CN209292104U - A kind of waste water treatment system - Google Patents

Abstract

The utility model relates to a kind of waste water treatment systems, belong to field of environment protection equipment.Waste water treatment system in the prior art can not achieve backwash.The mixing conditioning tank in the utility model, oxidation pond, reaction tank, neutralization pond, sedimentation basin, sand filter, intermediate water tank, No.1 cartridge filter, ultrafilter, No.1 reuse pool, No. two cartridge filters, reverse osmosis unit and No. two reuse pools are sequentially connected, the sedimentation basin, sludge-tank and filter press are sequentially connected, the sodium pyrosulfite throwing device is connect with oxidation pond, the heavy metal capturing agent throwing device and coagulant dosage device are connect with reaction tank, the lye throwing device and flocculating agent feeding device are connect with neutralization pond, the oxidation pond, reaction tank and neutralization pond are connect with Roots blower.The system can realize backwash function, while can carry out hyperfiltration treatment and reverse osmosis treatment to waste water, can achieve better treatment effect, reach higher treatment effeciency.

Description

A kind of waste water treatment system

Technical field

The utility model relates to a kind of waste water treatment systems, belong to field of environment protection equipment.

Background technique

Heavy metal in waste water is that various common methods cannot decompose destruction, and can only shift they there are position and Change their physics and chemical form.For example, after chemical precipitation is handled, the ionic condition of heavy metal in waste water from dissolution It is transformed into insoluble chemical compound and precipitates, Cong Shuizhong is transferred in sludge；Metal after ion-exchange treatment, in waste water In ion-transfer to ion exchange resin；It is transferred in regeneration liquid waste from ion exchange resin again after regeneration.In short, a huge sum of money Belong to waste water and form two kinds of products after processing, first is that the processing water of heavy metal is substantially stripped of, first is that the concentration of heavy metal produces Object.Heavy metal concentration can be discharged lower than the processing water of discharge standard；If meeting production technology water requirement, best reuse. Heavy metal in enriched product mostly has use value, should recycle as far as possible；There is no recovery value, to be subject to innoxious place Reason.

The improvement of heavy metal wastewater thereby, it is necessary to use aggregate measures.Firstly, it is the most fundamental be reform production technology, do not have to or Few heavy metal big with toxicity；Reasonable process flow and perfect life are followed by used in the production process using heavy metal Equipment is produced, the production management and operation operation of science is carried out, reduces the consumption of heavy metal and the number of dropouts with waste water；In this base Waste water few to quantity on plinth, that concentration is low is effectively handled.Heavy metal wastewater thereby should generate place treatment in situ, different The mixing of other waste water, in order to avoid complicate processing.Less it should be directly discharged into city sewer without processing, it is mixed with municipal sewage It closes and enters sewage treatment plant.If using the sludge for containing heavy metal and waste water as fertilizer and irrigated farmland, soil can be made to get dirty Dye, causes heavy metal to put aside in crops.The highest heavy metal of concentration coefficient is cadmium, nickel and zinc in crops, and in water The highest heavy metal of concentration coefficient is mercury, zinc etc. in biology.

Sewage disposal system, is a kind of sanitary sewage that city can be effectively treated, and the industrial equipment of industrial wastewater etc. avoids Sewage and pollutant flow directly into waters, to improving the ecological environment, promote city taste and promote economic development with important meaning Justice.Waste water treatment system in the prior art can not achieve backwash, while also relatively simple in the process of processing, only in waste water Some medicaments are added, but less than ideal treatment effect.

In view of this, disclosed in the patent document application No. is 201711057977.7 a kind of waste water treatment system and Method, system include being sequentially connected logical anaerobic ammoniation processing unit, MBR processing unit and deamination processing unit；It is described to detest Oxygen ammoniated treatment unit is used to convert nitrogen-containing wastewater for the waste water containing DMF and/or DMAC, and goes organic in waste water Object；The MBR processing unit is used to remove the solid suspension and sludge in nitrogen-containing wastewater；The deamination processing unit is used for Remove the ammonia nitrogen in nitrogen-containing wastewater.Waste water treatment system and method object in above-mentioned documents is more single, is simultaneously System can not carry out backwash.

Utility model content

The purpose of the utility model is to overcome the above deficiencies in the existing technologies, and provide a kind of structure design conjunction The waste water treatment system of reason.

The technical scheme in the invention for solving the above technical problem is: the waste water treatment system, design feature exist In: including heavy metal capturing agent throwing device, lye throwing device, coagulant dosage device, flocculating agent feeding device, burnt sulfurous Sour sodium throwing device, Roots blower, mixing conditioning tank, oxidation pond, reaction tank, neutralization pond, sedimentation basin, sand filter, intermediate water Case, No.1 cartridge filter, ultrafilter, No.1 reuse pool, filter press, sludge-tank, No. two reuse pools, reverse osmosis unit and No. two cartridge filters；The mixing conditioning tank, oxidation pond, reaction tank, neutralization pond, sedimentation basin, sand filter, intermediate water tank, one Number cartridge filter, ultrafilter, No.1 reuse pool, No. two cartridge filters, reverse osmosis unit and No. two reuse pools are successively Connection, the sedimentation basin, sludge-tank and filter press are sequentially connected, and the sodium pyrosulfite throwing device is connect with oxidation pond, institute It states heavy metal capturing agent throwing device and coagulant dosage device is connect with reaction tank, the lye throwing device and flocculant Throwing device is connect with neutralization pond, and the oxidation pond, reaction tank and neutralization pond are connect with Roots blower.The system can be real Existing backwash function, while hyperfiltration treatment and reverse osmosis treatment can be carried out to waste water, it can achieve better treatment effect, reach more High treatment effeciency.

