CN113003810A - System for make municipal sewage into new water - Google Patents
System for make municipal sewage into new water Download PDFInfo
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- CN113003810A CN113003810A CN202110231033.7A CN202110231033A CN113003810A CN 113003810 A CN113003810 A CN 113003810A CN 202110231033 A CN202110231033 A CN 202110231033A CN 113003810 A CN113003810 A CN 113003810A
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- fresh water
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- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title claims abstract description 154
- 239000010865 sewage Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 49
- 238000001223 reverse osmosis Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 72
- 239000013505 freshwater Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 70
- 238000004659 sterilization and disinfection Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 50
- 238000000108 ultra-filtration Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 50
- 238000001914 filtration Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 49
- 238000004140 cleaning Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 41
- 238000011084 recovery Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 35
- 238000005189 flocculation Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 28
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 22
- 238000004062 sedimentation Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 18
- 239000012535 impurity Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 14
- 238000010612 desalination reaction Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 10
- 238000003860 storage Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- HEMHJVSKTPXQMS-UHFFFAOYSA-M Sodium hydroxide Chemical compound [OH-].[Na+] HEMHJVSKTPXQMS-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 claims description 32
- 239000000645 desinfectant Substances 0.000 claims description 15
- 230000014759 maintenance of location Effects 0.000 claims description 13
- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 claims description 10
- 239000000701 coagulant Substances 0.000 claims description 10
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 claims description 10
- BFNBIHQBYMNNAN-UHFFFAOYSA-N ammonium sulfate Chemical compound N.N.OS(O)(=O)=O BFNBIHQBYMNNAN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 9
- 229910052921 ammonium sulfate Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 9
- 235000011130 ammonium sulphate Nutrition 0.000 claims description 9
- 239000003638 chemical reducing agent Substances 0.000 claims description 8
- 230000004907 flux Effects 0.000 claims description 8
- 239000012528 membrane Substances 0.000 claims description 8
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 claims description 8
- ZAMOUSCENKQFHK-UHFFFAOYSA-N Chlorine atom Chemical compound [Cl] ZAMOUSCENKQFHK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 7
- 239000005708 Sodium hypochlorite Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- 239000000460 chlorine Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- 229910052801 chlorine Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 7
- SUKJFIGYRHOWBL-UHFFFAOYSA-N sodium hypochlorite Chemical compound [Na+].Cl[O-] SUKJFIGYRHOWBL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 7
- 239000002455 scale inhibitor Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000011001 backwashing Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- 230000005764 inhibitory process Effects 0.000 claims description 5
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- 230000009467 reduction Effects 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000000084 colloidal system Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000005484 gravity Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000007935 neutral effect Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000033116 oxidation-reduction process Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- BZSXEZOLBIJVQK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-methylsulfonylbenzoic acid Chemical compound CS(=O)(=O)C1=CC=CC=C1C(O)=O BZSXEZOLBIJVQK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000010841 municipal wastewater Substances 0.000 claims 1
- 230000001681 protective effect Effects 0.000 claims 1
- 238000009288 screen filtration Methods 0.000 claims 1
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 abstract description 12
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 abstract description 5
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 abstract 1
- 239000000047 product Substances 0.000 description 26
- 239000003651 drinking water Substances 0.000 description 8
- 235000020188 drinking water Nutrition 0.000 description 8
- 239000008235 industrial water Substances 0.000 description 5
- 239000003344 environmental pollutant Substances 0.000 description 4
- 231100000719 pollutant Toxicity 0.000 description 4
- 238000005345 coagulation Methods 0.000 description 3
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- 102000053602 DNA Human genes 0.000 description 2
- 108020004414 DNA Proteins 0.000 description 2
- 241000224466 Giardia Species 0.000 description 2
- XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N Iron Chemical compound [Fe] XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 230000009471 action Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000016615 flocculation Effects 0.000 description 2
- 229910001385 heavy metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 2
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- 229920002477 rna polymer Polymers 0.000 description 2
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- RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N Copper Chemical compound [Cu] RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
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- 229910052782 aluminium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium Chemical compound [Al] XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910052788 barium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- DSAJWYNOEDNPEQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N barium atom Chemical compound [Ba] DSAJWYNOEDNPEQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
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- 229910052742 iron Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- WPBNNNQJVZRUHP-UHFFFAOYSA-L manganese(2+);methyl n-[[2-(methoxycarbonylcarbamothioylamino)phenyl]carbamothioyl]carbamate;n-[2-(sulfidocarbothioylamino)ethyl]carbamodithioate Chemical compound [Mn+2].[S-]C(=S)NCCNC([S-])=S.COC(=O)NC(=S)NC1=CC=CC=C1NC(=S)NC(=O)OC WPBNNNQJVZRUHP-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- 244000005700 microbiome Species 0.000 description 1
