CN209001141U - A kind of controllable paster antenna of small beams based on restructural parasitic element - Google Patents
A kind of controllable paster antenna of small beams based on restructural parasitic element Download PDFInfo
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- CN209001141U CN209001141U CN201821903231.3U CN201821903231U CN209001141U CN 209001141 U CN209001141 U CN 209001141U CN 201821903231 U CN201821903231 U CN 201821903231U CN 209001141 U CN209001141 U CN 209001141U
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Abstract
The utility model discloses a kind of controllable paster antenna of the small beams based on restructural parasitic element, each parasitic patch of primary radiation patch and left and right including " E " font.The utility model reduces the electrical length of parasitic patch by using CSRR structure, is conducive to the miniaturization of parasitic patch.By providing the DC offset voltage of different numerical value to the PIN diode loaded in CSRR structure, single parasitic element can be made to be worked respectively in two states of director and reflector；The combination of left and right parasitic element different conditions can be such that aerial radiation beam main lobe direction discretely switches between 0 °, -30 ° and 30 °, realize the lobin performance of antenna, effectively widen the beam scanning range of antenna.The utility model effectively increases the bandwidth of operation of antenna by using the air layer structure between two layers of dielectric-slab of " E " font primary radiation patch and introducing of coaxial feed, compares with high-gain, high front and back, the excellent performance of low section.
Description
Technical field
The utility model relates to the antenna research fields in wireless mobile communications field, in particular to a kind of to be posted based on restructural
The controllable paster antenna of small beams of raw unit.
Background technique
The characteristic that lobing antenna has wave beam restructural in fixed frequency range can expand the covering model of transmission signal
It encloses, improves the scan capability of 5G mimo antenna, be a project for having very much research significance.Therefore in the past few years in, research
Personnel propose a large amount of lobing antenna, and these antenna has used following several method mainly to realize that wave beam is restructural
Characteristic --- new material technology, restructural feeding network, the super surface of restructural electromagnetism, control parasitic antenna and excitation radiation body
Different working modes etc..
Wherein, wave beam control, but institute easily can be carried out by changing the shape of material using new material technology
What is needed is costly, and reconstructed velocity is slower；Wave beam reconfigurable antenna, such as butler matrix are realized using restructural feeding network,
Have the advantages that low-loss, wide band, but needs to motivate more than two radiating elements；It can using the restructural super surface of electromagnetism
To reach the requirement of high-gain, but required space is big, and manufacturing cost is high, and structure is complicated, often to motivate dozens of element；
The volume of antenna can be reduced to control wave beam in the way of control radiation shape, but the bandwidth of operation of this antenna is very
It is narrow, while needing additional feeding network also to motivate different feed ports, realize beam scanning；By reconstructing main radiator
Around parasitic element constitute lobing antenna need element it is very more, document " X.Ding, Y.F.Cheng,
W.Shao,H.Li,B.Z.Wang and D.E.Anagnostou,“A wide-angle scanning planar phased
array with pattern reconfigurable magnetic current element,”IEEE
Trans.Antennas Propag., vol.65, no.3, pp.1434-1439, Mar.2017. " in propose it is a kind of needs more
The steerable beam antenna of few element, but such antenna generally requires higher section or needs using metal shell.
In document " M.Li, S.Q.Xiao, Z.Wang and B.Z.Wang, " Compact surface-wave assisted beam-
steerable antenna based on HIS,”IEEE Trans.Antennas Propag.,vol.62,no.7,
Pp.3511-3519, Jul.2014. " in also refer to a kind of microstrip line by around reconstruct patch and reduce required element
The mode of quantity, but the bandwidth of operation of the antenna is lower, is lower than 4%.
Utility model content
CSRR (complementary split-ring resonator, complementation are utilized the utility model proposes a kind of
Type split ring resonator) control the small patch antennas of wave beam, to solve inclination angle existing for conventional direction figure reconfigurable antenna
Degree and the problems such as scanning range is small, narrow bandwidth, required parasitic element quantity are excessive, structure is complicated, volume is larger.
