CN209266578U - A kind of millimeter wave broadband low sidelobe electromagnetic horn - Google Patents
A kind of millimeter wave broadband low sidelobe electromagnetic horn Download PDFInfo
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- CN209266578U CN209266578U CN201920151310.1U CN201920151310U CN209266578U CN 209266578 U CN209266578 U CN 209266578U CN 201920151310 U CN201920151310 U CN 201920151310U CN 209266578 U CN209266578 U CN 209266578U
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Abstract
The utility model discloses a kind of millimeter wave broadband low sidelobe electromagnetic horn, rectangular feeding waveguide is set gradually by the direction of transfer of electromagnetic wave, rectangular-circular transitional section, step cutting pattern transition, circular radiation mouth face form electromagnetic radiation area；The rectangular-circular transitional section is for realizing rectangular feeding waveguide to the conversion between step cutting pattern transition, the circular port face of rectangular-circular transitional section afterbody is extended to final stage mouth face by several steps by the step cutting pattern transition step by step, forms circular radiation mouth face by the final stage mouth face one section of matching section of wide extension.Advantage are as follows: the electromagnetic horn of the utility model replaces continuous gradation radiant section using ladder-like gradual change radiant section, integrates the structure of notch slot in radiation port face periphery, the antenna proposed has integrated structure feature, the simple standard machinery processing technology that relies on can be realized, other complicated technologies are not needed to be assisted, later period splicing assembling is not needed, finished product consistency is good, and cost per unit is low, broadband, Low emissivity secondary lobe.
Description
Technical field
The utility model relates to mm-wave imaging and fields of measurement more particularly to a kind of millimeter wave broadband low sidelobe loudspeaker days
Line.
Background technique
Electromagnetic horn is wide due to its design method is mature, structure is relatively easy, working frequency range is wide, radiation efficiency is high the features such as
General to be applied in radar, communication and measuring system, citation form is by by the opening face of rectangular waveguide or circular waveguide
Gradually extension forms enough radiating aperture areas and is formed.Electromagnetic horn is generally divided into pyramidal horn antenna and conical horn day
Line, both antennas structure process realize and radiation beam performance on there are following features, certain occasions manufacture and make
With can have some restrictions:
Firstly, pyramidal horn antenna mostly uses sheet metal process combination silver soldering technique to realize, circular cone loudspeaker in terms of structure process
Antenna mostly uses electroforming process to process.Sheet metal process can satisfy requirement when operating frequency of antenna is relatively low, but
Millimeter involves higher frequency section, and sheet metal process is unable to satisfy the requirement of structure precision, can bring additional loss；Silver soldering technique and electricity
Casting process, which requires, has special technological equipment and ability, just has advantage when producing in enormous quantities, when small lot produces
Cost per unit is very high.
Secondly, in terms of electrical property, especially in this index of Sidelobe Suppression, current pyramidal horn antenna and circular cone
Electromagnetic horn generally in 15dB or so, this cause the use of such antenna much to sidelobe level have the occasion of requirements at the higher level by
To limitation.
Retrieval investigation is carried out for the development and production status of millimeter wave electromagnetic horn, it can be found that such day used at present
Line it is all different degrees of there are the deficiency of above structure and aspect of performance, be exemplified below:
The XB-HA12-20 standard pyramidal horn antenna of West Beijing treasured Electron Technology Co., Ltd production, ring flange and gradual change
Radiant section is using silver material welding procedure connection, according to its test data as it can be seen that on 91.9GHz frequency point, the Sidelobe Suppression in the face E
Only 11.4dB.
2008, Bai Bing, Miao Jun just et al. delivered " short millimeter band ripple on " BJ University of Aeronautics & Astronautics's journal "
The new process of electromagnetic horn " paper, propose by process it is a series of annular shape corrugated plates and reasonable tool structure assemble
At complete corrugated horn.This method, which depends only on mechanical processing technique, to be met, but belongs to parts processing group
Dress, is difficult to realize integrated processing in structure.
2012, it is " a kind of to work in W-waveband that " electronic device journal " reports the paper that Southeast China University Guo Lin et al. writes
Pyramidal horn antenna ", the antenna using rectangular waveguide feed, gradually spread out using the face H and the face E of rectangular waveguide and to form pyramid
Loudspeaker, the Sidelobe Suppression of antenna E surface radiation directional diagram also only have 15dB or so.
