CN208769539U - A kind of heating utensil - Google Patents
A kind of heating utensil Download PDFInfo
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- CN208769539U CN208769539U CN201721787577.7U CN201721787577U CN208769539U CN 208769539 U CN208769539 U CN 208769539U CN 201721787577 U CN201721787577 U CN 201721787577U CN 208769539 U CN208769539 U CN 208769539U
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Abstract
The utility model relates to household appliance technical fields, disclose a kind of heating utensil.The heating utensil includes: the substrate (1) being heated；The alumina layer (2) being formed on substrate (1) inner surface；And it is formed in the non-sticking lining (4) on the alumina layer (2) upper surface；Wherein, the non-sticking lining (4) is PFA- black ceramic mixed coating.Heating utensil described in the utility model surface hardness with higher, non-sticking lining binding force be higher, corrosion resistance and good, scraping and wiping resistance performance are good.
Description
Technical field
The utility model relates to household appliance technical fields, more particularly to a kind of heating utensil.
Background technique
In the market, electric cooker, inner container of electric pressure cooker surface are all made of with hydrophobic non-sticking lining, and non-sticking lining is equal
It is preferable using fluororesin or the silica hydrophobic coating of collosol and gel, the hydrophobic performance of both coatings, it is possible to provide good
It is non-stick, but also there is big defect: service life is short, and what inner container of electric cooker coating was good in the market can be used 1 year or so,
The only some months of difference such as just will appear blistering, fall off at the failure phenomenons, and the non-sticking lining on surface once fails, and liner is just
It cannot reuse, the basic reason of existing non-sticking lining service life difference is, the binding force between fluor resin coating and substrate is low, table
Surface hardness is small, scraping and wiping resistance performance is poor.
Utility model content
That the purpose of this utility model is to overcome existing non-sticking linings is low with substrate binding force, surface hardness is small, resistance to
The defect of scratch performance difference provides a kind of heating utensil and preparation method thereof.
To achieve the goals above, on the one hand the utility model provides a kind of heating utensil, which includes:
The substrate being heated；
The alumina layer being formed on the base interior surface；And
The non-sticking lining being formed on the alumina layer upper surface；
Wherein, the non-sticking lining is PFA- black ceramic mixed coating.
Preferably, the PFA- black ceramic mixed coating contains PFA, aluminium oxide, bivalent metal oxide and tetravalence gold
Belong to oxide.
It is highly preferred that in the PFA- black ceramic mixed coating, with aluminium oxide, bivalent metal oxide and tetravalence gold
The total weight for belonging to oxide is 100 parts by weight, and the content of PFA is 100-300 parts by weight, and the content of aluminium oxide is 95-97 weight
Part, the content of bivalent metal oxide is 1-2 parts by weight, and the content of tetravalent metal oxide is 2-4 parts by weight.
It is further preferred that the bivalent metal oxide is selected from least one of FeO, CuO, MgO, GaO and BaO.
It is further preferred that the tetravalent metal oxide is selected from TiO2、PbO2、SnO2And MnO2At least one of.
Preferably, the PFA- black ceramic mixed coating with a thickness of 40-80 μm, roughness is 0.5-1 μm.
Preferably, the alumina layer with a thickness of 40-80 μm, roughness is 3-5 μm.
Preferably, the heating utensil further includes the black ceramic between the alumina layer and the non-sticking lining
Layer.
It is highly preferred that the black ceramic layer contains aluminium oxide, bivalent metal oxide and tetravalent metal oxide.
It is further preferred that in the black ceramic layer, with the oxidation of aluminium oxide, bivalent metal oxide and tetravalent metal
The total weight of object is 100 parts by weight, and the content of aluminium oxide is 95-97 parts by weight, and the content of bivalent metal oxide is 1-2 weight
Part, the content of tetravalent metal oxide is 2-4 parts by weight.
It is further preferred that the bivalent metal oxide in FeO, CuO, MgO, GaO and BaO at least one
Kind.
It is further preferred that the tetravalent metal oxide is selected from TiO2、PbO2、SnO2And MnO2At least one of.
Preferably, the black ceramic layer with a thickness of 10-20 μm, roughness is 3-5 μm.
Preferably, the heating utensil is inner container of electric cooker, inner tub of pressure cooker, frying pan, baking tray or cooking machine.
The utility model second aspect provides the method for preparing above-mentioned heating utensil, method includes the following steps:
(1) alumina layer is formed by hot spray process on an inside surface of the base；
(2) optionally, black ceramic layer is formed on the upper surface of alumina layer；
(3) PFA- black ceramic mixed coating is formed on the upper surface of alumina layer or black ceramic layer.
