CN208999230U - A kind of constant normal stiffness shearing test apparatus of rock structural face - Google Patents
A kind of constant normal stiffness shearing test apparatus of rock structural face Download PDFInfo
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- CN208999230U CN208999230U CN201821758603.8U CN201821758603U CN208999230U CN 208999230 U CN208999230 U CN 208999230U CN 201821758603 U CN201821758603 U CN 201821758603U CN 208999230 U CN208999230 U CN 208999230U
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Abstract
The utility model discloses a kind of constant normal stiffness shearing test apparatus of rock structural face, are related to rock mechanics technology.This tester includes top cross-bar, column, base crossbeam, left horizontal reacting force girder steel, right horizontal reacting force girder steel, pedestal, anchor bolt, gasket, ribbed stiffener, sample, shear box, horizontal rolling row, vertical rolling row, vertical loading system, horizontal loading system and control piper.This method is: 1. sample preparation；2. assembling；3. testing.This tester can be obtained shear stress, normal stress, be cut the changing rule to rise with shear displacemant with shear property of the simulation rock structural plane under constant normal direction rigidity condition.The sample preparation of this test method is simple, it can be achieved that large batch of sample preparation, obtains unitary variant to the affecting laws of rock structural face shear strength.This experimental rig standard is unified, it can be achieved that repeatedly industrial replicate, suitable for shearing test of all kinds of rock structural faces under constant normal direction rigidity condition.
Description
Technical field
The utility model relates to rock mechanics technology more particularly to a kind of constant normal stiffness shearing tests of rock structural face
Instrument.
Background technique
Due to diagenesis, tectonic movement effect, external force (such as weathering, off-load, explosion) effect etc., shape in engineering rock mass
At various types of structural planes.The mechanical properties such as stability features, strength characteristic and the deformation behaviour of rock mass and its inside deposit
Structural plane geometry and mechanical property it is closely related.In Practical Project, it is common as structural plane exist and caused by disaster thing
Therefore such as chamber unstability, Slope Sliding, structural plane type rock burst.In recent years, lot of domestic and foreign scholar is special to structural plane shearing mechanics
Property and destructive characteristics etc. have carried out numerous studies, the results showed that, structural plane roughness to shear strength characteristics, cut swollen feature, knot
The changing rule of structure face surface breakdown mechanism etc. plays decisive role.Therefore, carry out Topography of Rock Structure Faces feature and
The research for shearing mechanical characteristic has certain directive significance to engineering stability design and the prevention and control of disaster.
When determining rock structural face shear strength, the method for generalling use indoor shearing test, in previous test,
The shear strength of rock structural face is determined frequently with constant normal stress shearing test.This method is suitable for analog constant normal direction and answers
The shear property of structural plane under the conditions of power, but it is special accurately to obtain shear strength of the structural plane under constant normal direction rigidity condition
Property, such as rock structural face shear property, underground chamber wall rock structure face shear property under seismic loading.
Summary of the invention
The purpose of this utility model is exactly to overcome conventional rock structural plane shearing test apparatus that can only apply constant normal stress
Defect, design the rock structural face shearing test apparatus and its test method under a kind of constant normal direction rigidity condition, it is accurate to obtain
Shear strength characteristics of the rock structural face under constant normal direction rigidity condition.
