CN208658926U - A kind of heating utensil - Google Patents
A kind of heating utensil Download PDFInfo
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- CN208658926U CN208658926U CN201721791178.8U CN201721791178U CN208658926U CN 208658926 U CN208658926 U CN 208658926U CN 201721791178 U CN201721791178 U CN 201721791178U CN 208658926 U CN208658926 U CN 208658926U
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- heating utensil
- tie coat
- sticking lining
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Abstract
The utility model relates to household appliance technical fields, disclose a kind of heating utensil.The heating utensil includes: the substrate (1) being heated；The tie coat (2) being formed on substrate (1) inner surface；And it is formed in the non-sticking lining (3) on the tie coat (2) upper surface；Wherein, the tie coat (2) can be improved the bond strength of the non-sticking lining (3) Yu the substrate (1), and the non-sticking lining (3) is the coating containing PFA, metallic aluminium and aluminium oxide.Heating utensil described in the utility model surface hardness with higher, non-sticking lining binding force be higher, corrosion resistance and good, scraping and wiping resistance performance are good.
Description
Technical field
The utility model relates to household appliance technical fields, more particularly to a kind of heating utensil.
Background technique
In the market, electric cooker, inner container of electric pressure cooker surface are all made of with hydrophobic non-sticking lining, and non-sticking lining point
It is preferable for fluororesin or the silica hydrophobic coating of collosol and gel, the hydrophobic performance of both coatings, it is possible to provide it is good not
Viscosity, but also have big defect, if fluororesin layer surface hardness is low, not scratch-resistant, and ceramic coating is with using the time
Extension, hydrophobic variation non-stick, and its corrosion resisting property is poor, two kinds of coating service lifes are shorter, and market powers on meal
As soon as stewing, liner coating is good to be can be used year or so, the failure phenomenons such as will appear blistering, falls off poor only some months, and surface
Non-sticking lining once fail, liner cannot reuse, and the basic reason of existing non-sticking lining service life difference is, fluorine tree
Binding force between rouge coating, silicon oxide ceramics layer and substrate is low, surface hardness is small, scraping and wiping resistance performance is poor, therefore is badly in need of in the industry
Improve the comprehensive performance of non-sticking lining.
Utility model content
That the purpose of this utility model is to overcome existing non-sticking linings is low with substrate binding force, surface hardness is small, resistance to
The defect of scratch performance difference provides a kind of heating utensil and preparation method thereof.
To achieve the goals above, the utility model provides a kind of heating utensil, which includes:
The substrate being heated；
The tie coat being formed on the base interior surface；And
The non-sticking lining being formed on the tie coat upper surface；
Wherein, the tie coat can be improved the bond strength of the non-sticking lining Yu the substrate, the not snearing
Layer is to contain PFA (tetrafluoroethylene-perfluoro propyl ethylene copolymer, also known as soluble poly tetrafluoroethene), metallic aluminium and aluminium oxide
Coating.
Preferably, the tie coat is one of aluminum oxide layer, NiCr alloy-layer and NiCoCrAlY alloy-layer
Or it is a variety of.
Preferably, the tie coat with a thickness of 10-50 μm, roughness is 3-5 μm.
Preferably, the non-sticking lining is formed by the mixture containing PFA powder and metallic aluminium powder by thermal spraying.
Preferably, the non-sticking lining with a thickness of 20-200 μm, roughness is 0.5-1 μm.
Preferably, the substrate is metal material, ceramics or glass.
Preferably, the substrate with a thickness of 0.5-6mm.
Preferably, the heating utensil is inner container of electric cooker, inner tub of pressure cooker, frying pan, baking tray or cooking machine.
In heating utensil described in the utility model, aluminium oxide and PFA are contained in non-sticking lining, makes it have high rigidity
With good hydrophobicity；The tie coat of non-sticking lining lower part can play the bond strength for improving non-sticking lining and substrate, mention
For good corrosion resisting property.Therefore, there is good hydrophobic do not glue according to the inner surface of heating utensil described in the utility model
Property, high scraping and wiping resistance performance, good corrosion resisting property, and non-sticking lining and substrate bond strength are higher.
Detailed description of the invention
Fig. 1 is the schematic diagram of a layer structure of heating utensil described in the utility model.