Preferably, in step (1) into (3), the method for forming coating is hot spray process.
It is highly preferred that the hot spray process is plasma spraying.
It is further preferred that it is 120-200 DEG C that the operating condition of the plasma spraying, which includes: initial velocity preheating temperature, spray
Applying distance is 50-150mm, spraying current 400-600A, voltage 50-80V, and powder sending quantity 20-50g/min walks rifle rate
For 600-800mm/min, argon working gas flow is 30-60L/min, and auxiliary gas hydrogen flowing quantity is 4-12L/min.
In heating utensil described in the utility model, the PFA- black ceramic mixed coating as non-sticking lining has
There are high rigidity, good hydrophobicity, high bond strength, and surface has black resistance to soiling；Moreover, alumina layer can improve
One step improves the bond strength of non-sticking lining and substrate, provides good corrosion resistance.Therefore, according to described in the utility model
The inner surface for heating utensil has good hydrophobic scraping and wiping resistance performance non-stick, high, good corrosion resisting property, and not snearing
Layer is higher with substrate bond strength.
Detailed description of the invention
Fig. 1 is the schematic diagram of a layer structure of heating utensil described in the utility model.
Description of symbols
1 substrate, 2 alumina layer
3 black ceramic layer, 4 non-sticking lining
Specific embodiment
Specific embodiment of the present utility model is described in detail below in conjunction with attached drawing.It should be understood that herein
Described specific embodiment is only used for describing and explaining the present invention, and is not intended to limit the utility model.
The endpoint of disclosed range and any value are not limited to the accurate range or value herein, these ranges or
Value should be understood as comprising the value close to these ranges or value.For numberical range, between the endpoint value of each range, respectively
It can be combined with each other between the endpoint value of a range and individual point value, and individually between point value and obtain one or more
New numberical range, these numberical ranges should be considered as specific open herein.
In the present invention, in the absence of explanation to the contrary, the noun of locality used such as " upper and lower " typically refers to join
It examines shown in the drawings upper and lower；" inside and outside " refers to the inside and outside of the profile relative to each component itself.
As shown in Figure 1, heating utensil described in the utility model includes:
The substrate 1 being heated；
The alumina layer 2 being formed on 1 inner surface of substrate；And
The non-sticking lining 4 being formed on 2 upper surface of alumina layer.
In the present invention, the non-sticking lining 4 is PFA- black ceramic mixed coating.The PFA- black ceramic is mixed
The mixed coating material commonly used in the art containing PFA He the metal oxide for being used to form black ceramic can be used by closing coating
It is formed.In a preferred embodiment, the PFA- black ceramic mixed coating contains PFA, aluminium oxide, divalent metal oxidation
Object and tetravalent metal oxide.It is highly preferred that in the PFA- black ceramic mixed coating, with aluminium oxide, divalent metal oxygen
Compound and the total weight of tetravalent metal oxide are 100 parts by weight, and the content of PFA is 100-300 parts by weight, the content of aluminium oxide
For 95-97 parts by weight, the content of bivalent metal oxide is 1-2 parts by weight, and the content of tetravalent metal oxide is 2-4 weight
Part.The bivalent metal oxide is preferably at least one of FeO, CuO, MgO, GaO and BaO.The tetravalent metal oxidation
Object is preferably TiO2、PbO2、SnO2And MnO2At least one of.
In the present invention, the thickness of the PFA- black ceramic mixed coating can be 40-80 μm, specifically, example
It can be such as any two in 40 μm, 45 μm, 50 μm, 55 μm, 60 μm, 65 μm, 70 μm, 75 μm, 80 μm and these point values
The arbitrary value in range constituted.
In the present invention, the roughness of the PFA- black ceramic mixed coating can be 0.5-1 μm, specifically,
Such as the model that can be made of any two in 0.5 μm, 0.6 μm, 0.7 μm, 0.8 μm, 0.9 μm, 1 μm and these point values
Arbitrary value in enclosing.Herein, the roughness of coating can be detected using roughness measuring instrument.