- 239000002957 persistent organic pollutant Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000004064 recycling Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000001172 regenerating effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 150000003839 salts Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000013535 sea water Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000001179 sorption measurement Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000001954 sterilising effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910052712 strontium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- CIOAGBVUUVVLOB-UHFFFAOYSA-N strontium atom Chemical compound [Sr] CIOAGBVUUVVLOB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000006467 substitution reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
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Images
Classifications
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F9/00—Multistage treatment of water, waste water or sewage
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F1/00—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
- C02F1/001—Processes for the treatment of water whereby the filtration technique is of importance
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F1/00—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
- C02F1/30—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by irradiation
- C02F1/32—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by irradiation with ultraviolet light
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F1/00—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
- C02F1/44—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by dialysis, osmosis or reverse osmosis
- C02F1/441—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by dialysis, osmosis or reverse osmosis by reverse osmosis
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F1/00—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
- C02F1/44—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by dialysis, osmosis or reverse osmosis
- C02F1/444—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by dialysis, osmosis or reverse osmosis by ultrafiltration or microfiltration
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F1/00—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
- C02F1/50—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by addition or application of a germicide or by oligodynamic treatment
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F1/00—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
- C02F1/52—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by flocculation or precipitation of suspended impurities
- C02F1/5236—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by flocculation or precipitation of suspended impurities using inorganic agents
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A20/00—Water conservation; Efficient water supply; Efficient water use
- Y02A20/124—Water desalination
- Y02A20/131—Reverse-osmosis
Landscapes
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Hydrology & Water Resources (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
- Water Supply & Treatment (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Separation Using Semi-Permeable Membranes (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses a system for preparing municipal sewage into fresh water, which comprises: the system comprises a self-cleaning filtering unit, a micro-flocculation ultrafiltration unit, an energy recovery type reverse osmosis unit, a disinfection unit and a fresh water finished product water tank; wherein, the front end of the self-cleaning filtering unit is provided with a sewage inlet for introducing the effluent of the secondary sedimentation tank of the municipal sewage treatment plant, and a water outlet arranged at the rear end of the self-cleaning filtering unit is connected with the micro-flocculation ultrafiltration unit, the energy recovery type reverse osmosis unit, the disinfection unit and the fresh water finished product water tank in sequence; and a fresh water outlet pipe is arranged at the rear end of the fresh water finished product water tank. The system can be used for treating secondary precipitated effluent of the municipal sewage treatment plant into fresh water through an ultra-short process technology by sequentially carrying out filtration and impurity removal, ultrafiltration, reverse osmosis desalination, disinfection and storage, and has low treatment cost and good treatment effect.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the field of sewage treatment and reclaimed water recycling, in particular to a system for preparing municipal sewage into fresh water.
Background
Water, a necessary resource for humans. Especially in water-deficient areas. Sources of municipal water sources include: groundwater, surface water, rainfall, remote diversion, reclaimed water and offshore seawater/brackish water desalination, etc. For areas with severe water shortage, from the aspect of water resource strategy and from the aspect of water ecological sustainability development, how to develop new section supplementary water sources is an urgent problem to be solved.
Disclosure of Invention
Based on the problems in the prior art, the invention aims to provide a system for preparing municipal sewage into fresh water, which can solve the problems that no effective water source supplementing means exists in the existing serious water shortage areas, and the existing drinking water source and high-quality industrial water are insufficient.
The purpose of the invention is realized by the following technical scheme:
the embodiment of the invention provides a system for preparing municipal sewage into fresh water, which comprises:
the system comprises a self-cleaning filtering unit, a micro-flocculation ultrafiltration unit, an energy recovery type reverse osmosis unit, a disinfection unit and a fresh water finished product water tank; wherein the content of the first and second substances,
the front end of the self-cleaning filtering unit is provided with a sewage inlet for introducing the effluent of the secondary sedimentation tank of the municipal sewage treatment plant, and a water outlet arranged at the rear end of the self-cleaning filtering unit is sequentially connected with the micro-flocculation ultrafiltration unit, the energy recovery type reverse osmosis unit, the disinfection unit and the fresh water product water tank;
and a fresh water outlet pipe is arranged at the rear end of the fresh water finished product water tank.