Further, the mixing conditioning tank is connected to oxidation pond by No.1 waste pipe, the sand filter and intermediate water Case is connected to No.1 cartridge filter by No. three waste pipes by No. two waste pipe connections, the intermediate water tank, the No.1 Cartridge filter is connected to ultrafilter by No. four waste pipes, and the ultrafilter and No.1 reuse pool are connected by No. five waste pipes Logical, the No.1 reuse pool is connected to No. two cartridge filters by No. six waste pipes, No. two cartridge filters with instead Permeability apparatus is connected to No. two reuse pools by No. eight waste pipes by No. seven waste pipe connections, the reverse osmosis unit, institute It states No. five waste pipes and is connected to No. eight waste pipes by No. nine waste pipes, No. nine waste pipes pass through No. ten with conditioning tank is mixed Waste pipe connection, described No. ten waste pipes are connected to intermediate water tank by ride on Bus No. 11 waste pipe, the filter press with mix adjusting Pond passes through ten No. two waste pipe connections；The sedimentation basin is connected to sludge-tank by No.1 sludge pipe, the sludge-tank and pressure Filter passes through No. two sludge pipe connections；No. six waste pipes are connected to sand filter by No.1 backwash tube, the sand filter with No. ten waste pipes pass through No. two backwash tube connections；The Roots blower and oxidation pond pass through No.1 air line, sieve By No. two air lines, the Roots blower passes through No. three air lines with neutralization pond for thatch air blower and reaction tank； The sodium pyrosulfite throwing device is connected to oxidation pond by No. five medicament pipes, the heavy metal capturing agent throwing device and anti- Ying Chi is connected to by No.1 medicament pipe, and the coagulant dosage device is connected to reaction tank by No. three medicament pipes, the lye Throwing device is connected to neutralization pond by No. two medicament pipes, and the flocculating agent feeding device and neutralization pond pass through No. four medicament Guan Lian It is logical.

Further, the waste water treatment system further includes the waste residue transport vehicle for transporting evaporation waste residue.

Further, water pump is installed on the No.1 waste pipe, sludge pump is installed on No. two sludge pipes, it is described It is mounted on booster pump on No. three waste pipes, No. six waste pipes, No. seven waste pipes, No.1 sludge pipe and No.1 backwash tube, it is described It is mounted on No. five waste pipes, No. six waste pipes, No. eight waste pipes, No. nine waste pipes, No. two sludge pipes and No.1 backwash tube Valve.

Further, the valve being mounted on No. six waste pipes is used to control the booster pump being mounted on No. six waste pipes, For valve on No. two sludge pipes for controlling sludge pump, the valve being mounted on No.1 backwash tube is mounted on one for controlling Booster pump on number backwash tube.Convenient for controlling each pipeline.

Further, the waste water treatment system further includes emergency lagoon, to do the emergency processing of whole system.

Further, the treatment process of the waste water treatment system, it is characterized in that: the treatment process is as follows: coming Sewage Disposal is delivered to by drainage collection pipe network from the production waste water in workshop, it is useless to collect production through mixing conditioning tank first Water, and biggish floating material and suspended matter in production waste water are removed, sediment removes production through sludge pumping to filter press The water of biggish floating material and suspended matter is sent into oxidation pond through water pump in waste water, and reducing agent is added, then flows into reaction tank and weight is added Then metal capturing agent and PAC flow into neutralization pond, liquid alkaline and PAM is added, then flow into sedimentation basin, the sludge in sedimentation basin is through dirt Mud is pumped to filter press；Supernatant water outlet enters sand filter, then enters intermediate water tank, then squeeze into ultrafilter, shape through booster pump At ultrafiltration clear water and ultrafiltration concentrated water, ultrafiltration clear water enters No.1 reuse pool later；Then a part of ultrafiltration clear water is through booster pump It is promoted to roof reuse tank, finally enters workshop reuse；Another part ultrafiltration clear water enters reverse osmosis unit, through reverse osmosis unit After be discharged, form reverse osmosis clear water and reverse osmosis concentrated water, reverse osmosis clear water enters No. two reuse pools, reverse osmosis concentrated water and ultrafiltration Concentrated water enters evaporator after converging.

Further, waste residue being evaporated after evaporation and being transported to special temporary place, periodically commission has corresponding unit to be recycled.

Further, the sludge in sludge-tank enters filter press by sludge pump.

Further, which realizes wastewater zero discharge.

Compared with prior art, the utility model has the advantage that

1, whole system is able to achieve sewage " zero-emission "；Water outlet can satisfy sewage drainage standard.

2, sewage zero-discharge, disposable to put into, later period operating cost is lower, reduces the burden on enterprises.

3, the system can realize backwash function, while can carry out hyperfiltration treatment and reverse osmosis treatment to waste water, can achieve Better treatment effect reaches higher treatment effeciency.

4, the system can utilize Sewage treatment, reduce the waste of water resource, can reduce the pollution to soil.