In the present invention, non-sticking lining can be improved between non-sticking lining 4 and substrate 1 in the alumina layer 2
Bond strength between 4 and substrate 1.The thickness of the alumina layer 2 can be 40-80 μm, specifically, such as can be 40 μ
M, the range that any two in 45 μm, 50 μm, 55 μm, 60 μm, 65 μm, 70 μm, 75 μm, 80 μm and these point values are constituted
In arbitrary value.The roughness of the alumina layer 2 can be 3-5 μm, specifically, for example, can for 3 μm, 3.2 μm, 3.4 μm,
The model that any two in 3.6 μm, 3.8 μm, 4 μm, 4.2 μm, 4.4 μm, 4.6 μm, 4.8 μm, 5 μm and these point values are constituted
Arbitrary value in enclosing.
In the present invention, under preferable case, the heating utensil further include positioned at the alumina layer 2 and it is described not
Black ceramic layer 3 between adhesive coating layer 4.The color of the black ceramic layer 3 is grey black, in PFA- black ceramic mixed coating
Lower bottoming can make the surface color of PFA- black ceramic mixed coating more uniform, improve resistance to soiling, and can be further
Improve the bond strength of PFA- black ceramic mixed coating and substrate.The black ceramic layer 3 can be by the use of this field routine
It is formed in the coating material for forming black ceramic.Under preferable case, the black ceramic layer 3 contains aluminium oxide, divalent metal oxygen
Compound and tetravalent metal oxide.It is highly preferred that in the black ceramic layer 3, with aluminium oxide, bivalent metal oxide and four
The total weight of valent metal oxide is 100 parts by weight, and the content of aluminium oxide is 95-97 parts by weight, and bivalent metal oxide contains
Amount is 1-2 parts by weight, and the content of tetravalent metal oxide is 2-4 parts by weight.The bivalent metal oxide be preferably FeO,
At least one of CuO, MgO, GaO and BaO.The tetravalent metal oxide is preferably TiO2、PbO2、SnO2And MnO2In
It is at least one.
In the present invention, the thickness of the black ceramic layer 3 can be 10-20 μm, specifically, such as can be 10
μm, 11 μm, 12 μm, 13 μm, 14 μm, 15 μm, 16 μm, 17 μm, 18 μm, 19 μm, any two in 20 μm and these point values
The arbitrary value in range constituted.
In the present invention, the roughness of the black ceramic layer 3 can be 3-5 μm, specifically, such as can be 3 μ
M, any in 3.2 μm, 3.4 μm, 3.6 μm, 3.8 μm, 4 μm, 4.2 μm, 4.4 μm, 4.6 μm, 4.8 μm, 5 μm and these point values
Arbitrary value in two ranges constituted.
In the present invention, the material of the substrate can for the metal materials such as stainless steel, aluminium, aluminium alloy, titanium alloy,
Ceramics, glass or multilayer (including bilayer and three layers or more) metallic composite.Wherein, multi-layer metal composite material can be
Stainless steel/aluminium, stainless steel/copper, stainless steel/aluminium/copper etc..The thickness of the substrate can be 0.5-6mm.
In the present invention, the heating utensil can be inner container of electric cooker, inner tub of pressure cooker, frying pan, baking tray or cook
It prepares food machine.
It is described in the utility model heating utensil preparation method the following steps are included:
(1) alumina layer 2 is formed on the inner surface of substrate 1 by hot spray process；
(2) optionally, black ceramic layer 3 is formed on the upper surface of alumina layer 2；
(3) PFA- black ceramic mixed coating is formed on the upper surface of alumina layer 2 or black ceramic layer 3.
In step (1), the alumina layer 2 can be formed by the hot spray process of this field routine.
In the preparation method of heating utensil described in the utility model, the process of the formation black ceramic layer 3 of step (2)
For can selection operation, can also form black ceramic layer 3, black ceramic layer 3 can not also be formed.Under preferable case, reality is needed
Step (2) are applied, to further increase the resistance to soiling of non-sticking lining, and the bond strength with substrate.
In the present invention, the black ceramic layer 2 can be formed by hot spray process.Preferably, the thermal spraying
Method is plasma spraying.The operating condition of the plasma spraying may include: that temperature is 120-200 DEG C, spray distance 50-
150mm, spraying current 400-600A, voltage 50-80V, powder sending quantity 20-50g/min, walking rifle rate is 600-800mm/
Min, argon working gas flow are 30-60L/min, and auxiliary gas hydrogen flowing quantity is 4-12L/min.
