CN209372959U - Intelligent electric meter for non-invasive power load measurement - Google Patents
Intelligent electric meter for non-invasive power load measurement Download PDFInfo
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- CN209372959U CN209372959U CN201821695246.5U CN201821695246U CN209372959U CN 209372959 U CN209372959 U CN 209372959U CN 201821695246 U CN201821695246 U CN 201821695246U CN 209372959 U CN209372959 U CN 209372959U
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Abstract
The utility model discloses a smart electric meter for non-invasive power load measurement, its microcontroller of piece, sampling module, communication module, storage module, power module and the scattered circuit in rest. The intelligent electric meter obtains current and voltage data through a method of arranging a sensor on a home-entering electric wire of a user and directly collecting the data, obtains parameter data such as active power/active power, harmonic waves, electric energy, time and the like which can be used for non-invasive power load monitoring and measurement after certain processing, and a prefabricated software part can obtain identification data of user electric equipment according to a corresponding algorithm. The identification result of the electric equipment and the electric energy measurement result are uploaded to an upper database and a server for power supply enterprises in the modes of RS-485, electric power optical fiber, wireless communication and the like.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to ARM development boards, using embedded development technology, mainly towards non-intrusion type load monitoring with
It decomposes, provides the apparatus preferable sampling plans, and provide programming module, are uploaded and are changed with electricity supply and use equipment identification algorithm
Into demand.
Background technique
In recent years, the requirement that China works for energy consumption monitoring is higher and higher, and reinforcing energy consumption monitoring reduces energy for China
Source consumption and spending, raising energy utilization rate, realization sustainable development, building a conservation-minded society has particularly important reality meaning
Justice, and non-intrusion type load monitoring is then the effective ways for realizing the work.Skill is measured compared to traditional intrusive electric load
Art, non-intrusive electrical load measuring technique install sensing equipment without " nearly load ", and only pass through electric load inlet
The various informations such as electric current, voltage are measured and are analyzed, and it is negative can to obtain all kinds of Overload Class, harmonic wave, energy consumption etc. inside user
Lotus feature.The technology is the important sources that power supply company understands the load details of electric system, composition and specific gravity, and becomes and realize
The important channel to work above, while user can be made to understand electricity consumption situation in detail in user side installation relevant device, rationally to purchase
It sets electrical equipment and electric appliance is arranged to use.
It realizes that non-intrusion type load monitoring needs corresponding data acquisition equipment, accurately measure custom power load
The electric current and information of voltage of inlet, and by the way that the parameters such as active power, reactive power, time, frequency, harmonic wave are calculated,
Electricity consumption situation analysis is finally obtained by non-intrusive electrical load decomposer.From user's acquisition come voltage and current need by
Pretreatment, to meet the input range of acquisition module, and need to combine the accuracy of sampled data.Data by acquisition pass
By reduction treatment, memory module is transmitted to by dma mode and waits further transmission, or directly by corresponding load decomposition and electricity
Device electricity consumption state identification algorithm is used, obtained identification result.Energy measurement information and electrical equipment identification result are by logical
Letter is transferred to power supply enterprise, to charge, analyze and establish database.
Utility model content
The present invention is mainly the electricity consumption data acquisition system for being used for non-intrusion type load monitoring and decomposition, can be effective
Measurement user voltage and current information, through data processing obtain for electric energy tariffing information and non-intrusion type load monitoring with
The feature set of decomposition, is transferred in memory and saves.The factors such as feature set such as current/voltage, idle/active power will be by preset
Non-intrusion type load monitoring acquire corresponding identification result to the algorithm of decomposition, be transmitted to confession together with above-mentioned energy measurement information
Electric enterprise.In order to realize the target, the utility model adopts the following technical solution:
A kind of intelligent electric meter for non-intrusive electrical load measurement, it is characterised in that: including model LPC1751's
MCU, and connect simultaneously with MCU acquisition module, reference voltage and power supply, programming module, communication module, watchdog circuit,
EEPROM8, status display circuit.
In a kind of above-mentioned intelligent electric meter for non-intrusive electrical load measurement, the acquisition module is adopted by electric current
Sample processing circuit, voltage sample processing circuit and three parts of reference voltage by power supply offer form, current sample processing
Circuit 1, voltage sample processing circuit 3 and the reference voltage 2 provided by power supply are connect with MCU simultaneously；The acquisition of voltage is direct
Setting range is narrowed down to from two-wire of registering one's residence, and by bleeder circuit；The acquisition of electric current is passed through by Hall current sensor
Two input quantities of single treatment access sequentially connected two amplifiers and a bias voltage provided by power supply.
