CN108977747A - Non-sticking lining and preparation method thereof and cookware and equipment of cooking - Google Patents
Non-sticking lining and preparation method thereof and cookware and equipment of cooking Download PDFInfo
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- CN108977747A CN108977747A CN201710404091.9A CN201710404091A CN108977747A CN 108977747 A CN108977747 A CN 108977747A CN 201710404091 A CN201710404091 A CN 201710404091A CN 108977747 A CN108977747 A CN 108977747A
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C23—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
- C23C—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; SURFACE TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL BY DIFFUSION INTO THE SURFACE, BY CHEMICAL CONVERSION OR SUBSTITUTION; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL
- C23C4/00—Coating by spraying the coating material in the molten state, e.g. by flame, plasma or electric discharge
- C23C4/04—Coating by spraying the coating material in the molten state, e.g. by flame, plasma or electric discharge characterised by the coating material
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A47—FURNITURE; DOMESTIC ARTICLES OR APPLIANCES; COFFEE MILLS; SPICE MILLS; SUCTION CLEANERS IN GENERAL
- A47J—KITCHEN EQUIPMENT; COFFEE MILLS; SPICE MILLS; APPARATUS FOR MAKING BEVERAGES
- A47J27/00—Cooking-vessels
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A47—FURNITURE; DOMESTIC ARTICLES OR APPLIANCES; COFFEE MILLS; SPICE MILLS; SUCTION CLEANERS IN GENERAL
- A47J—KITCHEN EQUIPMENT; COFFEE MILLS; SPICE MILLS; APPARATUS FOR MAKING BEVERAGES
- A47J27/00—Cooking-vessels
- A47J27/08—Pressure-cookers; Lids or locking devices specially adapted therefor
- A47J27/086—Pressure-cookers; Lids or locking devices specially adapted therefor with built-in heating means
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A47—FURNITURE; DOMESTIC ARTICLES OR APPLIANCES; COFFEE MILLS; SPICE MILLS; SUCTION CLEANERS IN GENERAL
- A47J—KITCHEN EQUIPMENT; COFFEE MILLS; SPICE MILLS; APPARATUS FOR MAKING BEVERAGES
- A47J36/00—Parts, details or accessories of cooking-vessels
- A47J36/02—Selection of specific materials, e.g. heavy bottoms with copper inlay or with insulating inlay
- A47J36/025—Vessels with non-stick features, e.g. coatings
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A47—FURNITURE; DOMESTIC ARTICLES OR APPLIANCES; COFFEE MILLS; SPICE MILLS; SUCTION CLEANERS IN GENERAL
- A47J—KITCHEN EQUIPMENT; COFFEE MILLS; SPICE MILLS; APPARATUS FOR MAKING BEVERAGES
- A47J37/00—Baking; Roasting; Grilling; Frying
- A47J37/06—Roasters; Grills; Sandwich grills
- A47J37/08—Bread-toasters
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Food Science & Technology (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Plasma & Fusion (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Materials Engineering (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Metallurgy (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Coating By Spraying Or Casting (AREA)
- Application Of Or Painting With Fluid Materials (AREA)
Abstract
The present invention relates to electric heating appliance technical field, a kind of non-sticking lining and preparation method thereof and cookware and equipment of cooking are disclosed.This method comprises: (1) pre-processes matrix；(2) matrix surface for obtaining step (1) carries out the pre-heat treatment；(3) silicon carbide powder and fluororesin powder are mixed, obtains mixture of powders, the mixture of powders is subjected to plasma spraying processing, to form non-sticking lining in matrix surface.Non-sticking lining of the invention is grey black, resistant, and has many advantages, such as that good surface hardness high, coating binding force height, scraping and wiping resistance performance, corrosion resistance and good, wetability be good, good heat-transfer, long service life.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to electric heating appliance technical fields, and in particular to a kind of non-sticking lining and preparation method thereof and cookware and
It cooks equipment.
Background technique
Existing non-sticking lining is mainly Teflon class PTFE non-sticking lining or ceramic non-stick coating, and these types of coating is normal
The molding mode of rule is all and this coating life using air pressure spraying, high temperature sintering solidifies again after electrostatic spraying
Generally only half a year arrives one-year age, and coating hardness is low that (Vickers hardness of PTFE non-sticking lining is 100-200HV, ceramic
The Vickers hardness of non-sticking lining is 200-350HV), coating adhesion is small, and (binding force of PTFE non-sticking lining is 2-10MPa, pottery
The binding force of porcelain non-sticking lining is 2-5MPa), coating layer thickness it is smaller (PTFE non-sticking lining with a thickness of 20-50 μm, ceramic non-stick
Coating with a thickness of 20-40 μm), acid and alkali-resistance and salt resistant character it is also general, in the long-term use inevitably scrape, grind
Damage, corrosion and lead to coating shedding, failure, and after surface covering failure, this non-sticking lining will be without non-stick, this
Service life and application to coating cause and significantly limit.
Existing cooking apparatus, including frying pan, electric cooker, inner tub of pressure cooker etc. use non-sticking lining on a large scale, and mention
The critical issue of cooker industry is had become for a kind of coating for persistently not gluing, and haveing excellent performance.
Summary of the invention
The purpose of the invention is to overcome the above problem of the existing technology, a kind of non-sticking lining and its preparation are provided
Method and cookware and equipment of cooking, the non-sticking lining are grey black, resistant, and have surface hardness is high, coating binding force is high,
The advantages that scraping and wiping resistance performance is good, corrosion resistance and good, wetability are good, good heat-transfer, long service life.