In the present invention, the black ceramic layer 2 can be formed by ceramic coating composition.The ceramic coating group
Aluminium oxide, bivalent metal oxide and tetravalent metal oxide can be contained by closing object.In the ceramic composition, aluminium oxide is
Hexagonal structure, wherein aluminium is trivalent ion, and when it is with 4 valence metals and divalent metal composite, aluminium oxide can generate stoichiometric ratio
Mismatch, to generate Lacking oxygen, the generation of Lacking oxygen so that aluminium oxide becomes black powder from original white powder, this be by
In radiation of visible light on powder surface, Lacking oxygen absorbs, the original most of visible light of diffraction, and the light reflected is less, thus
So that powder shows black.On the one hand this black ceramic layer can merge well with the alumina layer of lower part, another party
Face can be the PFA- black ceramic mixed coating bottoming on top, so that the surface color of PFA- black ceramic mixed coating is more equal
It is even.
In the preferred case, in the ceramic coating composition, with aluminium oxide, bivalent metal oxide and tetravalent metal
The total weight of oxide is 100 parts by weight, and the content of aluminium oxide is 95-97 parts by weight, and the content of bivalent metal oxide is 1-2
Parts by weight, the content of tetravalent metal oxide are 2-4 parts by weight.The bivalent metal oxide be preferably FeO, CuO, MgO,
At least one of GaO and BaO.The tetravalent metal oxide is preferably TiO2、PbO2、SnO2And MnO2At least one of.
In step (3), when the process of the formation black ceramic layer 3 of step (2) is implemented, the PFA- black ceramic is mixed
Coating is closed to be formed on the upper surface of black ceramic layer 3；When the process of the formation black ceramic layer 3 of step (2) is not implemented, institute
PFA- black ceramic mixed coating is stated to be formed on the upper surface of alumina layer 2.
In step (3), the PFA- black ceramic mixed coating can pass through hot spray process.Preferably, the thermal jet
Coating is plasma spraying.The operating condition of the plasma spraying may include: that temperature is 120-200 DEG C, and spray distance is
50-150mm, spraying current 400-600A, voltage 50-80V, powder sending quantity 20-50g/min, walking rifle rate is 600-
800mm/min, argon working gas flow are 30-60L/min, and auxiliary gas hydrogen flowing quantity is 4-12L/min.
In the present invention, the PFA- black ceramic mixed coating can be by the coating containing PFA and ceramic material
Composition is formed.Preferably, the PFA- black ceramic mixed coating is by containing PFA, aluminium oxide, bivalent metal oxide and four
The coating composition of valent metal oxide is formed.In the coating composition, aluminium oxide is hexagonal structure, wherein aluminium be trivalent from
Son, when it is with 4 valence metals and divalent metal composite, aluminium oxide can generate stoichiometric ratio mismatch, so that Lacking oxygen is generated, oxygen
The generation in vacancy is so that aluminium oxide becomes black powder from original white powder, this is because radiation of visible light is in powder table
Face, Lacking oxygen absorbs, the original most of visible light of diffraction, and the light reflected is less, so that powder shows black.This
Kind of PFA- black ceramic mixed coating is grey black, has a high rigidity, good hydrophobicity, and with alumina layer and oxygen-containing
The black ceramic layer for changing aluminium has very strong binding force.
In the preferred case, in the painting containing PFA, aluminium oxide, bivalent metal oxide and tetravalent metal oxide
In layer composition, with the total weight of aluminium oxide, bivalent metal oxide and tetravalent metal oxide for 100 parts by weight, PFA's contains
Amount is 100-300 parts by weight, and the content of aluminium oxide is 95-97 parts by weight, and the content of bivalent metal oxide is 1-2 parts by weight,
The content of tetravalent metal oxide is 2-4 parts by weight.The bivalent metal oxide is preferably FeO, CuO, MgO, GaO and BaO
At least one of.The tetravalent metal oxide is preferably TiO2、PbO2、SnO2And MnO2At least one of.
In the present invention, it is described heating utensil preparation method can also include: before forming alumina layer 2,
The substrate 1 is pre-processed.The pretreated method can be the processing method of this field routine.In a kind of embodiment party
In formula, the preprocessing process may include blasting treatment and ungrease treatment.Do not have for the method for blasting treatment and ungrease treatment
There is special restriction, can be respectively various methods commonly used in the art.For example, the method for blasting treatment includes: using 60-
The sand grains (such as glass sand, brown steel sand, black brown jade, white fused alumina, diamond dust) of 150 mesh, control Jet Stream pressure is 0.2-
0.9MPa, obtained roughness are about Ra 2-8 μm.It, need to be by the remaining fine-powder of base interior surface after blasting treatment
Particle etc. removes, and for the method for removing, there is no particular limitation, can be blown clean with high pressure draught or be removed by washing
It goes, this is well known to the skilled person, and details are not described herein.For example, the method for ungrease treatment can successively include alkali
It washes, pickling, washing and high temperature drying (such as 200-450 DEG C drying 10-15min).