Purpose of the utility model is realized as follows:
One, the constant normal stiffness shearing test apparatus of rock structural face (abbreviation tester)
This tester includes top cross-bar, column, base crossbeam, left horizontal reacting force girder steel, right horizontal reacting force girder steel, platform
Seat, anchor bolt, gasket, ribbed stiffener, sample, shear box, horizontal rolling row, vertical rolling row, vertical loading system, horizontal loading system
System and control piper；
The sample be side length 150mm cube, be placed in shear box, by rock sample, structural plane, cement mortar and
Shearing seam composition；Centered on rock sample, rock sample structural plane it is upper and lower, in be respectively arranged with cement mortar and shearing seam；
The shear box is made of upper shear box and lower shear box, and box shaped, bottom surface is square, and square side length is
153mm, box depth 70mm；
The position of each component and connection relationship are:
Top cross-bar, column and base crossbeam are sequentially connected anchoring and form external reaction frame；
In lower portion, from left to right, left horizontal reacting force girder steel, horizontal loading system, shear box, vertical rolling row, right water
Power of redressing girder steel forms inner horizontal action system, and from top to bottom, vertical loading system, shear box, horizontal rolling row, pedestal are successively
The internal vertical action system of connection composition；
Left horizontal reacting force girder steel, right horizontal reacting force girder steel are anchored on left and right pillar respectively, are provided for horizontal loading system
Horizontal reacting force support；
Pedestal is anchored at base crossbeam, provides vertical counter-force support for vertical loading system；
Level rolling is arranged, vertical rolling row is separately positioned on pedestal top, on the left of right horizontal reacting force girder steel, and sample is put in shear box
Interior, shear box is placed on horizontal rolling row, and shear box is made to be close to vertical rolling row, it can be ensured that shearing sample generates horizontal shear
Displacement and vertical cut are risen.
Two, the constant normal stiffness shearing test method of rock structural face (abbreviation method)
This method includes the following steps:
1. sample preparation
The structural plane of rock sample is placed in the center of reserved shearing seam, structural plane and shearing seam keeping parallelism, utilizes cement bonded sand afterwards
Slurry, which pours rock sample, to be fixed in a mold, and after maintaining cement mortar to age strength, sample preparation is completed in demoulding；
2. assembling
On horizontal operation face, successively base crossbeam, column, top cross-bar anchoring are connected using supreme under anchor bolt
It connects, constitutes external reaction frame, and the outside at column and base crossbeam anchoring utilizes rib reinforcement of putting more energy into；
Inside reaction frame, left horizontal reacting force girder steel, right horizontal reacting force girder steel, pedestal are anchored at left side column, the right side respectively
Heel post, base crossbeam；
Horizontal loading system, vertical loading system are separately fixed at left horizontal reacting force girder steel and top cross-bar, horizontal loading
System, vertical loading system load be respectively acting on the left side of lower shear box and the top of upper shear box；
Level rolling row, vertical rolling row are separately positioned on the left of pedestal top and right horizontal reacting force girder steel；
Sample is placed in shear box, is placed in horizontal rolling and is drained into, and vertical rolling row is close on the right side of upper shear box；
3. testing
Preset vertical load target value is arranged to vertical loading system and horizontal loading system；
Vertical loading system is downwardly applied to preset vertical load, and the vertical gap eliminated in assembling makes in the vertical direction
Shear box and sample, horizontal rolling row closely connects, then, horizontal loading system application preset level load, during elimination assembles
Horizontal blanking, in the horizontal direction, so that shear box and sample, vertical rolling row are closely connect；
To vertical loading system setting shearing rigidity and initial normal stress is sheared, displacement control is arranged to horizontal loading system
The shear rate of system, maximum shear displacement；
Starting shearing test, vertical loading system applies the initial normal stress target value of vertical load to shearing sample,
Then horizontal loading system applies horizontal shear load and starts rock structural face shearing test；
In test, upper shear box and lower shear box generate the horizontal changing of the relative positions, and sample generates shear displacemant, meanwhile, sample generates
It cuts and rises, shear box is made to generate vertical displacement；
Vertical loading system and horizontal loading system can be acquired in real time and vertically be cut by the displacement acquisition system of internal setting
Rise and is displaced with horizontal shear；
Vertical loading system is according to the size for vertically cutting the amount of rising, according to the preset value of constant normal stiffness, real-time adjusting method
To stress intensity.
The utility model has following advantages and good effect:
1. top cross-bar, column, base crossbeam are the web structure that fashioned iron is welded into, stiffness and strength are big, and through anchor
Fixing bolt anchoring forms external reaction frame, and reaction frame can provide the counter-force support of enough rigidity to test；
Rise 2. vertical loading system can measure vertically to cut in real time, and the rigidity value according to setting, the normal direction for changing application are answered
Power, normal stress variation of the analog rock structural face under constant normal direction rigidity condition；
3. horizontal loading system provides the shear stress of shearing test, and can measure shear displacemant in real time；
4. level rolling row, vertical rolling row are separately positioned on the lower part of lower shear box and the right side of upper shear box, it is ensured that cut
It cuts horizontal shear displacement in test and vertically cuts the smooth generation risen, the changing rule to rise with shear displacemant is cut in acquisition；
5. sample previously prepared completion in a mold, separates sample preparation with test, guarantees the efficiency of shearing test.