To achieve the goals above, one aspect of the present invention provides a kind of method for preparing non-sticking lining, this method comprises:
(1) matrix is pre-processed；
(2) matrix surface for obtaining step (1) carries out the pre-heat treatment；
(3) silicon carbide powder and fluororesin powder are mixed, obtains mixture of powders, the mixture of powders is carried out etc.
Plasma spray processing, to form non-sticking lining in matrix surface.
Second aspect of the present invention provides the non-sticking lining that the method for the invention is prepared.
Third aspect present invention provides a kind of cookware, which includes matrix and the non-sticking lining that is formed on matrix,
The non-sticking lining includes the mixed layer of silicon carbide and fluororesin；Preferably, the non-sticking lining does not glue to be of the present invention
Coating.
Fourth aspect present invention provides one kind and cooks equipment, which includes cookware of the present invention.
Non-sticking lining of the invention have high rigidity, high bond strength, high scratch resistance, highly corrosion resistant and it is good not
Viscosity.Wherein, silicon carbide has the characteristics that stable chemical performance, thermal coefficient are high, thermal expansion coefficient is small, wearability is good, with
The coating prepared after fluororesin powder (such as modified PFA powder) mixing is grey black, and resistance to soiling is good.
Specifically, of the invention to be prepared in the method for non-sticking lining using plasma spraying technology, using specific modified
Fluororesin powder, wherein according to a kind of preferred embodiment, the partial size D50 of modified PFA powder is 20-100 μm (further
Preferably 40-100 μm, be still more preferably 45-60 μm), the ball of the modification PFA powder of 80% or more (preferably 90% or more)
Shape degree be 70-99% (further preferably 90-99%), mobility be less than 30s/50g (further preferably 10-25s/50g,
Still more preferably it is 10-20s/50g), the mixed-powder of modification PFA powder and silicon carbide powder sprays one in matrix surface
Layer non-sticking lining, the non-sticking lining that can be had excellent performance, and obtained non-sticking lining has good hydrophobic self-cleaning property
(angle of wetting is 100-130 °) there is surface hardness high (Vickers hardness 300-550HV, preferably 450-550HV), coating to combine
It is power height (binding force 30-50MPa, preferably 40-50MPa), long service life, coating layer thickness big (can be 30-400 μm), acidproof
Property good (no albefaction, blistering phenomena such as), alkali resistance good (phenomena such as no albefaction, blistering), good salt tolerance (1 period are as follows: 5 weight %
Salt water laser heating boiling 8h, 80 ° persistently keep the temperature 16h) the advantages that.Still have in addition, the non-sticking lining is internal after surface abrasion
There is good wetability, as long as and do not expose matrix, wetability is always maintained at well (not to PTFE non-sticking lining, ceramics
Adhesive coating layer and these three samples of non-sticking lining of the invention carry out friction-wear test, it can be found that: non-sticking lining of the invention
It does not fall off substantially in process of friction and wear, does not influence service performance, and PTFE non-sticking lining and ceramic non-stick coating are
Sheet intermediate peeling, differs greatly), and the non-sticking lining can directly be contacted with food, meet food hygiene certification.
Detailed description of the invention
Fig. 1 is the microscopic appearance figure for the modification PFA powder that preparation example 1 of the present invention obtains.
Fig. 2 is the microscopic appearance figure of existing PFA powder.
Fig. 3 is the structural schematic diagram of cookware of the invention.
Description of symbols
1 is non-sticking lining, and 2 be matrix.
Specific embodiment
The endpoint of disclosed range and any value are not limited to the accurate range or value herein, these ranges or
Value should be understood as comprising the value close to these ranges or value.For numberical range, between the endpoint value of each range, respectively
It can be combined with each other between the endpoint value of a range and individual point value, and individually between point value and obtain one or more
New numberical range, these numberical ranges should be considered as specific open herein.
In a first aspect, the present invention provides a kind of methods for preparing non-sticking lining, this method comprises:
(1) matrix is pre-processed；
(2) matrix surface for obtaining step (1) carries out the pre-heat treatment；
(3) silicon carbide powder and modified fluorin resin powder are mixed, obtain mixture of powders, by the mixture of powders into
Row plasma spraying processing, to form non-sticking lining in matrix surface.
In method of the invention, it will be understood by those skilled in the art that sphericity is the ball with particle same volume
The sphericity of the ratio of the surface area of the surface area and particle of body, ball is equal to 1, and other convex body sphericities are less than 1.80% or more
The modified PFA powder sphericity be not less than 70%, refer in the modification PFA powder of any sampling, sphericity is not less than
The number or probability of the particle of 70% modification PFA powder account in the sampling number ratio for being all modified the particle of PFA powder
Or probability proportion is 80% or more.
The present inventor's creative discovery under study for action, existing fluororesin powder (such as PFA powder), partial size D50
It is 5-30 μm, 90% or more sphericity is 10-30%, mobility 30-100s/50g, using the existing PFA of aforementioned properties
Powder (its microscopic appearance figure is as shown in Fig. 2, the powder granule regularity is low, sphericity is low, size distribution is relatively also inhomogenous),
It is difficult to meet the manufacture requirement of thermal spraying (such as plasma spraying) technique, thermal spraying (such as plasma spraying) technique can not be passed through
It is prepared that surface hardness is high, coating binding force is high, scraping and wiping resistance performance is good, corrosion resistance and good, wetability are good, long service life
Non-sticking lining, and by existing fluororesin (such as PFA) powder by obtaining the spherical shape of 80% or more powder after specially treated
(according to a kind of preferred embodiment, the partial size D50 of modified PFA powder is 20- to modified fluorin resin powder of the degree not less than 70%
100 μm, the sphericity of 80% or more modification PFA powder is 70-99%, and the mobility of modified PFA powder is less than 30s/50g),
The modified fluorin resin powder can satisfy the construction of thermal spraying (such as plasma spraying) technique, using including the modified fluorin resin powder
The non-sticking lining that the material at end can be had excellent performance, and obtained non-sticking lining has surface hardness height, coating binding force
High, the advantages that scraping and wiping resistance performance is good, corrosion resistance and good, wetability are good, long service life.