2015, patent of invention that Cai Yunlong et al. writes " a kind of pyramidal horn antenna and its design method ", the antenna
Design by a side of antenna and be used for feed conductor plane coplanarization, be integrated on circuit board more conveniently,
Guarantee to make the structure of circuit board more compact while antenna gain.This design is changed compared to traditional electromagnetic horn
Into, but difficulty is larger and the integrated level of circuit board is more demanding for the integrated connection between its feed and speaker body.
2018, " modern radar " reported " a kind of design and system of new antenna unit that Fang Hongmei et al. writes
Make ", the Antenna Design is by the way of hot investment casting, and the phenomenon that jump for electromagnetic horn root in horizontal direction, part increases
Add chamfering and excessive, weakening stress raisers, to obtain more smooth internal stress curve.This implementation method belongs to aforementioned
Electroforming process only could embody advantage when producing in enormous quantities, be not suitable for the low cost manufacturing of a small amount of principle exemplar.
In view of electromagnetic horn belongs to the antenna of simple metal structure, and in the field of metal processing, most common technique is at present
Numerically-controlled machine tool milling process, if other can not be depended on using NC Milling Technology merely during the realization of electromagnetic horn
Technique will substantially reduce process complexity and cost.But at present no matter pyramid loudspeaker or conical-horn antenna, in structure all
In the presence of the continuous gradation section along electromagnetic horn axial direction, to realize the Broadband Matching of waveguide impedance and space impedance.But it is this continuous
There are certain challenges for NC Milling Technology for gradual change segment structure, and smoothness requirements are higher, and process time is longer, indirectly
Lead to the promotion of processing cost.
Utility model content
Purpose of utility model: the purpose of the utility model is to provide a kind of millimeter wave broadband low sidelobe electromagnetic horns.
Technical solution: millimeter wave broadband low sidelobe electromagnetic horn described in the utility model, by the direction of transfer of electromagnetic wave
Set gradually rectangular feeding waveguide, rectangular-circular transitional section, step cutting pattern transition, circular radiation mouth face formation electromagnetic radiation area；Institute
Rectangular-circular transitional section is stated for realizing rectangular feeding waveguide to the conversion between step cutting pattern transition, the step cutting pattern gradual change
The circular port face of rectangular-circular transitional section afterbody is extended to final stage mouth face by several steps by section step by step, by the final stage mouth face etc.
It is wide to extend one section of matching section formation circular radiation mouth face.
This device has integrated structure feature using the antenna that ladder-like gradual change radiant section proposes, simple dependence is common
Mechanical processing technique can be realized, and does not need other complicated technologies and is assisted, and not need later period splicing assembling, finished product consistency
Good, cost per unit is low, there are the round matching section of certain length between the final stage mouth face of step cutting pattern transition and free space,
By adjusting the length of the matching section, it can further improve the impedance matching between final stage mouth face and free space, to mention
The radiation efficiency of high antenna.
Further, the electromagnetic radiation area is externally provided with crust of the device, and the head end of described device shell is equipped with ring flange, uses
It is interconnected in other components.
Further, the rectangular-circular transitional section is realized by several grades of steps, participates in all steps of transition step by step
Increase the broadside and narrow side size of rectangular feeding waveguide, wherein the incremental amplitude of narrow side size is greater than the incremental width of broadside size
Degree, until the broadside of afterbody arc-shaped step and narrow side are essentially equal.The quantity and specific implementation of step used in rectangular-circular transitional section
When rectangular feeding waveguide sectional dimension have relationship, the broadside and narrow side of rectangular feeding waveguide differ bigger in structure size,
Realize that number of steps required for this transition is more, the specific choice of changeover portion numbers of steps is to meet antenna in working frequency range
Impedance matching be foundation.
Further, numbers of steps gain according to needed for antenna of the step cutting pattern transition determines, increases needed for antenna
Benefit is higher, and circular radiation mouth face diameter is bigger, and the numbers of steps of required step cutting pattern transition is more.Step cutting pattern transition
The specific choice of numbers of steps is to meet impedance matching of the antenna in working frequency range as foundation.
