of filter tank highest liquid level.Water inlet siphon water pipe 151 protrudes into the bottom of sump 13, certain height on the wall surface of sump 13
Be equipped with siphon destructive cup 153 at degree, the purpose of setting sump 13 be in order to protect siphon destructive cup 153 not by filter clogging,
The end for being discharged siphon water pipe 152 is equipped with water seal 16, to prevent external air from running in siphon pipe 15.
Under the action of gas and water, microbes are attached on the level-one filtrate of main filter bed 101 and form biomembrane.Work as filter
When water level in pond 1 goes up and is higher than the highest point of siphon pipe 15, siphon pipe 15 starts siphonic action, and water level rapid decrease is empty
Gas is inhaled into inside filter bed, and oxygen rapidly enters the liquid film of level-one filtrate by effect of mass transmitting, provides biomembrane degradation of organic substances
With oxygen necessary to Ammonia Nitrification.When water level decreasing to the position of siphon destructive cup 153, siphon effect is destroyed, and siphon stops
Only, water level starts to go up again.Above-mentioned movement is constantly repeated, tidal type periodically fluctuation up and down is presented in the liquid level in filter tank 1.
It is as follows using above-mentioned tidal type biological aerated filter trial operation water quality data:
Embodiment two
The present embodiment and the difference of embodiment one are only that: tide drainage arrangement, tide draining dress are equipped in sump 13
It sets including water pump 171, controller 172 and drainpipe 173, the preferred low lift and large flow rate axial-flow pump of water pump 171, water pump 171 is located at
In sump 13, one end of drainpipe 172 is connect with water pump 171, and the other end is upwardly extended and stretched out outside sump 13.Filter tank
High liquid level sensor 18 and low liquid level sensor 19, controller 172, high liquid level sensor 18 and low liquid level sensor are equipped in 1
19 connect with 171 signal of water pump respectively.The present embodiment rest part structure is the same as example 1.
When the water level in filter tank 1 goes up and reaches the position of high liquid level sensor 18, water pump 171 starts to act, water level
Rapid decrease, air are inhaled into inside filter bed, and oxygen rapidly enters the liquid film of level-one filtrate by effect of mass transmitting, provide biomembrane
Oxygen necessary to degradation of organic substances and Ammonia Nitrification.When water level decreasing to the position of low liquid level sensor 19, water pump 171 stops
Movement, water level start to go up again.Above-mentioned movement is constantly repeated, the periodically upper and lower wave of tidal type is presented in the liquid level in filter tank 1
It is dynamic.
Embodiment three
The present embodiment and the difference of embodiment one are only that: the front end in filter tank 1 is equipped with a sedimentation basin 3, muddy water mixed layer 101
Interior to be equipped with reflux pump 110, reflux pump 110 is connected by return pipe 111 with sedimentation basin 3, and the top of sedimentation basin 3 passes through pipeline and filter
The water inlet 10 in pond 1 is connected, and 3 bottom of sedimentation basin is equipped with sewage pipe 31.The rest part structure of the present embodiment with embodiment one
It is identical.
Sewage mixed liquor and suspended matter in muddy water mixed layer 101 etc. can be evacuated in sedimentation basin 3 by reflux pump 110, be sunk
The sediment that precipitating generates is discharged by sewage pipe 31 in shallow lake pond 3, and supernatant is sent to the water inlet 10 in filter tank 1 by pipeline again
It is recycled.
Example IV
The present embodiment and the difference of embodiment one are only that: the front end in filter tank 1 is equipped with a sedimentation basin 3, muddy water mixed layer 101
Interior to be equipped with air lift mud pump 112, air lift mud pump 112 is connected by tracheae 113 with air blower 2, and tracheae 113 is equipped with for adjusting
Save the ball valve 114 of air quantity.Air lift mud pump 112 is connected by delivery pipe 115 with sedimentation basin 3, and the top of sedimentation basin 3 passes through pipeline
It is connected with the water inlet 10 in filter tank 1,3 bottom of sedimentation basin is equipped with sewage pipe 31.The rest part structure of the present embodiment with implementation
Example one is identical.
Sewage mixed liquor and suspended matter in muddy water mixed layer 101 etc. can be evacuated to sedimentation basin 3 by air lift mud pump 112
Interior, sediment that precipitating generates is discharged by sewage pipe 31 sedimentation basin 3, supernatant by pipeline be sent to again filter tank 1 into
The mouth of a river 10 is recycled.
Although specifically showing and describing the utility model in conjunction with preferred embodiment, those skilled in the art is answered
This is understood, in the spirit and scope for not departing from the utility model defined by the appended claims, in form and details
On the utility model is made a variety of changes, be the protection scope of the utility model.