CN209194482U - Spiral-flow type Tai Ji eight diagrams fishway - Google Patents
Spiral-flow type Tai Ji eight diagrams fishway Download PDFInfo
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- CN209194482U CN209194482U CN201821706562.8U CN201821706562U CN209194482U CN 209194482 U CN209194482 U CN 209194482U CN 201821706562 U CN201821706562 U CN 201821706562U CN 209194482 U CN209194482 U CN 209194482U
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Classifications
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A40/00—Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production
- Y02A40/60—Ecological corridors or buffer zones
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- Farming Of Fish And Shellfish (AREA)
Abstract
The utility model discloses a spiral-flow type taiji eight diagrams fishway, including a plurality of circular pond rooms that communicate in proper order, through the shrink zone intercommunication between the adjacent circular pond room, the shrink zone is by the smooth-going linking of reverse circular arc, each be provided with rotatable taiji disc in the circular pond room, taiji disc includes the disc that comprises positive fish part and negative fish part, just be provided with the passageway that overflows in S-shaped clearance between positive fish part and the negative fish part, each still be provided with a plurality of following on the taiji disc pivoted inner baffle, each be provided with a plurality of outer baffles on the lateral wall of circular pond room, each circular pond room import department is provided with the water conservancy diversion bank. The utility model discloses a spiral-flow type taiji eight diagrams fishway subdues the rivers energy through taiji disc and inside and outside baffle, and can form polymorphic velocity of flow field in order to adapt to the migration of multiple fish, and the water conservancy diversion bank makes rivers form the whirl in circular pond indoor, and it is rotatory to strike taiji disc.
Description
Technical field
The utility model relates to a kind of spiral-flow type eight-diagram-shaped appetizer fish pass.
Background technique
Hydraulic engineering also brings certain negative effect sometimes while bringing good to and remove all evil, as flood retarding project can be in certain journey
The connectivity that river is destroyed on degree, blocks the migration channel of fish.Fish pass is to improve river connectivity, protection species diversity
One of effective measures.In the external research history for having centuries, and at home, the research history of fish pass only has more than 50 fish pass
Year.Literature search shows domestic and international many scholars by carrying out a large amount of laboratory test research and numerical simulation calculation to fish pass
Research optimizes flow-shape and structure inside fish pass and arranges size, fish pass design method standardized, for old-fashioned fish pass
Reconstruction and the construction of new and effective fish pass play the role of crucial technological guidance.Rajaratnam etc. is by vertical seam type fish channel
The experimental study in pond room flow field is found, when the length-width ratio in pond room is L/B=10:8, the fluid stable of pond room.Liu et al. is to perps
Formula fish pass has carried out model investigation, measures the waterpower index such as velocity flow profile and Turbulent characteristics in the room of pond.Bravely equal pair of Dong Zhi
Ipsilateral, heteropleural vertical seam type fish channel has carried out hydraulic characteristic(s) test and has put fish test, it is found that it is medium ipsilateral vertical seam type fish channel is suitable for
The evolution with distance of traffic situation, heteropleural vertical seam type fish channel mainstream flow velocity can be described with 1 conic section.With computer simulation
The development of technology, Xu Tibing etc. have found fish pass pond length-width ratio in the range of 8:8~10.5:8 by numerical simulation calculation research
It is interior, preferable fluidised form can be obtained.Zhang Guoqiang etc. has studied influence of the perps width to water flow structure in pond, and provides perps
The reasonable value range of width is b/B=0.15~0.20 (b, B are respectively perps width and pond room width).What side was vigorously waited forever grinds
Study carefully the result shows that, for main flow area distribution in ponds at different levels, main when perps mean velocity in section value is within the scope of 0.8~2.0m/s
Stream flow velocity is distributed and does not make significant difference along journey attenuation law and perps cross-sectional flow, and further studies perps section stream
The changing rule of speed distribution and mainstream velocity flow profile in ponds at different levels.In addition to about vertical seam type fish channel research, Yagci and Ead etc.
Test and theoretical research then have been carried out to the hydraulic characteristic(s) of pond weir-type fish pass (way) respectively；The design side to near-nature forest fish pass such as Sun Shuanke
Method and design concept etc. have carried out analysis and have illustrated.
