CN209496627U - A kind of underwater nuclear reactor power supply of multikilowatt - Google Patents
A kind of underwater nuclear reactor power supply of multikilowatt Download PDFInfo
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- CN209496627U CN209496627U CN201822271958.0U CN201822271958U CN209496627U CN 209496627 U CN209496627 U CN 209496627U CN 201822271958 U CN201822271958 U CN 201822271958U CN 209496627 U CN209496627 U CN 209496627U
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- power supply
- heat pipe
- fuel
- multikilowatt
- nuclear reactor
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E30/00—Energy generation of nuclear origin
- Y02E30/30—Nuclear fission reactors
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Abstract
The utility model relates to a kind of underwater nuclear reactor power supplys of multikilowatt, including fuel, control drum, radial reflector, safety rod channel, heat pipe and axial reflecting layer；The fuel is columnar U-Mo Alloy fuel, is provided with safety rod channel and heat pipe channel；The heat pipe surrounds the safety rod channel, is inserted into the heat pipe channel；The radial reflector is set on the outside of the fuel, and the axial direction reflecting layer is set to the fuel both ends；The control drum is uniformly arranged in the radial reflector.The beneficial effects of the utility model are as follows: using U-Mo Alloy fuel, the risk of nuclear proliferation can be avoided by using the fuel of low enrichment；This programme exports reactor core heat using heat pipe, eliminates the pressurization water loop of two larger sizes of TRIOS, and heat pipe has the advantages that passive, non-single point failure.
Description
Technical field
The utility model relates to nuclear power engineering fields, and in particular to a kind of underwater nuclear reactor power supply of multikilowatt.
Background technique
According to disclosed data, up to the present, there are no underwater kilowatt of order reactions for having obtained practical application in the world
Heap power supply.In terms of relevant reactor power supply design scheme, reacted under water with the TRIOS for having the U.S. that this programme is closer to
Heap power source design and the Kilopower space based reactor power source design in the U.S..
The D.T.Allen in the U.S. etc. proposes a kind of entitled in document " Undersea Thermionic Reactors "
The fixed reactor power supply in the seabed of TRIOS.The reactor uses two kinds of fuel rods, is 9 thermionic fuel elements respectively
With 106 uranium hydrogen zirconium fuel elements, wherein thermionic fuel element is for generating electricity, and gross electric capacity is about 5 kilowatts, uranium hydrogen zirconium fuel
Element then as driving fuel, provides enough reactivity for reactor core, while the intrinsic negative temperature coefficient of the fuel can be in thing
Therefore it is provided safeguard in situation for the safety of reactor.There are two water loop of pressurizeing, primary Ioops to use axis for reactor system setting
To double-layer shell structure, height is higher, takes the heat of reactor out of by the Natural Circulation of water, and pass heat through heat exchanger
It is handed to the pressure (hydraulic) water of secondary circuit, secondary circuit is incited somebody to action equally by the way of Natural Circulation eventually by an external heat exchanger
Heat transfer is to seawater.
Program technical maturity with higher and realizability are provided simultaneously with good inherent safety features, but same
When the program there is also some shortcomingss: firstly, the generating efficiency of system is very low, only 9 thermionic fuel elements
Heat is utilized, and the heat needs of remaining 106 uranium hydrogen zirconium fuel element are all discharged as waste heat, system power generation
Efficiency only about 0.83%；In addition, the reactor power-supply system is relatively complicated, and system bulk is more huge, and power supply is most
Major diameter reaches 5.7 meters, and total height reaches 9.16 meters.
The multikilowatt nuclear reactor for space power supply that the U.S. currently develops the entitled Kilopower of a type (can refer to document
“Development of NASA’s Small Fission Power System for Science and Human
Exploration "), which, as fuel, exports reactor core by 8 sodium heat pipes using the high degree of enrichment U-Mo Alloy of made of one piece
Heat, and produced electricl energy by 8 opposed two-by-two free-piston type stirling generators, waste heat is emitted into outside too by radiator
Sky, about 1 kilowatt of the power supply gross electric capacity.
