CN209378954U - An integrated counter-jet reactor - Google Patents

Abstract

The utility model discloses an integrated counter-jet reactor, which comprises a cylindrical shell and a cover body, and the shell and the cover body are sealed and connected by threads to form a reaction chamber, and the reaction chamber is sequentially installed from top to bottom. There is a valve seat, a moving valve and a spring; an ultra-high pressure chamber is formed between the inner upper surface of the cover body and the upper end surface of the valve seat, and an annular protrusion is arranged on the lower end surface of the T-shaped valve seat, and the annular protrusion is connected with the upper end surface of the moving valve. The upper end surface is closely matched, the lower end surface of the valve seat, the upper end surface of the support column and the inner ring side wall of the movable valve form a symmetrical focal coupling resonant cavity, and the inner ring side wall of the movable valve and the outer wall of the support column form a discharge channel . Compared with the existing one-stage and two-stage homogenization, the jet flow reactor of the present utility model realizes two-stage treatment effects in one step. It not only has a simpler structure, but also has remarkable refinement and homogeneity effects, reaching the nanometer level; if The integration of two levels can realize the four-level processing effect in one step. The material continuously pressed into the homogenizing valve can be discharged continuously, and the production efficiency is high.

Description

An integrated counter-jet reactor

technical field

The utility model relates to an integrated counter-jet reactor (energy converter), which is a device for mechanically crushing materials at a nanometer scale by using a physical method under ultra-high pressure. More specifically, it relates to a device that utilizes ultra-high pressure extrusion , ultra-high pressure jets and ultra-high pressure jets colliding fluid-powered liquid-liquid, liquid-solid phase material homogenization and nano-processing technology, especially related to a kind of ultra-fine treatment of fluid materials, or the treatment of fluid materials Shock wave reactor for catalytic treatment of chemical reaction process.

Background technique

In the field of modern industrial production, mechanical equipment for ultra-fine crushing of fluid substances has been widely used, such as high-pressure jet impact crushers, high-pressure target impact crushers, high-pressure homogenizers, etc. At present, in order to achieve the ultra-fine crushing effect on fluid materials, the mechanical equipment of this type of technology requires a working pressure of 100-200 MPa or even higher during operation. This type of mechanical equipment depends on ultra-high pressure, which leads to high energy consumption in industrial production applications, high requirements on the structural materials and performance of equipment, high requirements on the particle size of fluid materials, and safety in industrial production processes. Poor sex. The problems of the above types of devices are caused by the unreasonable and imperfect design of their core structures. During the processing process, part of the energy is released ineffectively, thus reducing the crushing efficiency. Therefore, in the process of production and operation, if multiple super High-pressure homogenization, it is difficult to achieve ultra-fine crushing effect on fluid materials.

At present, the manufacturers of ultra-high pressure homogenizers include Microfluidics Technology Co., Ltd. (USA), Avestin (Canada), BEE International (USA), De Niro (Italy), and Ampex (Germany). Ultra-high pressure homogenizer is mainly used in food, chemical and dye industries. Pharmaceutical-grade ultra-high pressure homogenizers began in the 1980s. This new generation of ultra-high pressure homogenizers is equipped with interactive chambers, capable of crushing pharmaceutical emulsions to a level below 200 nanometers, and has great significance in the pharmaceutical industry. Extensive market share. The ultra-high pressure homogenizer is mainly used in the pharmaceutical, food, and chemical industries to prepare liposomes, fat emulsions, nanosuspensions, microemulsions, lipid microspheres, emulsions, dairy products, large infusions, fat emulsions, cell disruption, Juice homogenization, fine chemicals, dyes, etc.

Breaking material particles to obtain sub-nanometer particle size is a major scientific and technological research topic in today's industrial production. In order to solve this problem, there are more and more methods of researching material particle crushing in China in recent years. U.S. Patent US5147412A, British Patent GB820176A disclose the content of this respect. Chinese patent CN2252059Y discloses a fluid energy normal shock wave conversion ultrasonic energy device, which is used for fluid dispersion, emulsification, homogenization and solid powder crushing. However, the channel is long, the gap is small, it is easy to block, the pressure is low (only 150MPA), and the vibration chip is easy to break. It is not suitable for processing materials containing fibers, viscous materials, and materials with a solid content exceeding 5%. The application range is narrow, and the continuous processing efficiency is low. poor effect. Patent 200610123691.X discloses a planar check valve, which is currently suitable for the processing range of 200MPA, and the processing pressure exceeds 200MPA, which is not suitable for industrial applications. Patent CN 201310487914.0 provides a collision-type high-pressure nano homogenizer, but its components have complex structures and complicated processing and preparation. Patent CN 201010298882.6 discloses a fluid shock wave reactor, but the actual application of the equipment will cause the problem of large nozzle loss. The patent CN03239703.8 ultra-high pressure fluid nano-collision generating device discloses a collision mechanism, and the problem of processing accuracy limits its popularization and application. Patent CN201420019329.8 discloses an integrated Y-shaped homogeneous cavity. Due to the complexity of the channel, the requirements for processing equipment are relatively high. At the same time, the above patents have a common problem. Under the ultra-high pressure working environment above 200MPA, continuous The problem of industrial application cannot be overcome.