In the present invention, the preparation method of the heating utensil can also include carrying out to by pretreated substrate
The pre-heat treatment, so that substrate surface is preheated to 90-200 DEG C.
The utility model will be described in detail by embodiment below.
In following preparation example and embodiment, unless otherwise instructed, each material used is commercially available.
PFA powder is purchased from Dajin Fluorine Coating (Shanghai) Co., Ltd., and average grain diameter is 15 μm.
Al2O3Powder is purchased from Beijing Sang Yao Science and Technology Development Co., Ltd., and average grain diameter is 25 μm.
FeO powder is purchased from Beijing Sang Yao Science and Technology Development Co., Ltd., and average grain diameter is 20 μm.
CuO powder is purchased from Beijing Sang Yao Science and Technology Development Co., Ltd., and average grain diameter is 22 μm.
GaO powder is purchased from Beijing Sang Yao Science and Technology Development Co., Ltd., and average grain diameter is 18 μm.
PbO2Powder is purchased from Beijing Sang Yao Science and Technology Development Co., Ltd., and average grain diameter is 20 μm.
SnO2Powder is purchased from Beijing Sang Yao Science and Technology Development Co., Ltd., and average grain diameter is 24 μm.
MnO2Powder is purchased from Beijing Sang Yao Science and Technology Development Co., Ltd., and average grain diameter is 25 μm.
Embodiment 1
(1) aluminum pot matrix is pre-processed, wherein pretreated method includes: a) oil removing 8 minutes at a temperature of 55 DEG C；
B) it is cleaned with deionized water；C) 100 DEG C of drying 5min；D) the brown steel sand for using 60-80 mesh, in the Jet Stream pressure of 0.6MPa
Under to aluminum pot matrix surface carry out blasting treatment make 3 μm of its surface roughness Ra, it is then with air-flow that pot body matrix surface is residual
The powder particle stayed is blown clean；E) with the NaOH solution of 40 weight % at 80 DEG C alkali cleaning 1 minute；F) with the nitric acid of 20 weight %
In solution and 3 minutes；G) it after being cleaned with deionized water, is dried 12 minutes at 300 DEG C；
(2) matrix surface that step (1) obtains is preheated to 120 DEG C；
(3) by Al2O3Powder carry out plasma spraying processing, with matrix surface formed alumina layer (with a thickness of 60 μm,
Roughness is 4 μm), wherein it is 160 DEG C that the condition of plasma spraying processing, which includes: initial preheating temperature, and spray distance is
100mm, spraying current 575A, voltage 65V, powder sending quantity 35g/min, walking rifle rate is 700mm/min, working gas argon
Throughput is 35L/min, and auxiliary gas hydrogen flowing quantity is 10L/min.
(4) by the Al of 96 parts by weight2O3The PbO of powder, the FeO powder of 2 parts by weight and 2 parts by weight2Powder mixing, 110
DEG C drying 1h, obtain mixture of powders, by the mixture of powders carry out plasma spraying processing, it is black to be formed in matrix surface
Color ceramic layer (with a thickness of 15 μm, roughness is 4 μm), wherein the condition of plasma spraying processing includes: that initial preheating temperature is
160 DEG C, spray distance 100mm, spraying current 575A, voltage 70V, powder sending quantity 35g/min, walking rifle rate is
700mm/min, argon working gas flow are 35L/min, and auxiliary gas hydrogen flowing quantity is 10/min.
(5) by the PFA powder of 300 parts by weight, the Al of 96 parts by weight2O3Powder, the FeO powder of 2 parts by weight and 2 parts by weight
PbO2Powder mixing, and plasma spraying processing is carried out with obtained mixed powder, with the shape on the upper surface of tie coat
At PFA- black ceramic mixed coating (with a thickness of 60 μm, roughness is 0.8 μm), wherein the condition packet of plasma spraying processing
Include: initial preheating temperature is 160 DEG C, spray distance 100mm, spraying current 500A, voltage 70V, powder sending quantity 50g/
Min, walking rifle rate is 700mm/min, and argon working gas flow is 50L/min, and auxiliary gas hydrogen flowing quantity is 6L/min.