The embodiment of the invention also provides a method for preparing municipal sewage into fresh water, and the system for preparing the municipal sewage into the fresh water comprises the following steps:
the effluent of the secondary sedimentation tank enters a self-cleaning filtering unit of the system for filtering and impurity removing treatment;
the effluent after the filtration and impurity removal treatment enters a micro-flocculation ultrafiltration unit of the system for ultrafiltration treatment;
the effluent after the ultrafiltration treatment enters an energy recovery type reverse osmosis unit of the system for reverse osmosis desalination treatment;
and the effluent of the reverse osmosis desalination treatment enters a disinfection unit of the system for disinfection treatment, and then enters a fresh water finished product water tank for storage, so that fresh water is prepared.
According to the technical scheme provided by the invention, the system for preparing the municipal sewage into the fresh water provided by the embodiment of the invention has the beneficial effects that:
the method comprises the following steps of sequentially connecting a self-cleaning filtering unit, a micro-flocculation ultrafiltration unit, an energy recovery type reverse osmosis unit, a disinfection unit and a fresh water finished product water tank, and sequentially performing filtering impurity removal, ultrafiltration, reverse osmosis desalination, disinfection and storage on secondary precipitation effluent of the municipal sewage treatment plant by an ultra-short flow process to prepare fresh water, so that coagulation, precipitation and filtering units adopted after the effluent of a secondary precipitation tank is saved compared with the conventional process; a micro-flocculation reinforced filtration process is adopted, a small amount of coagulant is added before filtration, and the purpose of removing pollutants in a reinforced manner is achieved through contact flocculation; the system has excellent effluent quality, has the advantages of low turbidity, low hardness, low heavy metal content, high efficiency of removing the two insects (cryptosporidium and giardia), and the like, and is superior to the drinking water quality standard; the energy recovery type reverse osmosis unit is adopted, the pressure of the first-stage reverse osmosis concentrated water can be converted into the pressure of the second-stage reverse osmosis inlet water, and the energy consumption of the system is reduced.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments will be briefly introduced below, and it is obvious that the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious for those skilled in the art that other drawings can be obtained according to these drawings without creative efforts.
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of a system for producing fresh water from municipal sewage according to an embodiment of the present invention;
the parts corresponding to each mark in the figure are: 1-a buffer pool; 2-a line mixer; 3-self-cleaning filter; 4-a coagulating agent adding device; 5-a sterilizing agent adding device; 6-ultrafiltration device; 7-scale inhibition agent adding device; 8-a reducing agent adding device; 9-a first stage reverse osmosis unit; 10-a second section reverse osmosis device; 11-an energy recovery device; 12-an ultraviolet disinfection device; 13-a first disinfectant adding device; 14-sodium hydroxide adding device; 15-fresh water finished product water tank; 16-a second disinfectant adding device; a-a sewage inlet; and B, a fresh water outlet pipe.
Detailed Description
The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention are clearly and completely described below with reference to the specific contents of the present invention, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments of the present invention without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention. Details not described in the embodiments of the present invention belong to the prior art known to those skilled in the art.
Referring to fig. 1, an embodiment of the present invention provides a system for preparing municipal sewage into fresh water, which is a system for preparing municipal sewage into fresh water in a short process, and is used for supplementing a drinking water source and high-quality industrial water, and includes:
the system comprises a self-cleaning filtering unit, a micro-flocculation ultrafiltration unit, an energy recovery type reverse osmosis unit, a disinfection unit and a fresh water finished product water tank; wherein the content of the first and second substances,
the front end of the self-cleaning filtering unit is provided with a sewage inlet for introducing the effluent of the secondary sedimentation tank of the municipal sewage treatment plant, and a water outlet arranged at the rear end of the self-cleaning filtering unit is sequentially connected with the micro-flocculation ultrafiltration unit, the energy recovery type reverse osmosis unit, the disinfection unit and the fresh water product water tank;
and a fresh water outlet pipe is arranged at the rear end of the fresh water finished product water tank.
In the above system, the self-cleaning filter unit comprises:
the buffer pool, the pipeline mixer and the self-cleaning filter are connected in sequence through pipelines; wherein the content of the first and second substances,
the front end of the buffer tank is provided with the sewage inlet;
the pipeline mixer is connected with a coagulating agent adding device;
and a sterilizing agent adding device is connected to a pipeline of the pipeline mixer connected with the self-cleaning filter.
In the system, the filtering precision of the filter screen of the self-cleaning filter is 100-500 mu m.