Utility model content

Aiming at the problems existing in the prior art, the utility model provides an ultra-high pressure fluid homogeneity and nano-collision integration with wide application range, high pressure bearing, high continuous working efficiency, good crushing effect, convenient installation and maintenance, and low cost. jet flow reactor.

In order to solve the above technical problems, the utility model adopts the following technical solutions:

An integrated counter-jet reactor, including a cylindrical shell and a cover, the shell and the cover are connected through a threaded airtight connection to form a reaction chamber, the cover is provided with a feed port, and the shell is provided with a discharge A valve seat, a movable valve and a spring are installed in the reaction chamber in sequence from top to bottom; an ultra-high pressure chamber is formed between the inner upper surface of the cover body and the upper end surface of the valve seat, and a support column is arranged in the reaction chamber , the movable valve is provided with a central through hole, the diameter of the central through hole is larger than the diameter of the support column, the movable valve is sleeved on the support column, the spring is arranged on the lower end surface of the movable valve, and the valve seat is T-shaped Valve seat, the lower end surface of the T-shaped valve seat is provided with an annular protrusion, the upper end surface of the T-shaped valve seat is provided with a feed channel, the annular protrusion is closely matched with the upper end surface of the movable valve, and the lower end surface of the valve seat 1. The upper end surface of the support column and the inner ring side wall of the movable valve form a symmetrical focal-coupled resonant cavity, and a discharge channel is formed between the inner ring side wall of the movable valve and the outer wall of the support column. The feed port is connected.

Further, an annular spring installation groove is provided in the housing, and the spring is arranged in the spring installation groove.

Further, an annular groove is provided on the upper end surface of the movable valve to increase the impact force of the high-pressure fluid on the movable valve.

Further, the feed passages on the upper end surface of the valve seat are two semicircular feed passages.

Further, the support column is fixedly connected to the inner wall of the casing through the base, and several arc-shaped discharge channels are provided between the side wall of the base and the inner wall of the discharge port of the casing.

Further, the upper end surface of the movable valve is higher than the upper end surface of the support column.

Further, the base of the support column and the housing are integrally structured.

Further, piezoelectric ceramic pressure sensors are provided at the inlet and outlet.

The processed fluid of the utility model is a solid-liquid mixed fluid substance with liquid as the continuous phase. The high pressure applied by the ultra-high pressure pump to the material depends on the different application examples of the device, and its range is generally 5-600Mp, and the commonly used range is 220-400Mp.

Preferably, the upper end surface of the movable valve (the part in contact with the protrusion of the lower end surface of the valve seat), the upper end surface of the support column (reflective energy-gathering cover) and the raised surface of the valve seat of the utility model are all made of high-strength wear-resistant diamond. to make. The shell and cover are made of special nano stainless steel.

Further, a set of dynamic valves and valve seats are added in the high-pressure chamber, and the feed inlet is arranged on the side wall of the reactor to form a two-stage counter-jet reactor.

The working process of the utility model is as follows: under the action of pressure, the material in the ultra-high pressure chamber presses the movable valve downward through the feed channel on the valve seat. A gap-type slit injection port is formed between the protrusions on the lower end surface, and the slit setting range is adjusted between 10nm and 1um. The force of the spring is adjusted by adjusting the screw fastening state of the cover and the shell to balance the force of the high-pressure fluid. Thus, the width of the slit is stabilized within the set range. The high-pressure material is sprayed from the slit to the symmetric central axis of the slit, and the material is injected inward along the slit, forming a rate of fire of hundreds to thousands of meters per second. At the center, the 360-degree material collides and collides. The shock wave is formed on the axis, and shoots to the upper end surface of the support column (reflection energy-gathering cover), forming a symmetrical focal-coupled resonant cavity. The material refined by the homogenizing valve (composed of the valve seat and the moving valve) is further collided and homogeneously refined.

