WO2020133930A1 - High-efficiency biodegradation filter reactor and method using same for treating polluted water - Google Patents

High-efficiency biodegradation filter reactor and method using same for treating polluted water Download PDF

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WO2020133930A1
WO2020133930A1 PCT/CN2019/090523 CN2019090523W WO2020133930A1 WO 2020133930 A1 WO2020133930 A1 WO 2020133930A1 CN 2019090523 W CN2019090523 W CN 2019090523W WO 2020133930 A1 WO2020133930 A1 WO 2020133930A1
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water
reactor
layer
pipe
outlet
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PCT/CN2019/090523
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French (fr)
Chinese (zh)
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王利群
邢汉君
李晶
柯水洲
马德保
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湖南恒凯环保科技投资有限公司
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    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C02TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02FTREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02F3/00Biological treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
    • C02F3/02Aerobic processes
    • C02F3/04Aerobic processes using trickle filters
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C02TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02FTREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02F1/00Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
    • C02F1/001Processes for the treatment of water whereby the filtration technique is of importance
    • C02F1/004Processes for the treatment of water whereby the filtration technique is of importance using large scale industrial sized filters
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C02TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02FTREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02F3/00Biological treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
    • C02F3/006Regulation methods for biological treatment
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C02TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02FTREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02F1/00Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
    • C02F1/006Water distributors either inside a treatment tank or directing the water to several treatment tanks; Water treatment plants incorporating these distributors, with or without chemical or biological tanks
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C02TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02FTREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02F1/00Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
    • C02F1/008Control or steering systems not provided for elsewhere in subclass C02F
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C02TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02FTREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02F2103/00Nature of the water, waste water, sewage or sludge to be treated
    • C02F2103/005Black water originating from toilets
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C02TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02FTREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02F2209/00Controlling or monitoring parameters in water treatment
    • C02F2209/005Processes using a programmable logic controller [PLC]
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C02TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02FTREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02F2209/00Controlling or monitoring parameters in water treatment
    • C02F2209/15N03-N
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C02TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02FTREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02F2209/00Controlling or monitoring parameters in water treatment
    • C02F2209/22O2
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C02TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02FTREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02F2209/00Controlling or monitoring parameters in water treatment
    • C02F2209/42Liquid level
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C02TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02FTREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02F2303/00Specific treatment goals
    • C02F2303/16Regeneration of sorbents, filters
    • YGENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02ATECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02A20/00Water conservation; Efficient water supply; Efficient water use
    • Y02A20/152Water filtration
    • YGENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02WCLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO WASTEWATER TREATMENT OR WASTE MANAGEMENT
    • Y02W10/00Technologies for wastewater treatment
    • Y02W10/10Biological treatment of water, waste water, or sewage

Definitions

  • the invention belongs to the technical field of sewage treatment, and in particular relates to a high-efficiency biodegradation filter reactor and a method for treating black and odorous water body with the same.
  • the pollutants in the water body are converted into ammonia nitrogen, hydrogen sulfide, volatile organic acids and other malodorous substances, iron and manganese under anaerobic and even anaerobic conditions Black substances such as sulfides.
  • the treatment of black and odorous water has become a key area of concern and research for the majority of environmental protection experts.
  • black and odorous water body purification technology and methods include physical method, chemical method and biological ecological method.
  • the physical method mainly includes dredging and dredging, river aeration, water transfer engineering and other technologies.
  • the physical method can reduce the pollutants accumulated in the river channel, enhance the river scouring ability, and effectively reduce the black and odor.
  • the method has obvious short-term effects, but the amount of engineering is large ⁇ High investment cost and poor long-term stability; the more common chemical treatments at this stage mainly include enhanced flocculation, activated carbon, pesticides and algae killing, etc.
  • the chemical treatment has a quick effect in the short term, but the cost of this method is high, and many sediments will be formed.
  • the agent is toxic and often forms secondary pollution; due to the continuous release of nutrients in the sediment of the water body, the increase of various dry and wet settlements on the ground, the physical method and the chemical method cannot fundamentally solve the problem of black odor in the water body.
  • the biological ecological method is widely used in the treatment of black and odorous water bodies, mainly including artificial wetlands, stable ponds, ecological floating islands, aquatic plant purification, and microbial restoration.
  • Microbial remediation is a method to maximize the elimination of pollutants by selecting, concentrating and acclimating microorganisms and creating suitable degradation conditions.
  • the most used microbial remediation methods in the field of black and odorous water treatment are mainly the addition of microbial inoculants.
  • the added microbial inoculants flow with the water body, there is no carrier for growth and adhesion, resulting in low survival rate of microorganisms and insufficient treatment effect. good.
  • immobilized microbial technologies have emerged at the historic moment.
  • the current immobilized microbial technologies have problems such as poor cell stability, single species, and poor symbiosis of multiple microorganisms.
  • the present invention provides a reactor that integrates biodegradable organic matter, denitrification, dephosphorization, and fine suspended solids.
  • the reactor combines the biological reaction zone and the deep filtration zone in a three-dimensional space to realize the integration of the structure. It has the advantages of simple process, compact structure, small footprint, simple management, and low investment.
  • the present invention also provides a method for treating black and odorous water bodies by using the above-mentioned high-efficiency biodegradation filtration reactor.
  • the reactor can be used for side station treatment or circulation treatment of the black and odorous water bodies, thereby solving the pollution problem of the black and odorous water bodies.
  • a high-efficiency biodegradation filtration reactor comprising: a reactor column; a bioreaction zone and a depth filtration zone are arranged inside the reactor column from top to bottom; a boundary between the bioreaction zone and the depth filtration zone There is a separation layer composed of flaky materials; the biological reaction area is provided with a light-weight filler with a particle size of 4 to 8 mm; and the deep filtration area is provided with a filler with a larger specific gravity of a particle size of 1.0 to 2.0 mm ; The specific gravity of the filler in the deep filtration zone is 2.5-3 times the specific gravity of the biological reaction zone.
  • the height of the depth filtration zone is 30%-40% of the height of the biological reaction zone
  • the filler in the deep filtration zone is a quartz sand filter material with a specific gravity between 2.5-2.7 g/cm 3 to form a sand filter layer, and the filler in the biological reaction zone has a specific gravity between 0.9-1.0 A light suspended filler between g/cm 3 to form a suspended filler layer;
  • the separating layer is a melon seed stone layer; the length of the melon seed stone is preferably 10-15 mm; more preferably, the height of the melon seed stone layer is 5%-10% of the height of the biological reaction zone.
  • An aeration device is provided at the bottom of the suspended filler layer
  • the aeration device is a perforated aeration tube arranged within 0.2 m from the bottom edge of the suspended filler layer in the suspended filler layer;
  • the perforated aeration pipes are arranged in a cross shape, the center line of the air holes and the axis of the aeration pipe are at 45°C, and the air holes are evenly distributed along the pipeline;
  • the light suspended filler is made of polystyrene or polyethylene, and a plurality of small rings are connected to form a porous hollow ellipsoid.
  • a suspension filler intercepting plate is provided on the upper part of the reactor, a plurality of cubic protrusions are provided on the upper and lower surfaces of the intercepting plate, and a large number of permeable holes with a diameter of about 2 mm are distributed on the intercepting plate surface and the protruding surface.
  • the bottom of the reactor column is equipped with a water distribution area
  • the upper part of the water distribution area is a supporting layer
  • the upper part of the supporting layer is in contact with the sand filter layer of the depth filter area;
  • a filter plate is provided between the supporting layer and the water distribution area;
  • the supporting layer is pebbles laid on the filter plate, and the pebbles are divided into two layers from top to bottom, the upper layer of pebbles has a particle size of 2-4 mm, and the lower layer of pebbles has a particle size of 4-8 mm.
  • the high-efficiency biodegradation filtration reactor also includes: a backwash system, a carbon source supply system, and an inlet and outlet water system;
  • the backwashing system includes: a backwashing water outlet pipe provided at the upper part of the reactor cylinder, a water distribution pipe and a backwashing water outlet pipe provided at the middle of the reactor cylinder, and an aeration pipe of the aeration device, and A water distribution pipe and an air inlet pipe provided at the bottom of the reactor column to form a gas-water combined backwash; more preferably, the aeration pipe and the air inlet pipe are respectively connected to the air compressor through an external pipe, and the external pipe is provided with There is an intake valve and a gas flow meter that can control the intake air; the water distribution pipe is connected to the outlet pool through an external pipe, and a backwash valve that can control the backwash water distribution is provided on the external pipe;
  • the carbon source supply system includes a carbon source pool and a perforated water pipe disposed in the middle of the reactor column that communicates with the inside of the carbon source pool through an external pipe; more preferably, the carbon source is selected from methanol, acetic acid or Sodium acetate; more preferably, a carbon source valve that can control the flow of the carbon source is provided on the external pipe of the carbon source pool;
  • the water inlet and outlet system includes a water inlet pipe provided at the upper part of the reactor column and a water outlet pipe at the bottom of the reactor column; the water inlet pipe is connected to the original water tank, and the water outlet pipe is preferably connected to the water outlet tank.
  • the inlet pipe is provided with an inlet valve for controlling the inlet water
  • the outlet pipe is provided with an outlet valve for controlling the outlet water; more preferably, a liquid level gauge is provided at the upper part of the column, when the reactor liquid level reaches the height of the liquid level gauge , The water inlet pump stops the water inlet, the backwash pump is turned on, and backwash is automatically performed;
  • the backwash system, the carbon source supply system, and the inlet and outlet water systems are all equipped with PLC controllers, which are respectively connected to the intake valve, the backwash valve, the inlet valve, the outlet valve, and the carbon source valve.
  • the method for treating black and odor water body is characterized in that the black and odor water body is treated by the high-efficiency biodegradation filtration reactor.
  • the method includes: introducing a black and odorous water body from the upper part of the high-efficiency biodegradation filtration reactor into the reactor column through the water inlet pipe of the water inlet and outlet system and sequentially flowing through the suspended packing layer, the separation layer, the sand filter layer, the support layer, Water distribution area for natural hanging of film;
  • the black and odorous water body flows into the outlet pool through the outlet pipe of the inlet and outlet system after flowing through the water distribution area;
  • a certain amount of sludge is inoculated in the suspended filler layer in the biological reaction zone in the reactor column for a week to inoculate the membrane.
  • the inflow rate of the black smelly water body is gradually increased from 20L/h to 80L/h;
  • the inlet flow rate of the black and odorous water body is controlled at 60L/h; the gas-to-water ratio of the device is adjusted to about 0.5:1, and the aeration amount is adjusted to 0.5L/ by the intake valve and the gas flow meter min;
  • the completion of the natural film hanging refers to measuring the removal rate of COD and ammonia nitrogen during the passage of the black and odorous water body. When the COD removal rate reaches 60% and the ammonia nitrogen removal rate reaches 70%, the film hanging is completed.
  • the method further includes: adjusting the gas-water ratio and controlling the carbon source supply by monitoring the dissolved oxygen and nitrate content in the water distribution pipe of the backwash system in the middle of the reactor column during the operation of the high-efficiency biodegradation filtration reactor;
  • the adjustment of the gas-water ratio refers to: when the dissolved oxygen content is greater than 2.5 mg/L, adjust the gas-water ratio to maintain the dissolved oxygen content in the reactor column at 1.0-2.5 mg/L;
  • the controlled carbon source supply means according to the detection result of the nitrate content, when the carbon-to-nitrogen ratio is less than 4, the carbon source supply system is started, and the carbon source supply is only provided to the sand filter layer;
  • the backwash system and the carbon source supply system operate alternately.
  • the method further includes: backwashing every two days during the operation of the high-efficiency biodegradation filtration reactor;
  • the backwashing refers to: using the water in the outlet pool for the combined backwashing of air and water;
  • the gas-water combined backwashing means first air flushing for 3 min, with an intensity of 10 L/(m 2 ⁇ s); then air-water combined flushing for 3 min, with an air-water intensity of 10 L/(m 2 ⁇ s)) ; Last water flush for 10min, the intensity is 10L/(m 2 ⁇ s);
  • the backwashed water returns to the original pool through the outlet pipe of the backwashing system, and then re-enters the device for treatment after settling.
  • the high-efficiency biodegradable filtration reactor of the present invention includes a reactor column 1, a water distribution zone 2 is provided at the bottom of the column 1, the upper part of the water distribution zone 2 is a supporting layer 3, and the upper part of the supporting layer 3 is covered with a sand filter layer 4, sand
  • the upper part of the filter layer 4 is covered with a melon seed stone layer 5, the upper part of the melon seed stone layer 5 is covered with a light suspended filler layer 6, the lower part of the suspended filler layer 6 is provided with a perforated aeration pipe 7 and a water distribution pipe 8, and the reactor also includes an inlet and outlet water system 9.
  • Backwash system 10 carbon source supply system 11 and filler interception plate 12.
  • the supporting layer 3 is in the form of laying pebbles on the filter plate.
  • the pebbles are divided into two layers from top to bottom, the first layer has a particle size of 2-4mm, the second layer has a particle size of 4-8mm, and the supporting layer has a total The height is about 200mm.
  • the sand filter layer 4 uses quartz sand filter material, which has a large specific gravity, a particle size of 1.0-2.0 mm, and a height of the sand filter layer of about 0.8 m.
  • the melon seed stone layer 5 is in the form of a sheet, with a length of 10-15 mm, and the melon seed stone layer is laid with a height of about 0.1 m.
  • the suspension filler layer 6 uses a suspension filler with a lighter specific gravity.
  • the light suspension filler is made of multiple small rings made of polystyrene or polyethylene and connected into a porous hollow ellipsoid with a particle size of 4-8 mm.
  • the suspension filler The floor height is about 2m.
  • the perforated aeration tube 7 for aeration of the filler layer is placed 0.2 m above the bottom end of the suspended filler layer 6.
  • the perforated aeration tube adopts a cross type, and the pores are evenly distributed along the pipeline at an oblique downward direction of 45 °C, which can effectively reduce Risk of blockage of air holes during backwashing of the sand filter layer;
  • the aeration pipe is connected to the air compressor through the air inlet pipe, and an air inlet valve is provided on the air inlet pipe to control the aeration amount of the device.
  • the inlet and outlet water system 9 includes an inlet pipe at the upper part of the column 1 and an outlet pipe at the bottom, and valves are provided on the inlet and outlet pipes; in addition, a liquid level gauge is provided at the upper part of the column, when the reactor liquid level reaches the height of the liquid level gauge When the water inlet pump stops water intake, the backwash pump starts, and backwash automatically.
  • the backwash system 10 includes two backwash points at the bottom and the middle of the cylinder.
  • the backwash uses air-water combined backwash.
  • Bottom backwash backwash water inlet pipe and air inlet pipe are set at the bottom of the column, the backwash gas inlet and filler aeration share the same air compressor at the bottom, and backwash water outlet pipe is set at the top of the cylinder 1; middle backwash: at the bottom of the suspended packing layer
  • a perforated cloth water pipe 8 is provided, and the central gas backwashing and filler aeration share the same perforated aeration pipe and air compressor.
  • the bottom of the cylinder is provided with an air inlet pipe, which is used for backwashing, and only takes in air during backwashing.
  • the carbon source supply system 11 transports the carbon source through a perforated water pipe in the middle.
  • the carbon source used is methanol, acetic acid or sodium acetate, and the amount of carbon source added is controlled according to the amount of nitrate nitrogen entering the sand filter layer.