Under preferable case, the fluororesin powder is modified fluorin resin powder.
Under preferable case, the partial size D50 of the modified fluorin resin powder is 20-100 μm, further preferably 40-100 μ
M is still more preferably 45-60 μm.
Under preferable case, the sphericity of 80% or more further preferred 90% or more the modified fluorin resin powder is not small
It is still more preferably 90-99% in 70%, further preferably 70-99%.
Under preferable case, the mobility of the modified fluorin resin powder is less than 30s/50g, further preferably 10-25s/
50g is still more preferably 10-20s/50g.
Under preferable case, the purity of the modified fluorin resin powder is 95.5%-99.99%, further preferably 99-
99.99%.
Under preferable case, the modified fluorin resin powder is to be modified PFA powder and/or modified PTFE powders, further excellent
It is selected as modified PFA powder.
In the case of process of the present invention it is preferred, meet the modified fluorin resin powder of aforementioned parameters condition by including following
The method of step is prepared:
(a) fluororesin powder, binder, lubricant and water are mixed, prepares slurry；
(b) slurry is subjected to spray drying treatment.
Preferably, in step (a), on the basis of the weight of slurry, the content of fluororesin powder is 30-60 weight %, into
One step is preferably 38-55 weight %；The content of binder is 0.2-2 weight %, further preferably 0.2-0.5 weight %；Profit
The content of lubrication prescription is 0.5-3 weight %, further preferably 1-3 weight %；The content of water is 35-68 weight %, further excellent
It is selected as 42-60 weight %.
Preferably, in step (a), the binder is at least one in polyvinyl alcohol, polyvinyl chloride and polyacrylate
Kind.
Preferably, in step (a), the lubricant is at least one of glycerol, paraffin and graphite.
Preferably, in step (b), the mode of the spray drying treatment is dry for aerodynamic atomization, and the aerodynamic atomization is dry
Dry condition includes: that atomizing pressure is 0.3-0.6MPa, further preferably 0.3-0.5MPa；Atomization air flow flow is 1-4m3/
H, further preferably 1-3m3/h；Inlet temperature is 200-400 DEG C, further preferably 300-350 DEG C；Air outlet temperature is
50-200 DEG C, further preferably 50-150 DEG C.
In method of the invention, matrix can be the gold such as stainless steel base, aluminum substrate, alloy matrix aluminum, titanium alloy substrate
Belong to matrix or multilayer (including bilayer and three layers or more) metal clad substrates.Wherein, multilayer metal compound matrix can be for not
Become rusty steel/aluminum substrate, stainless steel/copper matrix, stainless steel/aluminium/Copper substrate etc..Preferably, matrix with a thickness of 0.5-6mm.
In method of the invention, the pretreated method of step (1) may include blasting treatment and ungrease treatment, for spray
There is no particular limitation for the method for sand processing and ungrease treatment, can be respectively various methods commonly used in the art.For example, sandblasting
The method of processing includes: the sand grains (such as glass sand, brown steel sand, black brown jade, white fused alumina, diamond dust) using 60-150 mesh, control
Jet Stream pressure processed is 0.2-0.9MPa, and obtained roughness is about Ra 2-8 μm.It, need to be by matrix after blasting treatment
Remaining fine powder particles of inner surface etc. remove, and for the method for removing, there is no particular limitation, can be blown with high pressure draught
It can also completely be removed by washing, this is well known to the skilled person, and details are not described herein.For example, ungrease treatment
Method can successively include alkali cleaning, pickling, washing and high temperature drying (such as 200-450 DEG C drying 10-15min).
In the case of process of the present invention it is preferred, in step (2), the matrix surface that step (1) obtains is preheated to 80-
150℃。
In the case of process of the present invention it is preferred, in step (3), the partial size D50 of the silicon carbide powder is 10-40 μm,
The sphericity of 90% or more the silicon carbide powder is 70-100%, and the mobility of the silicon carbide powder is 10-30s/
50g.Wherein, by weight percentage, ingredient can be with for silicon carbide are as follows: SiC 98.5%-99.5%, Fe 0.2%-1%, its
Remaining is fixed carbon.
In the case of process of the present invention it is preferred, in step (3), in mixture of powders, fluororesin powder and carborundum powder
The weight ratio at end is 1:0.3-3, further preferably 1:0.5-2.
Preferably, in step (3), it is 50-120mm that the condition of the plasma spraying processing, which includes: spray distance, into one
Step is preferably 70-90mm；Spray angle is 60-90 °, further preferably 75-85 °；Powder powder sending quantity is 3.5-10g/min,
Further preferably 5-7g/min；Spray voltage is 50-75V, further preferably 60-70V；Spraying current is 600-720A,
Further preferably 650-700A；Coating thickness is 30-400 μm, further preferably 50-300 μm；Main gas is argon gas, auxiliary gas
For hydrogen, hydrogen flowing quantity 4-8L/min, argon flow 30-50L/min.Wherein, before carrying out plasma spraying processing,
1-2h is first stirred after each powder being mixed, then in 100-120 DEG C of drying 1-1.5h.