The country still has many fish pass operational effects undesirable at present, and some fish pass are even built up i.e. by discarded, such as seven inner ridges
The fish pass in power station just never has fish, shrimp, crab to pass through from after building up, and Hunan ocean pond fish road is built up for 1980, is at from 1984
Discarded state.The design of traditional fish pass is directed to certain a fairly large number of class shoal of fish in river mostly, but there is differences for natural river
Migration period, and corresponding straddling fish stocks are adapted in each migration period flow velocity is different, due to traditional fish pass once
It builds up, solid structure shape is also just relatively fixed, although water flow can be because uninterrupted etc. be because being known as certain variation, flow velocity point
The variations such as cloth are little, thus are difficult to adapt to a variety of fish and pass through, this just makes traditional fish pass have certain limitation, may lead
Caused fingerling class single.
Utility model content
In order to solve the above-mentioned technical problem, the purpose of the utility model is to provide a kind of spiral-flow type eight-diagram-shaped appetizer fish pass, lead to
Tai Ji disk and inside and outside partition abatement flow energy are crossed, and polymorphic velocity field can be formed to adapt to the Tai Ji of a variety of fish migrations
The novel fish pass of formula.
In order to solve the above technical problems, the utility model adopts the following technical solution:
A kind of spiral-flow type eight-diagram-shaped appetizer fish pass, including multiple round pond rooms being sequentially communicated, between adjacent round pond room
It is connected to by shrinking zone, the shrinking zone is smoothly connected by reversed circular arc, and being provided in each round pond room can be rotated (with water
Flow rotation) Tai Ji disk, the Tai Ji disk includes the disk being made of positive fish portion and negative fish portion, and the positive fish portion
The flow channels in S-shaped gap point are provided between negative fish portion, be additionally provided on each Tai Ji disk it is multiple with it is described too
The internal partition of pole disk rotational is provided with multiple external partitions, each round pond room import on the side wall of each round pond room
Place is provided with water conservancy diversion bank.
Further, the external partition is groynes formula partition.
Further, described external partition one end is fixed on the pool wall of the round pond room and is set towards the inclination of Tai Ji disk
It sets.
Further, the external partition and the pool wall tangent line angle of the round pond room are 10 °~80 °.
Further, the water conservancy diversion bank Parallel to the flow direction is obliquely installed.
Further, it is arranged on the Tai Ji disk and encloses the multiple interior of circumferentially formula distribution including at least one from inside to outside
Partition can be a circle, two circles or three circles, and the partition size of every circle can be different, are set as needed.Be typically chosen by
Interior and outer partition becomes larger.
Further, circumferentially formula is distributed multiple internal partitions.
Further, the Tai Ji disk bottom is rotatably fixed on the round pond by bearing and bearing block through shaft
Indoor bottom.
Compared with prior art, the advantageous effects of the utility model:
Efficiently dissipation flow energy achievees the purpose that small flow, the big depth of water, low flow velocity, big gradient and small project amount；
Tai Ji disk can build changeable water environment, and the pond room side wall of " Taiji " type fish pass uses circular curve, pond room it
Between be connected shrinking zone be smoothly connected by reversed circular arc, water flow can be made more smooth in this way, while used by " Taiji " type fish pass
It is postponed into anxious change procedure by water flow through energy dissipation by hydraulic jump in section shrinkage and expansion, reduces flow velocity in round pond room；Pond
Room side wall is arranged groynes formula partition and changes the direction of a stream of water because being stopped when upstream incoming flow passes through groynes formula partition, straddling fish stocks
It can have a rest in groynes formula partition downstream, the flow channels that the gap between the upper female and male fish of Tai Ji circle is formed have dispersing water flow, disappear
The effect of diminishing stream energy；Internal partition is connected with Tai Ji disk, can rotate together according to certain period, under eddy flow drive
The Tai Ji disk rotated is combined into different operating conditions from the groynes formula partition on pool wall at different times, is water flow
Polymorphism create conditions；Water conservancy diversion bank promotes water flow to form eddy flow in round pond room, to enhance effect of energy dissipation, increases water
It is deep, improved fish ability；
Since velocity flow profile changes with space, the length of rapids zone is reduced, forms many scattered areas of slack water, emergency
Alternately, select different flow conditions highly beneficial different fishes, fish can choose nearest area of slack water rest, wait for an opportunity to rush
Trip, while improving the comfort level of fish migration.