  • the inlet and outlet water system, backwash system and carbon source supply system of this reactor are all equipped with PLC controllers, which are connected to the intake valve, backflush valve, outlet valve, carbon source valve, etc., respectively.
  • the filler intercepting plate 12 is arranged at the upper part of the suspended filler layer 6 and at the lower part of the water inlet pipe in the water inlet system, and a plurality of cubic protrusions are arranged on the upper and lower surfaces of the intercepting plate, and a large number of apertures are distributed on the surface of the intercepting plate and the convex surface
  • the permeable holes of about 2mm, the protrusions and the permeable holes can greatly increase the permeable flux, which can effectively intercept the filler and reduce the loss of filler during the backwashing process while ensuring the ability of the intercepting plate to pass water.
  • the invention provides a method for treating black and odorous water body.
  • the above-mentioned high-efficiency biodegradation filter reactor is applied, the reactor is placed near the black and odorous water body, and an influent initial settling tank and an effluent water collection tank are provided.
  • the membrane is hung on the device through a combination of two methods: inoculation and natural membrane, that is, a certain amount of sludge is inoculated for one week to inoculate the membrane, and then the black and odorous water body is connected to gradually increase the filtration speed for natural Hanging film. After the film hanging is completed, adjust the gas-to-water ratio of the device to about 0.5:1, and start the inlet pump and air compressor.
  • backwashing is carried out every two days, and the water in the effluent sump is used for gas-water combined backwashing.
  • the specific process is as follows: first gas flushing for 3min, intensity 10L/(m 2 ⁇ s); then gas-water combined Rinse for 3min; finally rinse with water for 10min, the intensity is 10L/(m 2 ⁇ s).
  • the backwashed effluent flows back to the influent primary sedimentation tank, and then enters the device again for settlement after settlement.
  • the reactor adopts a double-layer filler structure, aeration in the middle, and sewage flows downward.
  • the upper light suspended filler structure is easy to form a double sludge system containing biofilm and suspended activated sludge, greatly improving the carbon oxidation and nitrification and denitrification of microorganisms.
  • the gas-water ratio By adjusting the gas-water ratio to 0.5:1, the dissolved oxygen in the suspended filler layer is controlled
  • the content is between 1.0-2.5mg/L.
  • the gap between the biofilm and the filler forms an aerobic environment, an anoxic environment and an anaerobic environment in order from the outside to the inside, creating an aerobic microorganism, nitrifying bacteria
  • the symbiotic environment of nitrifying bacteria and phosphorus accumulating bacteria to form complex microbial processes such as simultaneous nitrification and denitrification, simultaneous denitrification and dephosphorization
  • the effluent from the upper suspended filler layer will bring in some microorganisms, which can further enhance denitrification and denitrification under anoxic conditions.
  • the reactor integrates biodegradable organic matter, denitrification, dephosphorization and removal of fine suspended solids. Compared with the conventional technical means for the treatment of black and odorous water bodies, the reactor has a wider range of effects on water pollutants and greatly saves space. area.
  • the reactor controls the dissolved oxygen of the filler layer to a relatively low level. Compared with conventional biofilm technology, the energy consumption of aeration is relatively low, thereby reducing operating costs .
  • the reactor has a short film acclimation time and strong impact load resistance.
  • the biofilm forms a dormant body. After restarting operation, the biofilm can resume activity in a short time.
  • a water distribution pipe is provided at the bottom of the suspended packing layer, and the carbon source inlet pipe and the backwash inlet pipe are merged into the water distribution pipe through the tee.
  • it serves as a carbon source delivery pipe to selectively supply the carbon source for different black and odorous water quality carbon-to-nitrogen ratios; when the device is backwashed, it is used as a backwash inlet pipe, combined with the bottom of the device
  • the backwashing system realizes the multi-point backwashing of the device to ensure that the double-layer packing can fully backwash.
  • the double-layer filler of this reactor is configured according to the principle of specific gravity, light weight and heavy weight. After backwashing, the double-layer filler can be automatically layered, and the lower quartz sand will not be lost. Compared with the traditional sand filter, the cost of sand supplement is reduced. And the corresponding maintenance and management work; in addition, the structure of light weight and heavy weight does not affect the expansion of the double-layer filler, the backwash is more sufficient, to avoid the problem of plugging of the filler;
  • the reactor selected an appropriate silica sand and suspended filler particle size ratio, on the other hand, filled with 10cm high flaky melon seed flakes at the interface of the double-layer filler, to maintain
  • the device has high water permeability and greatly reduces the plugging phenomenon of the device packing.
  • the reactor of the present invention can form an automation device and technology with high integrity and integration, combined with online monitoring instruments, computer program control, etc., which can ensure the long-term, stable and reliable continuous operation of the overall process.
  • the reactor integrates biodegradable organic matter, denitrification, dephosphorization and removal of fine suspended solids into a highly efficient biodegradation filtration reactor, and the reactor is applied to the treatment of black and odorous water bodies, making class V and inferior class V
  • the surface water body is gradually improved to the water body of class IV or above, which fundamentally solves the pollution problem of black and odorous water body.
  • FIG. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of the present invention.
  • the high-efficiency biodegradation filtration reactor includes: a reactor column 1; a biological reaction is arranged inside the reactor column 1 from top to bottom Zone and deep filtration zone; the boundary between the biological reaction zone and the deep filtration zone is provided with a separation layer composed of flaky materials; the biological reaction zone is provided with a light filler with a particle size of 4-8 mm; The deep filtration zone is provided with a filler with a larger specific gravity of 1.0-2.0 mm in particle size; the specific gravity of the filler in the deep filtration zone is 2.5-3 times that of the biological reaction zone.
  • the advantages of light weight and heavy weight in the biological reaction area and deep filtration area (1)
  • the light and heavy filler structure can fully exert the suspension characteristics of the upper light filler, the filler can be in the suspended state during the operation of the device, and the filler layer is domesticated After the membrane is hung, a double sludge structure containing biofilm and suspended activated sludge can be formed to improve the degradation efficiency of pollutants in the biological reaction zone;
  • the light and heavy filler structure can automatically stratify the double-layer filler after backwashing And the lower layer of quartz sand will not be lost.
  • the height of the depth filtration zone is 30%-40% of the height of the biological reaction zone; the reason for setting this height ratio is that because the device aeration is located in the middle of the double-layer packing, the depth filtration of the lower layer
  • the zone plays the dual role of retaining fine suspended matter and denitrifying denitrification.
  • the upper biological reaction zone is partially denitrified, and some nitrate still enters the lower layer. This high ratio can make the device achieve the best denitrification effect.
  • the filler in the deep filtration zone is quartz sand filter material with a specific gravity between 2.5-2.7 g/cm 3 to form a sand filter layer 4, and the filler in the biological reaction zone has a specific gravity between 0.9- A light suspended filler between 1.0 g/cm 3 forms a suspended filler layer 6; the light suspended filler is selected from ceramsite, polystyrene, and polyethylene.
  • the separating layer is a melon seed stone layer 5; the length of the melon seed stone is preferably 10-15 mm; more preferably, the height of the melon seed stone layer is 5%-10% of the height of the biological reaction zone.
  • this high ratio can ensure a higher water permeability between the filler layers, and does not affect the backwash expansion of the sand rate layer, and ensures the full backwash of the sand rate layer.
  • This high ratio can also better separate the double-layer fillers to prevent the fillers from mixing with each other and affecting the suspension performance of the suspension filler during backwashing.
  • an aeration device is provided at the bottom of the suspended filler layer 6;
  • the aeration device is a perforated aeration tube 7 disposed within 0.2 m from the bottom edge of the suspended filler layer within the suspended filler layer; the advantage of the perforated aeration tube being located at this position is: to ensure the upper light suspended filler layer It has sufficient dissolved oxygen for carbon oxidation and nitrification. At the same time, the dissolved oxygen is consumed through the biological reaction of the 20cm suspended filler layer, which can greatly reduce the dissolved oxygen content entering the lower sand rate layer, make the sand rate layer in an oxygen-deficient environment, and greatly improve denitrification. Denitrification effect.
  • the perforated aeration tube 7 is a plurality of aeration tubes arranged in a cross shape with each other, and a plurality of aeration tubes are integrally arranged in a grid structure, and the center line of the air hole and the axis of the aeration tube are at 45°C And the pores are evenly distributed along the pipeline.
  • the cross-shaped arrangement can make the aeration action range wider and the dissolved oxygen distribution more uniform.
  • the bottom of the reactor column 1 is provided with a water distribution zone 2.
  • the structure of the conventional water distribution zone can be used. The function is to make the backwash inlet water stable and uniform, to avoid the formation of short flow or gully flow and to cause partial backwashing of the double-layer filler, and to reduce the problem of plugging caused by uneven backwashing.
  • the upper part of the water distribution area 2 is a supporting layer 3;
  • the upper part of the supporting layer 3 is in contact with the sand filter layer 4 of the depth filter area;
  • a filter plate is provided between the supporting layer 3 and the water distribution area 2;
  • the supporting layer 3 is pebbles laid on the filter plate, and the pebbles are divided into two layers from top to bottom, the upper layer of pebbles has a particle size of 2-4 mm, and the lower layer of pebbles has a particle size of 4-8 mm.
  • the high-efficiency biodegradation filtration reactor further includes: a backwash system 10, a carbon source supply system 11, an inlet and outlet water system 9, and a filler interception plate 12;
  • the backwashing system 10 includes: a backwashing water outlet pipe 101 provided at the upper part of the reactor column 1, a water distribution pipe provided at the middle of the reactor cylinder and a backwashing water outlet pipe 102, and the exposure of the aeration device
  • the device can realize backwashing at two points of the lower part and the middle part.
  • the middle backwashing water distribution and aeration system can ensure the full backwashing of the upper layer filling.
  • the middle backwashing outlet pipe can make the lower sand rate layer backwashing water directly react. It is discharged in the middle of the vessel to reduce the impact of suspended solids trapped by the sand rate layer on the upper filler.
  • the double-point backwashing system can ensure sufficient backwashing of the double-layer filler, and can selectively backwash the double-layer filler in frequency and strength.
  • the aeration pipe 7 and the intake pipe 103 are respectively connected to the air compressor 104 through an external pipe, and the external pipe is provided with an intake valve 105 and a gas flow meter 106 that can control the intake air;
  • the water pipe 8 is connected to the outlet tank 94 through an external pipe, and a backwash valve 107 that can control the backwashing water distribution is provided on the external pipe;
  • the carbon source supply system 11 includes a carbon source pool 111 and a perforated cloth water pipe 8 disposed in the middle of the reactor column 1 communicating with the inside of the carbon source pool 111 through an external pipe; here the perforated cloth water pipe and the backwashed
  • the water distribution pipe is the same pipe. Since the carbon source supply and backwashing are alternately operated, the same water distribution pipe is used to avoid too many water distribution pipes affecting the operation management of the packing layer.
  • the carbon source is selected from methanol, acetic acid, or sodium acetate; more preferably, a carbon source valve 112 that can control the flow of the carbon source is provided on the external pipe of the carbon source pool.
  • the water inlet and outlet system 9 includes a water inlet pipe 91 provided at the upper part of the reactor column 1 and a water outlet pipe 92 at the bottom of the reactor column; the water inlet pipe 91 is connected to the original water tank 93, and the water outlet pipe 92 Connected to the outlet pool 94; preferably, the inlet pipe 91 is provided with an inlet valve 911 for controlling inlet water, and the outlet pipe 92 is provided with an outlet valve 921 for controlling outlet water; more preferably, the upper part of the column 1 is provided with a liquid
  • the level gauge 95 when the reactor liquid level reaches the level of the level gauge 95, the water inlet pump 912 stops the water inlet, the backwash pump 108 is turned on, and the backwash is automatically performed; the original water tank 93 is used to hold the black and odorous water body to be treated and exit the water tank 94 is used to hold clean water after treatment of black and smelly water.
  • the backwash system 10, the carbon source supply system 11, and the inlet and outlet water system 9 are all equipped with PLC controllers, which are respectively connected to the intake valve 105, the backwash valve 107, the inlet valve 911, the outlet valve 921, carbon
  • the source valve 112 is connected to start and stop the automatic control system.
  • a PLC controller common in the field can be selected and commercially available.
  • the packing intercepting plate is arranged on the upper part of the packing layer 6 of the reactor, and a plurality of cubic protrusions are arranged on the upper and lower surfaces of the intercepting plate, and a large number of permeable holes with a pore size of about 2 mm are distributed on the surface of the intercepting plate and the convex surface.
  • This group of embodiments provides a method for treating black and odorous water bodies, characterized in that the high-efficiency biodegradation filtration reactor according to any one of the first group of embodiments is used to treat black and odorous water bodies.
  • the method includes: introducing a black and odorous water body from the upper part of the high-efficiency biodegradation filtration reactor into the reactor column through the water inlet pipe of the water inlet and outlet system, and sequentially flowing through the suspended packing layer, the separation layer, and the sand Filter layer, supporting layer, water distribution area, natural hanging film;
  • the black and odorous water body flows into the outlet pool through the outlet pipe of the inlet and outlet system after flowing through the water distribution area;
  • a certain amount of sludge is inoculated in the suspended filler layer in the biological reaction zone in the reactor column for a week to inoculate the membrane.
  • the inflow rate of the black and odorous water body is gradually increased from 20L/h to 80L/h; the benefits of controlling in this range are: the corresponding sewage at 20L/h
  • the residence time is suitable for the growth of microorganisms. As the amount of microorganisms increases, the amount of organic matter needs to increase. The flow rate needs to be increased to meet the growth needs of microorganisms. However, excessive flow rates will form strong The scouring effect will instead wash away the microorganisms. Controlling the flow rate in this range will gradually improve the adhesion of microorganisms and stable growth.
  • the inlet flow rate of the black and odorous water body is controlled at 60L/h; the gas-to-water ratio of the device is adjusted to about 0.5:1, and the aeration amount is adjusted to 0.5L/ by the intake valve and the gas flow meter min;
  • This gas-water ratio condition is an innovative setting of the method of the present invention. Compared with the general biofilm treatment technology, the gas-water ratio used in the present invention is relatively low, the aeration energy consumption is relatively low, and the operating cost can be reduced.
  • This step has the following effects on the treatment effect of black and odorous water body: the purpose of adjusting this gas-water ratio condition is to control the dissolved oxygen content of the suspended filler layer to be between 1.0-2.5 mg/L, so as to create an aerobic microorganism, nitrifying bacteria, and denitrification
  • the symbiotic environment of bacteria and phosphorus accumulating bacteria forms complex microbial processes such as simultaneous nitrification and denitrification, simultaneous nitrogen and phosphorus removal, and forms a reactor that integrates biodegradable organic matter, nitrogen and phosphorus removal; at the same time, by suspending the upper layer
  • the control of the dissolved oxygen content of the filler layer makes the dissolved oxygen content of the lower sand rate layer lower, which is easy to form an oxygen-deficient environment, and the sand rate layer further traps the fine suspended matter in the black and odorous water body while further strengthening denitrification and denitrification effect.
  • the completion of the natural film hanging refers to measuring the removal rate of COD and ammonia nitrogen during the passage of the black and odorous water body. When the COD removal rate reaches 60% and the ammonia nitrogen removal rate reaches 70%, the film hanging is completed.
