CN208690353U - 电池箱 - Google Patents

电池箱 Download PDF

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CN208690353U
CN208690353U CN201821544482.7U CN201821544482U CN208690353U CN 208690353 U CN208690353 U CN 208690353U CN 201821544482 U CN201821544482 U CN 201821544482U CN 208690353 U CN208690353 U CN 208690353U
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layer
battery modules
protector
battery case
battery
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杜杰
马林
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Contemporary Amperex Technology Co Ltd
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    • HELECTRICITY
    • H01ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01MPROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M10/00Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
    • H01M10/60Heating or cooling; Temperature control
    • H01M10/65Means for temperature control structurally associated with the cells
    • H01M10/658Means for temperature control structurally associated with the cells by thermal insulation or shielding
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H01ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01MPROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M50/00Constructional details or processes of manufacture of the non-active parts of electrochemical cells other than fuel cells, e.g. hybrid cells
    • H01M50/10Primary casings; Jackets or wrappings
    • H01M50/116Primary casings; Jackets or wrappings characterised by the material
    • H01M50/124Primary casings; Jackets or wrappings characterised by the material having a layered structure
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H01ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01MPROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M50/00Constructional details or processes of manufacture of the non-active parts of electrochemical cells other than fuel cells, e.g. hybrid cells
    • H01M50/20Mountings; Secondary casings or frames; Racks, modules or packs; Suspension devices; Shock absorbers; Transport or carrying devices; Holders
    • H01M50/204Racks, modules or packs for multiple batteries or multiple cells
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H01ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01MPROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M50/00Constructional details or processes of manufacture of the non-active parts of electrochemical cells other than fuel cells, e.g. hybrid cells
    • H01M50/20Mountings; Secondary casings or frames; Racks, modules or packs; Suspension devices; Shock absorbers; Transport or carrying devices; Holders
    • H01M50/218Mountings; Secondary casings or frames; Racks, modules or packs; Suspension devices; Shock absorbers; Transport or carrying devices; Holders characterised by the material
    • H01M50/22Mountings; Secondary casings or frames; Racks, modules or packs; Suspension devices; Shock absorbers; Transport or carrying devices; Holders characterised by the material of the casings or racks
    • H01M50/222Inorganic material
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H01ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01MPROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M50/00Constructional details or processes of manufacture of the non-active parts of electrochemical cells other than fuel cells, e.g. hybrid cells
    • H01M50/20Mountings; Secondary casings or frames; Racks, modules or packs; Suspension devices; Shock absorbers; Transport or carrying devices; Holders
    • H01M50/218Mountings; Secondary casings or frames; Racks, modules or packs; Suspension devices; Shock absorbers; Transport or carrying devices; Holders characterised by the material
    • H01M50/22Mountings; Secondary casings or frames; Racks, modules or packs; Suspension devices; Shock absorbers; Transport or carrying devices; Holders characterised by the material of the casings or racks
    • H01M50/227Organic material
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H01ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01MPROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M50/00Constructional details or processes of manufacture of the non-active parts of electrochemical cells other than fuel cells, e.g. hybrid cells
    • H01M50/20Mountings; Secondary casings or frames; Racks, modules or packs; Suspension devices; Shock absorbers; Transport or carrying devices; Holders
    • H01M50/218Mountings; Secondary casings or frames; Racks, modules or packs; Suspension devices; Shock absorbers; Transport or carrying devices; Holders characterised by the material
    • H01M50/22Mountings; Secondary casings or frames; Racks, modules or packs; Suspension devices; Shock absorbers; Transport or carrying devices; Holders characterised by the material of the casings or racks
    • H01M50/229Composite material consisting of a mixture of organic and inorganic materials
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H01ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01MPROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M50/00Constructional details or processes of manufacture of the non-active parts of electrochemical cells other than fuel cells, e.g. hybrid cells
    • H01M50/20Mountings; Secondary casings or frames; Racks, modules or packs; Suspension devices; Shock absorbers; Transport or carrying devices; Holders
    • H01M50/218Mountings; Secondary casings or frames; Racks, modules or packs; Suspension devices; Shock absorbers; Transport or carrying devices; Holders characterised by the material
    • H01M50/22Mountings; Secondary casings or frames; Racks, modules or packs; Suspension devices; Shock absorbers; Transport or carrying devices; Holders characterised by the material of the casings or racks
    • H01M50/231Mountings; Secondary casings or frames; Racks, modules or packs; Suspension devices; Shock absorbers; Transport or carrying devices; Holders characterised by the material of the casings or racks having a layered structure
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H01ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01MPROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M50/00Constructional details or processes of manufacture of the non-active parts of electrochemical cells other than fuel cells, e.g. hybrid cells
    • H01M50/20Mountings; Secondary casings or frames; Racks, modules or packs; Suspension devices; Shock absorbers; Transport or carrying devices; Holders
    • H01M50/233Mountings; Secondary casings or frames; Racks, modules or packs; Suspension devices; Shock absorbers; Transport or carrying devices; Holders characterised by physical properties of casings or racks, e.g. dimensions
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H01ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01MPROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M50/00Constructional details or processes of manufacture of the non-active parts of electrochemical cells other than fuel cells, e.g. hybrid cells
    • H01M50/20Mountings; Secondary casings or frames; Racks, modules or packs; Suspension devices; Shock absorbers; Transport or carrying devices; Holders
    • H01M50/233Mountings; Secondary casings or frames; Racks, modules or packs; Suspension devices; Shock absorbers; Transport or carrying devices; Holders characterised by physical properties of casings or racks, e.g. dimensions
    • H01M50/24Mountings; Secondary casings or frames; Racks, modules or packs; Suspension devices; Shock absorbers; Transport or carrying devices; Holders characterised by physical properties of casings or racks, e.g. dimensions adapted for protecting batteries from their environment, e.g. from corrosion
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H01ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01MPROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M50/00Constructional details or processes of manufacture of the non-active parts of electrochemical cells other than fuel cells, e.g. hybrid cells
    • H01M50/20Mountings; Secondary casings or frames; Racks, modules or packs; Suspension devices; Shock absorbers; Transport or carrying devices; Holders
    • H01M50/271Lids or covers for the racks or secondary casings
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H01ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01MPROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M2200/00Safety devices for primary or secondary batteries
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H01ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01MPROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M2220/00Batteries for particular applications
    • H01M2220/20Batteries in motive systems, e.g. vehicle, ship, plane
    • YGENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02EREDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E60/00Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
    • Y02E60/10Energy storage using batteries