Second aspect, the present invention provides the non-sticking linings that the above method is prepared.
The third aspect, as shown in figure 3, the cookware includes matrix 2 and is formed in matrix 2 the present invention provides a kind of cookware
On non-sticking lining 1, the mixed layer of the non-sticking lining 1 including silicon carbide and fluororesin.Wherein, the silicon carbide and fluororesin
Mixed layer is the coating formed by the mixed-powder of silicon carbide powder and modified fluorin resin powder, i.e. silicon carbide/fluor resin coating.
Preferably, the fluororesin is PFA and/or PTFE.
Preferably, in non-sticking lining, the weight ratio of fluororesin and silicon carbide is 1:0.3-3, further preferably 1:0.5-
2。
Wherein, matrix can for the metallic matrixes such as stainless steel base, aluminum substrate, alloy matrix aluminum, titanium alloy substrate or
Multilayer (including bilayer and three layers or more) metal clad substrates.Wherein, multilayer metal compound matrix can be stainless steel/aluminium base
Body, stainless steel/copper matrix, stainless steel/aluminium/Copper substrate etc..
Preferably, matrix with a thickness of 0.5-6mm.
Preferably, the non-sticking lining with a thickness of 30-400 μm, further preferably 50-300 μm, still more preferably
It is 150-300 μm.
Preferably, the non-sticking lining is non-sticking lining of the present invention.
Fourth aspect is cooked equipment the present invention provides one kind, which includes cookware of the present invention.It is preferred that
Ground, the equipment of cooking is frying pan, frying pan, air fryer, baking machine, bread producing machine, electric cooker, electric pressure cooking saucepan or soy bean milk making machine.
It below will the present invention will be described in detail by preparation example and embodiment.In following preparation example and embodiment, such as
Without special instruction, each material used is commercially available, and each method used is the common method of this field.
Using the grain of laser particle size analyzer (being purchased from Xiamen Ke Wang Electronics Co., Ltd., model KW510) measurement powder
Diameter D50.
Using particle image analyzer (purchased from the American-European gram Instrument Ltd. in Zhuhai, model PIP8.1) measurement powder
The sphericity of grain.
According to GB1482-84 using the mobility of Hall flowmeter measurement powder.
Using the purity of automatic polarimeter (opening up China, model AP-300 purchased from love) measurement powder.
It is original using contact angle measurement (being purchased from Shenzhen Xin Hengsen trade Co., Ltd, model XHSCAZ-2) measurement
Contact angle after contact angle and friction, measurement range are 0-180 °.
Common PFA powder is purchased from Dajin Fluorine Coating (Shanghai) Co., Ltd., and partial size D50 is 15 μm, the ball of 95% powder
Shape degree is 18%, mobility 78s/50g, purity 94%.
Common PTFE powder is purchased from Dajin Fluorine Coating (Shanghai) Co., Ltd., and partial size D50 is 28 μm, the ball of 96% powder
Shape degree is 22%, mobility 64s/50g, purity 95%.
Polyvinyl alcohol is purchased from Shanghai Fu Sichun Chemical Industry Science Co., Ltd, model PVA1788.
Polyvinyl chloride is purchased from Shanghai Ji Ning Industrial Co., Ltd., model K55-59.
Polyacrylate has company, model SL325 purchased from Changzhou spring Jiang Huaxue.
Silicon carbide powder is purchased from Beijing Sang Yao Science and Technology Development Co., Ltd., and partial size D50 is 34 μm, the spherical shape of 95% powder
Degree be 94%, mobility 16s/50g, SiC content be 99.5 weight %, Fe contents be 0.2 weight %, remaining be fixed carbon.
Preparation example 1
(1) the common PFA powder of 47.6kg, 0.4kg polyvinyl alcohol, 2kg glycerol and 50kg water are mixed, prepares slurry；
(2) slurry is subjected to aerodynamic atomization drying process, wherein the dry condition of aerodynamic atomization includes: that atomizing pressure is
0.4MPa, atomization air flow flow are 2m3/ h, inlet temperature are 320 DEG C, and air outlet temperature is 100 DEG C, obtain modified PFA powder
S1。
After measured, the partial size D50 of modified PFA powder is 52 μm, and the sphericity of 96% powder is 95%, and mobility is
15s/50g, purity 99.9%.The microscopic appearance figure of modification PFA powder is as shown in Figure 1.
Preparation example 2
(1) the common PFA powder of 54.8kg, 0.2kg polyvinyl chloride, 3kg paraffin and 42kg water are mixed, prepares slurry；
(2) slurry is subjected to aerodynamic atomization drying process, wherein the dry condition of aerodynamic atomization includes: that atomizing pressure is
0.3MPa, atomization air flow flow are 1m3/ h, inlet temperature are 300 DEG C, and air outlet temperature is 60 DEG C, obtain modified PFA powder
S2。
After measured, the partial size D50 of modified PFA powder is 46 μm, and the sphericity of 95% powder is 93%, and mobility is
13s/50g, purity 99.5%.
Preparation example 3
(1) the common PFA powder of 38.5kg, 0.5kg polyacrylate, 1kg graphite and 60kg water are mixed, prepares slurry；
(2) slurry is subjected to aerodynamic atomization drying process, wherein the dry condition of aerodynamic atomization includes: that atomizing pressure is
0.5MPa, atomization air flow flow are 3m3/ h, inlet temperature are 350 DEG C, and air outlet temperature is 140 DEG C, obtain modified PFA powder
S3。
After measured, the partial size D50 of modified PFA powder is 59 μm, and the sphericity of 95% powder is 98%, and mobility is
18s/50g, purity 99.9%.