  • the method further includes: monitoring the dissolved oxygen and nitrate content in the water distribution pipe of the backwash system in the middle of the reactor cylinder during the operation of the high efficiency biodegradation filtration reactor to adjust the gas-water ratio and control the carbon source supply;
  • the adjustment of the gas-water ratio means that when the dissolved oxygen content is greater than 2.5 mg/L, the gas-water ratio is adjusted to maintain the dissolved oxygen content in the reactor column at 1.0-2.5 mg/L; the step of adjusting the gas-water ratio is the present invention
  • One of the innovations for the final treatment effect of black and odorous water bodies is as follows: control the dissolved oxygen content of the suspended filler layer between 1.0-2.5mg/L to create an aerobic microorganism, nitrifying bacteria, denitrifying bacteria and phosphorus
  • the symbiotic environment of the bacteria forms complex microbial processes such as simultaneous nitrification and denitrification, simultaneous nitrogen and phosphorus removal, and forms a reactor that integrates biodegradable organic matter, nitrogen and phosphorus removal; at the same time, it dissolves oxygen through the upper suspended filler layer.
  • the control of the content makes the dissolved oxygen content into the lower sand rate layer lower, which is easy to form an anoxic environment, so that the sand rate layer further traps the fine suspended matter in the black and smelly water body and further strengthens the denitrification and denitrification.
  • the control of the carbon source supply means according to the detection result of the nitrate content, when the carbon-to-nitrogen ratio is less than 4, the carbon source supply system is started.
  • supplementary carbon source is a common operation in the field of water treatment
  • the present invention only provides the carbon source supply for the lower sand filter layer, which has never been reported before by the present invention.
  • the advantage of this arrangement is that the use of the lower sand filter layer In the anoxic environment, by supplementing the carbon source, the sand filter layer has the function of denitrification and denitrification to enhance the denitrification effect of the device.
  • the carbon-to-nitrogen ratio is greater than 4, the carbon source supply system does not need to be turned on. This operation can make the device have a better nitrogen removal effect for different black and odorous water quality, and the application is more flexible.
  • the backwash system and the carbon source supply system operate alternately.
  • the carbon source supply system is activated when the device is treating sewage, and the device does not enter the sewage during backwashing, and the carbon source supply system does not operate.
  • the two systems Not both are operated at the same time, but when the two systems are operated separately, the water is distributed through the water distribution pipe in the middle of the reactor.
  • the method further includes: during the operation of the high-efficiency biodegradation filtration reactor, backwashing is performed every two days;
  • the backwashing refers to: using the water in the outlet pool for the combined backwashing of air and water;
  • the gas-water combined backwashing means first air flushing for 3 min, with an intensity of 10 L/(m 2 ⁇ s); then air-water combined flushing for 3 min, with an air-water intensity of 10 L/(m 2 ⁇ s)) ; Finally, the water is flushed for 10 minutes with an intensity of 10L/(m 2 ⁇ s); the air used for air flushing is the air generated by the air compressor; the water used for water flushing is the water in the pond.
  • the backwashed water returns to the original pool through the outlet pipe of the backwashing system, and then re-enters the device for treatment after settling.
  • Backwashing flushes out suspended solids trapped in the filler layer.
  • the backwashed water contains more suspended solids and cannot be directly discharged, so it needs to be returned to the original tank for further treatment.
  • the self-made ⁇ 0.2m ⁇ 4.5m high-efficiency biodegradation filter reactor is mainly composed of reactor column 1, water distribution area 2, supporting layer 3, sand filter layer 4, melon seed stone layer 5, suspended filler layer 6,
  • the perforated aeration pipe 7 and the water distribution pipe 8, and the reactor further includes an inlet and outlet water system 9, a backwashing system 10, a carbon source supply system 11 and a filler intercepting plate 12.
  • the outer shell of the column 1 is made of plexiglass with a thickness of about 5mm, and the DN20 PVC backwash water inlet pipe and the DN5 air inlet hose are connected to the bottom plate of the reactor.
  • a sand filter layer 4 that has the function of intercepting fine suspended solids and denitrification; the upper part of the sand filter layer 4 is filled with melon seed stones 5 with a length of 5-10mm and a height of about 0.1m .
  • the perforated aeration pipe 7 adopts a cross type.
  • the air holes are distributed diagonally down the pipeline at 45°C. press.
  • the water distribution pipe 8 is connected to the backwash pump through the DN20 water pipe, and a tee is provided on the water pipe, and is connected to the carbon source supply system at the same time.
  • the DN20 inlet pipe and the backwash outlet pipe are connected to the top wall of the reactor, thereby completing the overall production and construction of the high-efficiency biodegradation filter reactor.
  • the application method is as follows:
  • the method of inoculating the membrane by inoculating the membrane and the natural membrane is to hang the membrane, that is, inoculate a certain amount of sludge for one week to inoculate the membrane, and then draw the black and smelly water through the submersible pump into the 2m 3
  • the black and odorous water storage tank is transported by the pump to the reactor, and the inlet water flow is adjusted to 20L/h through valves and flow meters, and then the flow is gradually increased to 80L/h for natural film hang.
  • COD and ammonia nitrogen were measured to determine whether the film hanging was completed. When the COD removal rate reached 60% and the ammonia nitrogen removal rate reached 70%, the film hanging was considered complete.
  • the inlet water flow rate is adjusted to 60L/h through the valve and flow meter, the gas-water ratio of the device is adjusted to about 0.5:1, and the aeration amount is adjusted to 0.5L/min through the valve and flow meter on the air pipe.
  • the dissolved oxygen and nitrate content is measured through the backwash water outlet in the middle of the column.
  • the gas-water ratio is adjusted in time to maintain the dissolved oxygen content in the column at 1.0-2.5 Between mg/L; according to the nitrate content measurement result, when the carbon-to-nitrogen ratio is less than 4, the carbon source supply system is started.
  • backwashing is carried out every two days, and the water in the effluent sump is used for gas-water combined backwashing.
  • the specific process is as follows: first air flushing for 3min, intensity 10L/(m 2 ⁇ s); The water is jointly washed for 3 minutes; the final water is washed for 10 minutes, and the intensity is 10L/(m 2 ⁇ s).
  • the backwashed effluent flows back to the black and odorous water storage tank, and then re-enters the device for treatment after settlement.
  • the COD, ammonia nitrogen, total nitrogen, total phosphorus and other indicators of the effluent of the device were compared with the raw water of the black and odorous water body.
  • the reactor effluent indicators were tested every day during the experiment.
  • the experimental detection data is basically stable, the deviation fluctuation range is small, the overall experimental results show that, compared with the raw water of black and odorous water, the removal rate of COD, ammonia nitrogen, total nitrogen and total phosphorus reaches 75%-80 after treatment by the reactor %, 85%-90%, 60%-70%, 50%-60%, experimental effect

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Abstract

A biodegradation filter reactor, which comprises: a reactor cylinder (1). The reactor cylinder (1) is provided therein in a downward sequence with a biological reaction region and a deep filtration region. A separation layer consisting of a sheet-shaped material is provided at the junction between the biological reaction region and the deep filtration region. A lightweight suspended filter of which the particle size is 4-8 mm is provided in the biological reaction region. A filler of a great specific gravity of which the particle size is 1.0-2.0 mm is provided in the deep filtration region. The specific gravity of the deep filtration region filler is 2.5-3 times of the specific gravity of the biological reaction region. Also disclosed is a method employing the filtration reactor for treating polluted water.

Description

一种高效生物降解过滤反应器及用其处理黑臭水体的方法High-efficiency biodegradation filter reactor and method for treating black and smelly water 技术领域Technical field
本发明属于污水处理技术领域,具体涉及一种高效生物降解过滤反应器及用其处理黑臭水体的方法。The invention belongs to the technical field of sewage treatment, and in particular relates to a high-efficiency biodegradation filter reactor and a method for treating black and odorous water body with the same.
背景技术Background technique
随着城镇化步伐的加快和工业化程度的提高,近年来我国废水排放总量呈逐年上升趋势,废水的直排、偷排、漏排等造成河流水体遭到各种形式的污染,许多水体出现季节性或终年黑臭,黑臭水体不仅在色味上给人们带来的不愉悦感,尤其是其污染物最终通过食物链循环进而影响到人们的生活健康。城市河道黑臭主要是过量纳污导致水体供氧和耗氧失衡的结果,水体缺氧乃至厌氧条件下污染物转化并产生氨氮、硫化氢、挥发性有机酸等臭恶臭物质以及铁、锰硫化物等黑色物质。在当前水体污染严重的紧迫形势及政策的促进作用下,近两年,黑臭水体治理已成为广大环保专家积极关注和研究的重点领域。With the acceleration of urbanization and the improvement of industrialization, the total amount of wastewater discharge in China has been increasing year by year in recent years. The direct discharge, stolen discharge, and leakage of waste water have caused various forms of pollution in river water bodies, and many water bodies have appeared. Seasonal or year-round black odor, black odor water body not only brings unpleasant sense of color to people, especially its pollutants will eventually circulate through the food chain and thus affect people's health. The black and odor in urban rivers is mainly the result of the imbalance of oxygen supply and oxygen consumption in the water body due to excessive pollution. The pollutants in the water body are converted into ammonia nitrogen, hydrogen sulfide, volatile organic acids and other malodorous substances, iron and manganese under anaerobic and even anaerobic conditions Black substances such as sulfides. Under the current urgent situation of serious water pollution and the promotion of policies, in the past two years, the treatment of black and odorous water has become a key area of concern and research for the majority of environmental protection experts.
目前城市黑臭水体整治在技术选择方面,仍然按照“控源截污、水质净化、生态修复”的基本技术路线。其中,黑臭水体水质净化技术和方法包括物理法、化学法和生物生态法。物理法主要包括清淤疏浚、河道曝气、调水工程等技术,利用物理方法可以减少河道中积存的污染物,增强河流冲刷能力,有效削减黑臭,该方法短期效果明显,但工程量大、投资成本高且长期稳定性差;现阶段较为常见的化学处理主要有强化絮凝、活性炭、药剂杀藻等,化学处理短期内见效快,但是该方法成本较高,还会形成诸多沉积物,部分药剂具有毒性,往往会形成二次污染;由于水体底泥营养物质的不断释放,地面各种干湿沉降的增加,物理法及化学法不能够从根本上解决水体黑臭问题。生物生态法在黑臭水体治理中的应用十分广泛,主要有人工湿地、稳定塘、生态浮岛、水生植物净化、微生物修复等,人工湿地随着环保要求的提高和环境生物技术的不断发展,微生物修复作为一种环境友好、生态节能、低投资、高效益、运行方便灵活的水体生物修复技术,成为黑臭水体治理技术的研究热点。At present, in terms of technology selection, urban black and odorous water remediation still follows the basic technical route of “source control and pollution interception, water purification, and ecological restoration”. Among them, black and odorous water body purification technology and methods include physical method, chemical method and biological ecological method. The physical method mainly includes dredging and dredging, river aeration, water transfer engineering and other technologies. The physical method can reduce the pollutants accumulated in the river channel, enhance the river scouring ability, and effectively reduce the black and odor. The method has obvious short-term effects, but the amount of engineering is large 、High investment cost and poor long-term stability; the more common chemical treatments at this stage mainly include enhanced flocculation, activated carbon, pesticides and algae killing, etc. The chemical treatment has a quick effect in the short term, but the cost of this method is high, and many sediments will be formed. The agent is toxic and often forms secondary pollution; due to the continuous release of nutrients in the sediment of the water body, the increase of various dry and wet settlements on the ground, the physical method and the chemical method cannot fundamentally solve the problem of black odor in the water body. The biological ecological method is widely used in the treatment of black and odorous water bodies, mainly including artificial wetlands, stable ponds, ecological floating islands, aquatic plant purification, and microbial restoration. With the improvement of environmental protection requirements and the continuous development of environmental biotechnology, artificial wetlands As a kind of environmentally friendly, ecological energy saving, low investment, high benefit, and convenient and flexible water body bioremediation technology, microbial remediation has become a research hotspot of black and odorous water body treatment technology.
微生物修复是一种通过选择、浓缩、驯化微生物并创造合适的降解条件去最大限度地消除污染物质的方法。目前,在黑臭水体治理领域使用较多的微生物修复方法主要是投加微生物菌剂,但由于投加的微生物菌剂随水体流动,没有生长附着的载体,导致微生物存活率低,处理效果欠佳。由此,一些固定化微生物技术也应运而生,目前使用的固定化微生物技术存在菌体稳定性差、菌种单一、多种微生物共生性差等问题。综合分析全国各地的黑臭水体水质情况,呈现有机物、氮、磷等不同程度的污染,其中,氮、磷超标是造成水体富营养化的 主要原因。现有的微生物修复技术脱氮效果不甚理想,很难实现黑臭水体的有机物降解、脱氮、除磷的同步处理,而且铁、锰硫化物等黑色微细物质的形成导致黑臭水体透明度较低,单一的微生物修复对黑臭水体中的微细悬浮物不能进行有效处理。目前关于黑臭水体的治理技术中有机物降解、脱氮、除磷、去除微细悬浮物等过程一般分设在不同的处理单元,运营管理复杂、能耗及投资较大。Microbial remediation is a method to maximize the elimination of pollutants by selecting, concentrating and acclimating microorganisms and creating suitable degradation conditions. At present, the most used microbial remediation methods in the field of black and odorous water treatment are mainly the addition of microbial inoculants. However, because the added microbial inoculants flow with the water body, there is no carrier for growth and adhesion, resulting in low survival rate of microorganisms and insufficient treatment effect. good. As a result, some immobilized microbial technologies have emerged at the historic moment. The current immobilized microbial technologies have problems such as poor cell stability, single species, and poor symbiosis of multiple microorganisms. Comprehensive analysis of the water quality of black and odorous water bodies across the country reveals different degrees of pollution of organic matter, nitrogen, and phosphorus. Among them, excessive nitrogen and phosphorus are the main reasons for the eutrophication of water bodies. The existing microbial remediation technology is not ideal for denitrification, and it is difficult to achieve simultaneous treatment of organic matter degradation, denitrification, and phosphorus removal in black and odorous water bodies, and the formation of black fine materials such as iron and manganese sulfide results in more transparent black and odorous water bodies. Low, single microbial remediation can not effectively deal with fine suspended matter in black and odorous water. At present, the processes of organic matter degradation, denitrification, dephosphorization, and removal of fine suspended solids in the treatment technology of black and odorous water bodies are generally located in different treatment units. The operation and management are complicated, and the energy consumption and investment are relatively large.
发明内容Summary of the invention
本发明为了解决现有技术的上述不足,提供了一种集生物降解有机物、脱氮、除磷及去除微细悬浮物于一体的反应器。该反应器将生物反应区和深度过滤区在立体空间上巧妙结合实现了结构的一体化,具有工艺简捷、结构紧凑、占地少、管理简便、投资省等优点。另外,本发明还提供了一种应用上述高效生物降解过滤反应器处理黑臭水体的方法,可运用上述反应器对黑臭水体进行旁站处理或循环处理,从而解决黑臭水体的污染问题。In order to solve the above-mentioned deficiencies of the prior art, the present invention provides a reactor that integrates biodegradable organic matter, denitrification, dephosphorization, and fine suspended solids. The reactor combines the biological reaction zone and the deep filtration zone in a three-dimensional space to realize the integration of the structure. It has the advantages of simple process, compact structure, small footprint, simple management, and low investment. In addition, the present invention also provides a method for treating black and odorous water bodies by using the above-mentioned high-efficiency biodegradation filtration reactor. The reactor can be used for side station treatment or circulation treatment of the black and odorous water bodies, thereby solving the pollution problem of the black and odorous water bodies.