In the system, the micro-flocculation ultrafiltration unit adopts an ultrafiltration device;
the energy recovery reverse osmosis unit comprises: scale inhibition agent feeding device, reduction agent feeding device, first section reverse osmosis device and second section reverse osmosis device; wherein the content of the first and second substances,
the scale inhibition agent feeding device and the reduction agent feeding device are respectively connected with a water inlet pipeline of the first section of reverse osmosis device;
the good water outlet of the first section of reverse osmosis device is connected with the disinfection unit, and the concentrated water outlet is connected with the second section of reverse osmosis device;
and a good water outlet of the second-stage reverse osmosis device is connected with the disinfection unit, and a concentrated water outlet is connected with a concentrated water outlet of the first-stage reverse osmosis device through an energy recovery device.
In the above system, the sterilizing unit includes:
the device comprises an ultraviolet disinfection device, a first disinfectant adding device and a sodium hydroxide adding device; wherein the content of the first and second substances,
and the water outlet pipeline of the ultraviolet disinfection device is respectively connected with the disinfectant adding device and the sodium hydroxide adding device.
The above system further comprises: and the second disinfectant adding device is connected with a fresh water outlet pipe of the fresh water finished product water tank.
Referring to fig. 1, an embodiment of the present invention further provides a method for producing fresh water from municipal sewage, where the system for producing fresh water from municipal sewage includes the following steps:
the effluent of the secondary sedimentation tank enters a self-cleaning filtering unit of the system for filtering and impurity removing treatment;
the effluent after the filtration and impurity removal treatment enters a micro-flocculation ultrafiltration unit of the system for ultrafiltration treatment;
the effluent after the ultrafiltration treatment enters an energy recovery type reverse osmosis unit of the system for reverse osmosis desalination treatment;
and the effluent of the reverse osmosis desalination treatment enters a disinfection unit of the system for disinfection treatment, and then enters a fresh water finished product water tank for storage, so that fresh water is prepared.
In the method, the effluent of the secondary sedimentation tank flows into a buffer tank of the self-cleaning filtering unit by virtue of gravity, and the hydraulic retention time in the buffer tank is 2-4 h;
the outlet water of the buffer pool is lifted and then enters a pipeline mixer of the self-cleaning filtering unit, and is fully mixed with an added coagulating agent in the pipeline mixer to realize micro-flocculation, wherein the micro-flocculation hydraulic retention time is 1-3 min;
and the micro-flocculation effluent in the pipeline mixer enters a self-cleaning filter to remove suspended matters and particles with the particle size of 100-500 mu m in the water body.
In the method, the effluent after the filtration and impurity removal treatment enters an ultrafiltration device of the ultrafiltration treatment unit to remove most suspended matters, colloids, chromaticity, turbidity and part of residual organic matters;
before water enters the ultrafiltration device, sodium hypochlorite and ammonium sulfate are added by a sterilizing agent adding device for sterilization and disinfection, and the total residual chlorine of the water is controlled to be more than or equal to 1 mg/L;
the water inlet of the ultrafiltration device is controlled by constant flow variable frequency, and the designed flux of the water inlet is 40-100L/m2H, filtration periodThe time for backwashing the ultrafiltration membrane is 30-60 min, the time for backwashing the ultrafiltration membrane is 1-3 min, and the recovery rate of finished water is more than or equal to 90%;
the effluent after ultrafiltration treatment is pressurized, lifted and mixed with the added scale inhibitor, and then enters the reverse osmosis treatment unit; the adding amount of the scale inhibitor is 2-5 mg/L;
the good water treated by the two sections of reverse osmosis devices which are connected in sequence enters a disinfection unit for disinfection treatment; wherein, the water inlet of the first section of reverse osmosis device is controlled by constant flow variable frequency, and the designed flux of the water inlet is 15-30L/m2H, the recovery rate of the finished product water is more than or equal to 70 percent;
the disinfection treatment adopts an ultraviolet disinfection device, and the rated ultraviolet dose is 20-50 mJ/cm2Carrying out ultraviolet sterilization and disinfection, and enabling the disinfected effluent to enter a fresh water finished product water tank;
the hydraulic retention time of the fresh water finished product water tank is 8-24 h, the pH value of water entering the fresh water finished product water tank is adjusted to be neutral by adding sodium hydroxide through the sodium hydroxide adding device, sodium chlorate and ammonium sulfate are added through the first disinfectant adding device and the second disinfectant adding device which are connected with the front pipeline and the rear pipeline of the fresh water finished product water tank, and the residual chlorine in the fresh water finished product water tank is maintained to be more than or equal to 0.5 mg/L.