Detailed description of the invention

Fig. 1 is the connection schematic diagram of the waste water treatment system of the utility model embodiment.

Fig. 2 is the flow diagram of the waste water treatment process of the utility model embodiment.

Fig. 3 is the sludge treatment flow chart of the utility model embodiment

In figure: heavy metal capturing agent throwing device 1, lye throwing device 2, coagulant dosage device 3, flocculant concentration dress Set 4, sodium pyrosulfite throwing device 5, Roots blower 6, mixing conditioning tank 7, oxidation pond 8, reaction tank 9, neutralization pond 10, precipitating Pond 11, sand filter 12, intermediate water tank 13, No.1 cartridge filter 14, ultrafilter 15, No.1 reuse pool 16, filter press 17, dirt 18, No. two reuse pools 19 of mud sump, reverse osmosis unit 20, No. two cartridge filters 21, waste residue transport vehicle 22, water pumps 23, sludge Pump 24, booster pump 25, valve 26, No.1 air hose A1, No. two air hose A2, No. three air hose A3, No.1 waste pipe B1, No. two Waste pipe B2, No. three waste pipe B3, No. four waste pipe B4, No. five waste pipe B5, No. six waste pipe B6, No. seven waste pipe B7, eight Number waste pipe B8, No. nine waste pipe B9, No. ten waste pipe B10, ride on Bus No. 11 waste pipe B11, ten No. two waste pipe B12, No.1s Sludge pipe C1, No. two sludge pipe C2, No.1 medicament pipe D1, No. two medicament pipe D2, No. three medicament pipe D3, No. four medicament pipe D4, five Number medicament pipe D5, No.1 backwash tube E1, No. two backwash tube E2.

Specific embodiment

The utility model is described in further detail with reference to the accompanying drawing and by embodiment, and following embodiment is pair The explanation of the utility model and the utility model is not limited to following embodiment.

Embodiment.

Referring to shown in Fig. 1 to Fig. 3, it should however be clear that this specification structure depicted in this specification institute accompanying drawings, ratio, size etc. are only used To cooperate the revealed content of specification, so that those skilled in the art understands and reads, it is practical new to be not limited to this The enforceable qualifications of type, therefore do not have technical essential meaning, the modification of any structure, the change of proportionate relationship or size Adjustment it is practical new should all still to fall in this in the case where not influencing the effect of the utility model can be generated and the purpose that can reach In the range of the revealed technology contents of type can be covered.Meanwhile if in this specification with reference as "upper", "lower", " left side ", The term on " right side ", " centre " and " one " etc. is merely convenient to being illustrated for narration, rather than enforceable to limit the utility model Range, relativeness are altered or modified, under the content of no substantial changes in technology, enforceable when being also considered as the utility model Scope.

Waste water treatment system in the present embodiment, including heavy metal capturing agent throwing device 1, lye throwing device 2, coagulation Agent throwing device 3, flocculating agent feeding device 4, sodium pyrosulfite throwing device 5, Roots blower 6, mixing conditioning tank 7, oxidation Pond 8, reaction tank 9, neutralization pond 10, sedimentation basin 11, sand filter 12, intermediate water tank 13, No.1 cartridge filter 14, ultrafilter 15, 20, No. two No.1 reuse pool 16, filter press 17,18, No. two reuse pools 19 of sludge-tank, reverse osmosis unit cartridge filters 21 With the waste residue transport vehicle 22 for transporting evaporation waste residue；The mixing conditioning tank 7, reaction tank 9, neutralization pond 10, sinks at oxidation pond 8 Shallow lake pond 11, sand filter 12, intermediate water tank 13, No.1 cartridge filter 14, ultrafilter 15, No.1 reuse pool 16, two security personnel Filter 21, reverse osmosis unit 20 and No. two reuse pools 19 are sequentially connected, the sedimentation basin 11, sludge-tank 18 and filter press 17 It is sequentially connected, the sodium pyrosulfite throwing device 5 is connect with oxidation pond 8, the heavy metal capturing agent throwing device 1 and coagulation Agent throwing device 3 is connect with reaction tank 9, and the lye throwing device 2 and flocculating agent feeding device 4 connect with neutralization pond 10 It connects, the oxidation pond 8, reaction tank 9 and neutralization pond 10 are connect with Roots blower 6.