Type reactor power-supply system is small in size, light-weight, conversion efficiency of thermoelectric is high for this, system structure is very simple, has
Higher reliability, if but be used for underwater environment, still have several drawbacks place: firstly, reactor core uses highly concentrated uranium fuel, this
Risk with nuclear proliferation；In addition, the system operating temperature is high, fuel maximum temperature reaches about 1200K, the operation temperature of sodium heat pipe
Degree reaches 1050K, and at such high temperatures, if running in non-vacuum environment under water, many components have oxidation, corrosion etc. and ask
Topic, is unfavorable for the service life of power supply.
In view of this, special propose the utility model.
Utility model content
In view of the deficiencies in the prior art, the purpose of the utility model is to provide a kind of underwater nuclear reactors of multikilowatt
Power supply, the risk problem of nuclear proliferation when being at least able to solve applied to underwater environment.
The technical solution of the utility model is as follows:
A kind of underwater nuclear reactor power supply of multikilowatt, including fuel, control drum, radial reflector, safety rod channel, heat pipe
With axial reflecting layer；The fuel is columnar U-Mo Alloy fuel, is provided with safety rod channel and heat pipe channel；It is described
Heat pipe surrounds the safety rod channel, is inserted into the heat pipe channel；The radial reflector is set on the outside of the fuel, institute
It states axial reflecting layer and is set to the fuel both ends；The control drum is uniformly arranged in the radial reflector.
Further, the underwater nuclear reactor power supply of above-mentioned multikilowatt, -235 degree of enrichment of uranium of the U-Mo Alloy fuel
It is 19.75%.
Further, the underwater nuclear reactor power supply of above-mentioned multikilowatt, the working medium of the heat pipe are potassium.
Further, the underwater nuclear reactor power supply of above-mentioned multikilowatt, the condensation segment and heat exchange of heat pipe of the heat pipe connect
It connects, the heat exchange of heat pipe is connect with thermo-electric generation element.
Further, the underwater nuclear reactor power supply of above-mentioned multikilowatt, the power supply are set in power supply pressure vessel, institute
It states thermo-electric generation element and is affixed on the power supply internal pressure vessel walls.
Further, the underwater nuclear reactor power supply of above-mentioned multikilowatt, the power supply pressure vessel outside and the temperature difference
The corresponding part of generating element is provided with radiating fin.
Further, the underwater nuclear reactor power supply of above-mentioned multikilowatt, power supply pressure vessel lower part are provided with support
Structure.
Further, the underwater nuclear reactor power supply of above-mentioned multikilowatt, between the power supply and the power supply pressure vessel
It is provided with shielded layer.
The beneficial effects of the utility model are as follows:
1, using U-Mo Alloy fuel, the risk of nuclear proliferation can be avoided by using the fuel of low enrichment；
2, this programme exports reactor core heat using heat pipe, eliminates the pressurization water loop of two larger sizes of TRIOS, and
Heat pipe has the advantages that passive, non-single point failure；
3, this programme uses potassium heat pipe, and running temperature is in 800K or so, and the sodium heat pipe compared with Kilopower is much lower, material
Material oxidation and etching problem also opposite more easily processing；In addition, this programme is using static thermo-electric generation mode, efficiency compared with
The Stirling transfer efficiency of Kilopower is low, but vibration, the noise etc. that static thermo-electric generation is existing there is no Stirling conversion
Problem, and have higher reliability.
Detailed description of the invention
Fig. 1 is the core structure schematic diagram of the underwater nuclear reactor power supply of multikilowatt of the utility model.
Fig. 2 is the reactor core longitudinal profile structure schematic of the underwater nuclear reactor power supply of multikilowatt of the utility model.
Fig. 3 is the schematic diagram that heat pipe is connect with thermo-electric generation element in the utility model.
Fig. 4 is the magnified partial view in Fig. 3.