Embodiment 2
(1) stainless-steel pan matrix is pre-processed, wherein pretreated method includes: a) oil removing 8 at a temperature of 55 DEG C
Minute；B) it is cleaned with deionized water；C) 100 DEG C of drying 5min；D) the brown steel sand for using 60-80 mesh, in the jet gas of 0.8MPa
Carrying out blasting treatment to stainless-steel pan matrix surface under flowing pressure makes 3 μm of its surface roughness Ra, then with air-flow by pot body
The remaining powder particle of matrix surface is blown clean；E) with the NaOH solution of 40 weight % at 80 DEG C alkali cleaning 1 minute；F) with 20 weights
Measure % nitric acid solution in and 3 minutes；G) it after being cleaned with deionized water, is dried 11 minutes at 375 DEG C；
(2) matrix surface that step (1) obtains is preheated to 100 DEG C；
(3) by Al2O3Powder carry out plasma spraying processing, with matrix surface formed alumina layer (with a thickness of 40 μm,
Roughness is 3 μm), wherein it is 120 DEG C that the condition of plasma spraying processing, which includes: initial preheating temperature, and spray distance is
50mm, spraying current 550A, voltage 50V, powder sending quantity 50g/min, walking rifle rate is 800mm/min, working gas argon
Throughput is 30L/min, and auxiliary gas hydrogen flowing quantity is 8L/min.
(4) by the Al of 95 parts by weight2O3The SnO of powder, the CuO powder of 1 parts by weight and 4 parts by weight2Powder mixing, 110
DEG C drying 1h, obtain mixture of powders, by the mixture of powders carry out plasma spraying processing, it is black to be formed in matrix surface
Color ceramic layer (with a thickness of 10 μm, roughness is 3 μm), wherein the condition of plasma spraying processing includes: that initial preheating temperature is
120 DEG C, spray distance 50mm, spraying current 550A, voltage 50V, powder sending quantity 20g/min, walking rifle rate is
600mm/min, argon working gas flow are 30L/min, and auxiliary gas hydrogen flowing quantity is 8L/min.
(5) by the PFA powder of 300 parts by weight, the Al of 95 parts by weight2O3Powder, the CuO powder of 1 parts by weight and 4 parts by weight
SnO2Powder mixing, and plasma spraying processing is carried out with obtained mixed powder, with the shape on the upper surface of tie coat
At PFA- black ceramic mixed coating (with a thickness of 40 μm, roughness is 0.5 μm), wherein the condition packet of plasma spraying processing
Include: initial preheating temperature is 120 DEG C, spray distance 50mm, spraying current 400A, voltage 50V, powder sending quantity 20g/
Min, walking rifle rate is 600mm/min, and argon working gas flow is 40L/min, and auxiliary gas hydrogen flowing quantity is 4L/min.
Embodiment 3
The present embodiment is used for the method for illustrating to prepare non-sticking lining using plasma spraying method.
(1) stainless-steel pan matrix is pre-processed, wherein pretreated method includes: a) oil removing 8 at a temperature of 55 DEG C
Minute；B) it is cleaned with deionized water；C) 100 DEG C of drying 5min；D) the brown steel sand for using 60-80 mesh, in the jet gas of 0.8MPa
Carrying out blasting treatment to stainless-steel pan matrix surface under flowing pressure makes 4 μm of its surface roughness Ra, then with air-flow by pot body
The remaining powder particle of matrix surface is blown clean；E) with the NaOH solution of 40 weight % at 80 DEG C alkali cleaning 1 minute；F) with 20 weights
Measure % nitric acid solution in and 3 minutes；G) it after being cleaned with deionized water, is dried 10 minutes at 450 DEG C；
(2) matrix surface that step (1) obtains is preheated to 150 DEG C；
(3) by Al2O3Powder carry out plasma spraying processing, with matrix surface formed alumina layer (with a thickness of 80 μm,
Roughness is 5 μm), wherein it is 200 DEG C that the condition of plasma spraying processing, which includes: initial preheating temperature, and spray distance is
150mm, spraying current 600A, voltage 80V, powder sending quantity 50g/min, walking rifle rate is 800mm/min, working gas argon
Throughput is 40L/min, and auxiliary gas hydrogen flowing quantity is 12L/min.
(4) by the Al of 97 parts by weight2O3The MnO of powder, the GaO powder of 2 parts by weight and 1 parts by weight2Powder mixing, 110
DEG C drying 1h, obtain mixture of powders, by the mixture of powders carry out plasma spraying processing, it is black to be formed in matrix surface
Color ceramic layer (with a thickness of 20 μm, roughness is 5 μm), wherein the condition of plasma spraying processing includes: that initial preheating temperature is
200 DEG C, spray distance 150mm, spraying current 600A, voltage 80V, powder sending quantity 50g/min, walking rifle rate is
800mm/min, argon working gas flow are 40L/min, and auxiliary gas hydrogen flowing quantity is 12L/min.