Further, the periphery in circular radiation mouth face opens up a circle or multi-turn notch slot.By blocking round spoke
The surface current that loophole face extends toward periphery to inhibit to deviate the electromagnetic radiation in antenna axial direction, and then realizes lower secondary lobe
Level.
Wherein, the width of the notch slot and depth are the required a quarter for inhibiting frequency point corresponding wavelength；Single notch
The bandwidth of operation of slot is limited, if the bandwidth of operation of antenna is wider, is realized by the notch slot of multiple corresponding different frequent points
Sidelobe Suppression.
The utility model has the advantages that compared with prior art, the advantages of the utility model are as follows: the electromagnetic horn of the utility model uses rank
Scalariform gradual change radiant section replaces continuous gradation radiant section, integrates the structure of notch slot, the antenna proposed in radiation port face periphery
With integrated structure feature, the simple standard machinery processing technology that relies on be can be realized, and not need the progress of other complicated technologies
Auxiliary does not need later period splicing assembling, and finished product consistency is good, and cost per unit is low, broadband, Low emissivity secondary lobe.
Detailed description of the invention
Fig. 1 is the three-dimensional structure diagram of the utility model ring flange side；
Fig. 2 is the three-dimensional structure diagram of the utility model circular radiation mouth face side；
Fig. 3 is the cross-sectional view of the utility model；
Fig. 4 is the front view of the utility model circular radiation mouth face side；
Fig. 5 is the utility model voltage standing wave ratio experiment curv；
Fig. 6 is experiment curv of the utility model in the E-plane and H-plane pattern of 80GHz.
Specific embodiment
Millimeter wave broadband low sidelobe electromagnetic horn as shown in Figure 1, Figure 2, Figure 3 and Figure 4, the key technical indexes are as follows:
Working frequency range: 76-81GHz
Gain: > 20dBi
With interior voltage standing wave ratio: < 1.5
3dB beam angle: > 15 degree
Sidelobe Suppression: > 20dB
Polarization isolation: > 20dB
By the direction of transfer of electromagnetic wave set gradually rectangular feeding waveguide 1, rectangular-circular transitional section 2, step cutting pattern transition 3,
Circular radiation mouth face 4 forms electromagnetic radiation area；The rectangular-circular transitional section 2 arrives step cutting pattern gradually for realizing rectangular feeding waveguide 1
Become the conversion between section 3, the step cutting pattern transition 3 is by several steps by the circle of 2 afterbody of rectangular-circular transitional section
Mouth face is extended to final stage mouth face step by step, forms circular radiation mouth face 4 by the final stage mouth face one matching section of wide extension.
The electromagnetic radiation area is externally provided with crust of the device 5, and the head end of described device shell 5 is equipped with ring flange 6, ring flange 6
The sectional dimension of upper fixing threaded hole, pin hole and rectangular feeding waveguide is all made of international standard, in order to other with phase
Component with standard interface interconnects.Ring flange 6 uses UG387/U-M standard flange, and rectangular feeding waveguide uses W-waveband standard
WR10 waveguide, waveguide cross-sectional dimensions 2.54mm × 1.27mm.
The rectangular-circular transitional section 2 is realized by several grades of steps, and all steps for participating in transition increase rectangle step by step
The broadside and narrow side size of feed waveguide 1, wherein the incremental amplitude of narrow side size is greater than the incremental amplitude of broadside size, until most
The broadside of rear stage arc-shaped step and narrow side are essentially equal, that is, are transitioned into circle.The quantity of step used in rectangular-circular transitional section 2
There is relationship with the sectional dimension of rectangular feeding waveguide 1 when specific implementation, the broadside and narrow side of rectangular feeding waveguide are in structure size
Upper difference is bigger, realizes that number of steps required for this transition is more, the specific choice of changeover portion numbers of steps is to meet antenna
Impedance matching in working frequency range is foundation.Rectangular-circular transitional section 2 uses 6 grades of step transitions, and every grade of step height is all
0.4mm, the sectional dimension of every grade of arc-shaped step are respectively 2.74 × 1.47mm, 2.74 × 1.77mm, 2.74 × 2.07mm, 2.74
× 2.37mm, 2.74 × 2.67mm, 3.0 × 3.0mm.