Preparation example 4
(1) the common PFA powder of 32.2kg, 1kg polyvinyl alcohol, 1.8kg glycerol and 65kg water are mixed, prepares slurry；
(2) slurry is subjected to aerodynamic atomization drying process, wherein the dry condition of aerodynamic atomization includes: that atomizing pressure is
0.58MPa, atomization air flow flow are 3.9m3/ h, inlet temperature are 210 DEG C, and air outlet temperature is 52 DEG C, obtain modified PFA powder
Last S4.
After measured, the partial size D50 of modified PFA powder is 42 μm, and the sphericity of 90% powder is 75%, and mobility is
12s/50g, purity 96%.
Preparation example 5
(1) the common PFA powder of 58kg, 1.8kg polyvinyl alcohol, 0.6kg glycerol and 39.6kg water are mixed, prepares slurry；
(2) slurry is subjected to aerodynamic atomization drying process, wherein the dry condition of aerodynamic atomization includes: that atomizing pressure is
0.32MPa, atomization air flow flow are 3.2m3/ h, inlet temperature are 390 DEG C, and air outlet temperature is 195 DEG C, obtain modified PFA powder
Last S5.
After measured, the partial size D50 of modified PFA powder is 98 μm, and the sphericity of 88% powder is 90%, and mobility is
24s/50g, purity 99.7%.
Preparation example 6
According to the method for preparation example 1, the difference is that, common PFA powder is replaced with into common PTFE powder, is modified
PTFE powder.
After measured, the partial size D50 of modified PTFE powders is 56 μm, and the sphericity of 94% powder is 94%, and mobility is
17s/50g, purity 99.8%.
Embodiment 1
The present embodiment is used for the method for illustrating to prepare non-sticking lining using plasma spraying method.
(1) aluminum pot matrix is pre-processed, wherein pretreated method includes: a) oil removing 8 minutes at a temperature of 55 DEG C；
B) it is cleaned with deionized water；C) 100 DEG C of drying 5min；D) the brown steel sand for using 60-80 mesh, in the Jet Stream pressure of 0.6MPa
Under to aluminum pot matrix surface carry out blasting treatment make 3 μm of its surface roughness Ra, it is then with air-flow that pot body matrix surface is residual
The powder particle stayed is blown clean；E) with the NaOH solution of 40 weight % at 80 DEG C alkali cleaning 1 minute；F) with the nitric acid of 20 weight %
In solution and 3 minutes；G) it after being cleaned with deionized water, is dried 12 minutes at 300 DEG C；
(2) matrix surface that step (1) obtains is preheated to 120 DEG C；
(3) 5kg silicon carbide powder and the modified PFA powder S1 of 10kg are mixed, in 110 DEG C of drying 1h, obtains powder mixing
Mixture of powders is carried out plasma spraying processing by object, to form the non-sticking lining of grey black in matrix surface；Wherein, wait from
The condition of sub- spray treatment includes: that spray distance is 80mm, and spray angle is 80 ° ± 1 °, and powder powder sending quantity is 6g/min, spraying
Voltage is 65V, and spraying current 680A, coating thickness is 180 μm；Main gas is argon gas, auxiliary gas is hydrogen, hydrogen flowing quantity 5L/
Min, argon flow 40L/min.
Embodiment 2
The present embodiment is used for the method for illustrating to prepare non-sticking lining using plasma spraying method.
(1) stainless-steel pan matrix is pre-processed, wherein pretreated method includes: a) oil removing 8 at a temperature of 55 DEG C
Minute；B) it is cleaned with deionized water；C) 100 DEG C of drying 5min；D) the brown steel sand for using 60-80 mesh, in the jet gas of 0.8MPa
Carrying out blasting treatment to stainless-steel pan matrix surface under flowing pressure makes 3 μm of its surface roughness Ra, then with air-flow by pot body
The remaining powder particle of matrix surface is blown clean；E) with the NaOH solution of 40 weight % at 80 DEG C alkali cleaning 1 minute；F) with 20 weights
Measure % nitric acid solution in and 3 minutes；G) it after being cleaned with deionized water, is dried 11 minutes at 375 DEG C；
(2) matrix surface that step (1) obtains is preheated to 100 DEG C；
(3) 50kg silicon carbide powder and the modified PFA powder S2 of 50kg are mixed, in 100 DEG C of drying 1.5h, it is mixed obtains powder
Object is closed, mixture of powders is subjected to plasma spraying processing, to form the non-sticking lining of grey black in matrix surface；Wherein, etc.
The condition of plasma spray processing includes: that spray distance is 70mm, and spray angle is 76 ° ± 1 °, and powder powder sending quantity is 5g/min, spray
Painting voltage is 60V, and spraying current 700A, coating thickness is 150 μm；Main gas is argon gas, auxiliary gas is hydrogen, and hydrogen flowing quantity is
4L/min, argon flow 30L/min.
Embodiment 3
The present embodiment is used for the method for illustrating to prepare non-sticking lining using plasma spraying method.
