CN209045171U - Reactor based on ATF fuel - Google Patents
Reactor based on ATF fuel Download PDFInfo
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- CN209045171U CN209045171U CN201821437071.8U CN201821437071U CN209045171U CN 209045171 U CN209045171 U CN 209045171U CN 201821437071 U CN201821437071 U CN 201821437071U CN 209045171 U CN209045171 U CN 209045171U
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- boric acid
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E30/00—Energy generation of nuclear origin
- Y02E30/30—Nuclear fission reactors
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Abstract
The utility model discloses a kind of reactors based on ATF fuel, and pressure vessel, at least one steam generator and at least one passive safety injection system of ATF fuel assembly are used including reactor core；The inlet and outlet of steam generator passes through heat pipe respectively and connects pressure vessel with cold pipe, forms a coolant flow cycle；Passive safety injection system includes the passive peace note unit of primary Ioops and passive boric acid injection unit；The passive peace note unit of primary Ioops includes the flow in pipes that position is arranged and is higher than the passive peace water injecting tank of cold pipe, is connected between passive peace water injecting tank and pressure vessel；Passive boric acid injection unit is connected between the flow in pipes and heat pipe.The reactor core of pressure vessel uses ATF fuel (accident fault tolerant fuel) in the utility model, improves reactor safety allowance, improves economy while increasing security performance.The quantity for the nuclear leve equipment that the simplification of safety injection system reduces reduces cost, shortens the construction period, improves economic performance.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to technical field of nuclear power more particularly to a kind of reactors based on ATF fuel.
Background technique
Pellet uses Zirconium alloy material in the nuclear fuel assembly of conventional nuclear reactor (CPR1000), and thing occurs
Therefore when zircaloy temperature rise it is very fast, and can and water reaction (reaction of zirconium water) fuel assembly is failed.Also, popular response heap
Safety injection system by High-pressure injection system, middle pressure peace note (safety injection tank) system and low head injection system three subsystems group
At the decompression situation of three subsystems reactor coolant according to caused by accident puts into operation respectively at various pressures.
For the composition of multiple subsystems so that system redundancy is big, cost is high.
Fukushima after the accident, the security performance of nuclear power station receives query, it is ensured that reactor safety, after mitigation accident
Fruit, at the most critical factor for restricting nuclear power developing.Accident fault tolerant fuel (Accident Tolerance Fuel, abbreviation ATF)
The fuel concept of new generation proposed to improve error resilience performance of the reactor under major accident operating condition, do not have also at present by
The accident fault tolerant fuel is applied in nuclear reactor, to effectively improve the safety and economy of nuclear power.
Summary of the invention
The technical problem to be solved in the present invention is that providing a kind of raising reactor safety allowance, increasing security reliability
It can and simplify the reactor based on ATF fuel of safety injection system.
The technical solution adopted by the present invention to solve the technical problems is: providing a kind of reactor based on ATF fuel, wraps
Include pressure vessel, at least one steam generator and at least one passive safety injection system that reactor core uses ATF fuel assembly；
The inlet and outlet of the steam generator passes through heat pipe respectively and connects the pressure vessel with cold pipe, forms a coolant flow
Logical circuit；
The passive safety injection system includes the passive peace note unit of primary Ioops and passive boric acid injection unit；Described one
The passive peace note unit in circuit includes that position is arranged to be higher than the passive peace water injecting tank of the cold pipe, be connected to the passive peace
Flow in pipes between water injecting tank and pressure vessel；The passive boric acid injection unit is connected to the flow in pipes and cold pipe
Between.
Preferably, the ATF fuel assembly is FCM fuel assembly；In the FCM fuel assembly, pellet is uranium nitride pellet,
Involucrum is silicon carbide involucrum.
Preferably, the setting position of the passive peace water injecting tank is at least 10 meters above the peace note point of the cold pipe.