Beneficial effects of the utility model: the integrated counter-jet reactor of the utility model is a technology integrating homogenization, jet flow and collision crushing. The homogeneous valve (composed of the valve seat and the moving valve) itself has the jet collision ability, through the collision, the strength of the shock wave generated during the jet collision process is enhanced, the ultra-high pressure and cavitation in the jet field are strengthened, and the The physical and chemical effects on the processed materials are eliminated, and the impact of the jet on the valve body is eliminated. This fluid jet and collision reactor can achieve ultra-fine crushing of fluid materials with low energy consumption. Under certain process conditions, the pair jet reactor can also effectively catalyze the chemical reaction process of fluid materials.

Under the action of ultra-high pressure of 200-600MPA, the material has accumulated a large energy density in the system, and the energy density is about 600-800kw/cm ³ . During the implementation process, the flow time of the material between the valve seat and the movable valve is about 50 microseconds, so that a large amount of energy can be released in a very short time. Therefore, under the fourfold action of the shearing effect of high-speed flow, the collision of high-speed injection, the shock wave effect, and the cavitation effect of instantaneous strong pressure drop, the material can reach nano-scale ultra-fine pulverization, so that the materials are incompatible with each other. The liquid-liquid or liquid-solid suspension homogeneously becomes liquid-liquid emulsifier or liquid-solid dispersion.

The utility model realizes the two-stage processing effect in one step. Compared with the existing one-stage and two-stage homogeneous, it not only has a simpler structure, but also has a remarkable refinement and homogeneous effect, reaching the nanometer level; if the two stages are integrated, it can be realized in one step. Four levels of processing effects. The material continuously pressed into the homogenizing valve can be discharged continuously, and the production efficiency is high. The utility model has wide application prospects in the production and manufacturing fields of energy, chemical industry, building materials, food, medicine and the like.

Description of drawings

Fig. 1 is a schematic structural view of the integrated counter-jet reactor of the present invention.

Fig. 2 is an assembly diagram of the integrated counter jet reactor of the present invention.

Fig. 3 is a top view of the jet reactor valve seat of the present invention.

Fig. 4 is a top view of plane A-A in Fig. 1 .

Fig. 5 is a schematic structural view of the second-stage counter-jet reactor in Example 2 of the present utility model.

Detailed ways

Below in conjunction with specific embodiment, the utility model is described further. It should be understood that the following examples are only used to illustrate the utility model rather than limit the scope of the utility model, and those skilled in the art can make some non-essential improvements and adjustments according to the content of the utility model above.

The fluid, fluid material or processed fluid described in the utility model can be a fluid substance whose continuous phase is a liquid or a fluid substance whose continuous phase is a gas, only because the energy transfer efficiency and physical and chemical effects of the shock wave in the gas medium and It is different in a liquid medium, therefore, unless otherwise specified below, fluid, fluid material or processed fluid all refer to fluid substances with liquid as the continuous phase.

Example 1

As shown in Figure 1-2, the single-group integrated counter-jet reactor of this embodiment includes a cylindrical shell 1 and a cover 2, and the shell 1 and the cover 2 are connected by a threaded airtight connection to form a reaction chamber. The cover body 2 is provided with a material inlet 2-1, and the housing 1 is provided with a material outlet 1-1, and a valve seat 3, a moving valve 4 and a spring 5 are sequentially installed in the reaction chamber from top to bottom; An ultra-high pressure chamber 6 is formed between the inner upper surface of the cover body 2 and the upper end surface of the valve seat 3, a support column 7 is provided in the reaction chamber, and a central through hole is provided in the movable valve 4, and the diameter of the central through hole is larger than that of the support. The diameter of the pillar is 7, the movable valve 4 is sleeved on the supporting pillar 7 and the upper end surface of the movable valve 4 is higher than the upper end surface of the supporting pillar 7 (reflective energy-gathering cover), and the spring 5 is arranged on the lower end surface of the movable valve 4 , the valve seat 3 is a T-shaped valve seat, the lower end surface of the T-shaped valve seat is provided with an annular protrusion 3-1, and the upper end surface of the T-shaped valve seat is provided with a feed channel 3-2, and the annular protrusion 3-2 -1 closely cooperates with the upper end surface of the movable valve 4, and the lower end surface of the valve seat 3, the upper end surface of the support column 7 and the inner ring side wall of the movable valve 4 form a symmetrical focal coupling resonant cavity 8.

A discharge channel 9 is formed between the inner ring side wall of the movable valve 4 of the utility model and the outer wall of the support column 7, and the discharge channel 9 communicates with the discharge port 1-1, specifically, as shown in Figure 4, the The base 7-1 of the support column 7 and the housing 1 are of an integrated structure, the support column 7 is fixedly connected to the inner wall of the housing 1 through the base 7-1, and the side wall of the base 7-1 is connected to the housing 1 1 is provided with several arc-shaped discharge channels 7-2 between the inner walls of the discharge port.