Description of symbols
1 substrate, 2 tie coat
3 non-sticking linings
Specific embodiment
Specific embodiment of the present utility model is described in detail below in conjunction with attached drawing.It should be understood that herein
Described specific embodiment is only used for describing and explaining the present invention, and is not intended to limit the utility model.
The endpoint of disclosed range and any value are not limited to the accurate range or value herein, these ranges or
Value should be understood as comprising the value close to these ranges or value.For numberical range, between the endpoint value of each range, respectively
It can be combined with each other between the endpoint value of a range and individual point value, and individually between point value and obtain one or more
New numberical range, these numberical ranges should be considered as specific open herein.
In the present invention, in the absence of explanation to the contrary, the noun of locality used such as " upper and lower " typically refers to join
It examines shown in the drawings upper and lower；" inside and outside " refers to the inside and outside of the profile relative to each component itself.
As shown in Figure 1, heating utensil described in the utility model includes:
The substrate 1 being heated；
The tie coat 2 being formed on 1 inner surface of substrate；And
The non-sticking lining 3 being formed on 2 upper surface of tie coat.
In the present invention, the tie coat 2 is formed between non-sticking lining 3 and substrate 1, for the not snearing
The bond strength of layer 3 and the substrate 1.There is no particular limitation for the material of the tie coat 2, as long as enabling to not snearing
Higher binding force is formed between layer 3 and substrate 1.In the preferred case, the tie coat 2 is Al2O3Layer, NiCr are closed
One of layer gold and NiCoCrAlY alloy-layer are a variety of.The tie coat 2 can be single layer structure, be also possible to two layers
Above composite construction.The material of the NiCr alloy-layer for example can be Cr15Ni60, Cr20Ni80 or Cr20Ni35.It is described
The material of NiCoCrAlY alloy-layer for example can be NiCo23Cr17Al12Y0.5.
In the present invention, the thickness of the tie coat 2 can be 10-50 μm, specifically, such as can be 10 μ
M, the range that any two in 15 μm, 20 μm, 25 μm, 30 μm, 35 μm, 40 μm, 45 μm, 50 μm and these point values are constituted
In arbitrary value.
In the present invention, the roughness of the tie coat 2 can be 3-5 μm, specifically, for example, can for 3 μm,
Any two in 3.2 μm, 3.4 μm, 3.6 μm, 3.8 μm, 4 μm, 4.2 μm, 4.4 μm, 4.6 μm, 4.8 μm, 5 μm and these point values
Arbitrary value in a constituted range.Herein, the roughness of coating can be detected using roughness measuring instrument.
In the present invention, the non-sticking lining 3 is the coating containing PFA, metallic aluminium and aluminium oxide, the non-sticking lining
With high rigidity, good hydrophobicity and high bond strength.In the preferred case, the non-sticking lining 3 is by containing PFA powder
It is formed with the mixture of metallic aluminium powder by thermal spraying.The hot spray process is preferably plasma spraying method, more preferably high
Warm plasma spraying method.During forming non-sticking lining by hot spray process, part metals aluminium can aoxidize to form aluminium oxide,
So that including metallic aluminium, aluminium oxide and PFA in the non-sticking lining formed.
In the present invention, the thickness of the non-sticking lining 3 can be 20-200 μm, specifically, such as can be 20 μ
M, any two in 40 μm, 60 μm, 80 μm, 100 μm, 120 μm, 140 μm, 160 μm, 180 μm, 200 μm and these point values
The arbitrary value in range constituted.
In the present invention, the roughness of the non-sticking lining 3 can be 0.5-1 μm, specifically, such as can be
It is any in the range that any two in 0.5 μm, 0.6 μm, 0.7 μm, 0.8 μm, 0.9 μm, 1 μm and these point values are constituted
Value.
In the present invention, the material of the substrate can for the metal materials such as stainless steel, aluminium, aluminium alloy, titanium alloy,
Ceramics, glass or multilayer (including bilayer and three layers or more) metallic composite.Wherein, multi-layer metal composite material can be
Stainless steel/aluminium, stainless steel/copper, stainless steel/aluminium/copper etc..The thickness of the substrate can be 0.5-6mm.