Preferably, the passive boric acid injection unit includes that emergency boric acid injects case；The emergency boric acid injection case
Outlet connects the flow in pipes by boric acid input channel, passes through pressure-equalizing passageway at the top of the emergency boric acid injection case
Connect the heat pipe；Controlled valve is respectively equipped on the boric acid input channel and pressure-equalizing passageway.
Preferably, capacity >=2000m of the passive peace water injecting tank3。
Preferably, the reactor further includes at least one main pump；The main pump is arranged in the coolant flow cycle
In, it is connected between the outlet of the steam generator and cold pipe.
Preferably, the reactor further includes at least one voltage-stablizer, and the voltage-stablizer connects the heat pipe；
It is connected with level-one pressure-relief valve at the top of the voltage-stablizer, second level pressure-relief valve is connected on the heat pipe.
Preferably, the reactor further includes at least one passive secondary side Residual heat removal unit, the steam generation
The water inlet and steam (vapor) outlet of device are separately connected the passive secondary side Residual heat removal unit.
Preferably, the passive secondary side Residual heat removal unit includes cooling water tank, is arranged in the cooling water tank
Heat exchanger, be connected between the main steam line and heat exchanger of the steam generator jet chimney, be connected to the steaming
Feedwater piping between the main feed water pipe road and heat exchanger of vapour generator.
Preferably, the passive secondary side Residual heat removal unit further includes water supply tank；The bottom of the water supply tank connects
The feedwater piping, top connect the jet chimney.
Beneficial effects of the present invention: the reactor core of pressure vessel uses ATF fuel (accident fault tolerant fuel), with anti-height
The performances such as warm, anti-and water reaction, improve reactor safety allowance, improve economy while increasing safety and reliability.
Conventional basic, normal, high three safety injection systems are replaced using passive peace note unit in safety injection system, simplify peace note
System is realized when the large break full factory's power loss of superposition occurs, and in the case where not needing Operator actions, realizes passive peace note
And guarantee reactor reactor core involucrum will not be damaged in 12 hours, the security reliability of reactor is improved well.Peace note system
The quantity for the nuclear leve equipment that the simplification of system reduces reduces cost, the construction period in power station is shortened, so that economic performance
Relatively conventional nuclear power station is greatly improved.
Detailed description of the invention
Present invention will be further explained below with reference to the attached drawings and examples, in attached drawing:
Fig. 1 is the attachment structure schematic diagram of the reactor of one embodiment of the invention.
Specific embodiment
For a clearer understanding of the technical characteristics, objects and effects of the present invention, now control attached drawing is described in detail
A specific embodiment of the invention.
As shown in Figure 1, the reactor based on ATF fuel of one embodiment of the invention, including pressure vessel 10, at least one
Steam generator 20 and at least one passive safety injection system.The inlet and outlet of steam generator 20 passes through heat pipe respectively
21 and cold pipe 22 connect pressure vessel 10, be connected to form a coolant flow cycle between the two.Passive safety injection system connects
Pressure vessel 10 is connect, passive peace note is carried out.
In coolant flow cycle, coolant is delivered to pressure vessel by the outlet and cold pipe 22 of steam generator 20
In 10, by entering steam generator 20 by heat pipe 21 and import with after reactor core heat exchange.
Wherein, the reactor core of pressure vessel 10 uses ATF (accident fault tolerant fuel) fuel assembly.ATF is closed compared with conventional zirconium
Gold or uranium oxide fuel component have the performances such as resistant to high temperatures, anti-and water reaction, and will not react with water when accident occurs cause to lose
Effect.In the present embodiment, ATF fuel assembly is FCM (Fully Ceramic Microencapsulated, full ceramic particle combustion
Material) fuel assembly.In the FCM fuel assembly, the pellet of fuel rod is using uranium nitride pellet made of UN (uranium nitride) material；
Involucrum is to be coated on outside pellet, therefore fuel rod includes uranium nitride core using silicon carbide involucrum made of SiC (silicon carbide) material
Block and silicon carbide involucrum.SiC material fusing point is 2727 DEG C, and the zirconium water reaction of conventional fuel will not occur.The ratio of FCM fuel assembly
Thermal capacitance and thermal conductivity are all than conventional UO2Fuel assembly is improved largely.