本发明的技术方案如下:The technical solution of the present invention is as follows:
一种高效生物降解过滤反应器,包括:反应器柱体;所述反应器柱体内部从上至下设有生物反应区和深度过滤区;所述生物反应区和深度过滤区之间的交界处设有薄片状物料组成的分隔层;所述生物反应区内设有粒径4~8mm的轻质填料;所述深度过滤区内设有粒径为1.0~2.0mm的比重较大的填料;所述深度过滤区填料比重是所述生物反应区比重的2.5-3倍。A high-efficiency biodegradation filtration reactor, comprising: a reactor column; a bioreaction zone and a depth filtration zone are arranged inside the reactor column from top to bottom; a boundary between the bioreaction zone and the depth filtration zone There is a separation layer composed of flaky materials; the biological reaction area is provided with a light-weight filler with a particle size of 4 to 8 mm; and the deep filtration area is provided with a filler with a larger specific gravity of a particle size of 1.0 to 2.0 mm ; The specific gravity of the filler in the deep filtration zone is 2.5-3 times the specific gravity of the biological reaction zone.
所述深度过滤区高度是所述生物反应区高度的30%-40%;The height of the depth filtration zone is 30%-40% of the height of the biological reaction zone;
优选地,所述深度过滤区内的填料为比重介于2.5-2.7g/cm 3之间的石英砂滤料,形成砂滤层,所述生物反应区内的填料为比重介于0.9-1.0g/cm 3之间的轻质悬浮填料,形成悬浮填料层; Preferably, the filler in the deep filtration zone is a quartz sand filter material with a specific gravity between 2.5-2.7 g/cm 3 to form a sand filter layer, and the filler in the biological reaction zone has a specific gravity between 0.9-1.0 A light suspended filler between g/cm 3 to form a suspended filler layer;
更优选地,所述分隔层为瓜子片石层;所述瓜子片石的长度优选10~15mm;更优选地,所述瓜子片石层高度为所述生物反应区高度的5%-10%。More preferably, the separating layer is a melon seed stone layer; the length of the melon seed stone is preferably 10-15 mm; more preferably, the height of the melon seed stone layer is 5%-10% of the height of the biological reaction zone.
所述悬浮填料层底部设有曝气装置;An aeration device is provided at the bottom of the suspended filler layer;
优选地,所述曝气装置为设置在悬浮填料层内距悬浮填料层底部边缘0.2m处的穿孔曝气管;Preferably, the aeration device is a perforated aeration tube arranged within 0.2 m from the bottom edge of the suspended filler layer in the suspended filler layer;
更优选地,穿孔曝气管呈十字交叉型布设,气孔的中心线与曝气管的轴线呈45℃,且气孔沿管线均匀分布;More preferably, the perforated aeration pipes are arranged in a cross shape, the center line of the air holes and the axis of the aeration pipe are at 45°C, and the air holes are evenly distributed along the pipeline;
优选地,所述轻质悬浮填料由聚苯乙烯或聚乙烯制作成的多个小圆环连接成多孔中空椭球体。Preferably, the light suspended filler is made of polystyrene or polyethylene, and a plurality of small rings are connected to form a porous hollow ellipsoid.
优选地,在反应器上部设置悬浮填料拦截板,拦截板上下表面上设置多个立方体凸起,在拦截板表面及凸起表面均分布大量的孔径约2mm透水孔。Preferably, a suspension filler intercepting plate is provided on the upper part of the reactor, a plurality of cubic protrusions are provided on the upper and lower surfaces of the intercepting plate, and a large number of permeable holes with a diameter of about 2 mm are distributed on the intercepting plate surface and the protruding surface.
反应器柱体的最底部设有配水区;The bottom of the reactor column is equipped with a water distribution area;
优选地,所述配水区上部为承托层;Preferably, the upper part of the water distribution area is a supporting layer;
更优选地,所述承托层上部与深度过滤区的砂滤层相接;More preferably, the upper part of the supporting layer is in contact with the sand filter layer of the depth filter area;
优选地,所述承托层与所述配水区之间设有滤板;Preferably, a filter plate is provided between the supporting layer and the water distribution area;
更优选地,所述承托层为所述滤板上铺设的鹅卵石,且鹅卵石从上至下分为两层,上层鹅卵石粒径为2-4mm,下层鹅卵石粒径为4-8mm。More preferably, the supporting layer is pebbles laid on the filter plate, and the pebbles are divided into two layers from top to bottom, the upper layer of pebbles has a particle size of 2-4 mm, and the lower layer of pebbles has a particle size of 4-8 mm.
所述高效生物降解过滤反应器还包括:反冲洗系统、碳源供给系统、进出水系统;The high-efficiency biodegradation filtration reactor also includes: a backwash system, a carbon source supply system, and an inlet and outlet water system;
优选地,所述反冲洗系统包括:设置在反应器柱体上部的反冲洗出水管、设置在反应器柱体中部的布水管及反冲洗出水管、所述曝气装置的曝气管,以及设置在反应器柱体底部的布水管、进气管,以形成气水联合反冲洗;更优选地,所述曝气管、进气管分别通过外接管道与空压机相连接,且外接管道上设有可控制进气的进气阀和气体流量计;所述布水管通过外接管道与出水池相连接,且外接管道上设有可控制反冲洗布水的反冲阀;Preferably, the backwashing system includes: a backwashing water outlet pipe provided at the upper part of the reactor cylinder, a water distribution pipe and a backwashing water outlet pipe provided at the middle of the reactor cylinder, and an aeration pipe of the aeration device, and A water distribution pipe and an air inlet pipe provided at the bottom of the reactor column to form a gas-water combined backwash; more preferably, the aeration pipe and the air inlet pipe are respectively connected to the air compressor through an external pipe, and the external pipe is provided with There is an intake valve and a gas flow meter that can control the intake air; the water distribution pipe is connected to the outlet pool through an external pipe, and a backwash valve that can control the backwash water distribution is provided on the external pipe;
优选地,所述碳源供给系统包括碳源池以及通过外接管道与碳源池内部连通的设置在反应器柱体中部的穿孔布水管;更优选地,所述碳源选自甲醇、乙酸或乙酸钠;更优选地,所述碳源池的外接管道上设有可控制碳源流动的碳源阀;Preferably, the carbon source supply system includes a carbon source pool and a perforated water pipe disposed in the middle of the reactor column that communicates with the inside of the carbon source pool through an external pipe; more preferably, the carbon source is selected from methanol, acetic acid or Sodium acetate; more preferably, a carbon source valve that can control the flow of the carbon source is provided on the external pipe of the carbon source pool;
优选地,所述进出水系统包括设置在反应器柱体上部的进水管及反应器柱体最底部的出水管;所述进水管与原水池连接,所述出水管与出水池连接优选地,所述进水管上设有控制进水的进水阀,出水管上设有控制出水的出水阀;更优选地,柱体上部设置有液位计,当反应器液位到达液位计高度时,进水泵停止进水,反冲洗泵开启,自动进行反冲洗;Preferably, the water inlet and outlet system includes a water inlet pipe provided at the upper part of the reactor column and a water outlet pipe at the bottom of the reactor column; the water inlet pipe is connected to the original water tank, and the water outlet pipe is preferably connected to the water outlet tank. The inlet pipe is provided with an inlet valve for controlling the inlet water, and the outlet pipe is provided with an outlet valve for controlling the outlet water; more preferably, a liquid level gauge is provided at the upper part of the column, when the reactor liquid level reaches the height of the liquid level gauge , The water inlet pump stops the water inlet, the backwash pump is turned on, and backwash is automatically performed;
更优选地,所述反冲洗系统、碳源供给系统、进出水系统均安装有PLC控制器,分别与进气阀、反冲阀、进水阀、出水阀、碳源阀相连接。More preferably, the backwash system, the carbon source supply system, and the inlet and outlet water systems are all equipped with PLC controllers, which are respectively connected to the intake valve, the backwash valve, the inlet valve, the outlet valve, and the carbon source valve.
用于处理黑臭水体的方法,其特征在于,采用所述的高效生物降解过滤反应器对黑臭水体进行处理。The method for treating black and odor water body is characterized in that the black and odor water body is treated by the high-efficiency biodegradation filtration reactor.
所述方法包括:将黑臭水体从所述高效生物降解过滤反应器的上部通过进出水系统的进水管引入反应器柱体内依次流经悬浮填料层、分隔层、砂滤层、承托层、配水区,进行自然挂膜;The method includes: introducing a black and odorous water body from the upper part of the high-efficiency biodegradation filtration reactor into the reactor column through the water inlet pipe of the water inlet and outlet system and sequentially flowing through the suspended packing layer, the separation layer, the sand filter layer, the support layer, Water distribution area for natural hanging of film;
优选地,所述黑臭水体流经配水区后通过进出水系统的出水管进入出水池;Preferably, the black and odorous water body flows into the outlet pool through the outlet pipe of the inlet and outlet system after flowing through the water distribution area;
更优选地,在将黑臭水体引入反应器之前,在所述反应器柱体内生物反应区的悬浮填料层接种一定量的污泥闷曝一周进行接种挂膜。More preferably, before introducing the black and odorous water body into the reactor, a certain amount of sludge is inoculated in the suspended filler layer in the biological reaction zone in the reactor column for a week to inoculate the membrane.
所述自然挂膜完成之前,所述黑臭水体的进水流量由20L/h逐步提高到80L/h;Before the completion of the natural hanging film, the inflow rate of the black smelly water body is gradually increased from 20L/h to 80L/h;
所述自然挂膜完成之后,所述黑臭水体的进水流量控制在60L/h;调整装置气水比到约 0.5:1,通过进气阀及气体流量计调整曝气量为0.5L/min;After the natural hanging film is completed, the inlet flow rate of the black and odorous water body is controlled at 60L/h; the gas-to-water ratio of the device is adjusted to about 0.5:1, and the aeration amount is adjusted to 0.5L/ by the intake valve and the gas flow meter min;
所述自然挂膜完成指,通入黑臭水体期间测定COD及氨氮去除率,当COD去除率达到60%、氨氮去除率达到70%时,挂膜完成。The completion of the natural film hanging refers to measuring the removal rate of COD and ammonia nitrogen during the passage of the black and odorous water body. When the COD removal rate reaches 60% and the ammonia nitrogen removal rate reaches 70%, the film hanging is completed.
所述方法,还包括:高效生物降解过滤反应器运行期间通过监测反应器柱体中部的反冲洗系统的布水管内溶解氧及硝酸盐含量调整气水比及控制碳源供给;The method further includes: adjusting the gas-water ratio and controlling the carbon source supply by monitoring the dissolved oxygen and nitrate content in the water distribution pipe of the backwash system in the middle of the reactor column during the operation of the high-efficiency biodegradation filtration reactor;
所述调整气水比指:当溶解氧含量大于2.5mg/L时,调整气水比使反应器柱体内溶解氧含量维持在1.0-2.5mg/L;The adjustment of the gas-water ratio refers to: when the dissolved oxygen content is greater than 2.5 mg/L, adjust the gas-water ratio to maintain the dissolved oxygen content in the reactor column at 1.0-2.5 mg/L;
所述控制碳源供给指:根据硝酸盐含量检测结果,当碳氮比小于4时,启动碳源供给系统,且仅向砂滤层提供碳源供给;The controlled carbon source supply means: according to the detection result of the nitrate content, when the carbon-to-nitrogen ratio is less than 4, the carbon source supply system is started, and the carbon source supply is only provided to the sand filter layer;
优选地,所述反冲洗系统、碳源供给系统交替运行。Preferably, the backwash system and the carbon source supply system operate alternately.
所述方法,还包括:高效生物降解过滤反应器运行期间,每两天进行一次反冲洗;The method further includes: backwashing every two days during the operation of the high-efficiency biodegradation filtration reactor;
优选地,所述反冲洗指:采用出水池中的水进行气水联合反冲洗;Preferably, the backwashing refers to: using the water in the outlet pool for the combined backwashing of air and water;
更优选地,所述气水联合反冲洗指:先气冲3min,强度为10L/(m 2·s);然后气水联合冲3min,气水强度均为10L/(m 2·s));最后水冲10min,强度为10L/(m 2·s); More preferably, the gas-water combined backwashing means: first air flushing for 3 min, with an intensity of 10 L/(m 2 ·s); then air-water combined flushing for 3 min, with an air-water intensity of 10 L/(m 2 ·s)) ; Last water flush for 10min, the intensity is 10L/(m 2 ·s);
更优选地,所述反冲洗的水通过反冲洗系统的出水管回流至原水池,经沉降后重新进入装置进行处理。More preferably, the backwashed water returns to the original pool through the outlet pipe of the backwashing system, and then re-enters the device for treatment after settling.
本发明的高效生物降解过滤反应器,包括反应器柱体1,柱体1底部设有配水区2,配水区2上部为承托层3,承托层3上部覆盖有砂滤层4,砂滤层4上部覆盖有瓜子片石层5,瓜子片石层5上部覆盖有轻质悬浮填料层6,悬浮填料层6下部设有穿孔曝气管7及布水管8,另外反应器还包括进出水系统9、反冲洗系统10、碳源供给系统11及填料拦截板12。The high-efficiency biodegradable filtration reactor of the present invention includes a reactor column 1, a water distribution zone 2 is provided at the bottom of the column 1, the upper part of the water distribution zone 2 is a supporting layer 3, and the upper part of the supporting layer 3 is covered with a sand filter layer 4, sand The upper part of the filter layer 4 is covered with a melon seed stone layer 5, the upper part of the melon seed stone layer 5 is covered with a light suspended filler layer 6, the lower part of the suspended filler layer 6 is provided with a perforated aeration pipe 7 and a water distribution pipe 8, and the reactor also includes an inlet and outlet water system 9. Backwash system 10, carbon source supply system 11 and filler interception plate 12.
所述承托层3采用在滤板上铺设鹅卵石的形式,鹅卵石从上至下分为两层,第一层粒径为2-4mm,第二层粒径为4-8mm,承托层总高度约200mm。The supporting layer 3 is in the form of laying pebbles on the filter plate. The pebbles are divided into two layers from top to bottom, the first layer has a particle size of 2-4mm, the second layer has a particle size of 4-8mm, and the supporting layer has a total The height is about 200mm.
所述砂滤层4采用石英砂滤料,比重较大,粒径1.0~2.0mm,砂滤层高度约为0.8m。The sand filter layer 4 uses quartz sand filter material, which has a large specific gravity, a particle size of 1.0-2.0 mm, and a height of the sand filter layer of about 0.8 m.
所述瓜子片石层5采用薄片状的,长度10~15mm,瓜子片石层铺设高度约0.1m。The melon seed stone layer 5 is in the form of a sheet, with a length of 10-15 mm, and the melon seed stone layer is laid with a height of about 0.1 m.
所述悬浮填料层6采用比重较轻的悬浮填料,所述轻质悬浮填料由聚苯乙烯或聚乙烯制作成的多个小圆环连接成多孔中空椭球体,粒径4~8mm,悬浮填料层高度约2m。The suspension filler layer 6 uses a suspension filler with a lighter specific gravity. The light suspension filler is made of multiple small rings made of polystyrene or polyethylene and connected into a porous hollow ellipsoid with a particle size of 4-8 mm. The suspension filler The floor height is about 2m.