The diameter in circular radiation mouth face 4 is to meet the gain index of antenna as foundation, because of gain and the antenna of antenna
Net long wave radiation aperture area has direct relation.So the gain index having as required by antenna can determine radiation port face
Diameter, and the difference of the diameter of radiation port face diameter and 2 afterbody of rectangular-circular transitional section, further determine step cutting pattern gradual change
The numbers of steps of section.Antenna gain is higher, and radiation port face diameter is bigger, and required gradual change numbers of steps is more.Transition platform
The specific choice of order amount is to meet impedance matching of the antenna in working frequency range as foundation.Step cutting pattern transition 3 wraps altogether
Containing 45 grades of steps, every grade of step height 0.4mm, the diameter of adjacent step is incremented by, most step by step since 3mm with the increment of 0.3mm
The diameter in whole radiation port face 05 is 16.5mm.
The periphery in circular radiation mouth face 4 opens up two circle notch slots 7, wherein the width and depth of the notch slot 7 be
The required a quarter for inhibiting frequency point corresponding wavelength；The bandwidth of operation of single notch slot 7 is limited, if the bandwidth of operation of antenna compared with
Width then realizes Sidelobe Suppression by the notch slot 7 of multiple corresponding different frequent points, notch groove width 0.7mm in the present embodiment, deep
Spend 0.9mm, the distance between two circle notch slots 0.7mm.
Entire antenna structure is manufactured using 6061 type aluminiums, as shown in Figure 5 and Figure 6, by test result as it can be seen that the present embodiment
Voltage standing wave ratio within the scope of the working frequency range of 76-81GHz is all 1.5 hereinafter, gain is not less than 20dBi, 3dB beam angle
18 °, Sidelobe Suppression about 25dB.
Claims (6)
1. a kind of millimeter wave broadband low sidelobe electromagnetic horn, it is characterised in that: set gradually rectangle by the direction of transfer of electromagnetic wave
Feed waveguide (1), rectangular-circular transitional section (2), step cutting pattern transition (3), circular radiation mouth face (4) form electromagnetic radiation area；Institute
Rectangular-circular transitional section (2) is stated for realizing the conversion between rectangular feeding waveguide (1) to step cutting pattern transition (3), the circle
The circular port face of rectangular-circular transitional section (2) afterbody is extended to final stage mouth face by several steps by step transition (3) step by step,
Circular radiation mouth face (4) is formed by the final stage mouth face one section of matching section of wide extension.
2. millimeter wave broadband low sidelobe electromagnetic horn according to claim 1, it is characterised in that: outside the electromagnetic radiation area
Equipped with crust of the device (5), the head end of described device shell (5) is equipped with ring flange (6).
3. millimeter wave broadband low sidelobe electromagnetic horn according to claim 1, it is characterised in that: the rectangular-circular transitional section
It (2) is to be realized by several grades of steps, all steps for participating in transition increase the broadside of rectangular feeding waveguide (1) and narrow step by step
Side size, wherein the incremental amplitude of narrow side size is greater than the incremental amplitude of broadside size, until the broadside of afterbody arc-shaped step
It is essentially equal with narrow side.
4. millimeter wave broadband low sidelobe electromagnetic horn according to claim 1, it is characterised in that: the step cutting pattern gradual change
Numbers of steps gain according to needed for antenna of section (3) determines that gain needed for antenna is higher, and circular radiation mouth face (4) diameter is bigger,
The numbers of steps of required step cutting pattern transition (3) is more.
5. millimeter wave broadband low sidelobe electromagnetic horn according to claim 1, it is characterised in that: circular radiation mouth face
(4) periphery opens up a circle or multi-turn notch slot (7).
6. millimeter wave broadband low sidelobe electromagnetic horn according to claim 5, it is characterised in that: the notch slot (7)
Width and depth are the required a quarter for inhibiting frequency point corresponding wavelength；The bandwidth of operation of single notch slot (7) is limited, if day
The bandwidth of operation of line is wider, then passes through notch slot (7) Lai Shixian Sidelobe Suppression of multiple corresponding different frequent points.
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| CN109616771A (en) * | 2019-01-29 | 2019-04-12 | 南京信息工程大学 | A kind of millimeter wave broadband low sidelobe electromagnetic horn |
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| CN109616771A (en) * | 2019-01-29 | 2019-04-12 | 南京信息工程大学 | A kind of millimeter wave broadband low sidelobe electromagnetic horn |
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