In a kind of above-mentioned intelligent electric meter for non-intrusive electrical load measurement, the chip that communication module is selected is
ISO3082, input terminal connects the output end of microcontroller CortexM3, by the voltage of independent source of stable pressure supply communication signal.
The communication mode used is differential type RS-485 mode.
Acquisition module circuit is divided into two parts: current sample part 1, is carried out electric current using Hall current sensor
Current information is converted to information of voltage by current-to-voltage converting circuit by a certain proportion of scaling；Voltage sample part 3, makes
With bleeder circuit, input voltage is directly subjected to a certain proportion of scaling.Two kinds of data are by certain processing to meet modulus
The input requirements of converter.The equipment has used a kind of new-type sampling processing, improves hits by a correction formula
The reliability of value improves the precision of non-intrusion type load monitoring and decomposition.
The direct source of power module 2 is household voltage, will using the LD05-23B24 power module of the production of MORNSUN company
Alternating current is converted to the DC voltage of 24V, and is further refined as each voltage value, defeated with the voltage for meeting each prototype part
Enter.Power module also will provide accurately voltage source for the establishment voltage of ADC and Acquisition Circuit simultaneously.
MCU4 using according to CortexM3 core, by receiving the LPC1751 of Zhi Jie company production, can quickly handle corresponding
Information completes all kinds of operations and each generic operation, and possesses the flash memory and DMA function of 512K, quickly can store or read one
Quantitative data reduce the computation burden of the MCU, improve the efficiency of task processing.The microcontroller power consumption is lower, when energy is long
Between adapt to the operation conditions of the environment.It is equipped with one piece of SRAM, to store provisional weight event, equipment chained list.The microprocessor is certainly
With multiple converters, the cost and complexity using metering chip scheme are reduced together with above-mentioned acquisition module, and obtain
More feature set informations.
The communication module 6 of the equipment can complete the work that data exchange is carried out with host computer.Consider asking for cost and demand
Topic, equipment choosing ISO3082 chip is isolated RS-485 communication mode, and perfection agrees with DTL-645 intelligent electric meter specification
Physical interface.The equipment possesses the programming module 5 of the 2x10 of a standard also for the update in procedure, data library, can be according to need
Non-intrusion type load monitoring algorithm relevant to decomposition is updated, the precision and follow-up follow-up service of electric appliance identification are improved.
EEPROM8 uses AT24C64, capacity 64K to can be used for storing the local data base for needing frequently to change, electricity
It can metering data and NILMD Identification Data.
The equipment is gathered around there are three timer, one of them for high-resolution timer with for accurately complete sampling and
Every it is usual function (periodically with count) that other two, which are general timer,；Watchdog circuit 7 selects chip SP706S, can be
The device is resetted when software fault, prevents program from entering unlimited race and flies state.
The equipment also has the hardware such as LED, provides the information (i.e. status display circuit 9) of operating status.Above is several
Module and component to form integrated circuit by effectively designing, space resources are effectively utilized, so that volume adequacy.It selects
Component constitute cost it is limited, to realize the realistic meaning and purpose of large-scale promotion.
The current-voltage information of effective acquisition user side can be carried out certain conversion and calculating, obtained by the equipment
The information such as function power and reactive power, carry out certain analysis and database match obtain it is certain as a result, simultaneously can be by the letter
Breath is transferred to power supply enterprise, for subsequent need.Therefore the hardware foundation described in the text for the equipment, other function need to be by soft
Part part further realizes, and corresponding non-intrusion type load monitoring will be reached by programming with burning with decomposition algorithm.
The utility model has the advantages that 1., and cost is relatively low, set NILMD and automatic meter-reading, is conducive to universal；2.
Power consumption is lower, is adapted to run for a long time under working environment；3. the jtag interface of standard provides for subsequent programming update
Channel.
Detailed description of the invention
Attached drawing 1 is the principle design concept figure of the equipment.The electricity consumption data acquisition system primarily to collect voltage with
Current information uses for load decomposition analysis and electrical equipment identification, so being equipped with powerful MCU and writing burning journey
The ability of sequence, to meet all kinds of demands.
Attached drawing 2 is the principle sketch of the Acquisition Circuit of the equipment, the use of device is mainly that two sensors and operation are put
Big device.
Attached drawing 3 is the electrical schematic diagram of the specific component models of the equipment, and part voltage-stabilizing device and power supply circuit are not listed in
Wherein.
Attached drawing 4 is jtag interface of the module in addition to standard 2x10, the definition of external each pin.
Specific embodiment
This equipment is by providing more accurately sampling processing and the subsequent non-intrusion type load that can remotely update
Monitoring and decomposition intelligent electric meter, specific structure such as Fig. 3.