所述填料层曝气用穿孔曝气管7置于悬浮填料层6最底端上方0.2m处,穿孔曝气管采用十字交叉型,气孔呈45℃斜向下沿管线均匀分布,可有效减少砂滤层反冲洗过程中对气孔的堵塞风险;曝气管通过进气管连接空压机,进气管上设有进气阀,进行装置曝气量控制。The perforated aeration tube 7 for aeration of the filler layer is placed 0.2 m above the bottom end of the suspended filler layer 6. The perforated aeration tube adopts a cross type, and the pores are evenly distributed along the pipeline at an oblique downward direction of 45 ℃, which can effectively reduce Risk of blockage of air holes during backwashing of the sand filter layer; the aeration pipe is connected to the air compressor through the air inlet pipe, and an air inlet valve is provided on the air inlet pipe to control the aeration amount of the device.
所述进出水系统9包括柱体1上部的进水管及最底部的出水管,进出水管上均设有阀门; 另外,柱体上部设置有液位计,当反应器液位到达液位计高度时,进水泵停止进水,反冲洗泵开启,自动进行反冲洗。The inlet and outlet water system 9 includes an inlet pipe at the upper part of the column 1 and an outlet pipe at the bottom, and valves are provided on the inlet and outlet pipes; in addition, a liquid level gauge is provided at the upper part of the column, when the reactor liquid level reaches the height of the liquid level gauge When the water inlet pump stops water intake, the backwash pump starts, and backwash automatically.
所述反冲洗系统10包括柱体底部及中部两个反冲洗点位,反冲洗采用气水联合反冲洗。底部反冲洗:柱体底部设置反冲洗进水管及进气管,底部反冲洗进气与填料曝气共用一个空压机,柱体1上部设置反冲洗出水管;中部反冲洗:在悬浮填料层下部设置穿孔布水管8,中部气反冲洗与填料曝气共用同一个穿孔曝气管及空压机。柱体底部设进气管,是用于反冲洗的气冲,只在反冲洗气冲时进气。The backwash system 10 includes two backwash points at the bottom and the middle of the cylinder. The backwash uses air-water combined backwash. Bottom backwash: backwash water inlet pipe and air inlet pipe are set at the bottom of the column, the backwash gas inlet and filler aeration share the same air compressor at the bottom, and backwash water outlet pipe is set at the top of the cylinder 1; middle backwash: at the bottom of the suspended packing layer A perforated cloth water pipe 8 is provided, and the central gas backwashing and filler aeration share the same perforated aeration pipe and air compressor. The bottom of the cylinder is provided with an air inlet pipe, which is used for backwashing, and only takes in air during backwashing.
所述碳源供给系统11通过中部的穿孔布水管进行输送碳源,所采用碳源是甲醇、乙酸或乙酸钠,根据进入砂滤层的硝酸氮量来控制碳源投加量。The carbon source supply system 11 transports the carbon source through a perforated water pipe in the middle. The carbon source used is methanol, acetic acid or sodium acetate, and the amount of carbon source added is controlled according to the amount of nitrate nitrogen entering the sand filter layer.
本反应器的进出水系统、反冲洗系统及碳源供给系统均安装有PLC控制器,分别与进气阀、反冲阀、出水阀、碳源阀等相连接。The inlet and outlet water system, backwash system and carbon source supply system of this reactor are all equipped with PLC controllers, which are connected to the intake valve, backflush valve, outlet valve, carbon source valve, etc., respectively.
所述填料拦截板12,设置在悬浮填料层6的上部,进水系统中进水管的下部,拦截板上下表面上设置多个立方体凸起,在拦截板表面及凸起表面均分布大量的孔径约2mm的透水孔,凸起及透水孔的设置可大大增加透水通量,在反冲洗过程中保障拦截板过水能力的同时有效拦截填料,减少填料的流失。The filler intercepting plate 12 is arranged at the upper part of the suspended filler layer 6 and at the lower part of the water inlet pipe in the water inlet system, and a plurality of cubic protrusions are arranged on the upper and lower surfaces of the intercepting plate, and a large number of apertures are distributed on the surface of the intercepting plate and the convex surface The permeable holes of about 2mm, the protrusions and the permeable holes can greatly increase the permeable flux, which can effectively intercept the filler and reduce the loss of filler during the backwashing process while ensuring the ability of the intercepting plate to pass water.
本发明一种黑臭水体治理方法,应用上述的高效生物降解过滤反应器,将反应器置于黑臭水体附近,并设置一个进水初沉池及一个出水集水池。通过接种挂膜及自然挂膜两种方式相结合的方法对装置进行挂膜,即先接种一定量的污泥闷曝一周进行接种挂膜,再接入黑臭水体,逐步提高滤速进行自然挂膜。挂膜完成后,调整装置气水比到约0.5:1,启动进水泵及空压机即可。装置稳定运行之后每两天进行一次反冲洗,采用出水集水池中的水进行气水联合反冲洗,具体过程为:先气冲3min,强度为10L/(m 2·s);然后气水联合冲3min;最后水冲10min,强度为10L/(m 2·s)。反冲洗出水回流至进水初沉池,经沉降后重新进入装置进行处理。 The invention provides a method for treating black and odorous water body. The above-mentioned high-efficiency biodegradation filter reactor is applied, the reactor is placed near the black and odorous water body, and an influent initial settling tank and an effluent water collection tank are provided. The membrane is hung on the device through a combination of two methods: inoculation and natural membrane, that is, a certain amount of sludge is inoculated for one week to inoculate the membrane, and then the black and odorous water body is connected to gradually increase the filtration speed for natural Hanging film. After the film hanging is completed, adjust the gas-to-water ratio of the device to about 0.5:1, and start the inlet pump and air compressor. After the device runs stably, backwashing is carried out every two days, and the water in the effluent sump is used for gas-water combined backwashing. The specific process is as follows: first gas flushing for 3min, intensity 10L/(m 2 ·s); then gas-water combined Rinse for 3min; finally rinse with water for 10min, the intensity is 10L/(m 2 ·s). The backwashed effluent flows back to the influent primary sedimentation tank, and then enters the device again for settlement after settlement.
本发明的原理与优势是:The principles and advantages of the present invention are:
本反应器采用双层填料结构,中部曝气,污水呈下向流。上部轻质悬浮填料结构易于形成含有生物膜及悬浮活性污泥的双污泥系统,大大提高微生物的碳氧化及硝化反硝化作用,通过调节气水比至0.5:1,控制悬浮填料层溶解氧含量在1.0-2.5mg/L之间,在此临界条件下,生物膜及填料间隙由外至内依次形成好氧环境、缺氧环境、厌氧环境,营造一个好氧微生物、硝化细菌、反硝化细菌及聚磷菌的共生环境,以形成同步硝化反硝化、同步脱氮除磷等复杂的微生物作用过程;下部石英砂填料结构可深度截留黑臭水体中的微细悬浮物,同时砂滤层处于缺氧环境,在运行过程中,上部悬浮填料层出水会带入部分微生物,微生物在缺氧条件下可进一步强化反硝化脱氮作用。The reactor adopts a double-layer filler structure, aeration in the middle, and sewage flows downward. The upper light suspended filler structure is easy to form a double sludge system containing biofilm and suspended activated sludge, greatly improving the carbon oxidation and nitrification and denitrification of microorganisms. By adjusting the gas-water ratio to 0.5:1, the dissolved oxygen in the suspended filler layer is controlled The content is between 1.0-2.5mg/L. Under this critical condition, the gap between the biofilm and the filler forms an aerobic environment, an anoxic environment and an anaerobic environment in order from the outside to the inside, creating an aerobic microorganism, nitrifying bacteria The symbiotic environment of nitrifying bacteria and phosphorus accumulating bacteria to form complex microbial processes such as simultaneous nitrification and denitrification, simultaneous denitrification and dephosphorization In an anoxic environment, during operation, the effluent from the upper suspended filler layer will bring in some microorganisms, which can further enhance denitrification and denitrification under anoxic conditions.
本反应器集生物降解有机物、脱氮、除磷及去除微细悬浮物于一体,相比黑臭水体治理的常规技术手段,本反应器对水体污染物的作用范围更广,且大大节省占地面积。The reactor integrates biodegradable organic matter, denitrification, dephosphorization and removal of fine suspended solids. Compared with the conventional technical means for the treatment of black and odorous water bodies, the reactor has a wider range of effects on water pollutants and greatly saves space. area.
本反应器为营造好氧、缺氧、厌氧的共存环境,将填料层的溶解氧控制在相对较低的水平,相比常规生物膜技术,曝气能耗相对较低,从而降低运营成本。In order to create an aerobic, anoxic, and anaerobic coexistence environment, the reactor controls the dissolved oxygen of the filler layer to a relatively low level. Compared with conventional biofilm technology, the energy consumption of aeration is relatively low, thereby reducing operating costs .
本反应器挂膜驯化时间短,耐冲击负荷能力强,在装置停止运行时,生物膜形成休眠体,在重新开始运行后,生物膜可在短时间恢复活性。The reactor has a short film acclimation time and strong impact load resistance. When the device stops operating, the biofilm forms a dormant body. After restarting operation, the biofilm can resume activity in a short time.
在悬浮填料层的底部设置布水管,碳源进水管道和反冲洗进水管道通过三通汇入布水管。在装置正常运行时,作为碳源输送管,针对不同的黑臭水体水质碳氮比情况,选择性的进行碳源的供给;在装置进行反冲洗时,作为反冲洗进水管,结合装置底部的反冲洗系统实现装置的多点位反冲洗,保证双层填料均能充分反冲洗。A water distribution pipe is provided at the bottom of the suspended packing layer, and the carbon source inlet pipe and the backwash inlet pipe are merged into the water distribution pipe through the tee. In the normal operation of the device, it serves as a carbon source delivery pipe to selectively supply the carbon source for different black and odorous water quality carbon-to-nitrogen ratios; when the device is backwashed, it is used as a backwash inlet pipe, combined with the bottom of the device The backwashing system realizes the multi-point backwashing of the device to ensure that the double-layer packing can fully backwash.
本反应器的双层填料按照比重上轻下重的原则进行配置,反冲洗后双层填料可自动分层,且下层石英砂不会流失,相比传统的砂滤池,减少补砂的成本及相应的维护管理工作;另外,上轻下重的结构不影响双层填料的膨胀,反冲洗更充分,避免填料堵塞问题;The double-layer filler of this reactor is configured according to the principle of specific gravity, light weight and heavy weight. After backwashing, the double-layer filler can be automatically layered, and the lower quartz sand will not be lost. Compared with the traditional sand filter, the cost of sand supplement is reduced. And the corresponding maintenance and management work; in addition, the structure of light weight and heavy weight does not affect the expansion of the double-layer filler, the backwash is more sufficient, to avoid the problem of plugging of the filler;
为避免双层填料在交界面互相混合,本反应器一方面选择了适当的石英砂及悬浮填料粒径配比,另一方面在双层填料的交界面装填10cm高的薄片状瓜子片石,保持装置高透水性的同时大大降低装置填料的堵塞现象。In order to avoid the double-layer fillers mixing with each other at the interface, on the one hand, the reactor selected an appropriate silica sand and suspended filler particle size ratio, on the other hand, filled with 10cm high flaky melon seed flakes at the interface of the double-layer filler, to maintain The device has high water permeability and greatly reduces the plugging phenomenon of the device packing.
本发明的反应器可以形成一种完整性、集成化程度较高的自动化装置与技术结合在线监测仪器、计算机程序控制等可以保证整体工艺长期、稳定、可靠地连续运行。所述反应器集生物降解有机物、脱氮、除磷及去除微细悬浮物于一体的高效生物降解过滤反应器,并将该反应器应用于黑臭水体的治理,使Ⅴ类、劣Ⅴ类的地表水体逐步改善为Ⅳ类以上的水体,从根本上解决黑臭水体的污染问题。The reactor of the present invention can form an automation device and technology with high integrity and integration, combined with online monitoring instruments, computer program control, etc., which can ensure the long-term, stable and reliable continuous operation of the overall process. The reactor integrates biodegradable organic matter, denitrification, dephosphorization and removal of fine suspended solids into a highly efficient biodegradation filtration reactor, and the reactor is applied to the treatment of black and odorous water bodies, making class Ⅴ and inferior class Ⅴ The surface water body is gradually improved to the water body of class IV or above, which fundamentally solves the pollution problem of black and odorous water body.
附图说明BRIEF DESCRIPTION
图1为本发明的结构示意图。FIG. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of the present invention.
图中标记列示如下:1-反应器柱体,2-配水区,3-承托层,4-砂滤层,5-瓜子片石层,6-悬浮填料层,7-穿孔曝气管,8-布水管,9-进出水系统、91-进水管、911-进水阀、912-进水泵、92-出水管、921-出水阀、93-原水池、94-出水池、95-液位计,10-反冲洗系统、101-上部反冲洗出水管、102-中部反冲洗出水管、103-进气管、104-空压机、105-进气阀、106-气体流量计、107-反冲阀、108-反冲洗泵;11-碳源供给系统、111-碳源池、112-碳源阀、113-碳源泵、12-填料拦截板。The marks in the figure are listed as follows: 1-reactor column, 2-water distribution zone, 3-support layer, 4-sand filter layer, 5-guazi flake layer, 6-suspended filler layer, 7-perforated aeration tube, 8-water distribution pipe, 9-inlet and outlet system, 91-inlet pipe, 911-inlet valve, 912-inlet pump, 92-outlet pipe, 921-outlet valve, 93-primary pool, 94-outlet pool, 95-liquid Position gauge, 10-backwash system, 101-upper backwash outlet pipe, 102-middle backwash outlet pipe, 103-intake pipe, 104-air compressor, 105-intake valve, 106-gas flow meter, 107- Backwash valve, 108-backwash pump; 11-carbon source supply system, 111-carbon source pool, 112-carbon source valve, 113-carbon source pump, 12-filler interception plate.
具体实施方式detailed description
下面结合具体实施例对本发明作进一步的详细说明,下述实施例只是说明性的,并不限制本发明保护范围。下述实施例中所使用的操作步骤如无特殊说明,均为常规操作;所用的零部件、耗材等,如无特殊说明,均可从商业途径得到。The present invention will be further described in detail below with reference to specific embodiments. The following embodiments are only illustrative and do not limit the protection scope of the present invention. The operation steps used in the following embodiments are conventional operations without special instructions; the parts and consumables used, etc., can be obtained from commercial sources without special instructions.
第1组实施例、本发明的高效生物降解过滤反应器 Group 1 example, high-efficiency biodegradable filtration reactor of the present invention
本组实施例提供一种高效生物降解过滤反应器。本组所有的实施例都具备如下共同特征:如图1所示,所述高效生物降解过滤反应器包括:反应器柱体1;所述反应器柱体1内部从上至下设有生物反应区和深度过滤区;所述生物反应区和深度过滤区之间的交界处设有薄片状物料组成的分隔层;所述生物反应区内设有粒径4~8mm的轻质填料;所述深度过滤区内设有粒径为1.0~2.0mm的比重较大的填料;所述深度过滤区填料比重是所述生物反应区比重的2.5-3倍。This group of embodiments provides an efficient biodegradation filtration reactor. All the embodiments in this group have the following common features: As shown in FIG. 1, the high-efficiency biodegradation filtration reactor includes: a reactor column 1; a biological reaction is arranged inside the reactor column 1 from top to bottom Zone and deep filtration zone; the boundary between the biological reaction zone and the deep filtration zone is provided with a separation layer composed of flaky materials; the biological reaction zone is provided with a light filler with a particle size of 4-8 mm; The deep filtration zone is provided with a filler with a larger specific gravity of 1.0-2.0 mm in particle size; the specific gravity of the filler in the deep filtration zone is 2.5-3 times that of the biological reaction zone.
