CN208955116U - A kind of fuel cell membrane tube humidifier new construction - Google Patents

Abstract

The utility model discloses a kind of fuel cell membrane tube humidifier new construction, due to its position by changing wet gas inlet-outlet, reduce the flow resistance of wet gas passage, it is formed by gas in space in membrane tube humidifier shell and middle perforating fiber membrane tube outer surface and forms swirling flow, and it reduces air-flow and the probability for causing membrane tube to be broken directly is impacted to membrane tube, damp and hot exchange efficiency can not only be improved to a certain extent, it realizes efficiently humidification, and enhances the service life of membrane tube humidifier and air blower.The humidifier new construction includes: shell, the wet gas access and outlet of the edge placement including being arranged far from its cross-section center line at shell, matched head end and tail end and both ends；The both ends of middle perforating fiber membrane tube, the middle perforating fiber membrane tube are encapsulated in the head end and tail end by sealing material, guarantee that membrane tube central through hole does not block；And end cap, the end cap are connect with head end and tail end respectively, and are provided with the entrance and exit of dry gas.

Description

A kind of fuel cell membrane tube humidifier new construction

Technical field

The utility model relates to a kind of membrane tube humidifier new constructions, can be effectively reduced windage more particularly, to one kind, ring Answer speed fast, the excellent high power fuel cell membrane tube humidifier new construction of moisturization.

Background technique

Fuel cell is the power generator that a kind of chemical energy in anode and cathode fuel is converted into electric energy, is after water Another generation mode after electricity, thermoelectricity and nuclear power.Since fuel cell is by electrochemical redox reaction realizationization Can be with the conversion of electric energy, it is not necessary to through overheated machine process, not limited by Carnot cycle, therefore its energy conversion efficiency is internal combustion Twice of machine, and reaction process does not generate noxious emission, environmental-friendly, cleanliness without any pollution.Entire fuel-cell device packet The moving component contained is few, thus with traditional water power, the generating set of thermoelectricity compares, not only quiet noiseless pollution, but also Reliable and stable, maintenance cost is low.In addition, the active material of general battery is all stored in inside battery, therefore also limit battery Capacity, it is completely different with this, fuel cell itself be a catalytic conversion component, and do not include active matter Matter, energy is from external fuel feed system.As long as therefore fuel continually enters in principle, fuel cell can be continuous Ground persistently generates electricity, not the limitation of capacity.

According to operating temperature difference, fuel cell can be divided into high-temperature fuel cell and low-temperature fuel cell.According to its electricity The difference of matter is solved, high-temperature fuel cell can be divided into molten carbonate fuel cell (MCFC, operating temperature 650oC) and solid again Oxide fuel cell (SOFC, operating temperature 1000oC)；Low-temperature fuel cell can also be divided into alkaline fuel cell (AFC), Phosphoric acid fuel cell (PAFC), Proton Exchange Membrane Fuel Cells (PEMFC) etc..In these different types of fuel cells, PEMFC is acknowledged as electronic due to having many advantages, such as that operating temperature is low, starting is fast, specific power is high, structure is simple and convenient to operate The preferred energy at automobile, stationary power generation station etc..Proton exchange membrane used in the fuel cell provides well for the migration of proton Channel guarantee the unimpeded of ionic conduction process, at the same time, electronics so that proton is transmitted to cathode side from the anode-side of film It shifts through external circuit, to constitute complete current loop, outwardly powers.Therefore, proton exchange membrane ionic conduction performance Quality directly affects the performance and used life of the fuel cell.

What proton exchange membrane used by PEMFC generallyd use at present is still Nafion membrane, it is a kind of the fluorine-containing of sulfonation High polymer has many advantages, such as that chemical stability and thermal stability are good, conductivity is high, high mechanical strength, can be in strong acid, highly basic, strong It is used under the harsh conditions such as oxidant medium and high temperature.But it is to ensure that its good proton conductivity, must just provide enough Moisture.Under the conditions of over-drying, the not participation of hydrone, the efficiency of proton exchange membrane proton conducting is drastically reduced, electric current The ohm voltage drop in circuit increases, and cell output reduces；But if water content is excessive, and water logging phenomenon, three-phase can occur Reaction interface is reduced, and electrochemical reaction is obstructed, and then makes battery performance sharp-decay.It can be seen that maintaining proton exchange membrane good Good hydrating condition is to guarantee that PEMFC is operated normally and had the key factor of superperformance.