In the method, when the oxidation-reduction potential of the inlet water entering the reverse osmosis treatment unit is more than 300-500 mV, a reducing agent which prevents the protection film assembly from being oxidized is added, wherein the adding amount of the reducing agent is 2-4 mg/L.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the advantages that:
(1) the ultra-short flow process is adopted, namely the secondary sedimentation effluent of the urban sewage treatment plant is processed by the self-cleaning filtering unit, the micro-flocculation ultrafiltration unit, the energy recovery type reverse osmosis unit and the disinfection unit to prepare the finished product water, and compared with the conventional process, the self-cleaning filtering unit is directly fed by the coagulation, sedimentation and filtering units adopted after the effluent of the secondary sedimentation tank is saved.
(2) The micro-flocculation reinforced filtration process is adopted, a small amount of coagulating agent is added before filtration, and the purpose of removing pollutants in a reinforced manner is achieved through contact flocculation.
(3) The effluent quality is excellent, and the method has the advantages of low turbidity, low hardness, low heavy metal content, high efficiency of removing the cryptosporidium and giardia, and the like, and is superior to the drinking water quality standard.
(4) The energy recovery type reverse osmosis unit is adopted, and the arranged energy recovery device is utilized to convert the pressure of the first-stage reverse osmosis concentrated water into the pressure of the second-stage reverse osmosis inlet water, so that the energy consumption of the system is reduced.
(5) Can conveniently combine wisdom management platform, realize real-time operation monitoring, whole factory process intelligent control, accomplish full automatic operation and on-the-spot unmanned on duty, the finished product water recovery rate is high.
The embodiments of the present invention are described in further detail below.
Referring to fig. 1, the system for preparing the municipal sewage into the fresh water of the invention has the following specific process flow:
the effluent of the secondary sedimentation tank of the municipal sewage treatment plant → the buffer tank → the pipeline mixer → the self-cleaning filter → the ultrafiltration device → the reverse osmosis device → the ultraviolet disinfection device → the fresh water finished product water tank → the water supplement of the drinking water reservoir or the high-quality industrial water user.
The technical parameters controlled in the process are as follows: the raw water is treated by a secondary sedimentation tank of a municipal sewage treatment plant, and the main pollutants are suspended particles, organic pollutants, soluble inorganic substances, bacteria, viruses and the like. The effluent of the secondary sedimentation tank enters a buffer tank, and the buffer tank is arranged for reducing the impact load on subsequent treatment facilities and ensuring the sewage treatment effect because the effluent amount and the water quality at the front end have non-uniformity. The effluent of the secondary sedimentation tank enters a buffer tank by virtue of gravity flow, and the hydraulic retention time (in GB/T50125-2010 (basic term standard of water supply and drainage engineering) of the buffer tank, the specification of 3.2.38 is that the hydraulic retention time is the average retention time of the sewage in a treatment structure) is 2-4 h.
The buffer pool is lifted by raw water and then enters a pipeline mixer, the pipeline mixer enables sewage to flow through a pipeline and achieve the purpose of uniform mixing through the action of a certain component or a mixing element, the pipeline mixer is a mixer without any mechanical motion part, a coagulation agent is added to the pipeline mixer to be fully mixed with the sewage, the micro-flocculation effect is achieved through the subsequent hydraulic retention time in the pipeline, and the micro-flocculation hydraulic retention time is 1-3 min.
The sewage enters the self-cleaning filter after passing through the pipeline mixer, and the self-cleaning filter directly intercepts impurities in water by utilizing a filter screen, removes suspended matters and particles in the water body, reduces turbidity and ensures the stable operation of a subsequent filtering device. The device can automatically operate and automatically clean by utilizing the water inlet pressure, and the filtering is not stopped during cleaning, and the filtering precision of the filter screen is 100-500 mu m.