Fig. 5 shows for the structure that the underwater nuclear reactor power supply of multikilowatt of the utility model is installed on the power supply pressure vessel
It is intended to (omitting shielded layer).
Fig. 6 shows for the structure that the underwater nuclear reactor power supply of multikilowatt of the utility model is installed on the power supply pressure vessel
It is intended to (including shield).
Fig. 7 is the installation detailed schematic of temperature difference generating element and power supply pressure vessel in Fig. 5.
In above-mentioned attached drawing, 1, radial reflector；2, control drum；3, drum absorber is controlled；4, fuel；5, safety rod channel；
6, heat pipe；7, safe rod drive mechanism；8, drum driving mechanism is controlled；9, safety rod；10, axial reflecting layer；11, heat pipe heat exchanging
Device；12, thermo-electric generation element；13, radiating fin；14, power supply pressure vessel；15, support construction；16, shielded layer.
Specific embodiment
The utility model is described in detail below with reference to embodiment.
As depicted in figs. 1 and 2, the utility model provides a kind of underwater nuclear reactor power supply of multikilowatt, including fuel 4,
Control drum 2, radial reflector 1, safety rod channel 5, heat pipe 6 and axial reflecting layer 10；The fuel 4 is columnar U-Mo Alloy
Fuel is provided with safety rod channel 5 and heat pipe channel；The heat pipe 6 surrounds the safety rod channel 5, is inserted into the heat
In tube passage；The radial reflector 1 is set to 4 outside of fuel, and the axial direction reflecting layer 10 is set to 4 liang of the fuel
End, using beryllium oxide material；The control drum 2 is uniformly arranged in the radial reflector 1.In the present embodiment, the uranium molybdenum
- 235 degree of enrichment of uranium of alloy fuel is 19.75%.Heap in-core arranges 12 heat pipes 6, and 6 working medium of heat pipe is potassium；Radial reflector 1
Material is beryllium, wherein being disposed with 4 control drums 2, control 2 material of main part of drum is beryllium, controls and sets on direction of the drum 2 far from fuel 4
It is equipped with control drum absorber 3, control drum 3 material of absorber is boron carbide, and each control drum 2 is by 1 control drum driving
Mechanism 8 is regulated and controled；Reactor center is safety rod channel 5, and wherein 9 material of safety rod is boron carbide, by safety rod driving machine
Structure 7 is controlled.
As shown in Figure 3 and Figure 4, the condensation segment of the heat pipe 6 is connect with heat exchange of heat pipe 11, the heat exchange of heat pipe 11 with
The hot end of thermo-electric generation element 12 is directly connected to.As shown in figure 5, the power supply is set in power supply pressure vessel 14, temperature difference hair
The cold end of electric device 12 is then directly connected with the inner wall of power supply pressure vessel 14.14 outside of power supply pressure vessel and the temperature
The corresponding part of poor generating element 12 is provided with radiating fin 13 (referring to Fig. 7), for increasing the heat exchange property between seawater.
14 lower part of power supply pressure vessel is provided with support construction 15 for increasing the integrally-built stability of power supply.The power supply with
Shielded layer 16 is provided between the power supply pressure vessel 14 (setting of shielded layer is referring to Fig. 6).Thermo-electric generation element 12 uses
The running temperature of skutterudite compound material, the type generating element can match with the running temperature of potassium heat pipe 6.
When power initiation, safety rod 9 is extracted out reactor core by safe rod drive mechanism 7, and adjusted by controlling drum driving mechanism 8
Drum 2 is controlled to position appropriate, so that reactor is reached critical and generates stable power.The heat that fuel 4 generates is through heat transfer
Mode is transferred to heat pipe 6, and heat pipe 6 takes heat out of, and transfers heat to thermo-electric generation element 12 through heat exchange of heat pipe 11 and use
In producing electricl energy, waste heat is transferred directly to the inner wall of power supply pressure vessel 14 by the cold end of thermo-electric generation element 12, and the heat is most
It by the outer wall of power supply pressure vessel 14 and is arranged in the radiating fin 13 of outer wall eventually and is transferred to seawater in a manner of free convection.