Further, the housing 1 is provided with an annular spring installation groove 1-2, the spring 5 is arranged in the spring installation groove 1-2, and the upper end surface of the movable valve 4 is provided with an annular groove 4-1, increasing the The impact force of the high-pressure fluid on the movable valve, the feed channel 3-2 on the upper end surface of the valve seat 3 is two semi-arc-shaped feed channels (as shown in Figure 3), further, the feed port 2 -1 and outlet 1-1 are equipped with piezoelectric ceramic pressure sensors.

The upper end surface of the movable valve (the part in contact with the protrusion of the lower end surface of the valve seat), the upper end surface of the support column (reflective energy-gathering cover) and the raised surface of the valve seat of the utility model are all made of high-strength wear-resistant diamond. The shell and cover are made of special nano stainless steel.

The processed fluid of the utility model is a solid-liquid mixed fluid substance with liquid as a continuous phase. The high pressure applied by the ultra-high pressure pump to the material depends on the different application examples of the device, and its range is generally 5-600Mp, and the commonly used range is 220-400Mp.

The utility model can assemble or replace the movable valve by opening the cover body, and the fluid shock wave reactor (integrated jet flow reactor) can be used for different Rapid conversion of process conditions such as different working pressures and different working flow rates required by specific applications.

The working principle of the device is that the fluid material with a certain pressure provided by the fluid power equipment enters the ultra-high pressure cavity through the feed port, and when the ultra-high pressure exceeds the spring force, the high-pressure material presses the actuating valve to make the upper end of the actuating valve work as a valve seat Raised face, forming a slit for jetting inwards. It shoots at the normal axis of the ring at an angle of 360 degrees, generates a shock wave and changes its direction, forms a columnar scattering flow whose midpoint is located on the plane symmetrical normal axis of the two rings, hits the reflective energy-concentrating cover, and is reflected to the jet to form a vortex. After multiple collisions, it is squeezed out of the collision surface, and finally flows out through the discharge flow, and is merged into one path through the discharge port to be discharged from the device to complete the processing process.

This embodiment is an integrated opposed-jet fluid shock wave reactor with a relatively simple structure, which is low in manufacturing cost and easy to assemble. It is used for homogenizing, colliding, crushing or other physical and chemical treatment of particles in the fluid, and realizes two-stage treatment in one step. Effect.

Example 2

As shown in Figure 5, in the integrated two-stage jet-flow reactor of this embodiment, a primary valve 41, a primary valve seat 31, a secondary valve seat 32, and a secondary valve 42 are arranged in the reactor. The feed inlet is arranged on the side wall of the reactor to form a two-stage counter-jet reactor, wherein the lower end surface of the first-stage valve 41 is designed with reference to the lower end surface of the valve seat in Example 1, and the second-stage valve seat 32 and the first-stage support column are designed Integral structure, the lower end surface of the first-stage moving valve 41, the upper end surface of the first-stage valve seat 31 and the upper end surface of the first-stage support column (the first-stage emission energy-concentrating cover) constitute the first-stage focal coupling resonant cavity 81; the second-stage valve seat 32 lower The structure of the end face is the same as that of the lower end face of the valve seat in Embodiment 1. The lower end face of the secondary valve seat 32, the secondary movable valve 42, and the upper end face of the secondary supporting column (the secondary emitting energy-concentrating cover) form a secondary focal coupling resonance Cavity 82; the integrated secondary jet-type fluid shock wave reactor of this embodiment has low manufacturing cost and is easy to assemble. Carry out continuous homogenization, collision, crushing or other physical and chemical treatment of the particles in the fluid, and realize the four-level treatment effect in one step. The materials continuously pressed into the homogenization valve can be continuously discharged, and the production efficiency is high.

Application examples of the integrated (single group/two-stage) pair jet reactor of the present utility model:

1. Enhancing the Alcohol Solubility Test of Nimodipine

Using a medical integrated jet-type fluid shock wave reactor with a power of 15Kw/h and a flow rate of 2m3/h, the nimodipine-alcohol mixture was treated at a pressure of 280MPa. The results and comparison Compared with the sample, the solubility of nimodipine in alcohol is increased by more than 200 times. The amount of alcohol used to dissolve the same amount of medicine is greatly reduced, which can effectively change the physiological stimulation effect on the human body when this type of antihypertensive drug is used.