In the present invention, the heating utensil can be inner container of electric cooker, inner tub of pressure cooker, frying pan, baking tray or cook
It prepares food machine.
It is described in the utility model heating utensil preparation method the following steps are included:
(1) tie coat 2 is formed on the inner surface of substrate 1 by hot spray process；
(2) pass through hot spray process in the upper surface of tie coat 2 using the mixture containing PFA powder and metallic aluminium powder
Upper formation non-sticking lining 3.
In step (1), the hot spray process can be with the plasma spray technology of this field routine, such as plasma spraying method or super
Velocity of sound flame spraying.Particularly, when the tie coat 2 is alloy-layer (such as NiCr alloy-layer or NiCoCrAlY alloy-layer)
When, it is preferred to use plasma spraying method or supersonic flame spraying method.
In step (2), in the mixture containing PFA powder and metallic aluminium powder, the content of PFA powder can be with
For 50-80 weight %, preferably 60-70 weight %；The content of the metallic aluminium powder is 20-50 weight %, preferably 30-40
Weight %.
In the present invention, the average grain diameter of the PFA powder can be 5-80 μm, preferably 10-50 μm.
In the present invention, the average grain diameter of the metallic aluminium powder can be 5-100 μm, preferably 20-60 μm.
In step (2), the hot spray process is preferably plasma spraying.It is further preferred that the plasma spraying
Operating condition include: initial preheating temperature be 120-200 DEG C, spray distance 50-150mm, spray angle be 60-90 °, powder
Last powder sending quantity is 3.5-10g/min, spray power 20-50kW.
In the present invention, it is described heating utensil preparation method can also include: before forming tie coat 2,
The substrate 1 is pre-processed.The pretreated method can be the processing method of this field routine.In a kind of embodiment party
In formula, the preprocessing process may include blasting treatment and ungrease treatment.Do not have for the method for blasting treatment and ungrease treatment
There is special restriction, can be respectively various methods commonly used in the art.For example, the method for blasting treatment includes: using 60-
The sand grains (such as glass sand, brown steel sand, black brown jade, white fused alumina, diamond dust) of 150 mesh, control Jet Stream pressure is 0.2-
0.9MPa, obtained roughness are about Ra 2-8 μm.It, need to be by the remaining fine-powder of base interior surface after blasting treatment
Particle etc. removes, and for the method for removing, there is no particular limitation, can be blown clean with high pressure draught or be removed by washing
It goes, this is well known to the skilled person, and details are not described herein.For example, the method for ungrease treatment can successively include alkali
It washes, pickling, washing and high temperature drying (such as 200-450 DEG C drying 10-15min).
The utility model will be described in detail by embodiment below.
In following preparation example and embodiment, unless otherwise instructed, each material used is commercially available.
PFA powder is purchased from Dajin Fluorine Coating (Shanghai) Co., Ltd., and average grain diameter is 15 μm.
Alumina powder is purchased from Beijing Sang Yao Science and Technology Development Co., Ltd., and average grain diameter is 25 μm.
Metallic aluminium powder is purchased from Beijing Sang Yao Science and Technology Development Co., Ltd., and average grain diameter is 30 μm.
Embodiment 1
(1) aluminum pot matrix is pre-processed, wherein pretreated method includes: a) oil removing 8 minutes at a temperature of 55 DEG C；
B) it is cleaned with deionized water；C) 100 DEG C of drying 5min；D) the brown steel sand for using 60-80 mesh, in the Jet Stream pressure of 0.6MPa
Under to aluminum pot matrix surface carry out blasting treatment make 3 μm of its surface roughness Ra, it is then with air-flow that pot body matrix surface is residual
The powder particle stayed is blown clean；E) with the NaOH solution of 40 weight % at 80 DEG C alkali cleaning 1 minute；F) with the nitric acid of 20 weight %
In solution and 3 minutes；G) it after being cleaned with deionized water, is dried 12 minutes at 300 DEG C；
(2) aluminum oxide powder is subjected to plasma spraying processing, it is (thick to form tie coat on base inner surface
Degree is 30 μm, and roughness is 4 μm), wherein the condition of plasma spraying processing includes: that initial preheating temperature is 150 DEG C, spraying
Distance is 100mm, and spray angle is 80 ° ± 1 °, and powder powder sending quantity is 6g/min, and spray power 40kW, main gas is argon gas, auxiliary
Gas is hydrogen, hydrogen flowing quantity 5L/min, argon flow 30L/min.