(1) stainless-steel pan matrix is pre-processed, wherein pretreated method includes: a) oil removing 8 at a temperature of 55 DEG C
Minute；B) it is cleaned with deionized water；C) 100 DEG C of drying 5min；D) the brown steel sand for using 60-80 mesh, in the jet gas of 0.8MPa
Carrying out blasting treatment to stainless-steel pan matrix surface under flowing pressure makes 4 μm of its surface roughness Ra, then with air-flow by pot body
The remaining powder particle of matrix surface is blown clean；E) with the NaOH solution of 40 weight % at 80 DEG C alkali cleaning 1 minute；F) with 20 weights
Measure % nitric acid solution in and 3 minutes；G) it after being cleaned with deionized water, is dried 10 minutes at 450 DEG C；
(2) matrix surface that step (1) obtains is preheated to 150 DEG C；
(3) 20kg silicon carbide powder and the modified PFA powder S3 of 10kg are mixed, in 100 DEG C of drying 1.5h, it is mixed obtains powder
Object is closed, mixture of powders is subjected to plasma spraying processing, to form the non-sticking lining of grey black in matrix surface；Wherein, etc.
The condition of plasma spray processing includes: that spray distance is 90mm, and spray angle is 84 ° ± 1 °, and powder powder sending quantity is 7g/min, spray
Painting voltage is 70V, and spraying current 650A, coating thickness is 250 μm；Main gas is argon gas, auxiliary gas is hydrogen, and hydrogen flowing quantity is
8L/min, argon flow 50L/min.
Embodiment 4
According to the method for embodiment 1, unlike, the modified PFA powder of plasma spraying processing modification PFA powder used
Last S4 is replaced.
Embodiment 5
According to the method for embodiment 1, unlike, the modified PFA powder of plasma spraying processing modification PFA powder used
Last S5 is replaced.
Embodiment 6
According to the method for embodiment 1, unlike, in step (3), mixture of powders is 3kg silicon carbide powder and 10kg
The mixture of modified PFA powder S1.
Embodiment 7
According to the method for embodiment 1, unlike, in step (3), mixture of powders be 10kg silicon carbide powder and
The mixture of the modified PFA powder S1 of 3.3kg.
Embodiment 8
According to the method for embodiment 1, unlike, in step (3), plasma spraying processing modification PFA powder used
It is replaced with modified PTFE powders.
Embodiment 9
According to the method for embodiment 1, unlike, in step (3), plasma spraying processing condition include: spraying away from
From for 50mm, spray angle is 62 ° ± 1 °, and powder powder sending quantity is 4g/min, spray voltage 50V, spraying current 600A, spray
It applies with a thickness of 180 μm；Main gas is argon gas, auxiliary gas is hydrogen, hydrogen flowing quantity 5L/min, argon flow 40L/min.
Comparative example 1
According to the method for embodiment 1, unlike, the PFA powder used is that (its microscopic appearance figure is such as common PFA powder
Shown in Fig. 2), in Plasma Spraying Process Using, common PFA powder can block spray gun, cause powder that cannot send out, and can not be formed
Coating.
Comparative example 2
According to the method for embodiment 1, unlike, the method for non-sticking lining is formed in step (3)-(4) are as follows: using common
PFA powder carries out electrostatic spraying processing, to form PFA non-sticking lining D1 in matrix surface, wherein the condition of electrostatic spraying processing
It include: that powder spray, voltage 35kV are carried out using electrostatic gun, electrostatic induced current is 15 μ A, velocity pressure 0.45MPa, mist
Change pressure is 0.4MPa, and spray-on coating is with a thickness of 40 μm, dry in infra-red furnace after the completion of spraying, dry in 120 DEG C of low-temperature zones
10min keeps the temperature 20min in 400 DEG C of high temperature sections.
Comparative example 3
PTFE non-sticking lining is sprayed using air pressure spraying method, which includes bottom and surface layer；Base oil includes fluorine
Resin, binder, pigment and auxiliary agent, face oil include fluororesin, abrasion resistant particles and coalescing agent.Specific steps include:
(1) aluminum pot matrix is pre-processed according to (1) the step of embodiment 1；
(2) matrix surface that step (1) obtains is preheated to 85 DEG C；
(3) base oil sprays: spray pressure 0.3MPa, and spray angle is 70 °, spray distance 30cm, and thicknesses of layers is
20 μm, drying temperature is 130 DEG C, keeps the temperature 12min；
(4) face oil sprays: spray pressure 0.4MPa, and spray angle is 70 °, and spray distance is 35 μm, and film thickness is 30 μm,
Baking and curing temperature is 420 DEG C, keeps the temperature 15min.
Comparative example 4
Using the ceramic coated non-sticking lining of air pressure spraying method, which includes bottom and surface layer；Base oil includes viscous
Tying agent, pigment and auxiliary agent, face oil includes silica and aluminium oxide.Specific steps include:
(1) aluminum pot matrix is pre-processed according to (1) the step of embodiment 1；
(2) matrix surface that step (1) obtains is preheated to 60 DEG C；
(3) base oil sprays: spray pressure 0.3MPa, and spray angle is 70 °, spray distance 25cm, and thicknesses of layers is
25 μm, predrying temperature is 70 DEG C, keeps the temperature 10min；
(4) face oil sprays: spray pressure 0.3MPa, spray distance 25cm, and spray angle is 70 °, and thicknesses of layers is
10 μm, 280 DEG C of sintering after the completion of spraying keep the temperature 15min.
Test example
1, the rectangular optical instrument in Shanghai (coating surface hardness: is purchased from using Vickers according to GB/T 9790-1988
Co., Ltd, model HX-1000) each coating of measurement Vickers hardness.It the results are shown in Table 1.
2, coating binding force coating binding force: is measured according to G9 8642-88.It the results are shown in Table 1.
3, acid and alkali resistance, salt:
It is acidproof: the acetum that concentration is 5 weight % is added into interior pot at interior pot inner wall maximum scale water level,
Interior pot is put into energization closing lid laser heating in corresponding stew and boils (holding fluidized state) 10 minutes, then 100 DEG C of heat-insulation soakings
24 hours, interior pot is cleaned up after the test, visually inspects coating surface changing condition, the results are shown in Table 2.