Sampled reference voltage 2 supplies corresponding DC voltage-stabilizing by regulating circuit, and is provided by voltage-stabilizing device and bleeder circuit
1.65V reference voltage.Current sample processing circuit 1 and voltage sample processing circuit 3 use two operational amplifiers, and base
Quasi- voltage then acts between two amplifiers, makes the input value of analog-digital converter between 0-3.3V by conditioning.Two are adopted
The output end of sample circuit directly connects to the MCU4 module for having AD function.
Watchdog circuit 7 is connected with MCU4, possesses highest interrupt priority level, as MCU4 because interference program is run when flying
It waits, when which cannot get the signal that MCU4 is sent, the pin being connected toward MCU reset pin is sent out into a reset letter
Number, make its reset.Status display circuit 9 is used two kinds of colors (i.e. red, green) using the common defeated entry/exit pin of MCU4
The operating condition for indicating the equipment reaches a simple prompting.
EEPROM8 (with electrically erasable programmable read-write memory) is connected with the respective pins of MCU5, can store in PC
The program write is held, the upgrading of the equipment factory function and the software section in future is completed.Programming module 5 and MCU4 is two-way
It connects, to support subsequent non-intrusion type load monitoring and decompose the algorithm of aspect to be promoted.
The input terminal and MCU54 of communication module 6, the module can by the transformation of certain hardware and software support RS485,
RS232, USB and DLT645- multifunctional electric energy meter communication protocol.
The difference of the equipment and general non-intrusion type load monitoring and resolving device is that the equipment is focusing on electricity consumption
Except the identification of equipment, the same acquisition and reliability for focusing on data.The quality of sampled data directly influences electric appliance identification
Accuracy, so we will carry out the data certain correction before using the result directly sampled.Here it will use
A kind of processing method carrys out correction data, and the sampling processing circuit of this algorithm and the equipment has direct association, and this method
The memory module of the equipment should be pre-deposited.This kind of method is described below.
Data processing for voltage sample result is converted by the following formula, it can be made to be converted to simulation
The actual value of amount:
VIt is real=(ADV*3.3/4096-c) * K*b
In the formula, ADV is the sampled value (being identified with 12bit) that converter is converted into digital quantity；C is by sampling originally
The sampling central point of sine image caused by source；K is amplification factor；B is ratio amendment.
For coefficient c and b, there are following 2 formulas to calculate.The calculation of c are as follows:
C=c0+(Vmax+Vmin)/(2*K*b)
c0For the central point of default, due to the precision and performance of voltage, resistance, to generate drift.So must pass through
It is inclined that the measurement of actual value carries out school.We are used herein with polar two groups of voltage measurements, which is measurement range
Extreme value.Assuming that being respectively+212 and -208 by two values that the secondary measurement obtains, then in should being corrected by the measurement
The numerical value of heart point.The identical numerical value with opposed polarity of absolute value can be used to verify, it, can if program for correcting phase difference is few several times
To determine the central point after correction (if sample is enough to can also be used greatly the methods of extreme mean value) using the method for average value.b
Calculation and c have similarity, be the calculation of b below:
B=Vmax/VMark
The calculating of b is still to be able to maintain good basis in the surveying range in expectation to establish.Necessity of the coefficient
Property it is still and related using the performance of circuit, which cannot be guaranteed the accurate of enlargement ratio, it is therefore desirable to which we are additional
Come through the compensating coefficient.Except maximum value, on the basis of the correction of c finishes, b can also be surveyed with the different value of multiple groups
It measures and compares, measured value is the bigger the better for monodrome.
By the compensation of this kind of algorithm, we can collect preferable data, to obtain more accurately result.But it to reach
Still also depend on the superiority and inferiority of the related algorithm with non-intrusion type load monitoring and decomposition to preferable electric appliance recognition effect.Come at present
It says, the main inductive algorithm of NILM is unsupervised and supervised learning algorithm.Supervised learning algorithm passes through to a large amount of existing device
It carries out sampled data acquisition and obtains database, and further trained in following electric appliance identification using such data and label
Reach preferable recognition effect.And unsupervised learning algorithm finds rule in measured data, and according to their predicable
(similitude of feature space) comes packet count strong point.The characteristics of unsupervised approaches, is that they do not need to prepare reference data, so
And its accuracy is usually less than measure of supervision.Among other a large amount of algorithms are also employed in non-intrusion type load monitoring and decompose, example
Such as neural network algorithm, k-NN, ant colony optimization algorithm, genetic algorithm.It is being applied to non-intrusion type load monitoring and decomposition
In intelligent electric meter, algorithm content is not limited, and the selection of algorithm is selected as needed, and can pass through the programming at the end PC
It is realized with burning, to achieve the purpose that flexibly to use, and future algorithms progress bring can be met to improve.