2. Ultrafine treatment test of zirconia slurry

Using a special fluid shock wave reactor equipment with a power of 22Kw/h and a flow rate of 3m/h, under the working condition of a pressure of 320MPa, the zirconia slurry with a particle size of 5μm is processed into ultrafine zirconia with a particle size of 200nm slurry.

3. Treatment test of new water-based ultra-fine paint

A new type of water-based ultra-fine coating opposite jet reactor with an equipment power of 11Kw/h and a flow rate of 1m3/h is used. The average particle size of the fine paint particles is 4 μm, and the treatment is a water-based ultra-fine paint of 200 nm;

4. Promoting alcoholization process test of liquor products

The power: 15Kw/h, flow rate: 1m3/h medical integrated jet type fluid shock wave reactor, under the pressure of 250MPa, the ordinary liquor is processed, the result is compared with the control sample, using The molecular clusters of liquor treated by the integrated jet-type fluid shock wave reactor become smaller, which can effectively improve the activity of water molecules and ethanol molecules in the liquor, and effectively increase the degree of association between water molecules and ethanol molecules. The catalytic conditions in the treatment process can promote the volatilization of acrolein, hydrogen sulfide and other substances in the wine. The microscopic chemical reactions that take months or even years to complete in the natural aging process of liquor are instantaneously released during the treatment process. Finish. The alcohol content of the processed liquor remains unchanged, the color is crystal clear, the aroma is pure and strong, and the taste is soft and mellow.

The above-mentioned embodiments are only to illustrate the technical concept and characteristics of the present utility model, and its purpose is to allow those of ordinary skill in the art to understand the content of the present utility model and implement it accordingly, and cannot limit the protection scope of the present utility model with this . All equivalent changes or modifications made according to the essence of the content of the utility model shall fall within the scope of protection of the utility model.

Claims (9)

1. a kind of integrated to jet flow type reactor, including cylindrical shell (1) and lid (2), shell (1) and lid (2) Reaction chamber is constituted by screw thread airtight connection, lid (2) is equipped with feed inlet (2-1), and shell (1) is equipped with discharge port (1- 1), it is characterised in that: be sequentially installed with valve seat (3), dynamic valve (4) and spring (5) in the reaction chamber from top to bottom；It is described Super-pressure chamber (6) are constituted between lid (2) inside upper surface and valve seat (3) upper surface, support column is equipped in the reaction chamber (7), the dynamic valve (4) is equipped with central through hole, and the diameter of central through hole is greater than the diameter of support column (7), and dynamic valve (4) are set in On support column (7), on the lower end surface of dynamic valve (4), the valve seat (3) is T-valve seat for the spring (5) setting, under T-valve seat End face is equipped with annular protrusion (3-1), and the upper surface of T-valve seat is equipped with feeding-passage (3-2), the annular protrusion (3-1) with The upper surface of dynamic valve (4) is fitted close, the lower end surface of the valve seat (3), the upper surface of support column (7) and dynamic valve (4) inner ring Side wall constitutes symmetrical burnt coupling type resonant cavity (8), constitutes between the interior ring-side wall of the dynamic valve (4) and the outer wall of support column (7) Current by pass (9), the current by pass (9) communicate with discharge port (1-1).

2. according to claim 1 integrated to jet flow type reactor, it is characterised in that: be equipped in the shell (1) The spring mounting groove (1-2) of annular, spring (5) setting is in spring mounting groove (1-2).

3. according to claim 1 integrated to jet flow type reactor, it is characterised in that: the upper end of the dynamic valve (4) Face is equipped with annular groove (4-1).

4. according to claim 1 integrated to jet flow type reactor, it is characterised in that: valve seat (3) upper surface Feeding-passage (3-2) be two semicircular arc-shapeds feeding-passage.

5. according to claim 1 integrated to jet flow type reactor, it is characterised in that: the support column (7) passes through Pedestal (7-1) is fixedly connected with inner walls, is equipped between the pedestal side wall and the discharge port inner wall of shell several arc-shaped Tapping channel (7-2).

6. according to claim 1 integrated to jet flow type reactor, it is characterised in that: the upper end of the dynamic valve (4) Face is higher than the upper surface of support column (7).

7. according to claim 5 integrated to jet flow type reactor, it is characterised in that: the base of the support column (7) Seat is an integral structure with shell.

8. according to claim 1 integrated to jet flow type reactor, it is characterised in that: the feed inlet (2-1) and Piezoelectric pressure sensor is equipped at discharge port (1-1).

9. according to claim 1 integrated to jet flow type reactor, it is characterised in that: add one in the high pressure chest Feed inlet setting is constituted second level to jet flow type reactor in sidewall of reactor by the dynamic valve of group and valve seat.