It is alkaline-resisting: the sodium hydroxide solution that concentration is 0.5 weight % is added into interior pot until interior pot inner wall maximum scale
At water level, interior pot is put into energization closing lid laser heating in corresponding stew and boils and (keeps fluidized state) 10 minutes, is then protected for 100 DEG C
Temperature is impregnated 24 hours, after the test cleans up interior pot, is visually inspected coating surface changing condition, be the results are shown in Table 2.
Salt tolerant: the sodium chloride solution that concentration is 5 weight % is added into interior pot until interior pot inner wall maximum scale water level
Place, interior pot be put into energization closing lid laser heating in corresponding stew boil 8 hours (every 2 hours amount of makeup water 1 time, liquid level is kept
Position in on-test), it is a cycle that 80 DEG C, which keep the temperature 16 hours, visual inspection coating surface variation after each cycle test
There is the periodicity of the bad phenomenons such as blistering, salient point, the results are shown in Table 2 in situation, record coating.
4, wear resistance and wetability: friction-wear test is carried out according to GB/T 1768-79 (89), measurement and weighing rub
Contact angle (contact angle after respectively original contact angle and friction) and weight before and after wiping wear test, calculate weightless according to formula
Than, wherein weight before rubbing the results are shown in Table 3 to weightless ratio=(weight after weight-friction before rubbing)/.Wherein, test result is aobvious
Show: non-sticking lining of the invention is internal after surface abrasion still to have good wetability, as long as and do not expose matrix, moisten
It is moist to be always maintained at well, PTFE non-sticking lining, ceramic non-stick coating and these three samples of non-sticking lining of the invention are carried out
Friction-wear test, it can be found that: non-sticking lining of the invention will not fall off substantially in process of friction and wear, not influence to use
Performance, and PTFE non-sticking lining and ceramic non-stick coating are sheet intermediate peeling, are differed greatly.
Table 1
| Surface hardness (HV) | Binding force (MPa) | |
| Embodiment 1 | 450 | 44 |
| Embodiment 2 | 480 | 46 |
| Embodiment 3 | 510 | 48 |
| Embodiment 4 | 365 | 34 |
| Embodiment 5 | 375 | 36.5 |
| Embodiment 6 | 400 | 40 |
| Embodiment 7 | 550 | 50 |
| Embodiment 8 | 440 | 43 |
| Embodiment 9 | 395 | 38 |
| Comparative example 1 | -- | -- |
| Comparative example 2 | 60 | 8 |
| Comparative example 3 | 120 | 7 |
| Comparative example 4 | 250 | 3 |
Note: -- expression does not measure, similarly hereinafter.
Table 2
Table 3
| Rubbing number | Weightlessness is than (%) | Original contact angle (°) | Contact angle (°) after friction | |
| Embodiment 1 | 1000 | 1.3 | 122 | 117 |
| Embodiment 1 | 2000 | 2.3 | 122 | 111 |
| Embodiment 1 | 3000 | 3.2 | 122 | 107 |
| Embodiment 2 | 1000 | 1.5 | 110 | 105 |
| Embodiment 3 | 1000 | 1.4 | 106 | 100 |
| Embodiment 4 | 1000 | 2.1 | 108 | 95 |
| Embodiment 5 | 1000 | 2.3 | 109 | 94 |
| Embodiment 6 | 1000 | 1.8 | 129 | 119 |
| Embodiment 7 | 1000 | 1.9 | 103 | 92 |
| Embodiment 8 | 1000 | 1.4 | 121 | 115 |
| Embodiment 9 | 1000 | 2.5 | 114 | 100 |
| Comparative example 1 | -- | -- | -- | -- |
| Comparative example 2 | 1000 | 6.0 | 125 | 90 |
| Comparative example 3 | 1000 | 8.9 | 121 | 87 |
| Comparative example 4 | 1000 | 4.8 | 110 | 78 |
It can be seen that the method for the invention that non-sticking lining is prepared using plasma spraying technology by the result of table 1-3
In, one layer can be sprayed in matrix surface using the mixture of specific modified fluorin resin powder and silicon carbide powder have excellent performance
Grey black non-sticking lining, and obtained non-sticking lining has surface hardness height, coating binding force height, corrosion resistance and good, resistance to
The advantages that scratch performance is good, wetability is good, long service life.
Wherein, by embodiment 1 compared with the result of embodiment 4-5 it is found that when the partial size D50 of modified fluorin resin powder is
45-60 μm, the sphericity of the powder of 80 or more % is that 90-99% can be further increased not when mobility is 10-20s/50g
Surface hardness, coating binding force, corrosion resistance, scraping and wiping resistance performance, wetability and the service life of adhesive coating layer.
Wherein, by embodiment 1 compared with the result of embodiment 9 it is found that under specific plasma spraying treatment conditions, energy
Enough further increase surface hardness, coating binding force, corrosion resistance, scraping and wiping resistance performance, wetability and the use of non-sticking lining
Service life.
The preferred embodiment of the present invention has been described above in detail, and still, the present invention is not limited thereto.In skill of the invention
In art conception range, can with various simple variants of the technical solution of the present invention are made, including each technical characteristic with it is any its
Its suitable method is combined, and it should also be regarded as the disclosure of the present invention for these simple variants and combination, is belonged to
Protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. a kind of method for preparing non-sticking lining, which is characterized in that this method comprises:
(1) matrix is pre-processed；
(2) matrix surface for obtaining step (1) carries out the pre-heat treatment；
(3) silicon carbide powder and fluororesin powder are mixed, obtains mixture of powders, the mixture of powders is subjected to plasma
Spray treatment, to form non-sticking lining in matrix surface.
