CN209131871U - A kind of fiber grating shear force sensor - Google Patents
A kind of fiber grating shear force sensor Download PDFInfo
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- CN209131871U CN209131871U CN201920051980.6U CN201920051980U CN209131871U CN 209131871 U CN209131871 U CN 209131871U CN 201920051980 U CN201920051980 U CN 201920051980U CN 209131871 U CN209131871 U CN 209131871U
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- shear force
- fiber grating
- force sensor
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Abstract
The utility model discloses a kind of fiber grating shear force sensors, including several spaced shear force sensors, each shear force sensor includes two layers of fixing layer arranged in parallel, deformation layer is also filled between two fixing layers, obliquely through there is an optical fiber between two fixing layers, fiber grating is arranged in the deformation layer in the optical fiber.The utility model has the advantages that: traditional strain rosette class sensor is overcome vulnerable to electromagnetic interference, the problem of long-time stability difference；Sensor bulk is small, and it is convenient that construction is pasted, and measurement accuracy is high；Multiple spot distributed measurement can be carried out, in underground structure vibration bench test, the distribution situation of the earthquake shearing power of any time can be measured.
Description
Technical field
The utility model belongs to technical field of civil engineering, and in particular to a kind of fiber grating shear force sensor.
Background technique
Shearing force measurement is one on the engineer application in the fields such as monitoring structural health conditions and Urban Underground structural earthquake engineering
The problem of a key.It can be seen that earthquake shear stress on ground from the development of domestic and international underground structure earthquake response and analysis method
There is presently no substantive progress for the research of the distribution pattern of flowering structure surrounding, thus it is how accurate, reasonably test out underground knot
The shearing force of structure component is urgent problem to be solved at this stage.
Shearing force is measured using strain rosette in existing civil engineering, needs a large amount of strain transducers being arranged to triangle
Or rectangle, by measurement normal strain component and solve system of equation, so that shearing force be calculated.Equipment arrangement and calculating process compared with
It is cumbersome.Meanwhile foil gauge lay number it is more when, need more electric wire, unavoidably bring vulnerable to electromagnetic interference, survey
It is not high to try precision, the disadvantage of long-time stability difference.In addition, the laying of strain rosette is limited to the size of measured body, it is based on shake table
Performance parameter influence, model test be usually reduced scale test, using zinc-coated wire substitute steel bar stress, cause strain rosette not
Can be more smooth be fixed on measured body, destroys the integrality of measured body.
Summary of the invention
The purpose of this utility model is to provide a kind of fiber grating shearing force biography according to above-mentioned the deficiencies in the prior art place
Sensor, the shear force sensor that the embodiment of the utility model is made up of the fiber grating being obliquely installed is to underground structure component
Shearing force tested, quasi-distributed measurement easily can be carried out to test structure.
The utility model aim realization is completed by following technical scheme:
A kind of fiber grating shear force sensor, which is characterized in that including several spaced shear force sensors, often
A shear force sensor includes two layers of fixing layer arranged in parallel, is also filled with deformation between two fixing layers
Layer, obliquely through there is an optical fiber between two fixing layers, fiber grating is arranged in the deformation layer in the optical fiber.
The material of the fixing layer is carbon fibre composite.
The shear force sensor in vacuum high temperature furnace by heating the fiber grating, optical fiber, described solid
Given layer, the deformation layer position be fixed, the heating temperature of the vacuum high temperature furnace is 110-130 DEG C, and when heating is a length of
3-5 hours.
The material of the deformation layer is silastic material.
Each shear force sensor is sequentially connected by the same optical fiber.
The utility model has the advantages that: (1) traditional strain rosette class sensor is overcome vulnerable to electromagnetic interference, long-time stability
The problem of difference；(2) sensor bulk is small, and it is convenient that construction is pasted, and measurement accuracy is high；(3) multiple spot distributed measurement can be carried out, on ground
In flowering structure shaketalle test, the distribution situation of the earthquake shearing power of any time can be measured.
Detailed description of the invention
Fig. 1 is the schematic diagram of the section structure of shear force sensor in the utility model embodiment；
Fig. 2 is the schematic diagram of the section structure of test model in the utility model embodiment；
Fig. 3 is the partial enlarged view of test model in the utility model embodiment.
Specific embodiment
The feature of the utility model and other correlated characteristics are made further specifically by embodiment below in conjunction with attached drawing
It is bright, in order to the understanding of technical staff of the same trade:
Such as Fig. 1-3, label 1-9 is respectively as follows: shear force sensor 1, fixing layer 2, deformation layer 3, fiber grating 4, light in figure
Fibre 5, structural model 6, microconcrete block 7, lamination shear native case 8, shake table 9.