(5) by the PFA powder of 300 parts by weight, the Al of 97 parts by weight2O3Powder, the GaO powder of 2 parts by weight and 1 parts by weight
MnO2Powder mixing, and plasma spraying processing is carried out with obtained mixed powder, with the shape on the upper surface of tie coat
At PFA- black ceramic mixed coating (with a thickness of 80 μm, roughness is 1 μm), wherein the condition of plasma spraying processing includes:
Initial preheating temperature is 200 DEG C, spray distance 150mm, spraying current 550A, voltage 80V, powder sending quantity 50g/min,
Walking rifle rate is 800mm/min, and argon working gas flow is 60L/min, and auxiliary gas hydrogen flowing quantity is 8L/min.
Embodiment 4
Cookware is prepared according to the method for embodiment 1, the difference is that not formation black ceramic described in implementation steps (4)
The process of layer, and directly form the mixing of PFA- black ceramic on the upper surface of the alumina layer of the matrix of step (3) preparation and apply
Layer.
Comparative example 1
Cookware is prepared according to the method for embodiment 1, the difference is that not using metal during preparing non-sticking lining
Oxide powder, and directly non-sticking lining is formed using PFA powder.
Comparative example 2
Cookware is prepared according to the method for embodiment 1, the difference is that not formation alumina layer described in implementation steps (3)
Process, and it is mixed directly to sequentially form black ceramic layer and PFA- black ceramic on the inner surface of the matrix of step (2) preparation
Close coating.
Test case
The relevant parameter and performance of the cookware of each embodiment and comparative example preparation are measured according to following methods.
1, coating surface hardness: (real purchased from Guangzhou Sheng Hua according to GB/T 6739-1996 film determination of pencil hardness method
Industry Co., Ltd, model BEVS 1301) measurement cookware surface covering pencil hardness.It the results are shown in Table 1.
2, non-sticking lining binding force coating binding force: is measured according to G9 8642-88.It the results are shown in Table 1.
3, the scratch resistance of coating: the washing water for being 5 weight % with dish washing liquid compound concentration, 3M (7447C) scouring pad are born
Weight 2.5kgf, the one way that swings are 1 time, every 250 replacements scouring pad, check whether coating falls off either after scraping every time
No exposing substrate (to expose >=10 lines as termination test), and record abrasion resistance.It the results are shown in Table 1.
4, acid and alkali resistance, salt:
It is acidproof: the acetum that concentration is 5 weight % is added into interior pot at interior pot inner wall maximum scale water level,
Interior pot is put into energization closing lid laser heating in corresponding stew and boils (holding fluidized state) 10 minutes, then 100 DEG C of heat-insulation soakings
24 hours, interior pot is cleaned up after the test, visually inspects coating surface changing condition, the results are shown in Table 2.
It is alkaline-resisting: the sodium hydroxide solution that concentration is 0.5 weight % is added into interior pot until interior pot inner wall maximum scale
At water level, interior pot is put into energization closing lid laser heating in corresponding stew and boils and (keeps fluidized state) 10 minutes, is then protected for 100 DEG C
Temperature is impregnated 24 hours, after the test cleans up interior pot, is visually inspected coating surface changing condition, be the results are shown in Table 2.
Salt tolerant: the sodium chloride solution that concentration is 5 weight % is added into interior pot until interior pot inner wall maximum scale water level
Place, interior pot be put into energization closing lid laser heating in corresponding stew boil 8 hours (every 2 hours amount of makeup water 1 time, liquid level is kept
Position in on-test), it is a cycle that 80 DEG C, which keep the temperature 16 hours, visual inspection coating surface variation after each cycle test
There is the periodicity of the bad phenomenons such as blistering, salient point, the results are shown in Table 2 in situation, record coating.
5, non-adhesion behavior
The non-adhesion behavior of the cookware prepared in above-described embodiment and comparative example is detected according to the method for GB/T2421-1998,
Specific test process is as follows: gently wiping inner surface of pot body with the soft cloth for speckling with vegetable oil, uses clear water after being cleaned with warm water plus detergent
It cleans and wipes dry, then sample is heated, measured with land surface pyrometer, inner surface of pot body temperature is at 150 DEG C, by a Fresh Egg
It is put into pot after broken shell, vegetable edible oil or other fat oils is not added, solidified substantially to albumen, with the not damaged taking-up of nonmetallic shovel
Then egg wipes inner surface of pot body with soft cloth, and is carried out continuously three times.If inner surface of pot body can wiped clean, for
Qualification shows non-stick preferable；If inner surface of pot body is unable to wiped clean, unqualified, shows non-stick poor or do not have
It is non-stick.It the results are shown in Table 2.