生物反应区和深度过滤区上轻下重的优势:(1)上轻下重的填料结构可充分发挥上层轻质填料的悬浮特性,在装置运行过程中填料可处于悬浮状态,填料层经驯化挂膜后可形成含有生物膜及悬浮活性污泥的双污泥结构,提高生物反应区的污染物降解效率;(2)上轻下重的填料结构可使反冲洗后双层填料自动分层,且下层石英砂不会流失,相比传统的砂滤池,减少补砂的成本及相应的维护管理工作;(3)上轻下重的结构不影响双层填料的膨胀,反冲洗更充分,减少填料堵塞问题;The advantages of light weight and heavy weight in the biological reaction area and deep filtration area: (1) The light and heavy filler structure can fully exert the suspension characteristics of the upper light filler, the filler can be in the suspended state during the operation of the device, and the filler layer is domesticated After the membrane is hung, a double sludge structure containing biofilm and suspended activated sludge can be formed to improve the degradation efficiency of pollutants in the biological reaction zone; (2) The light and heavy filler structure can automatically stratify the double-layer filler after backwashing And the lower layer of quartz sand will not be lost. Compared with the traditional sand filter, it reduces the cost of sand supplement and the corresponding maintenance and management work; (3) The light and heavy structure does not affect the expansion of the double-layer filler, and the backwash is more adequate , To reduce the plugging problem of packing;
在具体的实施例中,所述深度过滤区高度是所述生物反应区高度的30%-40%;设置这种高度配比的原因是:由于装置曝气位于双层填料中部,下层深度过滤区起到截留微细悬浮物及反硝化脱氮的双重作用,上层生物反应区进行部分反硝化,仍有部分硝酸盐进入下层,此高度配比可使装置达到最佳的脱氮效果。In a specific embodiment, the height of the depth filtration zone is 30%-40% of the height of the biological reaction zone; the reason for setting this height ratio is that because the device aeration is located in the middle of the double-layer packing, the depth filtration of the lower layer The zone plays the dual role of retaining fine suspended matter and denitrifying denitrification. The upper biological reaction zone is partially denitrified, and some nitrate still enters the lower layer. This high ratio can make the device achieve the best denitrification effect.
优选地,所述深度过滤区内的填料为比重介于2.5-2.7g/cm 3之间的石英砂滤料,形成砂滤层4,所述生物反应区内的填料为比重介于0.9-1.0g/cm 3之间的轻质悬浮填料,形成悬浮填料层6;所述轻质悬浮填料选自陶粒、聚苯乙烯、聚乙烯。 Preferably, the filler in the deep filtration zone is quartz sand filter material with a specific gravity between 2.5-2.7 g/cm 3 to form a sand filter layer 4, and the filler in the biological reaction zone has a specific gravity between 0.9- A light suspended filler between 1.0 g/cm 3 forms a suspended filler layer 6; the light suspended filler is selected from ceramsite, polystyrene, and polyethylene.
更优选地,所述分隔层为瓜子片石层5;所述瓜子片石的长度优选10~15mm;更优选地,所述瓜子片石层高度为所述生物反应区高度的5%-10%。设置这种高度配比的作用:此高度配比可保证填料层之间较高的透水性,且不影响砂率层反冲洗膨胀,保证砂率层的充分反冲洗。此高度配比还可较好的分隔双层填料,防止反冲洗时填料互相混合影响悬浮填料的悬浮性能。More preferably, the separating layer is a melon seed stone layer 5; the length of the melon seed stone is preferably 10-15 mm; more preferably, the height of the melon seed stone layer is 5%-10% of the height of the biological reaction zone. The effect of setting such a high ratio: this high ratio can ensure a higher water permeability between the filler layers, and does not affect the backwash expansion of the sand rate layer, and ensures the full backwash of the sand rate layer. This high ratio can also better separate the double-layer fillers to prevent the fillers from mixing with each other and affecting the suspension performance of the suspension filler during backwashing.
在一些实施例中,所述悬浮填料层6底部设有曝气装置;In some embodiments, an aeration device is provided at the bottom of the suspended filler layer 6;
优选地,所述曝气装置为设置在悬浮填料层内距悬浮填料层底部边缘0.2m处的穿孔曝气管7;穿孔曝气管设在这个位置的好处是:保证上层轻质悬浮填料层具有充足溶解氧进行碳氧化及硝化作用,同时经过20cm悬浮填料层的生物反应消耗溶解氧,可大大降低进入下层砂率层的溶解氧含量,使砂率层处于缺氧环境,大大提高反硝化脱氮效果。Preferably, the aeration device is a perforated aeration tube 7 disposed within 0.2 m from the bottom edge of the suspended filler layer within the suspended filler layer; the advantage of the perforated aeration tube being located at this position is: to ensure the upper light suspended filler layer It has sufficient dissolved oxygen for carbon oxidation and nitrification. At the same time, the dissolved oxygen is consumed through the biological reaction of the 20cm suspended filler layer, which can greatly reduce the dissolved oxygen content entering the lower sand rate layer, make the sand rate layer in an oxygen-deficient environment, and greatly improve denitrification. Denitrification effect.
更优选地,所述穿孔曝气管7为多根曝气管相互之间呈十字交叉型布设,多跟曝气管整体呈网格结构,气孔的中心线与曝气管的轴线呈45℃,且气孔沿管线均匀分布。十字交叉型布设可以使曝气作用范围更广,溶解氧分布更均匀。More preferably, the perforated aeration tube 7 is a plurality of aeration tubes arranged in a cross shape with each other, and a plurality of aeration tubes are integrally arranged in a grid structure, and the center line of the air hole and the axis of the aeration tube are at 45°C And the pores are evenly distributed along the pipeline. The cross-shaped arrangement can make the aeration action range wider and the dissolved oxygen distribution more uniform.
在另一些实施例中,反应器柱体1的最底部设有配水区2。可以采用常规的配水区结构,作用是使反冲洗进水稳定均匀,避免形成短流或沟流而造成双层填料的局部反冲洗,减少因反冲洗不均匀造成的填料堵塞问题。In other embodiments, the bottom of the reactor column 1 is provided with a water distribution zone 2. The structure of the conventional water distribution zone can be used. The function is to make the backwash inlet water stable and uniform, to avoid the formation of short flow or gully flow and to cause partial backwashing of the double-layer filler, and to reduce the problem of plugging caused by uneven backwashing.
优选地,所述配水区2上部为承托层3;Preferably, the upper part of the water distribution area 2 is a supporting layer 3;
更优选地,所述承托层3上部与深度过滤区的砂滤层4相接;More preferably, the upper part of the supporting layer 3 is in contact with the sand filter layer 4 of the depth filter area;
优选地,所述承托层3与所述配水区2之间设有滤板;Preferably, a filter plate is provided between the supporting layer 3 and the water distribution area 2;
更优选地,所述承托层3为所述滤板上铺设的鹅卵石,且鹅卵石从上至下分为两层,上层鹅卵石粒径为2-4mm,下层鹅卵石粒径为4-8mm。More preferably, the supporting layer 3 is pebbles laid on the filter plate, and the pebbles are divided into two layers from top to bottom, the upper layer of pebbles has a particle size of 2-4 mm, and the lower layer of pebbles has a particle size of 4-8 mm.
在进一步的实施例中,所述高效生物降解过滤反应器还包括:反冲洗系统10、碳源供给系统11、进出水系统9及填料拦截板12;In a further embodiment, the high-efficiency biodegradation filtration reactor further includes: a backwash system 10, a carbon source supply system 11, an inlet and outlet water system 9, and a filler interception plate 12;
优选地,所述反冲洗系统10包括:设置在反应器柱体1上部的反冲洗出水管101、设置在反应器柱体中部的布水管及反冲洗出水管102、所述曝气装置的曝气管7,以及设置在反应器柱体1底部的布水管8、进气管103,以形成气水联合反冲洗;上述这样设置的好处是:双层填料结构反冲洗时易使下层截留的悬浮物反冲洗至上层,部分悬浮物被截留至上层填料,造成反冲洗不彻底,填料易堵塞。本装置可实现下部及中部两个点位的反冲洗,中部反冲洗布水及曝气系统可保证上层填料的充分反冲洗,中部反冲洗出水管可使下层砂率层反冲洗出水直接在反应器中部排出,减少砂率层截留悬浮物对上层填料的影响。双点位反冲洗系统可保证双层填料的充分反冲洗,且可在频率及强度上选择性的对双层填料进行反冲洗。Preferably, the backwashing system 10 includes: a backwashing water outlet pipe 101 provided at the upper part of the reactor column 1, a water distribution pipe provided at the middle of the reactor cylinder and a backwashing water outlet pipe 102, and the exposure of the aeration device The gas pipe 7, and the water distribution pipe 8 and the gas inlet pipe 103 provided at the bottom of the reactor column 1 to form a gas-water combined backwash; the advantage of the above arrangement is that the double-layer packing structure is easy to make the lower layer suspended and suspended Backwash to the upper layer, part of the suspended matter is trapped in the upper layer of filler, resulting in incomplete backwashing, the filler is easy to block. The device can realize backwashing at two points of the lower part and the middle part. The middle backwashing water distribution and aeration system can ensure the full backwashing of the upper layer filling. The middle backwashing outlet pipe can make the lower sand rate layer backwashing water directly react. It is discharged in the middle of the vessel to reduce the impact of suspended solids trapped by the sand rate layer on the upper filler. The double-point backwashing system can ensure sufficient backwashing of the double-layer filler, and can selectively backwash the double-layer filler in frequency and strength.
更优选地,所述曝气管7、进气管103分别通过外接管道与空压机104相连接,且外接管道上设有可控制进气的进气阀105和气体流量计106;所述布水管8通过外接管道与出水池94相连接,且外接管道上设有可控制反冲洗布水的反冲阀107;More preferably, the aeration pipe 7 and the intake pipe 103 are respectively connected to the air compressor 104 through an external pipe, and the external pipe is provided with an intake valve 105 and a gas flow meter 106 that can control the intake air; The water pipe 8 is connected to the outlet tank 94 through an external pipe, and a backwash valve 107 that can control the backwashing water distribution is provided on the external pipe;
优选地,所述碳源供给系统11包括碳源池111以及通过外接管道与碳源池111内部连通的设置在反应器柱体1中部的穿孔布水管8;这里的穿孔布水管与反冲洗的布水管是同一根管子,由于碳源供给与反冲洗是交替运行的,采用同一根布水管,避免布水管太多影响填料 层运行管理。Preferably, the carbon source supply system 11 includes a carbon source pool 111 and a perforated cloth water pipe 8 disposed in the middle of the reactor column 1 communicating with the inside of the carbon source pool 111 through an external pipe; here the perforated cloth water pipe and the backwashed The water distribution pipe is the same pipe. Since the carbon source supply and backwashing are alternately operated, the same water distribution pipe is used to avoid too many water distribution pipes affecting the operation management of the packing layer.
更优选地,所述碳源选自甲醇、乙酸或乙酸钠;更优选地,所述碳源池的外接管道上设有可控制碳源流动的碳源阀112。More preferably, the carbon source is selected from methanol, acetic acid, or sodium acetate; more preferably, a carbon source valve 112 that can control the flow of the carbon source is provided on the external pipe of the carbon source pool.
优选地,所述进出水系统9包括设置在反应器柱体1上部的进水管91及反应器柱体最底部的出水管92;所述进水管91与原水池93连接,所述出水管92与出水池94连接;优选地,所述进水管91上设有控制进水的进水阀911,出水管92上设有控制出水的出水阀921;更优选地,柱体1上部设置有液位计95,当反应器液位到达液位计95高度时,进水泵912停止进水,反冲洗泵108开启,自动进行反冲洗;原水池93用于盛装待处理的黑臭水体,出水池94用于盛装黑臭水体经过处理后的干净水体。Preferably, the water inlet and outlet system 9 includes a water inlet pipe 91 provided at the upper part of the reactor column 1 and a water outlet pipe 92 at the bottom of the reactor column; the water inlet pipe 91 is connected to the original water tank 93, and the water outlet pipe 92 Connected to the outlet pool 94; preferably, the inlet pipe 91 is provided with an inlet valve 911 for controlling inlet water, and the outlet pipe 92 is provided with an outlet valve 921 for controlling outlet water; more preferably, the upper part of the column 1 is provided with a liquid The level gauge 95, when the reactor liquid level reaches the level of the level gauge 95, the water inlet pump 912 stops the water inlet, the backwash pump 108 is turned on, and the backwash is automatically performed; the original water tank 93 is used to hold the black and odorous water body to be treated and exit the water tank 94 is used to hold clean water after treatment of black and smelly water.
更优选地,所述反冲洗系统10、碳源供给系统11、进出水系统9均安装有PLC控制器,分别与进气阀105、反冲阀107、进水阀911、出水阀921、碳源阀112相连接,用于自动化控制系统的启动及停止。可选用本领域常见的PLC控制器,可商购获得。More preferably, the backwash system 10, the carbon source supply system 11, and the inlet and outlet water system 9 are all equipped with PLC controllers, which are respectively connected to the intake valve 105, the backwash valve 107, the inlet valve 911, the outlet valve 921, carbon The source valve 112 is connected to start and stop the automatic control system. A PLC controller common in the field can be selected and commercially available.
优选地,所述填料拦截板设置在反应器填料层6上部,拦截板上下表面上设置多个立方体凸起,在拦截板表面及凸起表面均分布大量的孔径约2mm透水孔。Preferably, the packing intercepting plate is arranged on the upper part of the packing layer 6 of the reactor, and a plurality of cubic protrusions are arranged on the upper and lower surfaces of the intercepting plate, and a large number of permeable holes with a pore size of about 2 mm are distributed on the surface of the intercepting plate and the convex surface.
第2组实施例、本发明处理黑臭水体的方法The second group of examples, the method for treating black and odorous water body of the present invention
本组实施例提供一种用于处理黑臭水体的方法,其特征在于,采用第1组实施例任一项所述的高效生物降解过滤反应器对黑臭水体进行处理。This group of embodiments provides a method for treating black and odorous water bodies, characterized in that the high-efficiency biodegradation filtration reactor according to any one of the first group of embodiments is used to treat black and odorous water bodies.
在具体的实施例中,所述方法包括:将黑臭水体从所述高效生物降解过滤反应器的上部通过进出水系统的进水管引入反应器柱体内依次流经悬浮填料层、分隔层、砂滤层、承托层、配水区,进行自然挂膜;In a specific embodiment, the method includes: introducing a black and odorous water body from the upper part of the high-efficiency biodegradation filtration reactor into the reactor column through the water inlet pipe of the water inlet and outlet system, and sequentially flowing through the suspended packing layer, the separation layer, and the sand Filter layer, supporting layer, water distribution area, natural hanging film;
优选地,所述黑臭水体流经配水区后通过进出水系统的出水管进入出水池;Preferably, the black and odorous water body flows into the outlet pool through the outlet pipe of the inlet and outlet system after flowing through the water distribution area;
更优选地,在将黑臭水体引入反应器之前,在所述反应器柱体内生物反应区的悬浮填料层接种一定量的污泥闷曝一周进行接种挂膜。More preferably, before introducing the black and odorous water body into the reactor, a certain amount of sludge is inoculated in the suspended filler layer in the biological reaction zone in the reactor column for a week to inoculate the membrane.