And the effluent of the self-cleaning filter enters an ultrafiltration treatment unit. Adding a coagulating agent before filtering, and aggregating tiny particles in water into micro-flocs through the contact micro-flocculation effect, so that the micro-flocs are more beneficial to being intercepted in subsequent filtering; meanwhile, under the action of the coagulating agent, impurities such as suspended particles, algae and the like remaining in the water body can change the surface hydrophilicity of the impurities, so that the impurities are easier to contact with the surface of the filter membrane, and the adsorption capacity of the surface of the filter membrane is utilized, so that the aim of removing pollutants in an enhanced manner is fulfilled. The ultrafiltration device is used as a pretreatment process of a reverse osmosis treatment unit, and can remove most suspended matters, colloid, chromaticity, turbidity and partial residual organic matters. Sodium hypochlorite and ammonium sulfate are added to the ultrafiltration device before water is fed in for sterilization and disinfection, and the total residual chlorine of the fed water is controlled to be more than or equal to 1 mg/L. The water inlet of the ultrafiltration device is controlled by constant flow variable frequency, and the designed flux of the water inlet is 40-100L/m2H, the filtration period is 30-60 min, the ultrafiltration membrane backwashing time is 1-3 min, and the finished product water recovery rate is more than or equal to 90%.
The effluent of the ultrafiltration device enters a reverse osmosis treatment unit after being pressurized and lifted. Reverse osmosis units are the most prominent desalination units in the system. The effluent of the ultrafiltration device enters a reverse osmosis membrane component arranged in a pressure container, water molecules and a very small amount of micromolecular organic matters pass through the membrane layer, are concentrated by a collecting pipeline, and then are led to a water production pipe and then enter an ultraviolet disinfection treatment unit. And conversely, the water which cannot pass through the water collecting pipe is collected by another group of collecting pipes and then led to a concentrated water discharge pipe to be discharged into a high salt water system. In order to avoid scaling, adding a scale inhibitor before water is fed into the reverse osmosis device, wherein the adding amount is 2-5 mg/L. When the reverse osmosis device is fed with water, the oxidation-reduction potential is higherAnd when the concentration is 300-500 mV, adding a reducing agent to protect the film assembly from being oxidized, wherein the adding amount of the reducing agent is 2-4 mg/L. The water inlet of the reverse osmosis device is controlled by constant flow variable frequency. Designed flux of water inflow is 15-30L/m2H, the recovery rate of finished product water is more than or equal to 70 percent. A hydraulic turbocharger is installed at the second-stage water inlet end of the reverse osmosis device to serve as an energy recovery device, and high-pressure concentrated water discharged by the second-stage reverse osmosis is used as first-stage concentrated water for pressurization, so that energy recovery is achieved.
The disinfection treatment unit adopts an ultraviolet disinfection device, and the rated ultraviolet dose is 20-50 mJ/cm2. The ultraviolet sterilization and disinfection is to use ultraviolet with proper wavelength to destroy the molecular structure of DNA (deoxyribonucleic acid) or RNA (ribonucleic acid) in the cells of the microorganism body, so as to cause the death of growing cells and/or regenerative cells, thereby achieving the effect of sterilization and disinfection.
The water discharged by the ultraviolet disinfection device enters a fresh water finished product water tank. The hydraulic retention time of the water tank is 8-24 h, a sodium hydroxide adding point is arranged in front of the storage tank to adjust the pH value of produced water to be neutral, sodium hypochlorite and ammonium sulfate adding points are arranged in front of and behind the storage tank, the residual chlorine in the storage tank and the pipeline is maintained to be more than or equal to 0.5mg/L, and the water quality safety is continuously guaranteed. Finally, the finished water is pumped to a drinking water reservoir for water supplement or a high-quality industrial water user.
Examples
By adopting the system of the invention, municipal sewage with the following water quality is prepared into fresh water, and the water quality is as follows: the water yield of the secondary sedimentation tank of a certain municipal sewage treatment plant is 31 ten thousand meters3And d, the effluent quality is as follows: chroma 38 times, turbidity 5NTU, conductivity 636 mu S/cm, TOC13.4mg/L, NH3-N3.6mg/L，BOD510mg/L, total hardness (as CaCO)3Meter) 90mg/L, water temperature 25 ℃.