Table 1
Table 2
| It is acidproof | It is alkaline-resisting | Salt tolerant | Non-adhesion behavior | |
| Embodiment 1 | Phenomena such as no albefaction, blistering | Phenomena such as no albefaction, blistering | 20 periods | It is qualified |
| Embodiment 2 | Phenomena such as no albefaction, blistering | Phenomena such as no albefaction, blistering | 20 periods | It is qualified |
| Embodiment 3 | Phenomena such as no albefaction, blistering | Phenomena such as no albefaction, blistering | 20 periods | It is qualified |
| Embodiment 4 | Phenomena such as no albefaction, blistering | Phenomena such as no albefaction, blistering | 18 periods | It is qualified |
| Comparative example 1 | Phenomena such as no albefaction, blistering | Phenomena such as no albefaction, blistering | 8 periods | It is qualified |
| Comparative example 2 | There is phenomena such as albefaction, blistering | There is phenomena such as albefaction, blistering | 10 periods | It is qualified |
It can be seen from the data of upper table 1 and 2 heating utensil described in the utility model surface hardness with higher,
Non-sticking lining binding force is higher, corrosion resistance and good, scraping and wiping resistance performance are good.
Preferred embodiments of the present invention are described in detail above, still, the utility model is not limited to this.At this
In the range of the technology design of utility model, a variety of simple variants can be carried out to the technical solution of the utility model, including each
Technical characteristic is combined with any other suitable method, these simple variants and combination equally should be considered as the utility model
Disclosure of that belongs to the protection scope of the utility model.
Claims (12)
1. a kind of heating utensil, which is characterized in that the heating utensil includes:
The substrate (1) being heated；
The alumina layer (2) being formed on substrate (1) inner surface；And
The non-sticking lining (4) being formed on the alumina layer (2) upper surface；
Wherein, the non-sticking lining (4) is PFA- black ceramic mixed coating.
2. heating utensil according to claim 1, which is characterized in that the PFA- black ceramic mixed coating contain PFA,
Aluminium oxide, bivalent metal oxide and tetravalent metal oxide.
3. heating utensil according to claim 1, which is characterized in that the PFA- black ceramic mixed coating with a thickness of
40-80μm。
4. heating utensil according to claim 1, which is characterized in that the roughness of the PFA- black ceramic mixed coating
It is 0.5-1 μm.
5. heating utensil according to claim 1, which is characterized in that the alumina layer (2) with a thickness of 40-80 μm.
6. heating utensil according to claim 1, which is characterized in that the roughness of the alumina layer (2) is 3-5 μm.
7. heating utensil described in any one of -6 according to claim 1, which is characterized in that the heating utensil further includes position
Black ceramic layer (3) between the alumina layer (2) and the non-sticking lining (4).
8. heating utensil according to claim 7, which is characterized in that the black ceramic layer (3) contains aluminium oxide, two
Valent metal oxide and tetravalent metal oxide.
9. heating utensil according to claim 7, which is characterized in that the black ceramic layer (3) with a thickness of 10-20 μ
M, roughness are 3-5 μm.
10. heating utensil described in any one of -6 according to claim 1, which is characterized in that the heating utensil is electric meal
Stew liner, inner tub of pressure cooker, frying pan, baking tray or cooking machine.
11. heating utensil according to claim 8, which is characterized in that the heating utensil is inner container of electric cooker, pressure cooker
Liner, frying pan, baking tray or cooking machine.
12. heating utensil according to claim 9, which is characterized in that the heating utensil is inner container of electric cooker, pressure cooker
Liner, frying pan, baking tray or cooking machine.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201721787577.7U CN208769539U (en) | 2017-12-15 | 2017-12-15 | A kind of heating utensil |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201721787577.7U CN208769539U (en) | 2017-12-15 | 2017-12-15 | A kind of heating utensil |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN208769539U true CN208769539U (en) | 2019-04-23 |
Family
ID=66143138
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| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201721787577.7U Active CN208769539U (en) | 2017-12-15 | 2017-12-15 | A kind of heating utensil |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| CN (1) | CN208769539U (en) |
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2017
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