In short, this tester can be cut with shear property of the simulation rock structural plane under constant normal direction rigidity condition
Stress, cuts the changing rule to rise with shear displacemant at normal stress.The sample preparation of this test method is simple, it can be achieved that large batch of sample
Preparation obtains unitary variant to the affecting laws of rock structural face shear strength.This experimental rig standard is unified, it can be achieved that repeatedly
Industry duplication, suitable for shearing test of all kinds of rock structural faces under constant normal direction rigidity condition.
Detailed description of the invention
Fig. 1 is the structural schematic diagram of this tester；
Fig. 2 is the cut-away illustration of shear box and sample.
In figure:
1-top cross-bar；
2-columns；
3-base crossbeams,
4-left horizontal reacting force girder steels；
5-right horizontal reacting force girder steels；
6-pedestals；
7-anchor bolts,
8-gaskets；
9-ribbed stiffeners；
10-samples,
10-1-rock sample, 10-2-structural plane, 10-3-cement mortar, 10-4-shearing seam；
11-shear boxs,
11-1-goes up shear box, the lower shear box of 11-2-；
12-horizontal rolling rows；
13-vertical rolling rows；
14-vertical loading systems；
15-horizontal loading systems；
16-control pipers.
Specific embodiment
It is described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings and examples:
One, tester
1, overall
Such as Fig. 1,2, this tester includes top cross-bar 1, column 2, base crossbeam 3, left horizontal reacting force girder steel 4, right level
Counter-force girder steel 5, pedestal 6, anchor bolt 7, gasket 8, ribbed stiffener 9, sample 10, shear box 11, horizontal rolling row 12, vertical rolling row
13, vertical loading system 14, horizontal loading system 15 and control piper 16；
The sample 10 be side length 150mm cube, be placed in shear box 11, by rock sample 10-1, structural plane 10-2,
Cement mortar 10-3 and shearing seam 10-4 composition；Centered on rock sample 10-1, rock sample 10-1 structural plane 10-2 it is upper and lower, in
It is respectively arranged with cement mortar 10-3 and shearing seam 10-4；
The shear box 11 is made of upper shear box 11-1 and lower shear box 11-2, and box shaped, bottom surface is square, just
The a length of 153mm of Quad Sides, box depth 70mm；
The position of each component and connection relationship are:
Top cross-bar 1, column 2 and base crossbeam 3 are sequentially connected anchoring and form external reaction frame；
In lower portion, from left to right, left horizontal reacting force girder steel 4, horizontal loading system 15, shear box 11, vertical rolling row
13, right horizontal reacting force girder steel 5 forms inner horizontal action system, from top to bottom, vertical loading system 14, shear box 11, level
Rolling row 12, pedestal 6 are sequentially connected the internal vertical action system of composition；
Left horizontal reacting force girder steel 4, right horizontal reacting force girder steel 5 are anchored at respectively on left and right pillar 2, are horizontal loading system 15
Horizontal reacting force support is provided；
Pedestal 6 is anchored at base crossbeam 3, provides vertical counter-force support for vertical loading system 14；
Level rolling row 12, vertical rolling row 13 are separately positioned on 6 top of pedestal, 5 left side of right horizontal reacting force girder steel, and sample 10 is put
In in shear box 11, shear box 11 is placed on horizontal rolling row 12, and shear box 11-1 is made to be close to vertical rolling row 13, it can be ensured that
Shearing sample 10, which generates horizontal shear displacement and vertically cuts, to rise.
2, functional component
01) top cross-bar 1
Top cross-bar 1 is web structure made of one kind is welded as fashioned iron, in the company with column 2, vertical loading system 14
Connect place's setting anchor bolt 7, therewith anchor connection.