The purpose of this utility model is realized by the following technical solution: a kind of small-sized wave based on restructural parasitic element
The controllable paster antenna of beam places two parasitic patch of a primary radiation patch and left and right in top dielectric plate upper surface, and lower layer is situated between
Scutum lower surface is attached with one layer of metal floor, and etching two corresponds to the CSRR structure of top parasitic patch on metal floor；
Each parasitic patch constitutes a parasitic element together with the CSRR structure loaded on corresponding metal floor；Primary radiation patch is by coaxial
Cable-fed, the inner core of coaxial cable is connected with primary radiation patch, and outer conductor is connected with metal floor；Top dielectric plate and lower layer
It is spaced apart between dielectric-slab, it is parallel to each other.In the utility model, CSRR structure is used in parasitic element, it is equivalent at LC
Shunt-resonant circuit can reduce the resonance frequency of parasitic patch, can reduce the size of parasitic element, and then reduce antenna
Volume.The capacity effect of air layer between upper and lower level dielectric-slab has also effectively widened the bandwidth of operation of antenna.
Preferably, two parasitic elements are converted between two states of director and reflector to realize multiplexing functions, when two
When a parasitic element is all director, antenna is in the state I radiated to the direction+z；When left side parasitic element is director, the right side
When side is reflector, antenna is in the state II that radiate to the direction-x, on the contrary then be state III.The combination of two working conditions,
Antenna can be made to increase inclination angle and the beam scanning range of main lobe in the case where not increasing director quantity and volume, widened
Imitate working frequency range.It realizes the multiplexing of parasitic element and is applied in combination.Different combinations makes aerial radiation wave between parasitic element
Beam main lobe direction discretely switches between 0 °, -30 ° and 30 °, realizes the lobin performance of antenna, has effectively widened wave beam
Scan coverage area.
Preferably, there is a PIN diode for realizing the switching of parasitic element state in the gap of each CSRR structure,
The cathode of PIN diode is connected with metal floor, and anode is connected with the patch in CSRR structure center, while anode is straight by one
Stream linking probe is connected with the parasitic patch of top dielectric plate upper surface, and the conducting and cut-off of PIN diode are by PIN bis-
The anode of pole pipe provides bias voltage and realizes.
Further, bias voltage V is provided respectively to the anode of two PIN diodes1And V2, corresponding control voltage
PIN diode conducting makes parasitic element work PIN diode cut-off in director state, low level then be anti-when being high level
Emitter state.To make parasitic element convert between two states of director and reflector.
Further, it placed one in the gap of each CSRR structure for realizing DC isolation and keep RF electric
The successional first capacitor device of stream.
Preferably, each parasitic patch passes through an inductance element and connects with a first direct current pad, to prevent RF
Electric current flows to metal floor from parasitic patch, realizes the isolation of RF electric current.
Further, correspond in metal floor and be equipped with the second direct current pad at the first direct current of top pad locations, it should
Second direct current pad is connected by second capacitor with metal floor, and second capacitor is for keeping RF on metal floor
The continuity of electric current.
Preferably, the primary radiation patch uses " E " font primary radiation patch, and patch is removed by a rectangular patch
Two open gaps are constituted.New mode of resonance is introduced on the basis of the single resonance mode of original conventional direction patch,
Increase the bandwidth of operation of antenna.
Preferably, top dielectric plate, layer dielectric plate are fixed with several nylon columns.
Preferably, 5mm is spaced between top dielectric plate, layer dielectric plate.The equivalent capacity effect in air layer interval is very
The bandwidth of operation that antenna is broadened in big degree, compared to the previous bandwidth of operation less than 4%, the utility model antenna has
8.8% bandwidth of operation.
The utility model compared with prior art, is had the following advantages and beneficial effects:
1, the utility model corresponds to load CSRR structure on floor by parasitic patch and constitutes parasitic element.Load CSRR structure
It is equivalent at the shunt-resonant circuit LC can effectively reduce the size of parasitic element, to reduce the volume of antenna.
2, the utility model places PIN diode in the gap CSRR, can be made by simple control circuit parasitic single
Member is worked respectively in two states of director and reverser.