在具体的实施例中,所述自然挂膜完成之前,所述黑臭水体的进水流量由20L/h逐步提高到80L/h;控制在这个范围的好处是:20L/h时对应的污水停留时间适宜于微生物的附着生长,后续随着微生物的附着量增加,需要的有机物量增大,需要加大流量以满足微生物的生长需求,但过高的流量会对附着的微生物形成较强的冲刷作用,反而会将微生物冲走。控制流量在此范围逐步提高利于微生物的附着及稳定生长。In a specific embodiment, before the completion of the natural hanging film, the inflow rate of the black and odorous water body is gradually increased from 20L/h to 80L/h; the benefits of controlling in this range are: the corresponding sewage at 20L/h The residence time is suitable for the growth of microorganisms. As the amount of microorganisms increases, the amount of organic matter needs to increase. The flow rate needs to be increased to meet the growth needs of microorganisms. However, excessive flow rates will form strong The scouring effect will instead wash away the microorganisms. Controlling the flow rate in this range will gradually improve the adhesion of microorganisms and stable growth.
所述自然挂膜完成之后,所述黑臭水体的进水流量控制在60L/h;调整装置气水比到约0.5:1,通过进气阀及气体流量计调整曝气量为0.5L/min;此气水比条件为本发明方法的创新设置,相比于一般的生物膜处理技术,本发明采用的气水比较低,曝气能耗相对较低,可降 低运营成本。该步骤对黑臭水体处理效果起如下作用:调整此气水比条件的目的是控制悬浮填料层溶解氧含量在1.0-2.5mg/L之间,以营造一个好氧微生物、硝化细菌、反硝化细菌及聚磷菌的共生环境,形成同步硝化反硝化、同步脱氮除磷等复杂的微生物作用过程,形成集生物降解有机物、脱氮、除磷于一体的反应器;同时,通过对上层悬浮填料层溶解氧含量的控制,使得进入下部砂率层的溶解氧含量较低,易形成缺氧环境,使得砂率层在深度截留黑臭水体中的微细悬浮物的同时进一步强化反硝化脱氮作用。After the natural hanging film is completed, the inlet flow rate of the black and odorous water body is controlled at 60L/h; the gas-to-water ratio of the device is adjusted to about 0.5:1, and the aeration amount is adjusted to 0.5L/ by the intake valve and the gas flow meter min; This gas-water ratio condition is an innovative setting of the method of the present invention. Compared with the general biofilm treatment technology, the gas-water ratio used in the present invention is relatively low, the aeration energy consumption is relatively low, and the operating cost can be reduced. This step has the following effects on the treatment effect of black and odorous water body: the purpose of adjusting this gas-water ratio condition is to control the dissolved oxygen content of the suspended filler layer to be between 1.0-2.5 mg/L, so as to create an aerobic microorganism, nitrifying bacteria, and denitrification The symbiotic environment of bacteria and phosphorus accumulating bacteria forms complex microbial processes such as simultaneous nitrification and denitrification, simultaneous nitrogen and phosphorus removal, and forms a reactor that integrates biodegradable organic matter, nitrogen and phosphorus removal; at the same time, by suspending the upper layer The control of the dissolved oxygen content of the filler layer makes the dissolved oxygen content of the lower sand rate layer lower, which is easy to form an oxygen-deficient environment, and the sand rate layer further traps the fine suspended matter in the black and odorous water body while further strengthening denitrification and denitrification effect.
所述自然挂膜完成指,通入黑臭水体期间测定COD及氨氮去除率,当COD去除率达到60%、氨氮去除率达到70%时,挂膜完成。The completion of the natural film hanging refers to measuring the removal rate of COD and ammonia nitrogen during the passage of the black and odorous water body. When the COD removal rate reaches 60% and the ammonia nitrogen removal rate reaches 70%, the film hanging is completed.
在进一步的实施例中,所述方法还包括:高效生物降解过滤反应器运行期间通过监测反应器柱体中部的反冲洗系统的布水管内溶解氧及硝酸盐含量调整气水比及控制碳源供给;In a further embodiment, the method further includes: monitoring the dissolved oxygen and nitrate content in the water distribution pipe of the backwash system in the middle of the reactor cylinder during the operation of the high efficiency biodegradation filtration reactor to adjust the gas-water ratio and control the carbon source supply;
所述调整气水比指:当溶解氧含量大于2.5mg/L时,调整气水比使反应器柱体内溶解氧含量维持在1.0-2.5mg/L;调整气水比这一步骤是本发明的创新之一,对黑臭水体最终的处理效果其如下作用:控制悬浮填料层溶解氧含量在1.0-2.5mg/L之间,以营造一个好氧微生物、硝化细菌、反硝化细菌及聚磷菌的共生环境,形成同步硝化反硝化、同步脱氮除磷等复杂的微生物作用过程,形成集生物降解有机物、脱氮、除磷于一体的反应器;同时,通过对上层悬浮填料层溶解氧含量的控制,使得进入下部砂率层的溶解氧含量较低,易形成缺氧环境,使得砂率层在深度截留黑臭水体中的微细悬浮物的同时进一步强化反硝化脱氮作用。The adjustment of the gas-water ratio means that when the dissolved oxygen content is greater than 2.5 mg/L, the gas-water ratio is adjusted to maintain the dissolved oxygen content in the reactor column at 1.0-2.5 mg/L; the step of adjusting the gas-water ratio is the present invention One of the innovations for the final treatment effect of black and odorous water bodies is as follows: control the dissolved oxygen content of the suspended filler layer between 1.0-2.5mg/L to create an aerobic microorganism, nitrifying bacteria, denitrifying bacteria and phosphorus The symbiotic environment of the bacteria forms complex microbial processes such as simultaneous nitrification and denitrification, simultaneous nitrogen and phosphorus removal, and forms a reactor that integrates biodegradable organic matter, nitrogen and phosphorus removal; at the same time, it dissolves oxygen through the upper suspended filler layer. The control of the content makes the dissolved oxygen content into the lower sand rate layer lower, which is easy to form an anoxic environment, so that the sand rate layer further traps the fine suspended matter in the black and smelly water body and further strengthens the denitrification and denitrification.
所述控制碳源供给指:根据硝酸盐含量检测结果,当碳氮比小于4时,启动碳源供给系统。虽然补充碳源在水处理领域是常见操作,但本发明仅为下层的砂滤层提供碳源供给,这在本发明之前从未被报道过,这样设置的好处在于:利用下层砂滤层的缺氧环境,通过补充碳源,让砂滤层具有反硝化脱氮的功能,强化装置的脱氮效果。而当碳氮比大于4时,则不用开启碳源供给系统。本操作可使装置针对不同的黑臭水体水质均有较好的脱氮效果,应用比较灵活。The control of the carbon source supply means: according to the detection result of the nitrate content, when the carbon-to-nitrogen ratio is less than 4, the carbon source supply system is started. Although supplementary carbon source is a common operation in the field of water treatment, the present invention only provides the carbon source supply for the lower sand filter layer, which has never been reported before by the present invention. The advantage of this arrangement is that the use of the lower sand filter layer In the anoxic environment, by supplementing the carbon source, the sand filter layer has the function of denitrification and denitrification to enhance the denitrification effect of the device. When the carbon-to-nitrogen ratio is greater than 4, the carbon source supply system does not need to be turned on. This operation can make the device have a better nitrogen removal effect for different black and odorous water quality, and the application is more flexible.
具体地,所述反冲洗系统和碳源供给系统交替运行,这样的话,在装置处理污水时碳源供给系统启动,反冲洗时装置不进污水,同时碳源供给系统也不运行,两个系统不是同时都运行,但两个系统分别运行时都是利用反应器中部的布水管进水。Specifically, the backwash system and the carbon source supply system operate alternately. In this case, the carbon source supply system is activated when the device is treating sewage, and the device does not enter the sewage during backwashing, and the carbon source supply system does not operate. The two systems Not both are operated at the same time, but when the two systems are operated separately, the water is distributed through the water distribution pipe in the middle of the reactor.
在更进一步的实施例中,所述方法还包括:高效生物降解过滤反应器运行期间,每两天进行一次反冲洗;In a further embodiment, the method further includes: during the operation of the high-efficiency biodegradation filtration reactor, backwashing is performed every two days;
优选地,所述反冲洗指:采用出水池中的水进行气水联合反冲洗;Preferably, the backwashing refers to: using the water in the outlet pool for the combined backwashing of air and water;
更优选地,所述气水联合反冲洗指:先气冲3min,强度为10L/(m 2·s);然后气水联合冲3min,气水强度均为10L/(m 2·s));最后水冲10min,强度为10L/(m 2·s);首先气冲用的气是空 压机产生的空气;最后水冲用的水是出水池中的水。 More preferably, the gas-water combined backwashing means: first air flushing for 3 min, with an intensity of 10 L/(m 2 ·s); then air-water combined flushing for 3 min, with an air-water intensity of 10 L/(m 2 ·s)) ; Finally, the water is flushed for 10 minutes with an intensity of 10L/(m 2 ·s); the air used for air flushing is the air generated by the air compressor; the water used for water flushing is the water in the pond.
更优选地,所述反冲洗的水通过反冲洗系统的出水管回流至原水池,经沉降后重新进入装置进行处理。反冲洗将填料层中截留的悬浮物冲洗出来,反冲洗出水含有较多的悬浮物不能直接排放,因此需要重新回流至原水池中进一步处理。More preferably, the backwashed water returns to the original pool through the outlet pipe of the backwashing system, and then re-enters the device for treatment after settling. Backwashing flushes out suspended solids trapped in the filler layer. The backwashed water contains more suspended solids and cannot be directly discharged, so it needs to be returned to the original tank for further treatment.
实验例、本发明的具体操作及效果验证Experimental example, specific operation and effect verification of the present invention
高效生物降解过滤反应器制作及搭建:Production and construction of high efficiency biodegradation filter reactor:
自制Φ0.2m×4.5米的高效生物降解过滤反应器,该反应器主要由反应器柱体1,配水区2,承托层3,砂滤层4,瓜子片石层5,悬浮填料层6,穿孔曝气管7及布水管8,另外反应器还包括进出水系统9、反冲洗系统10、碳源供给系统11及填料拦截板12组成。The self-made Φ0.2m×4.5m high-efficiency biodegradation filter reactor is mainly composed of reactor column 1, water distribution area 2, supporting layer 3, sand filter layer 4, melon seed stone layer 5, suspended filler layer 6, The perforated aeration pipe 7 and the water distribution pipe 8, and the reactor further includes an inlet and outlet water system 9, a backwashing system 10, a carbon source supply system 11 and a filler intercepting plate 12.
柱体1外壳采用厚约5mm的有机玻璃,反应器底板上连接DN20的PVC反冲洗进水管及DN5的进气软管。在距离柱体底部20cm处安装直径200mm的滤板,滤板上方由下至上填装直径为4-8mm及2-4mm的两层鹅卵石形成高200mm的承托层3,承托层3上部填装直径1-2mm石英砂,高度约0.8m,形成兼具截流微细悬浮物及反硝化功能的砂滤层4;砂滤层4上部填装长度5-10mm的瓜子片石5,高度约0.1m。The outer shell of the column 1 is made of plexiglass with a thickness of about 5mm, and the DN20 PVC backwash water inlet pipe and the DN5 air inlet hose are connected to the bottom plate of the reactor. Install a filter plate with a diameter of 200mm at a distance of 20cm from the bottom of the column. Fill the top of the filter plate with two layers of cobblestones of 4-8mm and 2-4mm in diameter to form a support layer 3 with a height of 200mm. Install quartz sand with a diameter of 1-2mm and a height of about 0.8m to form a sand filter layer 4 that has the function of intercepting fine suspended solids and denitrification; the upper part of the sand filter layer 4 is filled with melon seed stones 5 with a length of 5-10mm and a height of about 0.1m .
在距瓜子片石层0.2m处依次安装穿孔曝气管7及穿孔布水管8,穿孔曝气管7采用十字交叉型,气孔呈45℃斜向下沿管线均匀分布,通过DN5的软管连接空压机。布水管8通过DN20的水管连接反冲洗泵,并在水管上设置三通,同时连接碳源供给系统。瓜子片石层5的上方填装粒径4-8mm的聚乙烯椭球型中空悬浮填料,填装高度约2m,形成悬浮填料层6。在反应器顶部侧壁连接DN20的进水管及反冲洗出水管,由此完成高效生物降解过滤反应器的整体制作及搭建。Install perforated aeration pipe 7 and perforated water pipe 8 at a distance of 0.2m from the melon seed stone layer. The perforated aeration pipe 7 adopts a cross type. The air holes are distributed diagonally down the pipeline at 45°C. press. The water distribution pipe 8 is connected to the backwash pump through the DN20 water pipe, and a tee is provided on the water pipe, and is connected to the carbon source supply system at the same time. Above the melon seed stone layer 5, a polyethylene ellipsoid hollow suspended filler with a particle size of 4-8mm is filled, and the filling height is about 2m to form a suspended filler layer 6. The DN20 inlet pipe and the backwash outlet pipe are connected to the top wall of the reactor, thereby completing the overall production and construction of the high-efficiency biodegradation filter reactor.
应用方法如下:The application method is as follows:
首先通过接种挂膜及自然挂膜两种方式相结合的方法对装置进行挂膜,即先接种一定量的污泥闷曝一周进行接种挂膜,之后通过潜水泵抽取黑臭水体进入2m 3的黑臭水体储水箱,由泵输送至反应器,并通过阀门及流量计调节进水流量至20L/h,后续逐步提高流量至80L/h,进行自然挂膜。期间通过测定COD及氨氮判断挂膜是否完成,当COD去除率达到60%、氨氮去除率达到70%即认为挂膜完成。挂膜完成后,通过阀门及流量计调节进水流量为60L/h,调整装置气水比到约0.5:1,通过气管上的阀门及流量计调整曝气量为0.5L/min。运行期间通过柱体中部的反冲洗出水口取样进行溶解氧及硝酸盐含量的测定,当溶解氧含量大于2.5mg/L时,及时调整气水比,使柱内溶解氧含量维持在1.0-2.5mg/L之间;根据硝酸盐含量测定结果,当碳氮比小于4时,启动碳源供给系统。另外,装置运行期间,每两天进行一次反冲洗,采 用出水集水池中的水进行气水联合反冲洗,具体过程为:先气冲3min,强度为10L/(m 2·s);然后气水联合冲3min;最后水冲10min,强度为10L/(m 2·s)。反冲洗出水回流至黑臭水体储水池,经沉降后重新进入装置进行处理。 First of all, the method of inoculating the membrane by inoculating the membrane and the natural membrane is to hang the membrane, that is, inoculate a certain amount of sludge for one week to inoculate the membrane, and then draw the black and smelly water through the submersible pump into the 2m 3 The black and odorous water storage tank is transported by the pump to the reactor, and the inlet water flow is adjusted to 20L/h through valves and flow meters, and then the flow is gradually increased to 80L/h for natural film hang. During the period, COD and ammonia nitrogen were measured to determine whether the film hanging was completed. When the COD removal rate reached 60% and the ammonia nitrogen removal rate reached 70%, the film hanging was considered complete. After the film hanging is completed, the inlet water flow rate is adjusted to 60L/h through the valve and flow meter, the gas-water ratio of the device is adjusted to about 0.5:1, and the aeration amount is adjusted to 0.5L/min through the valve and flow meter on the air pipe. During the operation, the dissolved oxygen and nitrate content is measured through the backwash water outlet in the middle of the column. When the dissolved oxygen content is greater than 2.5mg/L, the gas-water ratio is adjusted in time to maintain the dissolved oxygen content in the column at 1.0-2.5 Between mg/L; according to the nitrate content measurement result, when the carbon-to-nitrogen ratio is less than 4, the carbon source supply system is started. In addition, during the operation of the device, backwashing is carried out every two days, and the water in the effluent sump is used for gas-water combined backwashing. The specific process is as follows: first air flushing for 3min, intensity 10L/(m 2 ·s); The water is jointly washed for 3 minutes; the final water is washed for 10 minutes, and the intensity is 10L/(m 2 ·s). The backwashed effluent flows back to the black and odorous water storage tank, and then re-enters the device for treatment after settlement.