In FCM fuel assembly, in conjunction with the selection of pellet and cladding materials, the fusing point of involucrum is about 2727 DEG C, so that FCM fires
Material component has good heating conduction and can bear higher clad temperature, has bigger safety allowance.Have benefited from FCM combustion
Expect the above-mentioned performance of component, safety injection system can replace three peace note of conventional high, medium and low voltage by passive peace note unit 30
System is integrally simplified.
The steam (vapor) outlet at 20 top of steam generator is connected with main steam line 23, exports steam；Steam generator 20
Admission port is connected with main feed water pipe road 24, and main feed water pipe road 24 is connected to water supply source, supplies water for steam generator 20.
Passive safety injection system includes the passive peace note unit 30 of primary Ioops and passive boric acid injection unit 40.Primary Ioops
Passive peace note unit 30 includes passive peace water injecting tank 31 and flow in pipes 32.Flow in pipes 32 is connected to passive peace note
Between water tank 31 and pressure vessel 10, the high-order setting of passive peace water injecting tank 31, setting position is higher than cold pipe 22, so that non-energy
Peace water filling in dynamic peace water injecting tank 31 can use in gravity injection pressure container 10, realize passive peace note.Preferably, non-energy
The setting position of dynamic peace water injecting tank 31 is at least 10 meters above the peace note point of cold pipe 22.The capacity of passive peace water injecting tank 40 >=
2000m3, have the characteristics that large capacity.
Passive boric acid injection unit 40 is connected between flow in pipes 32 and heat pipe 21.Passive boric acid injection unit 40
Case 41 is injected including emergency boric acid, for filling dense boric acid.The outlet that boric acid of meeting an urgent need injects case 41 connects flow in pipes 32, and top connects
Heat pipe 21 is connect, a passive boric acid is formed and injects pipeline.Specifically, the outlet of emergency boric acid injection case 41 is inputted by boric acid
Pipeline 42 connects flow in pipes 32, and the top of emergency boric acid injection case 41 connects heat pipe 21 by pressure-equalizing passageway 43.It uses
When, emergency boric acid injects the dense boric acid in case 41 and is entered in pressure vessel 10 by boric acid input channel 42 and flow in pipes 32；
The pressure of pressure-equalizing passageway 43 being provided between balance emergency boric acid injection case 41 and pressure vessel 10, is conducive to dense boric acid
Output, and in some cases the water in heat pipe 21 can pass through pressure-equalizing passageway 43 flow into emergency boric acid inject case 41
It is interior, drive dense boric acid to export.
It is respectively equipped with controlled valve on boric acid input channel 42 and pressure-equalizing passageway 43, controls passive boric acid injection pipe
Line it is open or closed.
Further, reactor of the invention further includes at least one main pump 40；The setting of main pump 40 is circulated back in coolant
Lu Zhong is connected between the outlet of steam generator 20 and cold pipe 22, provides power for the circulation of coolant.
Reactor of the invention further includes at least one voltage-stablizer 60, connects heat pipe 21 by Surge line piping 63.Voltage-stablizer 60
Top be connected with level-one pressure-relief valve 61, be connected with second level pressure-relief valve 62 on heat pipe 21, realize reactor after large break occurs
Primary Ioops fast pressure relief, it is ensured that cooling water is smoothly injected reactor core by the passive safety injection system of primary Ioops.In general, in release, first
Start level-one pressure-relief valve 61, when the pressure release speed of level-one pressure-relief valve 61 is unsatisfactory for demand, starts second level pressure-relief valve 62.
Specifically, in some embodiments, reactor includes three steam generators 20.Three steam generators 20 into
Mouth and outlet connect pressure vessel 10 by heat pipe 21 and cold pipe 22 respectively, form three coolant flow cycles.Of the invention
Reactor can only include a voltage-stablizer 60, be connected on one of coolant flow cycle.