3, in the utility model the combination of parasitic element different conditions make the main lobe of aerial radiation wave beam three directions it
Between discretely switch, realize the lobin performance of antenna, effectively widened the beam scanning range of antenna；The function of parasitic element
Director quantity needed for also making antenna can be multiplexed to reduce；The combination of two working conditions of director and reflector, makes antenna wave
The inclination angle of beam main lobe increases, and effective working frequency range broadens.
4, main patch has selected " E " font patch in the utility model, while 5mm or so being arranged between two dielectric-slabs
Air layer interval, effectively widened bandwidth of operation.
5, excellent performance of the paster antenna with high-gain, low section in the utility model.
6, the continuity and DC isolation of RF electric current in antenna be ensure that in the utility model using less capacitor.
7, the use of inductance element realizes the isolation of RF electric current in the utility model.
8, the utility model paster antenna is required without occupying large space and realizing compared with multicomponent device, reduces structure
Complexity, circuit structure is simple, and frequency band is wider, and size is compact, high gain, and low section is few using element, and front and back is bigger than numerical value,
Main lobe inclination angle is big.
Detailed description of the invention
Fig. 1 is a kind of controllable patch day of small beams based on restructural parasitic element provided by the embodiment of the utility model
The side view of line；
Fig. 2 is the top view of paster antenna provided by the embodiment of the utility model；
Fig. 2 (a) is the layer dielectric plate and metal floor schematic diagram of paster antenna provided by the embodiment of the utility model；
Fig. 3 is reflection coefficient S of the work in three kinds of states of the utility model one embodiment offer11The emulation of frequency
With test result figure: Fig. 3 (a) state I；Fig. 3 (b) state II；Fig. 3 (c) state III；
Fig. 4 is the controllable patch day of the small beams based on restructural parasitic element that the utility model one embodiment provides
Emulation 3D antenna pattern of the line under three kinds of states at 3.4GHz: antenna placement position schematic diagram, Fig. 4 when Fig. 4 (a) is emulated
(b) state I；Fig. 4 (c) state II；Fig. 4 (d) state III；
Fig. 5 is the controllable patch day of the small beams based on restructural parasitic element that the utility model one embodiment provides
Line co-polarization at (a) 3.3GHz, (b) 3.4GHz, (c) 3.5GHz and cross-polarized respectively at state I, II and III
Normalize simulated radiation directional diagram；
Fig. 6 is the controllable patch day of the small beams based on restructural parasitic element that the utility model one embodiment provides
The line co-polarization and cross-pole at (a) 3.3GHz, (b) 3.4GHz, (c) 3.5GHz respectively at state I, II and III respectively
The normalization testing radiation directional diagram of change；
Fig. 7 is the emulation main lobe direction and test main lobe direction of wave beam provided by the embodiment of the utility model；
Fig. 8 is provided by the embodiment of the utility model imitative in maximum gain curve-frequency of state I, II and III respectively
True and test result figure.
Specific embodiment
The following will be combined with the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention, carries out the technical scheme in the embodiment of the utility model
Clearly and completely describe, it is clear that the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the utility model, rather than whole
Embodiment.Based on the embodiments of the present invention, those of ordinary skill in the art are without making creative work
Every other embodiment obtained, fall within the protection scope of the utility model.
For ease of description, hereafter all it will illustrate the utility model by taking the controllable paster antenna of small beams as an example with attached drawing
The structure for the paster antenna that embodiment provides, it should be appreciated that it is controllable that the utility model embodiment is not limited to small beams
Paster antenna, and should include all reconfigurable antennas for having the utility model feature.
It referring to Figure 1, is a kind of lobin patch based on restructural parasitic element provided by the embodiment of the utility model
The side view of chip antenna.The antenna includes top dielectric plate 1, primary radiation patch 2, nylon column 3, layer dielectric plate 4, metal floor
5, coaxial cable 6 and direct current linking probe 7, primary radiation patch 2 are placed on the upper surface of top dielectric plate 1, are 50 Ω with impedance
Coaxial cable 6 inner core be connected, the outer conductor of coaxial cable 6 is connected with the metal floor 5 of antenna, and metal floor 5 is attached to
The lower surface of layer dielectric plate 4, two blocks of dielectric-slabs are supported by four nylon columns 3.