The reactor power supply can be disposed at seabed, and long-term, stable electric energy is provided for other instruments equipment.
Obviously, it is practical without departing from this can to carry out various modification and variations to the utility model by those skilled in the art
Novel spirit and scope.If in this way, belonging to the utility model claims to these modifications and variations of the present invention
And its within the scope of equivalent technology, then the utility model is also intended to include these modifications and variations.
Claims (8)
1. a kind of underwater nuclear reactor power supply of multikilowatt, it is characterised in that: including fuel (4), control drum (2), radial reflector
(1), safety rod channel (5), heat pipe (6) and axial reflecting layer (10)；The fuel (4) is columnar U-Mo Alloy fuel,
In be provided with safety rod channel (5) and heat pipe channel；The heat pipe (6) surrounds the safety rod channel (5), is inserted into the heat pipe
In channel；The radial reflector (1) is set on the outside of the fuel (4), and the axial direction reflecting layer (10) is set to the combustion
Expect (4) both ends；The control drum (2) is uniformly arranged in the radial reflector (1).
2. the underwater nuclear reactor power supply of multikilowatt as described in claim 1, it is characterised in that: the U-Mo Alloy fuel
- 235 degree of enrichment of uranium is 19.75%.
3. the underwater nuclear reactor power supply of multikilowatt as described in claim 1, it is characterised in that: the working medium of the heat pipe (6) is
Potassium.
4. the underwater nuclear reactor power supply of multikilowatt a method according to any one of claims 1-3, it is characterised in that: the heat pipe (6)
Condensation segment is connect with heat exchange of heat pipe (11), and the heat exchange of heat pipe (11) connect with thermo-electric generation element (12).
5. the underwater nuclear reactor power supply of multikilowatt as claimed in claim 4, it is characterised in that: the power supply is set to power supply pressure
In force container (14), the thermo-electric generation element (12) is affixed on power supply pressure vessel (14) inner wall.
6. the underwater nuclear reactor power supply of multikilowatt as claimed in claim 5, it is characterised in that: the power supply pressure vessel (14)
External part corresponding with thermo-electric generation element (12) is provided with radiating fin (13).
7. the underwater nuclear reactor power supply of multikilowatt as claimed in claim 6, it is characterised in that: the power supply pressure vessel (14)
Lower part is provided with support construction (15).
8. the underwater nuclear reactor power supply of multikilowatt as claimed in claim 5, it is characterised in that: the power supply and the power supply pressure
Shielded layer (16) are provided between force container (14).
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201822271958.0U CN209496627U (en) | 2018-12-29 | 2018-12-29 | A kind of underwater nuclear reactor power supply of multikilowatt |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201822271958.0U CN209496627U (en) | 2018-12-29 | 2018-12-29 | A kind of underwater nuclear reactor power supply of multikilowatt |
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| Publication Number | Publication Date |
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| CN209496627U true CN209496627U (en) | 2019-10-15 |
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| CN201822271958.0U Active CN209496627U (en) | 2018-12-29 | 2018-12-29 | A kind of underwater nuclear reactor power supply of multikilowatt |
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Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN109817354A (en) * | 2018-12-29 | 2019-05-28 | 中国原子能科学研究院 | A kind of underwater nuclear reactor power supply of multikilowatt |
| CN114060167A (en) * | 2021-11-16 | 2022-02-18 | 西安交通大学 | Dual-mode nuclear power propulsion device and working method |
-
2018
- 2018-12-29 CN CN201822271958.0U patent/CN209496627U/en active Active
Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN109817354A (en) * | 2018-12-29 | 2019-05-28 | 中国原子能科学研究院 | A kind of underwater nuclear reactor power supply of multikilowatt |
| CN114060167A (en) * | 2021-11-16 | 2022-02-18 | 西安交通大学 | Dual-mode nuclear power propulsion device and working method |
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