In order to guarantee that proton exchange membrane contains suitable moisture, it is specially additionally arranged humidification link in fuel cell system, increases The quality of wet effect has been largely fixed the working performance of fuel cell or even vehicle complete vehicle.It develops at this stage, application More humidifying method mainly have Bubbling method, liquid water injection method, enthalpy wheel humidification method, wet film humidification method, from humidification method etc..At present The way usually used is, in air into carrying out outer be humidified to it before heap.It is equally to be realized using the diffusion of water to anti- The humidification of gas is answered, but since liquid water humidification mode needs the deionized water using liquid, not only increases the self weight of system, And need constantly to keep the skin wet in operational process, increase operation cost.And gas humidification can use cathode high humidity height Hot exhaust gas is humidified to fuel gas, is conducive to the recycling of the heat and moisture of whole system.So not considering fuel cell Under the premise of volume, gas humidification becomes current optimal humidification mode.

The gas moistener generally used now is membrane humidifier, is that one kind can allow for hydrone to penetrate used by it Membrane material.According to the difference of humidifier structure, film humidifier can be divided into shell-and-tube membrane humidifier and board-like membrane humidifier.Before Person uses hollow fiber film tube, and dry and wet gas is flowed through in membrane tube surfaces externally and internally respectively, and moisture passes through hollow fiber film tube from caliber Outer surface is migrated to inner surface, is humidified to dry reaction gas；The latter is then respectively set in the diaphragm material two sides of plane Dry and wet gas flow, moisture are transmitted to dry air inlet side from moist tail gas side by membrane plane and realize humidification.It is this board-like The flow passage structure design of membrane humidifier not only seriously affects gas transmission property, but also the contact area of gas and film is caused to have Limit, so that humidification efficiency is not high.In order to improve humidification efficiency, it is necessary to increase the area or quantity of membrane material, simultaneously It is increase accordingly bilateral flow field, is multiplied so as to cause the volume of humidifier, vehicle assembly will be unfavorable for.In contrast, it uses The shell-and-tube membrane humidifier of hollow fiber film tube, it is only necessary to which moisturization can arbitrarily be adjusted by adjusting membrane tube quantity, big to adapt to The stack system of most different capacities.And membrane tube diameter is small, will not lead to humidifier volume membrane tube quantity increase Excessively increase.Accordingly, it is considered to the problem limited to the encapsulated space of fuel-cell vehicle, what is generallyd use at present is all that membrane tube increases Wet device.

Fig. 1 gives the structure chart of the traditional membrane tube humidifier generallyd use at present.As shown in the figure, dry gas is from entering Mouth A enters membrane tube humidifier, and from outlet, B enters fuel cell system after membrane tube central through hole humidification；At the same time, from fuel The high hot exhaust gas of high humidity of battery system discharge enters membrane tube humidifier from wet gas access C, through membrane tube outer surface that institute is aqueous Divide and migrate to inner surface, is discharged from wet gas vent D.The wet gas access of traditional membrane tube humidifier be all disposed within its two Cross-section center line position is held, as shown in Figure 2.Wet gas enters membrane tube humidifier from this inlet, can be to its inside Middle perforating fiber membrane tube generate strong impact or so, especially when fuel battery power is higher, and institute's required airflow is very big, in lead to High-frequency vibration can be generated due to moistening the impact of gas on the outside of fiber membrane tube, and then strength is generated to membrane tube and casting glue junction The effect of pullling causes the fracture of middle perforating fiber membrane tube, influences the humidification efficiency and service life of membrane tube humidifier.For such disadvantage End, researchers propose different solutions, wherein most common mode is, set between entrance and middle perforating fiber membrane tube One of baffle is set, as shown in Figure 3.Baffle can be the web plate that solid arc plate is also possible to intermediate aperture, can be to entrance Wet gas is shunted, to reduce the direct impact strength of its centering perforating fiber membrane tube.Although this scheme can certain journey Improve above-mentioned drawback situation on degree, but not only make membrane tube humidifier simultaneously structure is complicated to change, also increases the flowing of wet gas Resistance increases the overall presure drop of membrane tube humidifier, and then increases the load of air blower.

Summary of the invention

In order to improve humidification efficiency and service life, the above problem of the prior art and deficiency, the utility model is overcome to mention A kind of fuel cell membrane tube humidifier new construction out, including shell, middle perforating fiber membrane tube and end cap.Wherein, the shell packet Include the wet gas access and outlet being arranged at film shell, head end and tail end and both ends；The both ends quilt of the middle perforating fiber membrane tube Sealing material is encapsulated in the head and the tail both ends of the shell, guarantees that membrane tube central through hole does not block；End cap respectively with shell head and the tail two End is connected, and is provided with the entrance and exit of dry gas.