02) column 2
Column 2 is web structure made of one kind is welded as fashioned iron, is set in the junction with top cross-bar 1, base crossbeam 3
Anchor bolt 7 is set, therewith anchor connection, the reinforcing of ribbed stiffener 9 is arranged in column 2 and 3 junction of base crossbeam simultaneously.
03) base crossbeam 3
Base crossbeam 3 is web structure made of one kind is welded as fashioned iron, and anchor bolt is being arranged with the junction of column 2
7, anchor connection therewith；
04) left horizontal reacting force girder steel 4
Left horizontal reacting force girder steel 4 is web structure made of one kind is welded as fashioned iron, and left side and lower part pass through anchor bolt 7
It is anchored on column 2 and base crossbeam 3 respectively, there is the horizontal anchor connection therewith of loading system 15 on right side, can be horizontal loading system
System 15 provides counter-force support.
05) right horizontal reacting force girder steel 5
Right horizontal reacting force girder steel 5 is web structure made of one kind is welded as fashioned iron, and right side is anchored at by anchor bolt 7
On column 2, the left side of right horizontal reacting force girder steel 5 is provided with vertical rolling row 13.
06) pedestal 6
Pedestal 6 is anchored on base crossbeam 3 by anchor bolt 7, and upper part is provided with horizontal rolling row 12.
07) anchor bolt 7
Anchor bolt 7 is commercial standard part, for each member anchoring to be become whole.
08) gasket 8
Gasket 8 is steel component, is set to 2 top of column, is used cooperatively with anchor bolt 7, can strengthen column 2 and top
The anchoring effect of crossbeam 1.
09) ribbed stiffener 9
The junction of column 2 Yu base crossbeam 3 is arranged in ribbed stiffener 9, passes through anchor bolt 7 and column 2, base crossbeam 3
Connection.
10) sample 10
Such as Fig. 2, sample 10 is the cube of side length 150mm, is placed in shear box 11, by rock sample 10-1, structural plane 10-2,
Cement mortar 10-3 and shearing seam 10-4 composition；Centered on rock sample 10-1, rock sample 10-1 structural plane 10-2 it is upper and lower, in
It is respectively arranged with cement mortar 10-3 and shearing seam 10-4.
Specific preparation method is: rock sample 10-1 is poured into forming by cement mortar 10-3, pour in cutting there are 10mm thickness
Joint-cutting 10-4 pours the center that the structural plane 10-2 in middle guarantee rock sample 10-1 is placed in shearing seam 10-4, and parallel with it, to water
Cement mortar 10-3 is conserved to age strength, and sample preparation is completed in demoulding.
11) shear box 11
Shear box 11 is made of upper shear box 11-1 and lower shear box 11-2, and upper shear box 11-1 and lower shear box 11-2 are equal
Box shaped for steel component, bottom surface is square, and square side length is 153mm, and box depth 70mm is suitable for the placement of sample 10
It is required that.
12) horizontal rolling row 12
Level rolling row 12 is a kind of universal component, is arranged on pedestal 6, under lower shear box 11-2, it is ensured that shearing
Displacement smoothly generates.
13) vertical rolling row 13
Vertical rolling row 13 is a kind of universal component, and the left side of right horizontal reacting force girder steel 5, the right side of upper shear box 11-1 is arranged in
Side, it is ensured that cut smooth generation of rising.
14) vertical loading system 14
Vertical loading system 14 is a kind of universal component, is anchored in top cross-bar 1, is by control piper 16 and control
System connection, can measure in real time and cut that swell is small, and can apply normal stress under constant normal direction rigidity condition according to the amount of rising is cut.
15) horizontal loading system 15
Horizontal loading system 15 is a kind of universal component, is anchored in top cross-bar 1, is by control piper 16 and control
System connection, it is possible to provide shear stress, and shear displacemant size can be measured in real time；
16) control piper 16
Control piper 16 is made of Oil-source control pipeline and signal control piper, vertical loading system 14 and horizontal loading system
System 15 is connect by control piper 16 with control system, and vertical loading system 14 and horizontal loading system 15 pass through control piper
16 connect with external Oil-source control system and data collection system, it is ensured that test is carried out according to presetting module, and is acquired in real time
Stress and displacement data.