(3) the PFA powder of 3 parts by weight and the metallic aluminium powder of 1 parts by weight are mixed, and is carried out with obtained mixed powder
Plasma spraying processing, to form non-sticking lining (with a thickness of 100 μm, roughness is 1 μm) on the upper surface of tie coat,
In, it is 140 DEG C, spray distance 90-100mm that the condition of plasma spraying processing, which includes: initial preheating temperature, and spray angle is
80-90 °, powder powder sending quantity is 6g/min, spray power 30kW, and main gas is argon gas, auxiliary gas is hydrogen, hydrogen flowing quantity 3L/
Min, argon flow 40L/min.
Embodiment 2
(1) stainless-steel pan matrix is pre-processed, wherein pretreated method includes: a) oil removing 8 at a temperature of 55 DEG C
Minute；B) it is cleaned with deionized water；C) 100 DEG C of drying 5min；D) the brown steel sand for using 60-80 mesh, in the jet gas of 0.8MPa
Carrying out blasting treatment to stainless-steel pan matrix surface under flowing pressure makes 3 μm of its surface roughness Ra, then with air-flow by pot body
The remaining powder particle of matrix surface is blown clean；E) with the NaOH solution of 40 weight % at 80 DEG C alkali cleaning 1 minute；F) with 20 weights
Measure % nitric acid solution in and 3 minutes；G) it after being cleaned with deionized water, is dried 11 minutes at 375 DEG C；
(2) by the nichrome powder of the chromium of nickel and 60 parts by weight containing 15 parts by weight, gained powder is subjected to plasma
Spray treatment, to form tie coat on base inner surface (with a thickness of 20 μm, roughness is 5 μm), wherein plasma spraying
The condition of processing includes: that initial preheating temperature is 160 DEG C, spray distance 80-90mm, and spray angle is 76 ° ± 1 °, and powder is sent
Powder amount is 5g/min, spray power 35kW, and main gas is argon gas, auxiliary gas is hydrogen, hydrogen flowing quantity 4L/min, and argon flow is
30L/min。
(3) the PFA powder of 3 parts by weight and the metallic aluminium powder of 1 parts by weight are mixed, and is carried out with obtained mixed powder
Plasma spraying processing, to form non-sticking lining (with a thickness of 100 μm, roughness is 1 μm) on the upper surface of tie coat,
In, it is 140 DEG C, spray distance 90-100mm that the condition of plasma spraying processing, which includes: initial preheating temperature, and spray angle is
80-90 °, powder powder sending quantity is 6g/min, spray power 30kW, and main gas is argon gas, auxiliary gas is hydrogen, hydrogen flowing quantity 3L/
Min, argon flow 40L/min.
Embodiment 3
(1) stainless-steel pan matrix is pre-processed, wherein pretreated method includes: a) oil removing 8 at a temperature of 55 DEG C
Minute；B) it is cleaned with deionized water；C) 100 DEG C of drying 5min；D) the brown steel sand for using 60-80 mesh, in the jet gas of 0.8MPa
Carrying out blasting treatment to stainless-steel pan matrix surface under flowing pressure makes 4 μm of its surface roughness Ra, then with air-flow by pot body
The remaining powder particle of matrix surface is blown clean；E) with the NaOH solution of 40 weight % at 80 DEG C alkali cleaning 1 minute；F) with 20 weights
Measure % nitric acid solution in and 3 minutes；G) it after being cleaned with deionized water, is dried 10 minutes at 450 DEG C；
(2) NiCoCrAlY alloy-layer is formed as tie coat (thickness on base inner surface by plasma spraying hair
Be 40 μm, roughness be 3 μm), wherein plasma spraying processing condition include: initial preheating temperature be 200 DEG C, spraying away from
From for 120mm, spray angle is 84 ° ± 1 °, and powder powder sending quantity is 7g/min, spray power 40kW, spraying current 600A,
Coating thickness is 250 μm；Main gas is argon gas, auxiliary gas is hydrogen, hydrogen flowing quantity 8L/min, argon flow 50L/min.