Further, cavity G is formed between the shell and membrane tube and its encapsulating material, the wet gas rich in moisture is in sky Corresponding other side exit is flowed to from side inlet in chamber G；Two are formed between the end cap and membrane tube and its encapsulating material A cavity K；Dry gas enters membrane tube interior bone by side cavity K from dry gas inlet, enters back into corresponding another Side cavity K, after by dry gas outlet enter fuel cell system.

Further, membrane tube humidifier head and the tail both ends are arranged in far from its cross-section center line in the wet gas access Marginal position, gas return path is unimpeded when guaranteeing that wet gas enters membrane tube humidifier, and reduces inlet gas to membrane tube Severe impact.

The beneficial effect that the utility model reaches is, by improving the entrance of wet gas, can to extend gas The flow resistance of inlet wet gas is effectively reduced in flow path in membrane tube humidifier, reduces impact of the gas to membrane tube, drop The vibration and pull frequency that low membrane tube is generated by gas impact, and then prevent membrane tube to be broken, and improve on the whole whole The moisturization and service life of a membrane tube humidifier.

Detailed description of the invention

Attached drawing is intended for describing the reference of the illustrative embodiments based on the content of the present invention juche idea, without It should be interpreted that the technical spirit of limitation the content of the present invention.

Fig. 1 tradition membrane tube humidifier structural profile illustration.

Fig. 2 tradition membrane tube humidifier internal cross section cross-sectional view.

Fig. 3 tradition humidifier internal cross section cross-sectional view of membrane tube containing baffle.

Fig. 4 the present embodiment new construction humidifier appearance diagram.

The diagrammatic cross-section of Fig. 5 the present embodiment membrane tube humidifier new construction A-A ' line along Fig. 4.

Meaning marked in the figure: 100 membrane tube humidifiers, 110 shells, 120 head end end caps, 130 tail end end caps, 140 Baffle, 150 sealing materials, perforating fiber membrane tube in 160,170 film shells, 180 head ends, 190 tail ends.

Specific embodiment

In order to make the purpose of the utility model, technical solutions and advantages more clearly understood, below in conjunction with attached drawing and implementation Case is further explained explanation to the utility model.It should be appreciated that specific embodiment described herein is only used to The content of the present invention is illustrated, limitations of the present invention can not be used as.

Wet gas inlet-outlet is arranged on the center line of head and the tail both ends traditional membrane tube humidifier 100, as shown in Fig. 2, Air-flow is directly in contact with perforating fiber membrane tube bundle 160 in inside after entrance, generates to the membrane tube close to entry position strong Shock effect, cause the high-frequency vibration of membrane tube, so cause membrane tube occur fracture failure.It is made to weaken this gas shock At membrane tube be broken effect, can the setting of the outside of the middle perforating fiber membrane tube bundle 160 close to wet gas access position together Baffle 140 hinders as shown in figure 3, being formed to the gas flow of entrance, after shunting it by force from the space of baffle two sides into Enter membrane tube bundle inner space.Said flow shock effect can be effectively relieved in this structure, but can cause simultaneously to gas flow Big resistance increases whole amount of pressure drop, and then increases the load of air blower.

Fig. 4 is the outside drawing for illustrating the membrane tube humidifier 100 according to the utility model one embodiment.Membrane tube humidifier 100 include the film shell 170 and the sequentially connected head end 180 of film shell, head end end cap 120 and tail end 190 and tail of both ends open Hold end cap 130.In this case, the sealed material 150 in the both ends of middle perforating fiber membrane tube 160 respectively with head end 180 and tail end 190 It is packaged as a whole, so that membrane tube humidifier 100 be made to form two gases separated in the film surfaces externally and internally of middle perforating fiber membrane tube 160 Channel.

1. the internally dry gas passage of membrane tube: dry humid gas to be added enters from the dry gas for being located at head end end cap 130 Mouth A enters membrane tube humidifier 100, and the film inner surface across middle perforating fiber membrane tube 160 is formed by middle through-hole, fine with leading in process The wet gas for tieing up the film outer surface of membrane tube 160 carries out damp and hot exchange, and dry gas passes through after being converted into the gas rich in moisture Gas vent B is discharged after humidification set by tail end end cap 120, enters back into fuel cell pile system thereafter.