Preferably, the mixing conditioning tank 7 is connected to oxidation pond 8 by No.1 waste pipe B1, the sand filter 12 with Intermediate water tank 13 passes through No. three waste pipes with No.1 cartridge filter 14 by No. two waste pipe B2 connections, the intermediate water tank 13 B3 connection, the No.1 cartridge filter 14 are connected to ultrafilter 15 by No. four waste pipe B4, the ultrafilter 15 and No.1 For reuse pool 16 by No. five waste pipe B5 connections, the No.1 reuse pool 16 and No. two cartridge filters 21 are useless by No. six Water pipe B6 connection, No. two cartridge filters 21 are connected to reverse osmosis unit 20 by No. seven waste pipe B7, described reverse osmosis Device 20 is connected to No. two reuse pools 19 by No. eight waste pipe B8, and No. five waste pipe B5 and No. eight waste pipe B8 pass through No. nine waste pipe B9 connections, No. nine waste pipe B9 are connected to mixing conditioning tank 7 by No. ten waste pipe B10, and described No. ten Waste pipe B10 is connected to intermediate water tank 13 by ride on Bus No. 11 waste pipe B11, and the filter press 17 passes through ten with conditioning tank 7 is mixed No. two waste pipe B12 connections；The sedimentation basin 11 is connected to sludge-tank 18 by No.1 sludge pipe C1, the sludge-tank 18 with Filter press 17 passes through No. two sludge pipe C2 connections；No. six waste pipe B6 are connected to sand filter 12 by No.1 backwash tube E1, The sand filter 12 is connected to No. ten waste pipe B10 by No. two backwash tube E2；The Roots blower 6 passes through with oxidation pond 8 No.1 air hose A1 connection, the Roots blower 6 are connected to reaction tank 9 by No. two air hose A2, the Roots blower 6 It is connected to neutralization pond 10 by No. three air hose A3；The sodium pyrosulfite throwing device 5 passes through No. five medicament pipes with oxidation pond 8 D5 connection, the heavy metal capturing agent throwing device 1 are connected to reaction tank 9 by No.1 medicament pipe D1, the coagulant dosage Device 3 is connected to reaction tank 9 by No. three medicament pipe D3, and the lye throwing device 2 passes through No. two medicament pipes with neutralization pond 10 D2 connection, the flocculating agent feeding device 4 are connected to neutralization pond 10 by No. four medicament pipe D4.

Water pump 23 is installed on the No.1 waste pipe B1 in the present embodiment, dirt is installed on No. two sludge pipe C2 Dredge pump 24, No. three waste pipe B3, No. six waste pipe B6, No. seven waste pipe B7, No.1 sludge pipe C1 and No.1 backwash tube E1 On be mounted on booster pump 25, No. five waste pipe B5, No. six waste pipe B6, No. eight waste pipe B8, No. nine waste pipe B9, two Valve is mounted on number sludge pipe C2 and No.1 backwash tube E1.

The valve 26 being mounted on No. six waste pipe B6 in the present embodiment is mounted on No. six waste pipe B6 for controlling Booster pump 25, the valve 26 on No. two sludge pipe C2 is mounted on No.1 backwash tube E1 for controlling sludge pump 24 Valve 26 is for controlling the booster pump 25 being mounted on No.1 backwash tube E1.

The waste water treatment system in the present embodiment further includes emergency lagoon, to do the emergency processing of whole system.

The treatment process of waste water treatment system in the present embodiment, as follows: the production waste water from workshop is received by draining Collection pipe network is delivered to Sewage Disposal, collects production waste water through mixing conditioning tank 7 first, and removes biggish drift in production waste water Floating object and suspended matter, sediment are sent through sludge pump 24 to filter press 17, while being removed biggish floating material in production waste water and being hanged The water of floating object is sent into oxidation pond 8 through water pump 23, and reducing agent is added, then flows into reaction tank 9 that heavy metal capturing agent and PAC(is added is mixed Solidifying agent), then flow into neutralization pond 10, liquid alkaline and PAM(flocculant is added), then sedimentation basin 11 is flowed into, the sludge in sedimentation basin 11 It send through sludge pump 24 to filter press 17；Supernatant water outlet enters sand filter 12, then enters intermediate water tank 13, then through booster pump 25 Ultrafilter 15 is squeezed into, forms ultrafiltration clear water and ultrafiltration concentrated water, ultrafiltration clear water enters No.1 reuse pool 16 later；Then a part of Ultrafiltration clear water is promoted to roof reuse tank through booster pump 25, finally enters workshop reuse (being mainly back to silk to throw and clean)；Separately A part of ultrafiltration clear water enters reverse osmosis unit 20, is discharged after reverse osmosis unit 20, forms reverse osmosis clear water and reverse osmosis concentrated Water, reverse osmosis clear water enter No. two reuse pool 19(and are back to gypsum flushing), reverse osmosis concentrated water converges laggard with ultrafiltration concentrated water Enter evaporator；Waste residue is evaporated after evaporation and is transported to special temporary place, and periodically commission has corresponding unit to be recycled.

In the treatment process of waste water treatment system in the present embodiment, the sludge in sludge-tank 18 is entered by sludge pump 24 To filter press 17, which realizes wastewater zero discharge.

1, the common processing technique of heavy metal wastewater thereby

1.1 chemical precipitation

Chemical precipitation method is to make to be changed into heavy metal compound not soluble in water in the heavy metal of dissolved state in waste water Method, including neutralize heavy method and sulphide precipitation etc..Neutralization precipitation method be added in the waste water containing heavy metal alkali carry out in and Reaction, makes heavy metal generate hydroxide precipitation form not soluble in water and is separated.Neutralization precipitation method is easy to operate, is common Processing method for waste water.It facts have proved in operation it should be noted that the following:

(1) it after neutralization precipitation, if pH value is high in waste water, can just be discharged after needing neutralisation treatment

(2) it is usually coexisted there are many heavy metal in waste water, when containing the amphoteric metals such as Zn, Pb, Sn, Al in waste water, pH It is worth higher, there may be redissolution to be inclined to, therefore want strict control pH value, carry out fractional precipitation;

(3) some anion are such as in waste water: halogen, cyanogen root, humus are possible to form complex compound with heavy metal, therefore It to be needed with before by pretreatment in;

(4) some particles are small, are not easy to precipitate, then need that the generation of flocculant aids precipitation is added.