(3) the PFA powder of 3 parts by weight and the metallic aluminium powder of 1 parts by weight are mixed, and is carried out with obtained mixed powder
Plasma spraying processing, to form non-sticking lining (with a thickness of 100 μm, roughness is 1 μm) on the upper surface of tie coat,
In, it is 140 DEG C, spray distance 90-100mm that the condition of plasma spraying processing, which includes: initial preheating temperature, and spray angle is
80-90 °, powder powder sending quantity is 6g/min, and spray power 30kW, spraying current 600A, main gas is argon gas, auxiliary gas is hydrogen
Gas, hydrogen flowing quantity 3L/min, argon flow 40L/min.
Comparative example 1
Cookware is prepared according to the method for embodiment 1, the difference is that not using metal during preparing non-sticking lining
Aluminium powder, and directly non-sticking lining is formed using electrostatic spraying PFA powder.
Comparative example 2
Cookware is prepared according to the method for embodiment 1, the difference is that not formation tie coat described in implementation steps (3)
Process, and directly step (2) preparation matrix inner surface on form non-sticking lining.
Test case
The relevant parameter and performance of the cookware of each embodiment and comparative example preparation are measured according to following methods.
1, it coating surface hardness: coating surface hardness: (is purchased from according to GB/T 6739-1996 film determination of pencil hardness method
Guangzhou Sheng Hua Industrial Co., Ltd., model BEVS 1301) measurement cookware surface covering pencil hardness.It the results are shown in Table 1.
2, non-sticking lining binding force coating binding force: is measured according to G9 8642-88.It the results are shown in Table 1.
3, the scratch resistance of coating: the washing water for being 5 weight % with dish washing liquid compound concentration, 3M (7447C) scouring pad are born
Weight 2.5kgf, the one way that swings are 1 time, every 250 replacements scouring pad, check whether coating falls off either after scraping every time
No exposing substrate (to expose >=10 lines as termination test), and record abrasion resistance.It the results are shown in Table 1.
4, acid and alkali resistance, salt:
It is acidproof: the acetum that concentration is 5 weight % is added into interior pot at interior pot inner wall maximum scale water level,
Interior pot is put into energization closing lid laser heating in corresponding stew and boils (holding fluidized state) 10 minutes, then 100 DEG C of heat-insulation soakings
24 hours, interior pot is cleaned up after the test, visually inspects coating surface changing condition, the results are shown in Table 2.
It is alkaline-resisting: the sodium hydroxide solution that concentration is 0.5 weight % is added into interior pot until interior pot inner wall maximum scale
At water level, interior pot is put into energization closing lid laser heating in corresponding stew and boils and (keeps fluidized state) 10 minutes, is then protected for 100 DEG C
Temperature is impregnated 24 hours, after the test cleans up interior pot, is visually inspected coating surface changing condition, be the results are shown in Table 2.
Salt tolerant: the sodium chloride solution that concentration is 5 weight % is added into interior pot until interior pot inner wall maximum scale water level
Place, interior pot be put into energization closing lid laser heating in corresponding stew boil 8 hours (every 2 hours amount of makeup water 1 time, liquid level is kept
Position in on-test), it is a cycle that 80 DEG C, which keep the temperature 16 hours, visual inspection coating surface variation after each cycle test
There is the periodicity of the bad phenomenons such as blistering, salient point, the results are shown in Table 2 in situation, record coating.
5, non-adhesion behavior
The non-adhesion behavior of the cookware prepared in above-described embodiment and comparative example is detected according to the method for GB/T2421-1998,
Specific test process is as follows: gently wiping inner surface of pot body with the soft cloth for speckling with vegetable oil, uses clear water after being cleaned with warm water plus detergent
It cleans and wipes dry, then sample is heated, measured with land surface pyrometer, inner surface of pot body temperature is at 150 DEG C, by a Fresh Egg
It is put into pot after broken shell, vegetable edible oil or other fat oils is not added, solidified substantially to albumen, with the not damaged taking-up of nonmetallic shovel
Then egg wipes inner surface of pot body with soft cloth, and is carried out continuously three times.If inner surface of pot body can wiped clean, for
Qualification shows non-stick preferable；If inner surface of pot body is unable to wiped clean, unqualified, shows non-stick poor or do not have
It is non-stick.It the results are shown in Table 2.