2. moistening gas passage outside membrane tube: from the wet tail gas that fuel cell pile system is discharged from positioned at shell 110 The wet gas access C of tail end 190 enters membrane tube humidifier 100, and the film outer surface across middle perforating fiber membrane tube 160 is formed by Behind space, it is emitted into atmosphere through wet gas vent D set on head end 180.

Fig. 5 is to illustrate that the section of A-A ' line shows along Fig. 4 according to the membrane tube humidifier 100 of the utility model one embodiment It is intended to.In this embodiment, gas access and outlet setting position is moistened to adjust to membrane tube humidifier 100 separate on head and the tail both ends The position of cross-section center line.In this case, when wet gas enters from membrane tube humidifier entrance, the presence resistance of baffle 140 The direct impact for having stopped air-flow centering perforating fiber membrane tube 160 reduces middle perforating fiber membrane tube 160 and therefore generates high-frequency vibration, into And the caused fracture with sealing material junction.Simultaneously as being not mutually perpendicular to shape between baffle 140 and gas flow State, and gas flow is not blocked completely, the wet gas come in perforating fiber membrane tube from entering after baffle 140 and two sides shunting The pore region of beam 160, as shown in black arrow in Fig. 5.Therefore in membrane tube humidifier inlet, most wet gas Can successfully along the inside swirling flow of 100 outer wall of membrane tube humidifier, to reduce the gas flow resistance of inlet, Alleviate the larger problem of the whole pressure drop of traditional membrane tube humidifier 100.

In conclusion the membrane tube humidifier for fuel cell of the utility model has advantageous effects below.

1. wet gas is transferred to the edge placement on membrane tube humidifier head and the tail both ends far from cross-section center line, avoid Direct impact of mass air flow centering perforating fiber membrane tube and the generation of membrane tube phenomenon of rupture that may cause, extend membrane tube humidification The service life of device.

2. moistening at gas inlet-outlet in membrane tube humidifier, most of wet gas is returned along membrane tube humidifier inside outer wall Eddy flow is dynamic, reduces the whole amount of pressure drop of membrane tube humidifier, and then improve the service life of air blower.

3. the swirling flow of gas at wet gas inlet-outlet extends flowing of the wet gas in membrane tube humidifier Path increases wet gas in the residence time wherein, increases the time of contact of wet gas and middle perforating fiber membrane tube, into And the damp and hot exchange efficiency of humidifier can be improved to a certain extent.

Purpose based on explanation and illustration has been presented for the specific illustrative case study on implementation about the utility model Preceding description.The explanation is not intended to exhaustion or the utility model is limited in exact form disclosed, in above description Under enlightenment, it is clear that there is various deformation and improved possibility.Selecting and explaining exemplary embodiment is to explain that this is practical new The certain principles and practical application of type, thus make those skilled in the art can be realized and using the utility model various realities The property applied case and its various alternative forms and modified.The scope of the utility model should be by appended claims and its equivalents To limit.

Claims (4)

1. a kind of fuel cell membrane tube humidifier new construction, comprising: shell, middle perforating fiber membrane tube and end cap；Wherein, described outer The wet gas access and outlet that shell includes shell, is arranged at matched head end and tail end and both ends；It is described wet Gas inlet-outlet is separately positioned on the edge placement on head end and tail end far from its cross-section center line；The middle perforating fiber membrane tube Both ends the head end and tail end are encapsulated in by sealing material, guarantee that membrane tube central through hole does not block；The end cap respectively with head End is connected with tail end, and is provided with the entrance and exit of dry gas.

2. fuel cell membrane tube humidifier new construction according to claim 1, characterized in that in the wet gas access Baffle is set close to the position of middle perforating fiber membrane tube with exit.

3. fuel cell membrane tube humidifier new construction according to claim 1, characterized in that the housing cross-sectional can be with It is round, oval, rectangular, rectangle, arbitrary polygon structure.

4. fuel cell membrane tube humidifier new construction according to claim 1, characterized in that the shell and it is described in lead to Cavity G is formed between fiber membrane tube and sealing material, the wet gas rich in moisture is flowed to from side inlet in cavity G and corresponded to Other side exit；Cavity K is formed between the end cap and the middle perforating fiber membrane tube and sealing material, dry gas is from end cap The dry gas inlet at place enters membrane tube interior bone by side cavity K, flows through corresponding other side cavity K, through dry gas Body outlet is connect with fuel cell pack.