The equipment is mainly to transmit data to based on power supply enterprise, it is achieved that supervision algorithm can be with enterprises end of powering
Based on database and analysis.The MCU supports ethernet communication, or directly uses internet, can also lead on the device
Expansion is crossed to reach or power supply enterprise is in the corresponding converting interface of the regional construction.One piece can be increased by improving if needed
Liquid crystal display realizes the display of user side, and corresponding electricity consumption situation (or identification situation) can also pass through power supply enterprise
Feedback is to obtain.
The utility model needs the hardware and its connection structure of foregoing description to be protected, for being related to the processing side of signal
Method and process are the working principles in order to explain the hardware configuration of the utility model, are not belonging to the protection scope of the utility model,
After the hardware connection structure of the utility model, the process of signal processing can be achieved by the prior art.
Apparently with this, those skilled in the art can carry out various changes and deformation without departing from this hair according to the present invention
Bright spirit and scope.If these modifications and variations are within the scope of the claims of the present invention and its equivalent technology, then
It all falls within the claimed scope of the invention.
Claims (3)
1. a kind of intelligent electric meter for non-intrusive electrical load measurement, it is characterised in that: including model LPC1751's
MCU, and connect simultaneously with MCU acquisition module, reference voltage and power supply, programming module, communication module, watchdog circuit,
EEPROM8, status display circuit.
2. a kind of intelligent electric meter for non-intrusive electrical load measurement as described in claim 1, it is characterised in that: described
Acquisition module by current sample processing circuit, voltage sample processing circuit and by power supply provide three parts of reference voltage
Composition, current sample processing circuit 1, voltage sample processing circuit 3 and the reference voltage 2 provided by power supply connect with MCU simultaneously
It connects；The acquisition of voltage is directed to two-wire of registering one's residence, and narrows down to setting range by bleeder circuit；The acquisition of electric current is by suddenly
That current sensor, two input quantities by single treatment access sequentially connected two amplifiers and are provided with one by power supply
Bias voltage.
3. a kind of intelligent electric meter for non-intrusive electrical load measurement as described in claim 1, it is characterised in that: communication
The chip that module is selected is ISO3082, and input terminal connects the output end of microcontroller CortexM3, supplied by independent source of stable pressure
The voltage of signal of communication, the communication mode used are differential type RS-485 mode.
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| CN201821695246.5U CN209372959U (en) | 2018-10-18 | 2018-10-18 | Intelligent electric meter for non-invasive power load measurement |
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Cited By (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN112015116A (en) * | 2020-08-20 | 2020-12-01 | 国网天津市电力公司 | Load sensing method and device capable of collecting electric appliance fingerprints in multi-environment |
| CN112383143A (en) * | 2020-10-29 | 2021-02-19 | 国网河南省电力公司郑州供电公司 | Power consumer power monitoring device and power load identification method |
| CN112671097A (en) * | 2020-12-01 | 2021-04-16 | 南京工程学院 | Non-invasive power load data acquisition and storage integrated system and method |
| CN113050486A (en) * | 2021-03-12 | 2021-06-29 | 南京工程学院 | Electric power system edge calculation and data distribution device based on industrial personal computer |
| CN114755491A (en) * | 2022-03-23 | 2022-07-15 | 国网河北省电力有限公司保定供电分公司 | Non-invasive acquisition terminal |
-
2018
- 2018-10-18 CN CN201821695246.5U patent/CN209372959U/en active Active
Cited By (7)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN112015116A (en) * | 2020-08-20 | 2020-12-01 | 国网天津市电力公司 | Load sensing method and device capable of collecting electric appliance fingerprints in multi-environment |
| CN112015116B (en) * | 2020-08-20 | 2024-03-29 | 国网天津市电力公司 | Load sensing method and device capable of collecting appliance fingerprints in multiple environments |
| CN112383143A (en) * | 2020-10-29 | 2021-02-19 | 国网河南省电力公司郑州供电公司 | Power consumer power monitoring device and power load identification method |
| CN112671097A (en) * | 2020-12-01 | 2021-04-16 | 南京工程学院 | Non-invasive power load data acquisition and storage integrated system and method |
| CN113050486A (en) * | 2021-03-12 | 2021-06-29 | 南京工程学院 | Electric power system edge calculation and data distribution device based on industrial personal computer |
| CN113050486B (en) * | 2021-03-12 | 2022-06-17 | 南京工程学院 | Electric power system edge calculation and data distribution device based on industrial personal computer |
| CN114755491A (en) * | 2022-03-23 | 2022-07-15 | 国网河北省电力有限公司保定供电分公司 | Non-invasive acquisition terminal |
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