3, the working mechanism of this tester
This tester is anchored by the assembling of multiple functional components, and external reaction frame is by top cross-bar 1, column 2 and bottom
The seat anchoring composition of crossbeam 3, left horizontal reacting force girder steel 4 and the composition inner horizontal counter-force support of right horizontal reacting force girder steel 5, top cross-bar
1, pedestal 6 and base crossbeam 3 form internal vertical counter-force support；Horizontal loading system 15 and vertical loading system 14 can mention respectively
For shear stress and normal stress, and shear displacemant can be measured in real time and cuts the amount of rising.
This tester analog rock structural face is under constant normal direction rigidity condition, in different initial normal stresses, difference
Shear strength when shear rate and the rule that rises is cut, obtains shear strength rule of the rock structural face under constant normal stiffness.
Claims (1)
1. a kind of constant normal stiffness shearing test apparatus of rock structural face, it is characterised in that:
This tester includes top cross-bar (1), column (2), base crossbeam (3), left horizontal reacting force girder steel (4), right horizontal reacting force
Girder steel (5), pedestal (6), anchor bolt (7), gasket (8), ribbed stiffener (9), sample (10), shear box (11), horizontal rolling row
(12), vertical rolling row (13), vertical loading system (14), horizontal loading system (15 and control piper (16)；
The sample (10) is the cube of side length 150mm, is placed in shear box (11), by rock sample (10-1), structural plane
(10-2), cement mortar (10-3) and shearing seam (10-4) composition；Centered on rock sample (10-1), in the knot of rock sample (10-1)
Structure face (10-2) is upper and lower, in be respectively arranged with cement mortar 10-3 and shearing seam (10-4)；
The shear box (11) is made of upper shear box (11-1) and lower shear box (11-2), and box shaped, bottom surface is square,
Square side length is 153mm, box depth 70mm；
The position of each component and connection relationship are:
Top cross-bar (1), column (2) and base crossbeam (3) are sequentially connected anchoring and form external reaction frame；
In lower portion, from left to right, left horizontal reacting force girder steel (4), horizontal loading system (15), shear box (11), vertical rolling
Arrange (13), right horizontal reacting force girder steel (5) forms inner horizontal action system, from top to bottom, vertical loading system (14), shear box
(11), horizontal rolling row (12), pedestal (6) are sequentially connected the internal vertical action system of composition；
Left horizontal reacting force girder steel (4), right horizontal reacting force girder steel (5) are anchored at respectively on left and right pillar (2),
Horizontal reacting force support is provided for horizontal loading system (15)；
Pedestal (6) is anchored at base crossbeam (3), provides vertical counter-force support for vertical loading system (14)；
(12) are arranged in level rolling, vertical rolling row (13) is separately positioned on pedestal (6) top, on the left of right horizontal reacting force girder steel (5), sample
(10) it is put in shear box (11), shear box (11) is placed on horizontal rolling row (12), and it is perpendicular to be close to shear box (11-1)
(13) are arranged to rolling, it can be ensured that shearing sample (10), which generates horizontal shear displacement and vertically cuts, rises.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201821758603.8U CN208999230U (en) | 2018-10-29 | 2018-10-29 | A kind of constant normal stiffness shearing test apparatus of rock structural face |
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201821758603.8U CN208999230U (en) | 2018-10-29 | 2018-10-29 | A kind of constant normal stiffness shearing test apparatus of rock structural face |
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| Publication Number | Publication Date |
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| CN208999230U true CN208999230U (en) | 2019-06-18 |
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| CN201821758603.8U Withdrawn - After Issue CN208999230U (en) | 2018-10-29 | 2018-10-29 | A kind of constant normal stiffness shearing test apparatus of rock structural face |
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Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN109269915A (en) * | 2018-10-29 | 2019-01-25 | 中国科学院武汉岩土力学研究所 | The constant normal stiffness shearing test apparatus of rock structural face and its test method |
-
2018
- 2018-10-29 CN CN201821758603.8U patent/CN208999230U/en not_active Withdrawn - After Issue
Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN109269915A (en) * | 2018-10-29 | 2019-01-25 | 中国科学院武汉岩土力学研究所 | The constant normal stiffness shearing test apparatus of rock structural face and its test method |
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