实验稳定运行一个月之后,将装置出水的COD、氨氮、总氮、总磷等指标与黑臭水体原水进行对比分析,实验过程中每天均对反应器出水指标进行检测,实验稳定运行两周之后,实验检测数据基本稳定,偏差波动范围较小,总体实验结果显示,与黑臭水体原水相比,经反应器处理后,COD、氨氮、总氮、总磷的去除率分别达到75%-80%、85%-90%、60%-70%、50%-60%,实验效果After one month of stable operation of the experiment, the COD, ammonia nitrogen, total nitrogen, total phosphorus and other indicators of the effluent of the device were compared with the raw water of the black and odorous water body. The reactor effluent indicators were tested every day during the experiment. The experimental detection data is basically stable, the deviation fluctuation range is small, the overall experimental results show that, compared with the raw water of black and odorous water, the removal rate of COD, ammonia nitrogen, total nitrogen and total phosphorus reaches 75%-80 after treatment by the reactor %, 85%-90%, 60%-70%, 50%-60%, experimental effect

Claims (10)

  1. 一种高效生物降解过滤反应器,包括:反应器柱体;所述反应器柱体内部从上至下设有生物反应区和深度过滤区;所述生物反应区和深度过滤区之间的交界处设有薄片状物料组成的分隔层;所述生物反应区内设有粒径4~8mm的轻质悬浮填料;所述深度过滤区内设有粒径为1.0~2.0mm的比重较大的填料;所述深度过滤区填料比重是所述生物反应区比重的2.5-3倍。A high-efficiency biodegradation filtration reactor, comprising: a reactor column; a bioreaction zone and a depth filtration zone are arranged inside the reactor column from top to bottom; a boundary between the bioreaction zone and the depth filtration zone There is a separation layer composed of flaky materials; the biological reaction zone is provided with a light suspended filler with a particle size of 4-8mm; the deep filtration zone is provided with a larger specific gravity with a particle size of 1.0-2.0mm Packing; the specific gravity of the filling in the deep filtration zone is 2.5-3 times the specific gravity of the biological reaction zone.
  2. 根据权利要求1所述的高效生物降解过滤反应器,所述深度过滤区高度是所述生物反应区高度的30%-40%;The high-efficiency biodegradation filtration reactor according to claim 1, wherein the height of the deep filtration zone is 30%-40% of the height of the biological reaction zone;
    优选地,所述深度过滤区内的填料为比重介于2.5-2.7g/cm 3之间的石英砂滤料,形成砂滤层,所述生物反应区内的填料为比重介于0.9-1.0g/cm 3之间的轻质悬浮填料,形成悬浮填料层; Preferably, the filler in the deep filtration zone is a quartz sand filter material with a specific gravity between 2.5-2.7 g/cm 3 to form a sand filter layer, and the filler in the biological reaction zone has a specific gravity between 0.9-1.0 A light suspended filler between g/cm 3 to form a suspended filler layer;
    更优选地,所述分隔层为瓜子片石层;所述瓜子片石的长度优选10~15mm;更优选地,所述瓜子片石层高度为所述生物反应区高度的5%-10%。More preferably, the separating layer is a melon seed stone layer; the length of the melon seed stone is preferably 10-15 mm; more preferably, the height of the melon seed stone layer is 5%-10% of the height of the biological reaction zone.
  3. 根据权利要求2所述的高效生物降解过滤反应器,所述悬浮填料层底部设有曝气装置;The high-efficiency biodegradable filtration reactor according to claim 2, wherein an aeration device is provided at the bottom of the suspended packing layer;
    优选地,所述曝气装置为设置在悬浮填料层内距悬浮填料层底部边缘0.2m处的穿孔曝气管;Preferably, the aeration device is a perforated aeration tube arranged within 0.2 m from the bottom edge of the suspended filler layer in the suspended filler layer;
    更优选地,多根穿孔曝气管呈十字交叉型布设,且气孔的中心线与曝气管的轴线呈45℃,且气孔沿管线均匀分布;More preferably, a plurality of perforated aeration pipes are arranged in a cross shape, and the center line of the air holes and the axis of the aeration pipe are at 45°C, and the air holes are evenly distributed along the pipeline;
    优选地,所述轻质悬浮填料由聚苯乙烯或聚乙烯制作成的多个小圆环连接成多孔中空椭球体。Preferably, the light suspended filler is made of polystyrene or polyethylene, and a plurality of small rings are connected to form a porous hollow ellipsoid.
    优选地,在反应器上部设置悬浮填料拦截板,拦截板上下表面上设置多个立方体凸起,在拦截板表面及凸起表面均分布大量的孔径约2mm透水孔。Preferably, a suspension filler intercepting plate is provided on the upper part of the reactor, and a plurality of cubic protrusions are provided on the upper and lower surfaces of the intercepting plate, and a large number of permeable holes with a diameter of about 2 mm are distributed on the intercepting plate surface and the protruding surface.
  4. 根据权利要求1-3任一所述的高效生物降解过滤反应器,其反应器柱体的最底部设有配水区;The high-efficiency biodegradable filtration reactor according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein the bottom of the reactor column is provided with a water distribution area;
    优选地,所述配水区上部为承托层;Preferably, the upper part of the water distribution area is a supporting layer;
    更优选地,所述承托层上部与深度过滤区的砂滤层相接;More preferably, the upper part of the supporting layer is in contact with the sand filter layer of the depth filter area;
    优选地,所述承托层与所述配水区之间设有滤板;Preferably, a filter plate is provided between the supporting layer and the water distribution area;
    更优选地,所述承托层为所述滤板上铺设的鹅卵石,且鹅卵石从上至下分为两层,上层鹅卵石粒径为2-4mm,下层鹅卵石粒径为4-8mm。More preferably, the supporting layer is pebbles laid on the filter plate, and the pebbles are divided into two layers from top to bottom, the upper layer of pebbles has a particle size of 2-4 mm, and the lower layer of pebbles has a particle size of 4-8 mm.
  5. 根据权利要求1-4任一所述的高效生物降解过滤反应器,还包括:反冲洗系统、碳源供给系统、进出水系统;The high-efficiency biodegradation filtration reactor according to any one of claims 1 to 4, further comprising: a backwash system, a carbon source supply system, and an inlet and outlet water system;
    优选地,所述反冲洗系统包括:设置在反应器柱体上部的反冲洗出水管、设置在反应器柱体中部的布水管及反冲洗出水管、所述曝气装置的曝气管,以及设置在反应器柱体底部的 布水管、进气管,以形成气水联合反冲洗;更优选地,所述曝气管、进气管分别通过外接管道与空压机相连接,且外接管道上设有可控制进气的进气阀和气体流量计;所述布水管通过外接管道与出水池相连接,且外接管道上设有可控制反冲洗布水的反冲阀;Preferably, the backwashing system includes: a backwashing water outlet pipe provided at the upper part of the reactor cylinder, a water distribution pipe and a backwashing water outlet pipe provided at the middle of the reactor cylinder, and an aeration pipe of the aeration device, and A water distribution pipe and an air inlet pipe provided at the bottom of the reactor column to form a gas-water combined backwash; more preferably, the aeration pipe and the air inlet pipe are respectively connected to the air compressor through an external pipe, and the external pipe is provided with There is an intake valve and a gas flow meter that can control the intake air; the water distribution pipe is connected to the outlet pool through an external pipe, and a backwash valve that can control the backwash water distribution is provided on the external pipe;
    优选地,所述碳源供给系统包括碳源池以及通过外接管道与碳源池内部连通的设置在反应器柱体中部的穿孔布水管;更优选地,所述碳源选自甲醇、乙酸或乙酸钠;更优选地,所述碳源池的外接管道上设有可控制碳源流动的碳源阀;Preferably, the carbon source supply system includes a carbon source pool and a perforated water pipe disposed in the middle of the reactor column that communicates with the inside of the carbon source pool through an external pipe; more preferably, the carbon source is selected from methanol, acetic acid or Sodium acetate; more preferably, a carbon source valve that can control the flow of the carbon source is provided on the external pipe of the carbon source pool;
    优选地,所述进出水系统包括设置在反应器柱体上部的进水管及反应器柱体最底部的出水管;所述进水管与原水池连接,所述出水管与出水池连接优选地,所述进水管上设有控制进水的进水阀,出水管上设有控制出水的出水阀;更优选地,柱体上部设置有液位计,当反应器液位到达液位计高度时,进水泵停止进水,反冲洗泵开启,自动进行反冲洗;Preferably, the water inlet and outlet system includes a water inlet pipe provided at the upper part of the reactor column and a water outlet pipe at the bottom of the reactor column; the water inlet pipe is connected to the original water tank, and the water outlet pipe is preferably connected to the water outlet tank. The inlet pipe is provided with an inlet valve for controlling the inlet water, and the outlet pipe is provided with an outlet valve for controlling the outlet water; more preferably, a liquid level gauge is provided at the upper part of the column, when the reactor liquid level reaches the height of the liquid level gauge , The water inlet pump stops water inlet, the backwash pump is turned on, and backwash is automatically performed;
    更优选地,所述反冲洗系统、碳源供给系统、进出水系统均安装有PLC控制器,分别与进气阀、反冲阀、进水阀、出水阀、碳源阀相连接。More preferably, the backwash system, the carbon source supply system, and the inlet and outlet water systems are all equipped with PLC controllers, which are respectively connected to the intake valve, the backwash valve, the inlet valve, the outlet valve, and the carbon source valve.
  6. 用于处理黑臭水体的方法,其特征在于,采用权利要求1-5任一所述的高效生物降解过滤反应器对黑臭水体进行处理。The method for treating black and odorous water is characterized in that the high-efficiency biodegradation filtration reactor according to any one of claims 1 to 5 is used to treat the black and odorous water.
  7. 根据权利要求6所述的方法,包括:将黑臭水体从所述高效生物降解过滤反应器的上部通过进出水系统的进水管引入反应器柱体内依次流经悬浮填料层、分隔层、砂滤层、承托层、配水区,进行自然挂膜;The method according to claim 6, comprising: introducing black and odorous water from the upper part of the high-efficiency biodegradation filtration reactor into the reactor column through the water inlet pipe of the water inlet and outlet system and flowing through the suspended packing layer, the separation layer and the sand filter in sequence Layer, support layer, water distribution area, natural hanging film;
    优选地,所述黑臭水体流经配水区后通过进出水系统的出水管进入出水池;Preferably, the black and odorous water body flows into the outlet pool through the outlet pipe of the inlet and outlet system after flowing through the water distribution area;
    更优选地,在将黑臭水体引入反应器之前,在所述反应器柱体内生物反应区的悬浮填料层接种一定量的污泥闷曝一周进行接种挂膜。More preferably, before introducing the black and odorous water body into the reactor, a certain amount of sludge is inoculated in the suspended filler layer in the biological reaction zone in the reactor column for a week to inoculate the membrane.
  8. 根据权利要求7所述的方法,所述自然挂膜完成之前,所述黑臭水体的进水流量由20L/h逐步提高到80L/h;According to the method of claim 7, before the completion of the natural hanging film, the inflow rate of the black and odorous water body is gradually increased from 20L/h to 80L/h;
    所述自然挂膜完成之后,所述黑臭水体的进水流量控制在60L/h;调整装置气水比到约0.5:1,通过进气阀及气体流量计调整曝气量为0.5L/min;After the natural film hanging is completed, the inlet flow rate of the black and odorous water body is controlled at 60L/h; the gas-water ratio of the device is adjusted to about 0.5:1, and the aeration amount is adjusted to 0.5L/ by the intake valve and the gas flow meter min;
    所述自然挂膜完成指,通入黑臭水体期间测定COD及氨氮去除率,当COD去除率达到60%、氨氮去除率达到70%时,挂膜完成。The completion of the natural film hanging refers to measuring the removal rate of COD and ammonia nitrogen during the passage of the black and odorous water body. When the COD removal rate reaches 60% and the ammonia nitrogen removal rate reaches 70%, the film hanging is completed.
  9. 根据权利要求6-8任一所述的方法,还包括:高效生物降解过滤反应器运行期间通过监测反应器柱体中部的反冲洗系统的布水管内溶解氧及硝酸盐含量调整气水比及控制碳源供给;The method according to any one of claims 6-8, further comprising: adjusting the gas-water ratio by monitoring the dissolved oxygen and nitrate content in the water distribution pipe of the backwash system in the middle of the reactor column during the operation of the high-efficiency biodegradation filtration reactor; Control the supply of carbon sources;
    所述调整气水比指:当溶解氧含量大于2.5mg/L时,调整气水比使反应器柱体内溶解氧含量维持在1.0-2.5mg/L;The adjustment of the gas-water ratio refers to: when the dissolved oxygen content is greater than 2.5 mg/L, adjust the gas-water ratio to maintain the dissolved oxygen content in the reactor column at 1.0-2.5 mg/L;
    所述控制碳源供给指:根据硝酸盐含量检测结果,当碳氮比小于4时,启动碳源供给系统,且仅向砂滤层提供碳源供给;The controlled carbon source supply means: according to the detection result of the nitrate content, when the carbon-to-nitrogen ratio is less than 4, the carbon source supply system is started, and the carbon source supply is only provided to the sand filter layer;
    优选地,所述反冲洗系统、碳源供给系统交替运行。Preferably, the backwash system and the carbon source supply system operate alternately.
  10. 根据权利要求6-9任一所述的方法,还包括:高效生物降解过滤反应器运行期间,每两天进行一次反冲洗;The method according to any one of claims 6-9, further comprising: performing a backwash every two days during the operation of the high-efficiency biodegradation filtration reactor;
    优选地,所述反冲洗指:采用出水池中的水进行气水联合反冲洗;Preferably, the backwashing refers to: using the water in the outlet pool for the combined backwashing of air and water;
    更优选地,所述气水联合反冲洗指:先气冲3min,强度为10L/(m 2·s);然后气水联合冲3min,气水强度均为10L/(m 2·s));最后水冲10min,强度为10L/(m 2·s); More preferably, the gas-water combined backwashing means: first air flushing for 3 min, with an intensity of 10 L/(m 2 ·s); then air-water combined flushing for 3 min, with an air-water intensity of 10 L/(m 2 ·s)) ; Last water flush for 10min, the intensity is 10L/(m 2 ·s);
    更优选地,所述反冲洗的水通过反冲洗系统的出水管回流至原水池,经沉降后重新进入装置进行处理。More preferably, the backwashed water returns to the original pool through the outlet pipe of the backwashing system, and then re-enters the device for treatment after settling.
PCT/CN2019/090523 2018-12-25 2019-06-10 High-efficiency biodegradation filter reactor and method using same for treating polluted water WO2020133930A1 (en)

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