1.2 sulphide precipitation

Sulfide precipitation agent, which is added, makes heavy metal ions in wastewater generate the method removed from waste water after sulfide precipitation. Compared with neutralization precipitation method, the advantages of sulphide precipitation, is: solubility of the heavy metal sulfide solubility than its hydroxide Lower, optimal pH is between 7-9 when reaction, and treated, and waste water does not have to neutralize.The shortcomings that sulphide precipitation, is: vulcanization Object precipitate particles are small, easily formation colloid;Sulfide precipitation agent itself remains in water, meets acid and generates hydrogen sulfide gas, generates Secondary pollution.Secondary pollution problem in order to prevent, British scholar have investigated improved sulphide precipitation, i.e., need to handle Sulfide ion and another heavy metal ion (sulfide ion equilibrium concentration ratio of the heavy metal are selectively added in waste water The equilibrium concentration of the sulfide for the heavy metal pollutants for needing to remove is high).Since the sulfide for the heavy metal added is than useless The sulfide of heavy metal in water is more soluble, in such waste water original heavy metal ion just than the heavy metal that adds from Son first separate, while can be effectively prevented from hydrogen sulfide generation and sulfide ion remain the problem of.

1.3 redox handle chemical reduction method

Cr in electroplating wastewater is mainly with Cr⁶⁺Ionic forms exist, therefore add reducing agent for Cr into waste water⁶⁺Reduction At the Cr of micro- poison³⁺Afterwards, feeding lime or NaOH generate Cr (OH)₃Precipitation and separation removal.Chemical reduction method administers electroplating wastewater One of Treatment process applied earliest has a wide range of applications in China, and improvement principle is simple, operation is easy to grasp, can hold By big yield and high-concentration waste water slug.According to the difference for adding reducing agent, FeSO can be divided into₄Method, NaHSO₃Method, iron chip filter, SO₂Method etc..Applied chemistry reduction method handles wastewater with chromium, and when alkalization generally uses lime, but waste residue is more;With NaOH or Na₂CO₃, then The shortcomings that sludge is few, but medicament is costly, and processing cost is big, this is chemical reduction method.

1.4 ferrite process

Ferrite technology is grown up according to the ferritic principle of production.It is added in wastewater with chromium excessive FeSO₄, make Cr⁶⁺It is reduced into Cr³⁺, Fe²⁺It is oxidized to Fe³⁺, pH value is adjusted to 8 or so, and Fe ion and Cr ion is made to generate hydroxide Object precipitating.It is passed through air stirring and hydroxide is added and constantly react, form chromium ferrite.Its typical process has intermittent and connects Continuous formula.The sludge chemical stability that ferrite process is formed is high, is easy to be separated by solid-liquid separation and be dehydrated.Ferrite process is useless containing Cr except that can handle Outside water, the composite waste of electrolytic plating more especially suitable for type containing heavy metal ion.China has had tens using ferrite process Year history, treated, and waste water energy reaches discharge standard, at home using more in electroplating industry.

Ferrite process have many advantages, such as equipment simple, small investment, it is easy to operate, do not generate secondary pollution.But forming iron It needs to heat (about 70 during oxysome^oC), energy consumption is higher, and salinity is high after processing, and has to handle and give up containing Hg and complex compound The shortcomings that water.

1.5 electrolysis method

Electrolysis method, which handles wastewater with chromium, has had more than 20 years history in China, high, without secondary pollution with removal rate, The advantages that heavy metal recoverable precipitated.Metal ion in about 30 various wastewater solution can carry out electro-deposition. Electrolysis method is a kind of processing technique of comparative maturity, can be reduced the production quantity of sludge, and can recycle the metals such as Cu, Ag, Cd, has answered Improvement for waste water.But electrolysis method cost is relatively high, it is general it is concentrated after be electrolysed better economic benefit again.In recent years, electric Solution rapidly develops, and has made intensive studies to corrosion and dust, at the dynamic waste water using corrosion and dust principle development Reason device has good removal effect to heavy metal ion.In addition, Finishing is a new generation, world today electrification Water treatment facilities are learned, Cr, Zn, Ni, Cu, Cd, CN- etc. in surface treatment, coating wastewater and composite waste of electrolytic plating are polluted Object has significant regulation effect.High voltage electrocagulation method improves 20% -30% than traditional electrolyte method current efficiency;Electrolysis time contracting Short 30% -40%;It saves electric energy and reaches 30% -40%;Sludge yield is few;To heavy metal removing rate up to 96% one 99%.

1.6 solvent extraction and separation

Solvent extraction is separation and the common method of cleaning of substances.It since liquid-liquid contacts, can operate continuously, separation effect Fruit is preferable.When in this way, more highly selective extractant is selected, heavy metal in waste water is generally with cation or yin Ionic species exists, such as in acid condition, and complex reaction occurs with extractant, is extracted to organic phase from water phase, then It is stripped into water phase under alkaline condition, makes solvent reclamation to recycle.This requires the attentional selections in extracting operation Aqueous phase acidity.Although extraction has a larger superiority, solvent in the loss and regenerative process in extraction process the energy disappear Consumption is big, makes this method there are certain limitation, using being very restricted.