In passive safety injection system, the pipeline and valve of passive peace note unit 30 and passive boric acid injection unit 40
All it is arranged using parallel redundancy, is guaranteed in the case where a tubulation line and valve invalidation, other pipelines and valve can ensure that peace note
Be efficiently injected into, guarantee security reliability.
Further, reactor of the invention further includes at least one passive secondary side Residual heat removal unit (PSHR)
70, under non-LOCA accident operating condition, by setting up Natural Circulation with secondary side help that residual heat of nuclear core is discharged.Steam generator
20 water inlet and steam (vapor) outlet is separately connected passive secondary side Residual heat removal unit 70.
In reactor, a steam generator 20 connects a passive secondary side Residual heat removal unit 70.
Passive secondary side Residual heat removal unit 70 may include cooling water tank 71, heat exchanger 72, jet chimney 73 and to
Waterpipe 74.Heat exchanger 72 be arranged in cooling water tank 71 so that by the medium in heat exchanger 72 can in cooling water tank 71
Cooling water carry out heat exchange.Jet chimney 73 is connected between main steam line 23 and heat exchanger 72, and feedwater piping 74 connects
Between main feed water pipe road 24 and heat exchanger 72, so that the steam at 10 top of steam generator passes through main steam line 23, steam
Pipeline 73 enters heat exchanger 72, is condensed into liquid water after carrying out heat exchange with cooling water in heat exchanger 72, passes through feedwater piping
74, main feed water pipe road 24 flows back to steam generator 20.
71 bottom of cooling water tank can also connect water supply line, carry out moisturizing for it.
In addition, passive secondary side Residual heat removal unit 70 further includes water supply tank 75.The bottom of water supply tank 75 passes through connection
Pipe connects feedwater piping 74, is passive 70 moisturizing of secondary side Residual heat removal unit, to meet the needs of steam generator 20.It mends
The top of water tank 75 connects jet chimney 73, the interior air pressure in steam generator 20 of balance water supply tank 75, benefit by connecting tube
In the output of water.
Steam in passive secondary side Residual heat removal unit 70, liquid water circulation do not need pump power be provided, therefore
It can still be operated when power-off.
Reactor based on ATF fuel of the invention, pressure vessel 10, steam generator 20, passive peace infuse unit, master
It pumps 50 and voltage-stablizer 60 etc. to be arranged in containment, passive secondary side Residual heat removal unit 70 is arranged outside containment.
Reactor of the invention is based on ATF fuel, is higher than 1000MW in conjunction with its target heap electrical power, can be named as
ATF1000。
By actual modeling analysis, the present invention can be independent under the operating condition that large break occurs for the cold pipeline of reactor-loop
The function (not needing active peace note) of completing reactor core moisturizing, guarantees that fuel can peak temperature does not transfinite in 12 hours.
The above description is only an embodiment of the present invention, is not intended to limit the scope of the invention, all to utilize this hair
Equivalent structure or equivalent flow shift made by bright specification and accompanying drawing content is applied directly or indirectly in other relevant skills
Art field, is included within the scope of the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. a kind of reactor based on ATF fuel, which is characterized in that use the pressure vessel of ATF fuel assembly including reactor core
(10), at least one steam generator (20) and at least one passive peace infuse cellular system；The steam generator (20)
Inlet and outlet pass through heat pipe (21) He Lengguan (22) the connection pressure vessel (10) respectively, form the circulation of coolant
Circuit；
The passive safety injection system includes passive peace note unit (30) of primary Ioops and passive boric acid injection unit (40)；Institute
Stating passive note unit (30) of pacifying of primary Ioops includes that setting position is higher than the passive peace water injecting tank (31) of the cold pipe (22), connects
Connect the flow in pipes (32) between passive peace water injecting tank (31) and pressure vessel (10)；The passive boric acid injection
Unit (40) is connected between the flow in pipes (32) and heat pipe (21).
2. the reactor according to claim 1 based on ATF fuel, which is characterized in that the ATF fuel assembly is FCM
Fuel assembly；In the FCM fuel assembly, pellet is uranium nitride pellet, and involucrum is silicon carbide involucrum.