The treatment process comprises the following steps: and the effluent of the secondary sedimentation tank enters a buffer tank, and the hydraulic retention time of the buffer tank is 3 h. The water discharged from the buffer pool is pressurized by a water pump and flows into a pipeline mixer in a lifting manner, 2mg/L polyaluminium chloride coagulating agent is added into the pipeline mixer, the pipeline mixer enters a self-cleaning filter after discharging water, sodium hypochlorite and ammonium sulfate disinfecting agents are added in the pipeline mixer, the residual chlorine in the system is ensured to be more than 1mg/L, and the self-cleaning filter filters fine powderThe water outlet of the self-cleaning filter enters an ultrafiltration device, and the designed flux of the inlet water is 50L/m2H, the filtration period is 30min, the backwashing time is 1.5min, and the recovery rate of finished product water of the ultrafiltration device is 93.2%. The effluent of the ultrafiltration device enters a reverse osmosis device after being pressurized and lifted, the adding amount of the scale inhibitor for the inlet water of the reverse osmosis device is 3mg/L, and the adding amount of the reducing agent is 2 mg/L. Reverse osmosis device inlet water design flux 17L/m2H, the recovery rate of the finished product water is 80%, an energy recovery device is arranged in the reverse osmosis treatment unit, and the pressure of the second-stage concentrated water of the reverse osmosis device is utilized to pressurize the first-stage concentrated water (simultaneously, the second-stage inlet water of the reverse osmosis device) to recover the energy. The water discharged by the reverse osmosis device enters an ultraviolet disinfection device, and the rated ultraviolet dose is 50mJ/cm2And the water discharged from the ultraviolet disinfection device enters a fresh water finished product water tank, sodium hydroxide is added to adjust the pH value to 7, and sodium hypochlorite and ammonium sulfate disinfectant are added. The fresh water is lifted to a drinking water reservoir for water supplement or a high-quality industrial water user through pressure, and sodium hypochlorite and ammonium sulfate disinfectant are fed again to meet the user demand. The quality of the newly generated water is as follows: color less than 5 times, turbidity of 0.1NTU, conductivity of 70 μ S/cm, TOC of 0.08mg/L, NH30.25mg/L of-N, total hardness (as CaCO)3Calculated) is 0.12mg/L, colibacillus is not detected, two worms are not detected, iron, manganese, copper, aluminum, barium and strontium are all less than 0.001mg/L, the trihalomethane ratio is less than 0.001, and the effluent quality index is superior to the WHO drinking water quality standard.
The system can be managed by adopting an intelligent management platform, real-time operation monitoring and whole-plant process intelligent control are realized, 1 person is operated in each shift, and the water energy consumption per ton is 0.8kWh/m3The electric quantity saved by the energy recovery device exceeds 10% of the electric quantity used by the reverse osmosis device, and the total recovery rate of finished water reaches 73.5%.
The above description is only for the preferred embodiment of the present invention, but the scope of the present invention is not limited thereto, and any changes or substitutions that can be easily conceived by those skilled in the art within the technical scope of the present invention are included in the scope of the present invention. Therefore, the protection scope of the present invention shall be subject to the protection scope of the claims.
Claims (10)
1. A system for producing municipal sewage into fresh water, comprising:
the system comprises a self-cleaning filtering unit, a micro-flocculation ultrafiltration unit, an energy recovery type reverse osmosis unit, a disinfection unit and a fresh water finished product water tank; wherein the content of the first and second substances,
the front end of the self-cleaning filtering unit is provided with a sewage inlet for introducing the effluent of the secondary sedimentation tank of the municipal sewage treatment plant, and a water outlet arranged at the rear end of the self-cleaning filtering unit is sequentially connected with the micro-flocculation ultrafiltration unit, the energy recovery type reverse osmosis unit, the disinfection unit and the fresh water finished product water tank;
and a fresh water outlet pipe is arranged at the rear end of the fresh water finished product water tank.
2. The system for producing municipal wastewater into fresh water according to claim 1, wherein the self-cleaning filtration unit comprises:
the buffer pool, the pipeline mixer and the self-cleaning filter are connected in sequence through pipelines; wherein the content of the first and second substances,
the front end of the buffer tank is provided with the sewage inlet;
the pipeline mixer is connected with a coagulating agent adding device;
and a sterilizing agent adding device is connected to a pipeline of the pipeline mixer connected with the self-cleaning filter.
3. The system for preparing municipal sewage into fresh water according to claim 2, wherein the self-cleaning filter has a screen filtration accuracy of 100 to 500 μm.
4. The system for producing municipal sewage into fresh water according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein the micro-flocculation ultrafiltration unit employs an ultrafiltration device;
the energy recovery reverse osmosis unit comprises: scale inhibition agent adding device, reduction agent adding device, first section reverse osmosis device and second section reverse osmosis device; wherein the content of the first and second substances,
the scale inhibition agent adding device and the reduction agent adding device are respectively connected with a water inlet pipeline of the first section of reverse osmosis device;
the good water outlet of the first section of reverse osmosis device is connected with the disinfection unit, and the concentrated water outlet is connected with the second section of reverse osmosis device;
and a good water outlet of the second section of reverse osmosis device is connected with the disinfection unit, and a concentrated water outlet is connected with a concentrated water outlet of the first section of reverse osmosis device through an energy recovery device.