1.7 absorption method

Absorption method is a kind of effective ways using the unique texture heavy-metal ion removal of adsorbent.At absorption method Manage the active charcoal of adsorbent of electroplated heavy metals waste water, humic acid, sepiolite, polysaccharide resins etc..Active carbon equipment is simple, useless It is widely used in water harnessing, but regenerating active carbon low efficiency, water quality treatment is extremely difficult to reuse requirement, is generally used for electroplating wastewater Pretreatment.Humic acid substance is less expensive adsorbent, and humic acid is made into Humic Acid Resin to handle containing Cr, contain Ni waste water has successful experience.There is correlative study to show that chitosan and its derivative is the good adsorption agent of heavy metal ion, shell After polysaccharide resins crosslinking, reusable 10 times, adsorption capacity is not substantially reduced.Heavy metal is administered using modified sepiolite Waste water is to Pb²⁺、Hg²⁺、Cd²⁺There is good adsorption capacity, content of beary metal is substantially less than integrated wastewater discharge in processed waste water Standard.Separately having document report montmorillonite is also a kind of clay mineral adsorbent of good performance, and aluminium zirconium pillared montmorillonite is in acidity Under the conditions of to Cr⁶⁺Removal rate reach 99%, Cr in water outlet⁶⁺Content is lower than national emission standard, has heat before practical application.

1.8 membrane separation process

Membrane separation process be using possessed by macromolecule selectively come the technology for carrying out substance separation, including it is electrodialysis, anti- Infiltration, membrane extraction, hyperfiltration etc..Metal plating waste water is handled with electroosmose process, processed waste water composition is constant, is conducive to return-enclosure It uses.Containing Cu²⁺、Ni²⁺、Zn²⁺、Cr⁶⁺Equal metal ions waste water is all suitable for electrodialysis process, existing complete set of equipments.Hyperfiltration On a large scale for plating Zn, Ni, Cr rinse water and mixture-metal wastewater treatment.Electroplating wastewater is handled using hyperfiltration, Closed cycle can be realized with reuse by handling water.There are many research report that liquid-film method administers electroplating wastewater, some field liquid-film methods are The initial industrial application stage is entered by fundamental research, as China and Austria are handled with liquid membrane emulsion technology and given up containing Zn Furthermore water is also applied in plating Au liquid waste processing.Membrane extraction technology is a kind of isolation technics efficient, without secondary pollution, this Technology has remarkable progress in terms of metal extraction.

1.9 ion-exchange

Ion-exchange treatment method is to utilize the method for harmful substance in ion-exchanger separation waste water, the ion exchange of application Agent has ion exchange resin, zeolite etc., and ion exchange resin has gel-type and macroporous type.The former is selective, the latter's manufacture It is complicated, at high cost, regenerating agent consumption is big, thus be above very limited in application.Ion exchange is by exchanger itself institute band Energy free-moving ion and processed solution in ion realized by ion exchange.Push the dynamic of ion exchange Power is function base on interionic concentration difference and exchanger to the affinity of ion, and ion is first to be adsorbed in most cases, It is exchanged again, ion-exchanger has absorption, exchange double action.This material using more and more, such as bentonite, it is With montmorillonite clay as main component, there is good water swellability, large specific surface area, stronger adsorption capacity and ion exchange Ability, if the ability of its absorption and ion exchange is stronger after improved.But more difficult life, natural zeolite is useless to heavy metal Have the advantages that in terms of the processing of water than bentonite bigger: zeolite is the aluminium silicate mineral containing grid structure, internal porous, Large specific surface area has unique absorption and ion-exchange capacity.Studies have shown that zeolite heavy-metal ion removal from waste water Mechanism is absorption and ion exchange double action in most cases, increases with flow velocity that ion exchange will replace suction-operated to account for master Want status.If carrying out pretreatment to natural zeolite with NaCl can be improved absorption and ion-exchange capacity.It is handed over by absorption and ion Regenerative process is changed, 30 times of raising can be concentrated in heavy metal ions in wastewater concentration.Zeolite removes copper removal, in NaCl regenerative process, goes Except rate is up to 97% or more, exchange, regeneration cycle can be repeatedly adsorbed, and do not reduce to the removal rate of copper.

2, biologic treating technique

Due to traditional administering method have it is at high cost, complicated for operation, difficult for the harmful pollution of high flow rate light concentration etc. Disadvantage, by the exploration and research of many years, bioremediation Technology is increasingly subject to the attention of people.With the micro- life of resistance to heavy metal toxicity The impetus that flourishes is presented using biotechnology processing electroplated heavy metals waste water, according to a biological removal huge sum of money in the progress of object The mechanism difference for belonging to ion can be divided into bio-flocculation process, biosorption process, biochemical process and phytoremediation.

2.1 bio-flocculation process

Bio-flocculation process is a kind of method for separating polluted particles that the metabolin generated using microorganism or microorganism carries out flocculation sedimentation. Microbial flocculant is that one kind is generated by microorganism and is secreted into extracellular, the metabolin with flocculation activity.Generally by polysaccharide, The polymer substances such as protein, DNA, cellulose, glycoprotein, polyaminoacid are constituted, and containing there are many functional groups in molecule, can make water Middle colloidal suspended substance agglomerates precipitating.To so far, to heavy metal have flocculation there are about more than ten of kind, biology waddings Amino and hydroxyl in solidifying agent can form stable chelating object with heavy metal ion such as Cu2+, Hg2+, Ag+, Au2+ and precipitate down Come.Microbe flocculence processing waste water safe ready is nontoxic, it is good not generate secondary pollution, flocculating effect, and grows fast, easily In realize industrialization the features such as.In addition, microorganism can by genetic engineering, tame or construct the bacterium with specific function Strain.Thus microbiological coagulation method has broad application prospects.