Embodiment: as shown in Figure 1-3, the present embodiment is specifically related to a kind of fiber grating shear force sensor, pass through inclination
The shear force sensor 1 that the fiber grating 4 of setting is constituted tests the shearing force of underground structure component, can be easily
Quasi-distributed measurement is carried out to test structure, measurement accuracy is high, is not easy the interference of tested person environment.
As shown in figs. 1 and 3, the fiber grating shear force sensor in the present embodiment includes the shearing force sensing at several intervals
Device 1, each shear force sensor 1 include two layers of fixing layer 2 arranged in parallel, are additionally provided with deformation between two fixing layers 2
Layer 3, obliquely through there is an optical fiber 5 between two fixing layers 2, light is arranged in 3 region of deformation layer between fixing layer 2 in optical fiber 5
Fine grating 4.The junction of optical fiber 5 and fixing layer 2 is fixed structure.Shear force sensor 1 is sequentially connected by same optical fiber 5.
Wherein fixing layer 2 is that elastic material can be in level side for directly contacting or being pasted onto model configuration to be measured, deformation layer 3
To and vertical direction deformation, optical fiber 5 and fiber grating 4 thereon it is inclined between fixing layer 2.Work as shearing force
When, fixing layer 2 is mobile towards the direction of shearing force, and intermediate deformation layer 3 accordingly generates deformation, so that between fixing layer 2
Fiber grating 4 be also stretched and with deformation layer 3 occur physical deformation.The displacement of above-mentioned deformation layer 3 and fiber grating 4 is assisted
The shearing stress-strain that optical fiber 5 is subject to is converted to equivalent axial strain by tune process.It, can by measuring the axial strain of optical fiber 5
The stress acted on measured body is released, this makes it possible to obtain current shear force values.The size of shearing force directly with fiber grating 4
Deformation quantity association, the deformation quantity of fiber grating 4 is directly related with the wavelength of the photosignal in optical fiber 5, can pass through photoelectricity
Signal constitutes the value that test data gets the shearing force acted on shear force sensor 1.
As shown in Figure 1, the material of fixing layer 2 is carbon fibre composite.The material of deformation layer 3 is silastic material.Carbon
Fibrous composite is easily obtained restorability with silastic material and Self-adhesive is strong, and higher self-adhesion effectively reduces
Between the two to the requirement of additional stickup property.Meanwhile silicon rubber has good reset and deformability, and and carbon composite
Condition of cure be mutually compatible with.Shear force sensor 1 in vacuum high temperature furnace by heating fixing layer 2, deformation layer 3, optical fiber light
Grid 4, optical fiber 5 position be fixed, the heating temperature of vacuum high temperature furnace is 110-130 DEG C, and when heating is 3-5 hours a length of.Root
According to the solidifying requirements of carbon fibre composite, the bond strength of reinforced fixed structure by the way of heating.
As shown in Figures 2 and 3, the working method of the fiber grating shear force sensor in the present embodiment is tied applied to underground
In structure shaketalle test, comprising the following steps: step 1: fixing lamination shearing-type soil case 8 on the table top of shake table 9 and load
Soil layer and structural model are preset with several shear force sensors 1 in test model；Step 2: shake table 9 is inputted to test model
Table top excitation, shear force sensor 1 record test data in real time；Step 3: being calculated and obtained in structural model respectively according to test data
The shearing force distributed data of a position.
As shown in Figures 2 and 3, test model includes the lamination shearing-type soil case 8 being fixed on shake table 9, lamination shearing
Structural model 6 is horizontally arranged in type soil case 8, soil layer, compartment of terrain on the side wall of structural model 6 are loaded in the region outside structural model 6
Multiple microconcrete blocks 7 are set, are pasted with shearing force sensing on microconcrete block 7 and the contact surface of 6 side wall of structural model
Device 1.