In the embodiment of the controllable paster antenna of small beams based on restructural parasitic element shown in Fig. 1, use
Rogers RO 4350B dielectric-slab forms the top dielectric plate 1 and layer dielectric plate 4 of 1.524mm thickness, in layer dielectric plate 4
Lower surface is attached with the PEC plate of 0.035mm thickness as metal floor 5.Rogers RO 4350B dielectric-slab can use opposite dielectric
Constant εr=3.48, the material that loss tangent value is 0.004 is process.Have between upper and lower level dielectric-slab 1,4 5.0mm away from
From the capacity effect of air layer has effectively widened the bandwidth of operation of antenna.
Below with reference to Each part on Fig. 2,2 (a) two dielectric-slabs of detailed description.
As shown in Fig. 2,2 (a), which is divide into upper part and lower part, and top half includes " E " font primary radiation patch 2, posts
Raw patch 8, inductance element 9 and the first direct current pad 10, lower half portion include CSRR structure 11, PIN diode 12, first capacitor
Device 13, the second capacitor 14 and the second direct current pad 15.The cathode of PIN diode 12 is connected with metal floor 5, anode and CSRR
The patch in 11 center of structure is connected, while anode is connected by a direct current linking probe 7 with parasitic patch 8.To two parasitisms
The anode of unit PIN diode 12 provides bias voltage V respectively1And V2, can control the conducting and cut-off of PIN diode, to make
Single parasitic element is worked respectively in two states of director and reflector, and the combination of parasitic element different conditions makes Antenna Operation
In different conditions, the restructural performance of antenna is realized, has effectively widened the beam scanning range of antenna.The repetition of parasitic element
Using director quantity needed for decreasing antenna, the combination of two working conditions of director and reflector makes antenna main lobe
Inclination angle increase, effective working frequency range broadens.
As shown in Fig. 2,2 (a), in 1 upper surface of top dielectric plate, each parasitic patch 8 by inductance element 9 with
One the first direct current pad 10 connects, to realize the isolation of RF electric current.In the vertical lower of each first direct current pad 10, also
It is that the corresponding position of metal floor 5 is equipped with a second direct current pad 15, which passes through one second electricity
Container 14 is connected with metal floor 5, keeps the RF electric current in floor continuous.
In addition, first capacitor device 13 is placed in the gap of CSRR, to realize DC isolation and keep RF electricity on floor 5
The continuity of stream.
As shown in Fig. 3 (a), (b), (c), be the utility model one embodiment provide work respectively state I, II and
The reflection coefficient S of III11Frequency and gain curve-frequency simulation result diagram.It can be seen that the impedance bandwidth of emulation is in state
I, II and III is respectively 3.16-3.83GHz, 3.16-3.83GHz and 3.16-3.83GHz, and the overlapping impedance bandwidth of emulation is
3.16-3.83GHz (0.67GHz, 19.0%).The impedance bandwidth of test is respectively 3.15-3.79GHz in state I, II and III,
3.18-3.86GHz and 3.18-3.82GHz.The overlapping impedance bandwidth of test is 3.15-3.82GHz (0.67GHz, 19.0%).
As can be seen that in three all states, simulation result S11With test result S11There is good consistency.
As shown in Fig. 4 (a), (b), (c), be the utility model one embodiment provide work respectively state I, II and
Emulation 3D antenna pattern under III at 3.4GHz.It can easily be seen that the radiation beam main lobe direction of the antenna can be three sides
Discretely switch between, realize the lobin performance of antenna, has effectively widened the beam scanning range of antenna.