5. The system for producing municipal sewage to fresh water according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein the disinfection unit comprises:
the device comprises an ultraviolet disinfection device, a first disinfectant adding device and a sodium hydroxide adding device; wherein the content of the first and second substances,
and the water outlet pipeline of the ultraviolet disinfection device is respectively connected with the disinfectant adding device and the sodium hydroxide adding device.
6. The system for producing municipal sewage into fresh water according to any one of claims 1 to 3, further comprising: and the second disinfectant adding device is connected with a fresh water outlet pipe of the fresh water finished product water tank.
7. A method for preparing municipal sewage into fresh water, which comprises the steps of using the system for preparing municipal sewage into fresh water according to any one of claims 1 to 6, and comprising:
the effluent of the secondary sedimentation tank enters a self-cleaning filtering unit of the system for filtering and impurity removing treatment;
the effluent after the filtration and impurity removal treatment enters a micro-flocculation ultrafiltration unit of the system for ultrafiltration treatment;
the effluent after the ultrafiltration treatment enters an energy recovery type reverse osmosis unit of the system for reverse osmosis desalination treatment;
and the effluent of the reverse osmosis desalination treatment enters a disinfection unit of the system for disinfection treatment, and then enters a fresh water finished product water tank for storage, so that fresh water is prepared.
8. The method for preparing municipal sewage into fresh water according to claim 7, wherein the effluent of the secondary sedimentation tank flows into a buffer tank of the self-cleaning filtration unit by virtue of gravity, and the hydraulic retention time in the buffer tank is 2-4 h;
the outlet water of the buffer pool is lifted and then enters a pipeline mixer of the self-cleaning filtering unit, and is fully mixed with an added coagulating agent in the pipeline mixer to realize micro-flocculation, and the micro-flocculation hydraulic retention time is 1-3 min;
and the micro-flocculation effluent in the pipeline mixer enters a self-cleaning filter to remove suspended matters and particles with the particle size of 100-500 mu m in the water body.
9. The method for preparing municipal sewage into fresh water according to claim 7, wherein the effluent after the filtration and impurity removal treatment enters an ultrafiltration device of the ultrafiltration treatment unit to remove most suspended matters, colloids, chromaticity, turbidity and part of residual organic matters;
before water enters the ultrafiltration device, sodium hypochlorite and ammonium sulfate are added by a sterilizing agent adding device for sterilization and disinfection, and the total residual chlorine of the inlet water is controlled to be more than or equal to 1 mg/L;
the water inlet of the ultrafiltration device is controlled by constant flow variable frequency, and the designed flux of the water inlet is 40-100L/m2H, the filtration period is 30-60 min, the ultrafiltration membrane backwashing time is 1-3 min, and the finished product water recovery rate is more than or equal to 90%;
the effluent after ultrafiltration treatment is pressurized, lifted and mixed with the added scale inhibitor, and then enters the reverse osmosis treatment unit; the adding amount of the scale inhibitor is 2-5 mg/L;
the good water treated by the two sections of reverse osmosis devices which are connected in sequence enters a disinfection unit for disinfection treatment; wherein, the water inlet of the first section of reverse osmosis device and the water inlet of the second section of reverse osmosis device are controlled by constant flow variable frequency, and the designed flux of the water inlet is 15-30L/m2H, the recovery rate of finished product water is more than or equal to 70 percent;
the disinfection treatment adopts an ultraviolet disinfection device, and the rated ultraviolet dose is 20-50 mJ/cm2Carrying out ultraviolet sterilization and disinfection, and enabling the disinfected effluent to enter a fresh water finished product water tank;
the hydraulic retention time of the fresh water finished product water tank is 8-24 h, the pH value of water entering the fresh water finished product water tank is adjusted to be neutral by adding sodium hydroxide through the sodium hydroxide adding device, sodium chlorate and ammonium sulfate are added through the first disinfectant adding device and the second disinfectant adding device which are connected with the front pipeline and the rear pipeline of the fresh water finished product water tank, and the residual chlorine in the fresh water finished product water tank is maintained to be more than or equal to 0.5 mg/L.
10. The method for preparing the municipal sewage into the fresh water according to claim 9, wherein when the oxidation-reduction potential of the influent water entering the reverse osmosis treatment unit is more than 300-500 mV, a reducing agent which does not oxidize the protective film assembly is added, and the addition amount of the reducing agent is 2-4 mg/L.
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