As shown in Figures 2 and 3, the underground structure model 6 for being 1/30 to a scaling factor carries out shearing force testing, structural model
6 section width is 666.7 millimeters, a height of 467.4 millimeters of section, and the size of microconcrete block 7 is 40 millimeters40 millimeters
15 millimeters.Fiber grating shear force sensor, optical fiber light are pasted in the side wall and 7 contact surface of microconcrete block of structural model 6
Grid shear force sensor measuring accuracy is 0.01 N.An optical cable connection is respectively adopted in the side wall two sides of structural model 6 respectively to cut
Shear force sensor 1 realizes quasi-distributed measurement, it is ensured that measurement accuracy and stability.Banketing for lamination shearing-type soil case 8 reaches one
After determining height, soil layer surface is put down with light aquaplane, hoisting structure model 6, after installation is in place, continues to be laid in model two sides
Upper soil horizon.When carrying out shaketalle test, the excitation of table top input is respectively white noise, 50Hz sine wave and Wolong earthquake
It is dynamic, the real-time testing data of each measuring point are recorded by shear force sensor 1.After vibration, recorded based on shear force sensor 1
Data by calculate, the size of shearing force at each measuring point is obtained, so that the earthquake for obtaining entire underground structure acting by their periphery is cut
Power.Shear force sensor 1 arranges that obtained shearing force distribution pattern is more accurate more.
As shown in Fig. 2, in above-described embodiment, on structural model 6 paste shear force sensor 1 the following steps are included:
Basal plane processing pastes the basal plane of shear force sensor 1 with removals such as concrete electric angle grinder, grinding wheel, sand paper
The impurity such as laitance, greasy dirt, basal plane is polished flat, and especially the boss of basal plane will polish.
Basal plane cleaning, the loose dross on surface is brushed away with wire brush, and the dust on surface is removed with compressed air, then uses acetone
Base surface is wiped, it is sufficiently dry to it.
Host agent and curing agent are first placed in container by brushing primer by preset ratio, are stirred with the method for low speed rotation
Uniformly, dosage is determined according to live real air temperature, and strict control uses the time, for concrete surface primer and primer curing agent
Ratio be 100:15.Primer is equably applied to surface of concrete structure with drum brush or hairbrush, thickness is no more than 0.5 milli
Rice avoids leakage from brushing or have trickling, bubble, solidifies to primer.
Smooth processing polishes flat the convex portion of basal plane with sanding machine or sand paper after primer solidifies, using leveling
Sizing material fills and leads up the depressed area of basal plane.It flattens leveling glue in sizing material and flattens the ratio of adhesive curing agent as 100:25, stir evenly
Afterwards, embedding scrape of sizing material will be flattened with grey knife to carry out repairing in concrete surface depressed area and fill and lead up, sizing material to be flattened solidification.
Sensor is pasted, the ratio of glue and glue curing agent in stickup sizing material used of pasting is 100:40, stirring
After uniformly, sensor side fixing layer 2 and basal plane are uniformly applied to hairbrush, then sensor is pasted onto preset test position
It sets, is then rolled in the same direction on 2 surface of fixing layer of the sensor other side to sizing material exudation and be used for repeatedly with smooth roller
The outer surface of the fixing layer 2 of stickup, to go bubble removing to make the sufficiently infiltration sizing material of fixing layer 2.Fiber grating shear force sensor is viscous
After patch, for the abundant maceration of the resin of guarantee carbon fibre composite layer, should at least it place 30 minutes or more, if float,
Dislocation is handled in time.
The method that concrete block 7 is pasted on the shear force sensor 1 of structural model 6 is glued on structural model 6 with above-mentioned
It is approximate to paste 1 method of shear force sensor, difference is to paste microconcrete block 7 into another fixing layer 2 of shear force sensor 1
Afterwards, 7 surface of microconcrete block is directly pressed, and fixed.Stand maintenance, for have wind, drench with rain or be possible to artificial disturbance
Place should carry out blocking fencing lawn, curing period, is generally one week.
The HCJ carbon fiber rubber stick of above-mentioned adhesive material selection Shanghai chemical materials Co., Ltd production, including primer,
Levelling glue and stickup sizing material.