Table 1
| Surface hardness (pencil hardness) | Binding force (MPa) | Abrasion resistance (secondary) | |
| Embodiment 1 | 6H | 38 | 9000 |
| Embodiment 2 | 6H | 40 | 9500 |
| Embodiment 3 | 6H | 39 | 9300 |
| Comparative example 1 | HB | 2 | 4000 |
| Comparative example 2 | HB | 10 | 3000 |
Table 2
| It is acidproof | It is alkaline-resisting | Salt tolerant | Non-adhesion behavior | |
| Embodiment 1 | Phenomena such as no albefaction, blistering | Phenomena such as no albefaction, blistering | 25 periods | It is qualified |
| Embodiment 2 | Phenomena such as no albefaction, blistering | Phenomena such as no albefaction, blistering | 26 periods | It is qualified |
| Embodiment 3 | Phenomena such as no albefaction, blistering | Phenomena such as no albefaction, blistering | 25 periods | It is qualified |
| Comparative example 1 | Phenomena such as no albefaction, blistering | Phenomena such as no albefaction, blistering | 8 periods | It is qualified |
| Comparative example 2 | There is phenomena such as albefaction, blistering | There is phenomena such as albefaction, blistering | 4 periods | It is qualified |
It can be seen from the data of upper table 1 and 2 heating utensil described in the utility model surface hardness with higher,
Non-sticking lining binding force is higher, corrosion resistance and good, scraping and wiping resistance performance are good.
Preferred embodiments of the present invention are described in detail above, still, the utility model is not limited to this.At this
In the range of the technology design of utility model, a variety of simple variants can be carried out to the technical solution of the utility model, including each
Technical characteristic is combined with any other suitable method, these simple variants and combination equally should be considered as the utility model
Disclosure of that belongs to the protection scope of the utility model.
Claims (10)
1. a kind of heating utensil, which is characterized in that the heating utensil includes:
The substrate (1) being heated；
The tie coat (2) being formed on substrate (1) inner surface；And
The non-sticking lining (3) being formed on the tie coat (2) upper surface；
Wherein, the tie coat (2) can be improved the bond strength of the non-sticking lining (3) Yu the substrate (1), it is described not
Adhesive coating layer (3) is the coating containing PFA, metallic aluminium and aluminium oxide.
2. heating utensil according to claim 1, which is characterized in that the tie coat (2) be aluminum oxide layer,
One of NiCr alloy-layer and NiCoCrAlY alloy-layer are a variety of.
3. heating utensil according to claim 1 or 2, which is characterized in that the tie coat (2) with a thickness of 10-50 μ
m。
4. heating utensil according to claim 1 or 2, which is characterized in that the roughness of the tie coat (2) is 3-5 μ
m。
5. heating utensil according to claim 1, which is characterized in that the non-sticking lining (3) is by containing PFA powder and gold
The mixture for belonging to aluminium powder is formed by thermal spraying.
6. heating utensil according to claim 1 or 5, which is characterized in that the non-sticking lining (3) with a thickness of 20-200
μm。
7. heating utensil according to claim 1 or 5, which is characterized in that the roughness of the non-sticking lining (3) is 0.5-
1μm。
8. according to claim 1, heating utensil described in 2 or 5, which is characterized in that the substrate is metal material, ceramics or glass
Glass.
9. according to claim 1, heating utensil described in 2 or 5, which is characterized in that the substrate with a thickness of 0.5-6mm.
10. according to claim 1, heating utensil described in 2 or 5, which is characterized in that the heating utensil be inner container of electric cooker,
Inner tub of pressure cooker, frying pan, baking tray or cooking machine.
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| CN201721791178.8U CN208658926U (en) | 2017-12-15 | 2017-12-15 | A kind of heating utensil |
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Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN109924886A (en) * | 2017-12-15 | 2019-06-25 | 佛山市顺德区美的电热电器制造有限公司 | A kind of heating utensil and preparation method thereof |
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2017
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Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN109924886A (en) * | 2017-12-15 | 2019-06-25 | 佛山市顺德区美的电热电器制造有限公司 | A kind of heating utensil and preparation method thereof |
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