CN209401718U - Composite diaphragm and alkaline zinc-manganese battery comprising same - Google Patents

Abstract

The utility model relates to a compound diaphragm reaches alkaline zinc-manganese dioxide battery including this compound diaphragm, compound diaphragm is including skin, intermediate level and the inlayer that sets gradually, skin and inlayer are vinylon non-woven fabrics diaphragm, the intermediate level is polypropylene graft membrane. The utility model provides a composite film that polypropylene graft membrane and vinylon non-woven fabrics diaphragm are constituteed, the little and even advantage in make full use of polypropylene graft membrane aperture can effectively prevent the small particle diffusion of positive pole to permeate to the negative pole and take place the short circuit, and then has solved the battery voltage reduction that arouses by the little short circuit of positive and negative pole, shortens battery storage life's problem. After the composite film is introduced into an alkaline zinc-manganese battery, the discharge time of the battery can be prolonged, and the performance of the battery adopting the structure after high-temperature storage is obviously better than that of the battery adopting the structure compounded by three layers of vinylon non-woven fabrics, so that the composite film has a good application prospect.

Description

Composite diaphragm and alkaline zinc-manganese battery comprising same

Technical Field

The utility model relates to a battery preparation field, concretely relates to compound diaphragm reaches basicity zinc-manganese cell including this compound diaphragm.

Background

Along with the improvement of the performance of the alkaline zinc-manganese dry battery, the active material manganese dioxide electrolyte graphite used by the positive electrode is thinner and thinner, the active material manganese dioxide or the conductive agent graphite of the positive electrode diffuses and permeates into the negative electrode when the battery is stored for a long time, the voltage of the battery is reduced due to the micro short circuit of the positive electrode and the negative electrode, and the battery is seriously dead without electricity, so that the storage life of the battery is shortened.

There are several conditions that can cause internal short circuits in alkaline zinc-manganese dry batteries during their production: 1. the positive active material manganese dioxide or the conductive agent graphite micro powder diffuses and permeates the diaphragm to cause the conduction short circuit of the positive electrode and the negative electrode; 2. excessive copper impurities and iron impurities in materials or production processes can cause internal reaction of the battery and even cause perforation short circuit of the diaphragm; 3. the creation of zinc dendrites in the zinc paste causes membrane perforation shorts.

At present, the method for solving the problem of the internal short circuit of the battery is most effective to control the impurity content of the battery material, and the problems are generally solved by arranging a diaphragm in a positive electrode in the prior art. The diaphragm used at present is generally compounded by three layers of vinylon non-woven fabrics, but the vinylon non-woven fabrics have large aperture and can not completely prevent the situation of internal short circuit caused by overhigh impurity content of battery materials or zinc dendrite generated at the negative electrode. And along with the requirement of high-capacity and high-power batteries, the positive active material manganese dioxide and the conductive agent graphite have increasingly fine particle sizes, and the traditional vinylon non-woven fabric diaphragm cannot meet the requirement of long storage life.

SUMMERY OF THE UTILITY MODEL

In view of the problem that exists among the prior art, the utility model aims to a compound diaphragm reaches basicity zinc-manganese cell including this compound diaphragm has effectively solved the problem that the battery voltage that arouses by the little short circuit of positive and negative pole reduces, and this compound film can increase battery discharge time, prolongs battery storage life, has good application prospect.

To achieve the purpose, the utility model adopts the following technical proposal:

in a first aspect, the utility model provides a composite diaphragm, composite diaphragm is including skin, intermediate level and the inlayer that sets gradually, skin and inlayer are vinylon non-woven fabrics diaphragm, the intermediate level is polypropylene graft membrane.

Preferably, the composite diaphragm is of a columnar structure and is formed by compounding and winding a vinylon non-woven fabric diaphragm and a polypropylene grafted film.

Preferably, the polypropylene graft membrane is a polypropylene substrate non-woven fabric with hydrophilic groups, and the raw material fibers of the polypropylene substrate non-woven fabric are a combination of a bicomponent low-melting-point hot-melt composite fiber and a vinylon ultra-short fiber, or a combination of a bicomponent low-melting-point hot-melt composite fiber, a vinylon ultra-short fiber and an ultra-short glass microfiber.

Preferably, the hydrophilic group of the polypropylene base material nonwoven fabric is a vinyl monomer containing a hydrophilic group.

Preferably, the bicomponent low-melting-point hot-melt composite fiber is a composite fiber with a polypropylene inner core and a polyethylene outer sheath.

In a second aspect, the present invention provides an alkaline zinc-manganese battery comprising the composite separator of the first aspect.

Compared with the prior art, the utility model discloses following beneficial effect has at least:

the utility model provides a composite film that polypropylene graft membrane and vinylon non-woven fabrics diaphragm are constituteed, the little and even advantage in make full use of polypropylene graft membrane aperture can effectively prevent the small particle diffusion of positive pole to permeate to the negative pole and take place the short circuit, and then has solved the battery voltage reduction that arouses by the little short circuit of positive and negative pole, shortens battery storage life's problem. After the composite film is introduced into an alkaline zinc-manganese battery, the discharge time of the battery can be prolonged, and the performance of the battery adopting the structure after high-temperature storage is obviously better than that of the battery adopting the structure compounded by three layers of vinylon non-woven fabrics.

Drawings

Fig. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a composite diaphragm provided in embodiment 1 of the present invention;

fig. 2 is a schematic structural diagram of a composite diaphragm provided in embodiment 1 of the present invention after being expanded;

in the figure: 1-vinylon non-woven fabric diaphragm and 2-polypropylene graft membrane.