2. according to the method described in claim 1, wherein, the fluororesin powder is modified fluorin resin powder, the modified fluorine
The partial size D50 of toner is 20-100 μm, preferably 40-100 μm, further preferably 45-60 μm；And/or
The sphericity of 80% or more preferably 90% or more the modified fluorin resin powder is not less than 70%, preferably 70-99%,
Further preferably 90-99%；And/or
The mobility of the modified fluorin resin powder is less than 30s/50g, preferably 10-25s/50g, further preferably 10-
20s/50g；And/or
The purity of the modified fluorin resin powder is 95.5%-99.99%, preferably 99-99.99%；
Preferably, the modified fluorin resin powder is modified PFA powder and/or modified PTFE powders.
3. according to the method described in claim 2, wherein, the modified fluorin resin powder is prepared by method comprising the following steps
It obtains:
(a) fluororesin powder, binder, lubricant and water are mixed, prepares slurry；
(b) slurry is subjected to spray drying treatment；
Preferably, in step (a), on the basis of the weight of slurry, the content of fluororesin powder is 30-60 weight %, further
Preferably 38-55 weight %；The content of binder is 0.2-2 weight %, further preferably 0.2-0.5 weight %；Lubricant
Content be 0.5-3 weight %, further preferably 1-3 weight %；The content of water is 35-68 weight %, further preferably
42-60 weight %；
Preferably, in step (b), the mode of the spray drying treatment is dry for aerodynamic atomization, the aerodynamic atomization drying
Condition includes: that atomizing pressure is 0.3-0.6MPa, further preferably 0.3-0.5MPa；Atomization air flow flow is 1-4m3/ h, into
One step is preferably 1-3m3/h；Inlet temperature is 200-400 DEG C, further preferably 300-350 DEG C；Air outlet temperature is 50-
200 DEG C, further preferably 50-150 DEG C.
4. method described in any one of -3 according to claim 1, wherein in step (2), matrix that step (1) is obtained
Surface is preheated to 80-150 DEG C.
5. method described in any one of -4 according to claim 1, wherein in step (3), the partial size of the silicon carbide powder
D50 is 10-40 μm, and the sphericity of 90% or more the silicon carbide powder is 70-100%, the flowing of the silicon carbide powder
Property is 10-30s/50g.
6. method described in any one of -5 according to claim 1, wherein in step (3), in mixture of powders, fluororesin
The weight ratio of powder and silicon carbide powder is 1:0.3-3, preferably 1:0.5-2.
7. method described in any one of -6 according to claim 1, wherein in step (3), the plasma spraying processing
Condition includes: that spray distance is 50-120mm, preferably 70-90mm；Spray angle is 60-90 °, preferably 75-85 °；Powder
Powder sending quantity is 3.5-10g/min, preferably 5-7g/min；Spray voltage is 50-75V, preferably 60-70V；Spraying current is
600-720A, preferably 650-700A；Coating thickness is 30-400 μm, preferably 50-300 μm.
8. the non-sticking lining that any one of claim 1-7 the method is prepared.
9. a kind of cookware, which is characterized in that the cookware includes matrix and the non-sticking lining that is formed on matrix, the non-sticking lining
Mixed layer including silicon carbide and fluororesin；
Preferably, the fluororesin is PFA and/or PTFE；
Preferably, in non-sticking lining, the weight ratio of fluororesin and silicon carbide is 1:0.3-3, further preferably 1:0.5-2；
Preferably, described matrix with a thickness of 0.5-6mm；
Preferably, the non-sticking lining is 30-400 μm, and further preferably 50-300 μm, be still more preferably 150-300 μ
m；
Preferably, the non-sticking lining is non-sticking lining according to any one of claims 8.
The equipment 10. one kind is cooked, which is characterized in that the equipment of cooking includes cookware as claimed in claim 9；
Preferably, the equipment of cooking is frying pan, frying pan, air fryer, baking machine, bread producing machine, electric cooker, electric pressure cooking saucepan or beans
Pulp grinder.
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| CN110338634A (en) * | 2019-07-17 | 2019-10-18 | 应黎达 | A kind of non-stick pan and its processing technology with stereoscopic effect |
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| CN112006546A (en) * | 2020-07-08 | 2020-12-01 | 河北三厦厨具科技有限公司 | Preparation method of non-stick coating, pot and manufacturing method thereof |
| CN112337773A (en) * | 2019-08-09 | 2021-02-09 | 佛山市顺德区美的电热电器制造有限公司 | Composite non-stick coating and preparation method thereof, cookware and cooking utensil |
| CN114308574A (en) * | 2021-12-23 | 2022-04-12 | 清华大学 | Coating for non-stick pan, preparation method of coating, composite layer for non-stick pan and non-stick pan |
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| CN111716603A (en) * | 2020-06-23 | 2020-09-29 | 青岛科技大学 | Preparation method of powdered fluororesin anti-sticking coating rubber mold |
| CN112006546A (en) * | 2020-07-08 | 2020-12-01 | 河北三厦厨具科技有限公司 | Preparation method of non-stick coating, pot and manufacturing method thereof |
| CN114308574A (en) * | 2021-12-23 | 2022-04-12 | 清华大学 | Coating for non-stick pan, preparation method of coating, composite layer for non-stick pan and non-stick pan |
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