It as shown in Figure 5 and Figure 6, is the small-sized wave based on restructural parasitic element of the utility model one embodiment offer
The controllable paster antenna of beam at state I, II and III using 0.1GHz as interval, the emulation in the face E- from 3.3GHz to 3.5GHz and
Testing radiation directional diagram.As can be seen that good wave beam may be implemented in the antenna when bandwidth is from 3.3GHz to 3.5GHz
The performance of reconfigurability and high-gain, antenna pattern is directed toward +Z direction in state I, inclines in state I I to-X-direction
Tiltedly, to+X-direction inclination in state I II, in the state of difference, antenna pattern back lobe is about 14dB, and 3dB wave beam is wide
About 70 ° of degree, in the case where institute is stateful, back lobe is 10dB fewer than main lobe.
As shown in fig. 7, being the emulation main lobe direction of wave beam provided by the embodiment of the utility model at state I, II and III
0 °, -25 °, 25 ° respectively, the main lobe direction of test result ° floats from 3 ° to 5 in state I, in state I I from -18 ° to -
34 ° are floated, ° floating from 15 ° to 34 at state I II, and different combinations makes aerial radiation beam main lobe side between parasitic element
To discrete switching, the main lobe direction and simulation result measured is very close, and the difference between simulation result and test result is
Because of manufacture and test error.
As shown in figure 8, being provided by the embodiment of the utility model respectively in the maximum gain curve-of state I, II and III
The simulation result and test result of frequency, simulation result-state I I and III is overlapped in the figure.It is seen that in gain song
Shown in line simulation result maximum gain range be state I under from 6.10 to 7.62dBi, under state I I from 6.84 to
From 6.84 to 7.95dBi under 7.95dBi, state I II.Because state I I and III are " E " font primary radiation patch and a parasitism
Unit collective effect, and state I only has the effect of primary radiation patch, so the maximum gain in state I is lower than in working band
State I I and III maximum gain, but the fairly close simulation value of maximum gain measured, between simulated gain and test gain
Difference be because manufacture and test error.
The utility model embodiment has the advantages that
1, the resonance frequency of parasitic patch can be reduced using CSRR structure, to reduce the size of parasitic element, reduced
The overall dimension of antenna；
2, using CSRR structure, make antenna that there is very precipitous stopband transmission characteristic, PIN bis- is placed in the gap CSRR
Pole pipe can make parasitic element be worked respectively in two states of director and reverser by simple DC control circuit；
3, the offset for loading CSRR structure on floor as parasitic element control directional diagram is corresponded to by parasitic patch, makes antenna
Radiation beam main lobe direction can discretely switch between 0 °, -30 ° and 30 °, realize the lobin performance of antenna, have
Effect has widened the beam scanning range of antenna；Director quantity needed for the reuse of parasitic element also makes antenna is reduced；Draw
Combination to two working conditions of device and reflector may make the inclination angle of antenna beam main lobe to increase, and effective working frequency range becomes
It is wide；
4, possess wider frequency coverage in the lesser situation of antenna structure compact volume, with 8.8% work
Make bandwidth；
5, paster antenna has the excellent performance of high-gain, low section；
6, the continuity of electric current and necessary isolation in antenna be ensure that using less capacitor and inductance element；
7, compared with pervious work, which has broader bandwidth, simple and compact structure, low section, less
Active component, also have quite high gain, biggish main lobe inclination angle and front and back than numerical value, therefore the antenna have better property
Energy.
Embodiment provided by the utility model can be applied in the reception and transmitting equipment of various types of wireless communication systems, work
In the antenna of 3.25-3.55GHz frequency range.Benefiting from PIN switch, parasitic patch and CSRR, the utility model simultaneously also has wave
The controllable performance of beam.
Above-described embodiment is the preferable embodiment of the utility model, but the embodiments of the present invention is not by above-mentioned
The limitation of embodiment, it is made under other any spiritual essence and principles without departing from the utility model to change, modify, replacing
In generation, simplifies combination, should be equivalent substitute mode, is included within the protection scope of the utility model.
Claims (10)
1. a kind of controllable paster antenna of small beams based on restructural parasitic element, which is characterized in that on top dielectric plate
Two parasitic patch of a primary radiation patch and left and right are placed on surface, and layer dielectric plate lower surface is attached with one layer of metal floor,
Two CSRR structures for corresponding to top parasitic patch are etched on metal floor；Each parasitic patch adds on corresponding metal floor
The CSRR structure of load constitutes a parasitic element together；Primary radiation patch is by coaxial cable feed, the inner core of coaxial cable and main spoke
It penetrates patch to be connected, outer conductor is connected with metal floor；It is spaced apart between top dielectric plate and layer dielectric plate, it is mutually flat
Row.