The present invention will be described in further detail below. However, the following examples are only simple examples of the present invention, and do not represent or limit the scope of the present invention, which is defined by the appended claims.

Detailed Description

The technical solution of the present invention will be further explained by the following embodiments.

The utility model discloses a composite diaphragm is provided in the embodiment part, composite diaphragm is including skin, intermediate level and the inlayer that sets gradually, skin and inlayer are vinylon non-woven fabrics diaphragm, the intermediate level is polypropylene graft membrane.

Preferably, the composite diaphragm is of a columnar structure and is formed by compounding and winding a vinylon non-woven fabric diaphragm and a polypropylene grafted film. As shown in fig. 2, the vinylon nonwoven membrane is long and the polypropylene graft membrane is short, and after the two are bonded, the vinylon nonwoven membrane is wound toward the vinylon nonwoven membrane, and finally the columnar composite structure shown in fig. 1 is formed.

The utility model provides a compound diaphragm is three layer construction, also can set up to two-layer according to the demand of reality and production conditions, adopts one deck vinylon non-woven fabrics diaphragm and one deck polypropylene graft membrane complex promptly. Thus, the material cost can be reduced, the internal space of the battery is increased, the filling amount of the active substance is increased, and the discharge time of the battery is prolonged.

Preferably, the polypropylene graft membrane is a polypropylene substrate non-woven fabric with hydrophilic groups, and the raw material fibers of the polypropylene substrate non-woven fabric are a combination of a bicomponent low-melting-point hot-melt composite fiber and a vinylon ultra-short fiber, or a combination of a bicomponent low-melting-point hot-melt composite fiber, a vinylon ultra-short fiber and an ultra-short glass microfiber.

Preferably, the hydrophilic group of the polypropylene base material nonwoven fabric is a vinyl monomer containing a hydrophilic group.

Preferably, the bicomponent low-melting-point hot-melt composite fiber is a composite fiber with a polypropylene inner core and a polyethylene outer skin layer.

The polypropylene grafted membrane of the invention is a grafted membrane obtained in the prior art, such as the polypropylene grafted membrane disclosed in CN 100414740C. The polypropylene grafted membrane with the components and the structure has small and uniform pore diameter, and can effectively prevent the diffusion and permeation of the anode micro particles.

After the composite diaphragm provided by the utility model is introduced into the alkaline zinc-manganese battery, the discharge time is longer, and the high-temperature storage performance is better.

To better illustrate the present invention, facilitating the understanding of the technical solutions of the present invention, typical but not limiting embodiments of the present invention are as follows:

example 1

The embodiment provides a composite membrane, as shown in fig. 1, the composite membrane comprises an outer layer, a middle layer and an inner layer, which are sequentially arranged, wherein the outer layer and the inner layer are vinylon non-woven fabric membranes 1, and the middle layer is a polypropylene graft membrane 2.

The composite diaphragm is of a columnar structure and is formed by attaching and winding a vinylon non-woven fabric diaphragm 1 and a polypropylene graft film 2, and the unfolded structure of the composite diaphragm is shown in figure 2.

The applicant states that the present invention is described by the above embodiments, but the present invention is not limited to the above detailed structural features, i.e. the present invention can be implemented only by relying on the above detailed structural features. It should be clear to those skilled in the art that any modifications to the present invention, to the equivalent replacement of selected parts and the addition of auxiliary parts, the selection of specific modes, etc., all fall within the scope of protection and disclosure of the present invention.

The above detailed description describes the preferred embodiments of the present invention, but the present invention is not limited to the details of the above embodiments, and the technical idea of the present invention can be within the scope of the present invention, and can be right to the technical solution of the present invention, and these simple modifications all belong to the protection scope of the present invention.

It should be noted that the various technical features described in the above embodiments can be combined in any suitable manner without contradiction, and in order to avoid unnecessary repetition, the present invention does not need to describe any combination of the features.

In addition, various embodiments of the present invention can be arbitrarily combined with each other, and the disclosed content of the present invention should be considered as the same as long as it does not violate the idea of the present invention.

Claims (6)

1. The composite diaphragm for the alkaline zinc-manganese battery is characterized by comprising an outer layer, a middle layer and an inner layer which are sequentially arranged, wherein the outer layer and the inner layer are vinylon non-woven fabric diaphragms, and the middle layer is a polypropylene grafted film.

2. The composite membrane as claimed in claim 1, wherein the composite membrane is a columnar structure and is formed by winding a vinylon non-woven fabric membrane and a polypropylene graft membrane in a compounding manner.

3. The composite separator of claim 1, wherein the polypropylene graft film is a polypropylene-based nonwoven fabric with hydrophilic groups, and the raw material fibers of the polypropylene-based nonwoven fabric are a combination of bicomponent low-melting-point hot-melt composite fibers and vinylon ultra-short ultra-fine fibers, or a combination of bicomponent low-melting-point hot-melt composite fibers, vinylon ultra-short ultra-fine fibers and ultra-short glass microfibers.

4. The composite separator according to claim 3, wherein the polypropylene-based nonwoven fabric has hydrophilic groups which are ethylene-based monomers containing hydrophilic groups.

5. The composite separator of claim 3, wherein said bicomponent low melt hot melt composite fiber is a composite fiber having an inner polypropylene core and an outer polyethylene sheath.

6. An alkaline zinc-manganese battery comprising the composite separator of any of claims 1-5.