2.2 biosorption process

Biosorption process be adsorbed using the chemical structure and ingredient properties of organism itself metal soluble in water from Son, then the method that the metal ion in aqueous solution is removed by solid-liquid two-phase laminated flow.Using extracellular polymeric separating metal ions, The protein that some bacteriums discharge during the growth process can make heavy metal ion soluble in solution be converted into sediment and go It removes.Biological adsorption agent has the characteristics that source is wide, price is low, adsorption capacity is strong, is easily isolated and recycled heavy metal, extensive Using.

2.3 biochemical process

Biochemical process refers to through microbiological treatment heavy metal-containing waste water, converts insoluble compound for soluble ion And it removes.Biological sulphate reduction method is a kind of canonical biometric chemical method.The method is that sulfate reducing bacteria is logical under anaerobic The sulfate reduction for crossing alienation, by sulfate reduction at H₂S, the heavy metal ion in waste water can be with generated H₂S is anti- The very low metal sulfide precipitating of solubility should be generated and be removed, while H₂SO₄Reduction can be by SO₄ ^2-It is converted into S^2- And increase the pH value of waste water.It is precipitated because of the ionic product very little of many heavy metal ion hydroxide.It is related studies have shown that raw Object chemical Treatment contains Cr⁶⁺Concentration is the waste water removal rate of 30-40mg/L up to 99.67%-99.97%.Someone also utilizes house Animal manure just anaerobically digested sludge carry out acid wastewater in mine heavy metal ion processing, the results showed that this method can effectively remove useless Heavy metal in water.Zhao Xiaohong et al. removes the copper ion in electroplating wastewater with desulfurization enterobacteria (SRV), is in copper mass concentration The solution of 246.8mg/L, when pH is 4.0, removal rate is up to 99.12%.

2.4 phytoremediation

Phytoremediation refers to that using higher plant, the effects of by absorbing, precipitating, be enriched with reduces existing contaminated soil Or the content of beary metal of surface water, to achieve the purpose that pollution administration, repairing environment.Phytoremediation is controlled using ecological engineering A kind of effective ways of environment are managed, it is a kind of extension of biotechnology processing enterprise wastewater.It is main using plant treatment heavy metal It is made of three parts:

(1) toxic metals are drawn, precipitate or are enriched with from waste water using accumulator plant or hyperaccumulative plant;

(2) toxic metals activity is reduced using accumulator plant or hyperaccumulative plant, is drenched so as to reduce heavy metal It filters to underground or is spread by air carrier:

(3) Extraction of Heavy Metals in soil or in water is come out using accumulator plant or hyperaccumulative plant, enrichment is simultaneously Part and Plant aboveground branch part can be gathered in by being transported to plant root.Heavy metal has been accumulated and has been enriched by harvesting or removing The branch of plant reduces the heavy metal concentration in soil or water body.The plant that can be utilized in phytoremediation technology has algae, grass This plant, xylophyta etc..The ability of algae purification heavy metal wastewater thereby, being mainly manifested in has very strong absorption to heavy metal Power utilizes the existing a large amount of reports of the research of algae removal heavy metal ion.Brown alga reaches 400mg/g to the uptake of Au, certain Under the conditions of green alga to the removal rates of the heavy metal ion such as Cu, Pb, La, Cd, Hg up to 80% -90%, sargassum, sargassum thunbergii are to a huge sum of money Although the absorption of category has preferable removal ability not as good as green seaweed.

The existing many reports of the application of herbaceous plant purification of heavy metal waste water.Eichhornia crassipes is generally acknowledged in the world and common one The aquatic floating plant of kind of pollution administration, it has growth rapidly, not only low-temperature-resistant again can high temperature resistant the characteristics of, can rapidly, greatly The various heavies such as Cd, Pb, Hg, Ni, Ag, Co, Cr in amount ground enrichment waste water.Suction in relation to research discovery Eichhornia crassipes to cobalt and zinc Yield is up to 97% and 80% respectively.In addition, there are also many herbaceous plant to have catharsis, it is bitter such as to like alternanthera, the fire hose, thorn Grass, duckweed, Indian mustard etc..

Xylophyta is big with treating capacity, the influence of good purification, climate is small, does not easily cause secondary pollution etc. excellent Point, by people's extensive concern.There is stronger absorption summation to Cd, Hg in soil etc. simultaneously, by the tests knot such as Hu Huanbin Fruit shows: reed and taxodium ascendens have stronger accumulation ability to heavy metal Pb and Cd.

3, control and management system

In order to guarantee sewage treatment process, it is ensured that sewage treatment process is safe and reliable, it is stable, efficiently transport Row makes water outlet reach the water quality requirement of country's discharge water；Cost of sewage disposal is reduced simultaneously, is reduced labor intensity, operation is improved Environment is promoted technological progress, and the advantage of communication network technology is played, and realizes resource-sharing, to improve production efficiency and management water Flat, the design introduces automatic control system.