As shown in Figure 1, being derived from according to the formula that test data calculates shearing force by following procedure in the present embodiment:
1 analysis model of shear force sensor is established, the shearing force of optical fiber 5 axial strain and application is exportedFRelational expression: apply
Add shearing force on a sensorFFor, whereinFor the axle power acted on silastic material deformation layer 3,
To act on the horizontal force in deformation layer 3 on optical fiber 5.The horizontal direction elongation of deformation layer 3 is expressed as, wherein
For the rigidity of deformation layer 3.And according to Hooke's law, 3 rigidity of deformation layerIt is represented by, whereinbFor
The width of deformation layer 3,lFor in the 5 embedding distortion layer 3 of effective length i.e. optical fiber of deformation layer 3 horizontal direction project length,h
For the thickness of deformation layer 3,For 3 elasticity modulus of materials of deformation layer,For 3 material Poisson's ratio of deformation layer.5 edge of optical fiber in deformation layer 3
Slanting elongation is, with horizontal direction elongationRelationship be。It is optical fiber 5 in fixing layer 2
Between inclined angle.Act on the horizontal force in deformation layer 3 on optical fiber 5With its skew forceF diaRelationship be.Oblique elongationIt can be expressed as again。For the rigidity of optical fiber 5, according to Hooke's law,, whereinFor 5 elasticity modulus of optical fiber,For 5 cross-sectional area of optical fiber.Therefore, 5 horizontal direction elongation of optical fiber
It is represented by.According to displacement compatibility conditionIt obtains.It derives.It is assumed that the angle of optical fiber 5 and deformation layer 3Be it is very small, therefore,.Shearing forceFEffect
Lower 5 length of optical fiber changes, angleAlso can accordingly change, due to angleIt is worth very little, any small angle change causes
The variation of string value can ignore, can be by angleIt is considered as constant, obtain optical fiber 5 indicates along slanting elongation are as follows:.The axial strain of optical fiber 5For, whereinIt is optical fiber 5 along slanting original length.And then it exports
The shearing force of optical fiber 5 axial strain and applicationFRelational expression。
Establish the relational expression between the wavelength change rate of fiber grating 4 and the shearing force of application: fiber grating 4 is in outer masterpiece
Changed with lower generation deformation, so as to cause the variation of 4 central wavelength of fiber grating.The change rate of 4 central wavelength of fiber grating with
The relationship of axial strain and temperature is, whereinFor bragg wavelength,For bragg wavelength variable quantity,For the effective refractive index of 5 fibre core of optical fiber,WithFor the elasto-optical coefficient of single mode optical fiber,It is the Poisson's ratio of optical fiber 5,It is thermo-optical coeffecient,It is rate of temperature change.Since the development of test is in stable indoor ring
Border temperature can ignore the influence of rate of temperature change bring, i.e.,.The change rate of 4 central wavelength of fiber grating is answered with axial
Become and the relational expression of temperature is reduced to.In conjunction with above-mentioned 5 axial strain of optical fiber with apply
The relational expression of the shearing force added obtains, that is, it is applied to biography
Formula between 4 wavelength change rate of shearing force on sensor and fiber grating.It can accurately in real time by the calculating of above-mentioned formula
Measurement obtain construction package contact between shearing force.
The present embodiment has the advantages that (1) overcomes traditional strain rosette class sensor vulnerable to electromagnetic interference, steady in a long-term
Property difference problem；(2) sensor bulk is small, and it is convenient that construction is pasted, and measurement accuracy is high；(3) multiple spot distributed measurement can be carried out,
In underground structure vibration bench test, the distribution situation of the earthquake shearing power of any time can be measured.
Claims (5)
1. a kind of fiber grating shear force sensor, which is characterized in that including several spaced shear force sensors, each
The shear force sensor includes two layers of fixing layer arranged in parallel, is also filled with deformation layer between two fixing layers,
Obliquely through there is an optical fiber between two fixing layers, fiber grating is arranged in the deformation layer in the optical fiber.
2. a kind of fiber grating shear force sensor according to claim 1, which is characterized in that the material of the fixing layer
For carbon fibre composite.
3. a kind of fiber grating shear force sensor according to claim 2, which is characterized in that the shear force sensor
The position of the fiber grating, the optical fiber, the fixing layer, the deformation layer is carried out by being heated in vacuum high temperature furnace
Fixed, the heating temperature of the vacuum high temperature furnace is 110-130 DEG C, and when heating is 3-5 hours a length of.
4. a kind of fiber grating shear force sensor according to claim 1, which is characterized in that the material of the deformation layer
For silastic material.
5. a kind of fiber grating shear force sensor according to claim 1, which is characterized in that each shearing force sensing
Device is sequentially connected by the same optical fiber.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201920051980.6U CN209131871U (en) | 2019-01-14 | 2019-01-14 | A kind of fiber grating shear force sensor |
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| CN201920051980.6U CN209131871U (en) | 2019-01-14 | 2019-01-14 | A kind of fiber grating shear force sensor |
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Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN109540356A (en) * | 2019-01-14 | 2019-03-29 | 华东交通大学 | A kind of fiber grating shear force sensor and its working method |
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Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN109540356A (en) * | 2019-01-14 | 2019-03-29 | 华东交通大学 | A kind of fiber grating shear force sensor and its working method |
| CN109540356B (en) * | 2019-01-14 | 2023-11-21 | 华东交通大学 | Fiber bragg grating shear force sensor and working method thereof |
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Granted publication date: 20190719 Termination date: 20220114 |