Detailed description of the invention
The utility model is described in further detail for explanation with reference to the accompanying drawing.
Fig. 1 is the structural schematic diagram of the utility model spiral-flow type eight-diagram-shaped appetizer fish pass；
Fig. 2 is the schematic diagram of three kinds of operating conditions；
Fig. 3 is the fluidised form figure of three round ponds room；
Fig. 4 is the curve graph that sounds the depth of the water on fish pass center line under 3 kinds of operating conditions.
Description of symbols: 1, round pond room；2, Tai Ji disk；3, positive fish portion；4, negative fish portion platform；5, it crosses and circulates
Road；6, internal partition；7, external partition；8, water conservancy diversion bank.
Specific embodiment
As shown in Figure 1, a kind of spiral-flow type eight-diagram-shaped appetizer fish pass, including multiple round pond rooms 1 being sequentially communicated, adjacent circle
It is connected between shape pond room 1 by shrinking zone, the shrinking zone is smoothly connected by reversed circular arc, setting in each round pond room 1
There is rotatable Tai Ji disk 2, the Tai Ji disk 2 includes constituting being divided by positive fish portion 3 and negative fish portion 4 for the center that is set to
Disk, and the flow channels 5 in S-shaped gap are provided between the positive fish portion 3 and negative fish portion 4, on each Tai Ji disk 2
It is additionally provided with a circle circumferentially formula distribution and the internal partition 6 rotated with the Tai Ji disk 2 (Eight Diagrams line in the Eight Diagrams item in i.e.), each circle
It is provided with multiple external partitions 7 (i.e. outer Eight Diagrams line in the Eight Diagrams item) on the side wall of shape pond room 2, is groynes formula partition, each round pond room 2
Entrance is provided with water conservancy diversion bank 8, and 8 Parallel to the flow direction of water conservancy diversion bank is obliquely installed.
In the present embodiment, described 7 one end of external partition is fixed on the pool wall of the round pond room 1 and towards Tai Ji disk 2
It is obliquely installed, the external partition 7 and the pool wall tangent line angle of the round pond room are 10 °~80 °.It is arranged on the Tai Ji disk
Internal partition, can be a circle, two circles or three circles, the partition size of every circle can be different, are set as needed, general to select
The partition selected from inside to outside becomes larger.2 bottom of Tai Ji disk is rotatably fixed on through shaft by bearing and bearing block
Bottom in the circle pond room 1.
The pond room arc side wall of " Taiji " type fish pass and the design of pond room and the similarity of traditional fish pass are to pass through overcurrent
The width in channel changes the high bealock upstream water level of harmony, forms hydraulic jump in downstream, cuts down water flow dynamic energy, reduce flow velocity, crosses fish with benefit.
The difference is that passing through Tai Ji disk (containing internal partition) rotation in the room of pond and the group with the external partition (groynes formula partition) on pool wall
It closes, the water flow of spatially " polymorphic " and " becoming at once " is built, to improve the applicability of fish pass.
Establish modelling effect verifying:
One, operating condition of test
After overall model completes, the mistake of " no Tai Ji disk and interior external partition " (hereinafter referred to as operating condition 0) is carried out first
Water test, and with stylus measurement reconnaissance the depth of water.After Tai Ji disk is installed, since the difference of female and male fish is the difference of color,
There is S-shaped water passage in centre, will be the repetition to operating condition before after rotating 180 °, therefore according to Tai Ji after installation Tai Ji disk
The difference of disk rotational angle is divided into 8 groups, respectively 0 ° by operating condition of test according to the angle of intermediate Tai Ji disc rotary,
22.5°,45°,67,5°,90°,112.5°,135°,157.5°.Wherein, when water flow and intermediate S-shaped water passage are mutually perpendicular to
When referred to as " operating condition 1 ", abbreviation " operating condition 2 " when water flow is parallel with intermediate S-shaped channel, as shown in Figure 2.