This engineering uses full-automatic control system, has determined for system requirements and has used programmable controller for control member Part.Automatic control system scheme is to fully consider sewage treatment process requirement, environmental improvement planning, automatization level class On the basis of equal various features, according to advanced, reliable, economic, practical, novel principle, designing has higher automation control Horizontal Modern Live sewage treatment plant.In the design, the advance of operation, management level is both considered, what is used is flexible Property and production maintenance simplicity, allow also for the reasonability of New technical use, economy and sufficiently easy extension at a specified future date Property.

In addition, it should be noted that, the specific embodiments described in this specification, the shape of parts and components are named Title etc. can be different, and above content is only to the utility model structure example explanation described in this specification. All equivalence changes or simple change done according to structure, feature and principle described in the concept of the patent of the utility model, are wrapped It includes in the protection scope of the utility model patent.Those skilled in the art of the present invention can be to described Specific embodiment does various modifications or additions or is substituted in a similar manner, without departing from the knot of the utility model Structure or beyond the scope defined by this claim, all should belong to the protection range of the utility model.

Claims (6)

1. a kind of waste water treatment system, it is characterised in that: including heavy metal capturing agent throwing device, lye throwing device, coagulation It is agent throwing device, flocculating agent feeding device, sodium pyrosulfite throwing device, Roots blower, mixing conditioning tank, oxidation pond, anti- Ying Chi, neutralization pond, sedimentation basin, sand filter, intermediate water tank, No.1 cartridge filter, ultrafilter, No.1 reuse pool, filter press, Sludge-tank, No. two reuse pools, reverse osmosis unit and No. two cartridge filters；The mixing conditioning tank, oxidation pond, reaction tank, Neutralization pond, sedimentation basin, sand filter, intermediate water tank, No.1 cartridge filter, ultrafilter, No.1 reuse pool, No. two security personnel's filterings Device, reverse osmosis unit and No. two reuse pools are sequentially connected, and the sedimentation basin, sludge-tank and filter press are sequentially connected, the coke Sodium sulfite throwing device is connect with oxidation pond, the heavy metal capturing agent throwing device and coagulant dosage device with react Pond connection, the lye throwing device and flocculating agent feeding device are connect with neutralization pond, the oxidation pond, reaction tank and neutralization The connection of Chi Junyu Roots blower.

2. waste water treatment system according to claim 1, it is characterised in that: the mixing conditioning tank and oxidation pond pass through one The connection of number waste pipe, the sand filter are connected to intermediate water tank by No. two waste pipes, and the intermediate water tank was ensured public security with No.1 Filter is connected to ultrafilter by No. four waste pipes by No. three waste pipe connections, the No.1 cartridge filter, the ultrafiltration Machine is connected to No.1 reuse pool by No. five waste pipes, and the No.1 reuse pool and No. two cartridge filters are useless by No. six Water pipe connection, No. two cartridge filters are connected to reverse osmosis unit by No. seven waste pipes, the reverse osmosis unit and two Number reuse pool is connected to No. eight waste pipes by No. nine waste pipes by No. eight waste pipes connections, No. five waste pipes, institute It states No. nine waste pipes and is connected to mixing conditioning tank by No. ten waste pipes, described No. ten waste pipes and intermediate water tank pass through ride on Bus No. 11 Waste pipe connection, the filter press are connected to mixing conditioning tank by ten No. two waste pipes；The sedimentation basin and sludge-tank are logical The connection of No.1 sludge pipe is crossed, the sludge-tank is connected to filter press by No. two sludge pipes；No. six waste pipes and sand filter It is connected to by No.1 backwash tube, the sand filter is connected to No. ten waste pipes by No. two backwash tubes；The Roots blower with Oxidation pond passes through No. two air lines, Roots's drum by No.1 air line, the Roots blower and reaction tank Blower and neutralization pond pass through No. three air lines；The sodium pyrosulfite throwing device and oxidation pond pass through No. five medicament Guan Lian Logical, the heavy metal capturing agent throwing device is connected to reaction tank by No.1 medicament pipe, the coagulant dosage device with instead Ying Chi is connected to neutralization pond by No. two medicament pipes by No. three medicament pipe connections, the lye throwing device, the flocculant Throwing device is connected to neutralization pond by No. four medicament pipes.

3. waste water treatment system according to claim 1, it is characterised in that: the waste water treatment system further includes for transporting The waste residue transport vehicle of defeated evaporation waste residue.

4. waste water treatment system according to claim 2, it is characterised in that: water pump is installed on the No.1 waste pipe, Sludge pump, No. three waste pipes, No. six waste pipes, No. seven waste pipes, No.1 sludge pipe are installed on No. two sludge pipes Be mounted on booster pump on No.1 backwash tube, No. five waste pipes, No. six waste pipes, No. eight waste pipes, No. nine waste pipes, Valve is mounted on No. two sludge pipes and No.1 backwash tube.

5. waste water treatment system according to claim 4, it is characterised in that: the valve being mounted on No. six waste pipes is used for The booster pump being mounted on No. six waste pipes is controlled, the valve on No. two sludge pipes is mounted on one for controlling sludge pump Valve on number backwash tube is for controlling the booster pump being mounted on No.1 backwash tube.

6. waste water treatment system according to claim 1, it is characterised in that: the waste water treatment system further includes emergency Pond, to do the emergency processing of whole system.