2. the controllable paster antenna of the small beams according to claim 1 based on restructural parasitic element, which is characterized in that
Two parasitic elements are converted between two states of director and reflector to realize multiplexing functions, when two parasitic elements are all drawn
When to device, antenna is in the state I radiated to the direction+z；When left side parasitic element is director, and the right is reflector, antenna
In the state II radiated to the direction-x, it is on the contrary then be state III.
3. the controllable paster antenna of the small beams according to claim 2 based on restructural parasitic element, which is characterized in that
There are a PIN diode for realizing the switching of parasitic element state, the cathode of PIN diode in the gap of each CSRR structure
Be connected with metal floor, anode is connected with the patch in CSRR structure center, while anode by direct current linking probe with it is upper
The parasitic patch of layer dielectric-slab upper surface is connected, and the conducting and cut-off of PIN diode are provided by the anode to PIN diode
Bias voltage is realized.
4. the controllable paster antenna of the small beams according to claim 3 based on restructural parasitic element, which is characterized in that
Bias voltage V is provided respectively to the anode of two PIN diodes1And V2, PIN diode when corresponding control voltage is high level
Conducting makes parasitic element work PIN diode cut-off in director state, low level be then reflective state.
5. the controllable paster antenna of the small beams according to claim 1 based on restructural parasitic element, which is characterized in that
One be placed in the gap of each CSRR structure for realizing DC isolation and keep successional first electricity of RF electric current
Container.
6. the controllable paster antenna of the small beams according to claim 1 based on restructural parasitic element, which is characterized in that
Each parasitic patch passes through an inductance element and connects with a first direct current pad, to prevent RF electric current from parasitic patch stream
To metal floor, the isolation of RF electric current is realized.
7. the controllable paster antenna of the small beams according to claim 6 based on restructural parasitic element, which is characterized in that
Correspond in metal floor and be equipped with the second direct current pad at the first direct current of top pad locations, which passes through one
Second capacitor is connected with metal floor, which is used to keep the continuity of RF electric current on metal floor.
8. the controllable paster antenna of the small beams according to claim 1 based on restructural parasitic element, which is characterized in that
The primary radiation patch uses " E " font primary radiation patch, and patch removes two open seams by a rectangular patch
Gap is constituted.
9. the controllable paster antenna of the small beams according to claim 1 based on restructural parasitic element, which is characterized in that
Top dielectric plate, layer dielectric plate are fixed with several nylon columns.
10. the controllable paster antenna of the small beams according to claim 1 based on restructural parasitic element, feature exist
In being spaced 5mm between top dielectric plate, layer dielectric plate.
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN201821903231.3U CN209001141U (en) | 2018-11-19 | 2018-11-19 | A kind of controllable paster antenna of small beams based on restructural parasitic element |
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Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN111244620A (en) * | 2020-01-15 | 2020-06-05 | 上海交通大学 | Wave beam scanning antenna array based on liquid crystal high-resistance surface |
| CN115332776A (en) * | 2022-08-29 | 2022-11-11 | 武汉新朗光电科技有限公司 | Low-profile compact antenna for through-wall radar and manufacturing method thereof |
-
2018
- 2018-11-19 CN CN201821903231.3U patent/CN209001141U/en active Active
Cited By (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN111244620A (en) * | 2020-01-15 | 2020-06-05 | 上海交通大学 | Wave beam scanning antenna array based on liquid crystal high-resistance surface |
| CN111244620B (en) * | 2020-01-15 | 2021-06-29 | 上海交通大学 | Wave beam scanning antenna array based on liquid crystal high-resistance surface |
| CN115332776A (en) * | 2022-08-29 | 2022-11-11 | 武汉新朗光电科技有限公司 | Low-profile compact antenna for through-wall radar and manufacturing method thereof |
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