Two, test result
1, water test is crossed
Water test main detection flow-shape and water depth ratio are crossed, at typical position on needle water level gauge measuring center line
Water level, and then calculate the depth of water.
8 groups of tests of Tai Ji disc rotary different angle have been carried out to cross water test, whole change of flow state is more consistent, on
Incoming flow is swum when by first pond room upstream most narrow place, water level harmony is high, and the most narrow place of process reaches pond room front half section, depth of water drop
Low, flow velocity increases, and hydraulic jump phenomenon occurs, rapids zone extends to disc centre edge.Section where disc centre is that pond room is most wide
Place, pond room second half section, section gradually taper up, and the depth of water gradually increases；Water flow is behind the most narrow place in second pond room upstream, water level
Start from depth to shallow, since the energy dissipating of pond room 1 acts on, hydraulic jump phenomenon is unobvious, and flow velocity reduces, and torrent section length shortens, pond room
Interior bulk flow speed reduces, and the depth of water increases compared with disk 1；Water flow is behind the most narrow place in third pond room upstream, and speed reduces again, pond
Water flow more fluctuates smaller in room 3, more steadily, as shown in Figure 3.
Under every kind of operating condition when test, the angle of three Tai Ji disks is all consistent, and internal partition is relative to entire pond room
Position be the same.When test, upstream water level is remained unchanged.
Under the conditions of operating condition 0, since fish pass experienced larger variation from narrow to wide, water from bealock to pond room flow section
Stream is transitioned into unhurried current from torrent, hydraulic jump phenomenon has occurred, the depth of water is from light to dark.After Tai Ji disk is installed, operating condition 1 and operating condition 2
Under the conditions of, still generation hydraulic jump phenomenon, but compared to 0 current conditions of operating condition be improved significantly, the water surface rise and fall it is gentle, wherein most
5mm when shallow place's depth of water is by no Tai Ji disk increases to 10mm to 12mm, and most shallowly 2 times of increase or so of place's depth of water correspondingly break
Face mean maximum flow velocity reduces 50% or so, and the fish pass energy dissipating slowing effect after illustrating addition Tai Ji device is obvious.
2, it sounds the depth of the water
Water flow movement and the instrument and equipment used that sounds the depth of the water are observed in test mainly steel ruler, the needle tubing with red ink
And it is fixed on manufactured packaged type stylus etc. on aluminium alloy frame, it, will be manufactured removable to guarantee the steady of mobile stylus
Dynamic formula stylus is placed on height-adjustable four foot prop.
As shown in figure 4, the depth of water of above-mentioned operating condition 0, operating condition 1, the measurement of 2 three kinds of operating conditions of operating condition is depicted as rectilinear, phase
Mutually relatively it can be found that: most shallowly place's depth of water is 2 times or so of the depth of water when reaching no Tai Ji disk, and correspondingly, section is averaged max-flow
Speed reduces 50% or so, and the fish pass energy dissipating slowing effect after illustrating addition Tai Ji device is obvious.
3, fish test is crossed
It has also carried out crossing fish test while crossing water test.
In operating condition 0, test fish is placed in pond room 3, test fish has swum across 2 ponds after by effort swim reluctantly
Room reaches pond room 1 and illustrates that flow velocity is excessive in fish pass then again by water flow refunds pond room 2, also further energy dissipating should be taken to arrange
It applies.
Operating condition 1 and operating condition 2 after increasing Tai Ji disk, test fish easily swim across the water tank that 3 ponds room reaches upstream.Test
Illustrate, the effect of the energy dissipating and change fluidised form of installing Tai Ji disk and Eight Diagrams line in the Eight Diagrams item is obvious, increases the comfort of fish migration.
Three, conclusion
1. crossing in water test, the combination of Tai Ji disk and interior external partition, most shallowly place's depth of water reaches corresponding when no Tai Ji device
2 times or so of most shallow water depth, section average largest speed of current reduces 50% or so, significantly improves fish pass energy dissipating slowing effect；
2. the surface water flow in the room of " Taiji " type fish pass pond has obvious zoned phenomenon；
3. crossing fish test explanation, the effect of the energy dissipating and change fluidised form of installing Tai Ji disk and partition is obvious, increases fish
The comfort of class migration.