3. the reactor according to claim 1 based on ATF fuel, which is characterized in that the passive peace water injecting tank
(31) setting position is at least 10 meters of the top of peace note point of the cold pipe (22).
4. the reactor according to claim 1 based on ATF fuel, which is characterized in that the passive boric acid injection is single
First (40) include emergency boric acid injection case (41)；The outlet of emergency boric acid injection case (41) passes through boric acid input channel (42)
It connects the flow in pipes (32), top connects the heat pipe (21) by pressure-equalizing passageway (43)；The boric acid input pipe
Controlled valve is respectively equipped on road (42) and pressure-equalizing passageway (43).
5. the reactor according to claim 1 based on ATF fuel, which is characterized in that the passive peace water injecting tank
(31) capacity >=2000m3。
6. the reactor according to claim 1 based on ATF fuel, which is characterized in that the reactor further includes at least
One main pump (50)；The main pump (50) is arranged in the coolant flow cycle, is connected to the steam generator (20)
Outlet and cold pipe (22) between.
7. the reactor according to claim 1 based on ATF fuel, which is characterized in that the reactor further includes at least
One voltage-stablizer (60), the voltage-stablizer (60) connect the heat pipe (21)；
It is connected with level-one pressure-relief valve (61) at the top of the voltage-stablizer (60), is connected with second level pressure-relief valve on the heat pipe (21)
(62).
8. the reactor according to claim 1-7 based on ATF fuel, which is characterized in that the reactor is also
Including at least one passive secondary side Residual heat removal unit (70), the main steam line (23) of the steam generator (20) and
Main feed water pipe road (24) is separately connected the passive secondary side Residual heat removal unit (70).
9. the reactor according to claim 8 based on ATF fuel, which is characterized in that the passive secondary side waste heat
Deliverying unit (70) include cooling water tank (71), be arranged heat exchanger (72) in the cooling water tank (71), be connected to it is described
Jet chimney (73) between the main steam line (23) and heat exchanger (72) of steam generator (20) is connected to the steam hair
Feedwater piping (74) between the main feed water pipe road (24) and heat exchanger (72) of raw device (20).
10. the reactor according to claim 9 based on ATF fuel, which is characterized in that the passive secondary side waste heat
Deliverying unit (70) further includes water supply tank (75)；The bottom of the water supply tank (75) connects the feedwater piping (74), and top connects
Connect the jet chimney (73).
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201821437071.8U CN209045171U (en) | 2018-09-03 | 2018-09-03 | Reactor based on ATF fuel |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201821437071.8U CN209045171U (en) | 2018-09-03 | 2018-09-03 | Reactor based on ATF fuel |
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| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN209045171U true CN209045171U (en) | 2019-06-28 |
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ID=67032222
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| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201821437071.8U Active CN209045171U (en) | 2018-09-03 | 2018-09-03 | Reactor based on ATF fuel |
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| CN (1) | CN209045171U (en) |
Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN111128414A (en) * | 2019-12-31 | 2020-05-08 | 中国核动力研究设计院 | Active and passive combined safety system and method for nuclear power plant |
| EP3985685A4 (en) * | 2020-01-07 | 2022-08-24 | China Nuclear Power Technology Research Institute Co., Ltd. | Safety system for handling severe accident of nuclear power plant and control method therefor |
-
2018
- 2018-09-03 CN CN201821437071.8U patent/CN209045171U/en active Active
Cited By (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN111128414A (en) * | 2019-12-31 | 2020-05-08 | 中国核动力研究设计院 | Active and passive combined safety system and method for nuclear power plant |
| CN111128414B (en) * | 2019-12-31 | 2022-07-26 | 中国核动力研究设计院 | Active and passive combined safety system and method for nuclear power plant |
| EP3985685A4 (en) * | 2020-01-07 | 2022-08-24 | China Nuclear Power Technology Research Institute Co., Ltd. | Safety system for handling severe accident of nuclear power plant and control method therefor |
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