In summary, pass through the S-shaped channel of fish pass, Tai Ji disk to no disk and water flow nearly orthogonal and parallel 3 kinds
Operating condition carried out water test, crosses fish test, obtained following Main Conclusions:
1. compared with no Tai Ji device the case where, in simple-type type fish pass, the combination of Tai Ji disk and interior external partition is aobvious
Work enhances fish pass energy dissipating slowing effect, corresponding most shallow water deep 2 times or so when most shallowly place's depth of water reaches no Tai Ji device, section
Average largest speed of current reduces 50% or so.
2. the surface water flow in the room of " Taiji " type fish pass pond has obvious zoned phenomenon, and crosses fish test explanation, Tai Ji disk
The effect of energy dissipating and change fluidised form with partition is obvious, and different subregions is suitble to different straddling fish stocks, increases fish migration
Comfort.
3. the complete novel fish pass bottom of pond energy dissipating slowing effect of " Taiji " type is more preferable, and shows in the flow velocity field distribution in cross section
Good flow velocity subregion effect out.
Embodiment described above is only that the preferred embodiment of the utility model is described, not to the utility model
Range is defined, and under the premise of not departing from the spirit of the design of the utility model, those of ordinary skill in the art are practical new to this
The various changes and improvements that the technical solution of type is made should all fall into the protection scope that the utility model claims book determines
It is interior.
Claims (8)
1. a kind of spiral-flow type eight-diagram-shaped appetizer fish pass, it is characterised in that: including multiple round pond rooms being sequentially communicated, adjacent circle
It is connected between the room of pond by shrinking zone, the shrinking zone is smoothly connected by reversed circular arc, and being provided in each round pond room can
The Tai Ji disk of rotation, the Tai Ji disk include the disk being made of positive fish portion and negative fish portion, and the positive fish portion
It is provided with the flow channels in S-shaped gap between negative fish portion, is additionally provided on each Tai Ji disk multiple with the Tai Ji
The internal partition of disk rotational is provided with multiple external partitions, each round pond room entrance on the side wall of each round pond room
It is provided with water conservancy diversion bank.
2. spiral-flow type eight-diagram-shaped appetizer fish pass according to claim 1, it is characterised in that: the external partition be groynes formula every
Plate.
3. spiral-flow type eight-diagram-shaped appetizer fish pass according to claim 1, it is characterised in that: institute is fixed in described external partition one end
It states on the pool wall of round pond room and is obliquely installed towards Tai Ji disk.
4. spiral-flow type eight-diagram-shaped appetizer fish pass according to claim 3, it is characterised in that: the external partition and the round pond
The pool wall tangent line angle of room is 10 °~80 °.
5. spiral-flow type eight-diagram-shaped appetizer fish pass according to claim 1, it is characterised in that: the water conservancy diversion bank Parallel to the flow direction inclines
Tiltedly setting.
6. spiral-flow type eight-diagram-shaped appetizer fish pass according to claim 1, it is characterised in that: on the Tai Ji disk setting include
At least one circle multiple internal partitions that circumferentially formula is distributed from inside to outside.
7. spiral-flow type eight-diagram-shaped appetizer fish pass according to claim 6, it is characterised in that: multiple internal partitions circumferentially formula
Distribution.
8. spiral-flow type eight-diagram-shaped appetizer fish pass according to claim 1, it is characterised in that: the Tai Ji disk bottom is through shaft
Bottom in the round pond room is rotatably fixed on by bearing and bearing block.
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN201821706562.8U CN209194482U (en) | 2018-10-22 | 2018-10-22 | Spiral-flow type Tai Ji eight diagrams fishway |
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN201821706562.8U CN209194482U (en) | 2018-10-22 | 2018-10-22 | Spiral-flow type Tai Ji eight diagrams fishway |
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| CN209194482U true CN209194482U (en) | 2019-08-02 |
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Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN109113034A (en) * | 2018-10-22 | 2019-01-01 | 河北农业大学 | Spiral-flow type Tai Ji eight diagrams fishway |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN109113034A (en) * | 2018-10-22 | 2019-01-01 | 河北农业大学 | Spiral-flow type Tai Ji eight diagrams fishway |
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Granted publication date: 20190802 Termination date: 20211022 |