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Abstract

本实用新型提供了一种电池箱,其包括:下箱体;上箱体,盖合于下箱体;电池模组,收容在下箱体与上箱体中;以及防护件,位于电池模组的上方并至少覆盖电池模组的上表面以防止电池模组上方的上箱体意外燃烧时形成的高温滴落物滴落到电池模组上。本实用新型的电池箱的防护件的设置有效地阻隔了电池箱的上箱体意外燃烧时形成的高温滴落物滴落到电池模组上,降低了电池模组起火爆炸的风险。

Description

电池箱
技术领域
本实用新型涉及电池领域,尤其涉及一种电池箱。
背景技术
目前,电动汽车主要使用电池模组提供的高电压来作为动力能源。在使用过程中,当电池模组的二次电池受到短路、高温等因素的影响时,二次电池内部容易产生高压气体,进而容易引起热失控,从而造成燃烧、爆炸等事故。
通常在电动汽车中,电池模组需要置于电池箱中,而电池箱的上箱体通常由LFT(长纤维增强热塑性材料)复合材料、吸塑PP(聚丙烯)、超薄铝合金制成,但是这些上箱体组成的电池箱在面临外部火烧时,上箱体会燃烧熔化且燃烧熔化形成的高温滴落物会滴落在电池模组的二次电池上,由此高温滴落物可能会引起二次电池起火爆炸的风险。
实用新型内容
鉴于背景技术中存在的问题,本实用新型的目的在于提供一种电池箱,其能够阻隔电池箱的上箱体意外燃烧时形成的高温滴落物滴落到电池模组上,降低电池模组起火爆炸的风险。
为了实现上述目的,本实用新型提供了一种电池箱,其包括:下箱体;上箱体,盖合于下箱体;电池模组,收容在下箱体与上箱体中;以及防护件,位于电池模组的上方并至少覆盖电池模组的上表面以防止电池模组上方的上箱体意外燃烧时形成的高温滴落物滴落到电池模组上。
在一实施例中,防护件包括支撑层和耐火防护层。
在一实施例中,支撑层和耐火防护层分别设置为一层,且耐火防护层面向上箱体,支撑层位于耐火防护层和电池模组之间并固定于电池模组上。
在一实施例中,耐火防护层为云母层。
在一实施例中,耐火防护层为陶瓷化硅橡胶层。
在一实施例中,支撑层为纤维布层。
在一实施例中,防护件还包括将耐火防护层与支撑层粘接在一起的胶。
在一实施例中,防护件的厚度为0.13mm-0.18mm;支撑层的厚度为0.02mm-0.05mm;胶的厚度为0.01mm-0.02mm。
在一实施例中,防护件还覆盖电池模组的至少部分侧面。
在一实施例中,防护件还延伸到电池模组的侧面并形成环形的封闭的收容槽。
本实用新型的有益效果如下:本实用新型的电池箱的防护件的设置有效地阻隔了电池箱的上箱体意外燃烧时形成的高温滴落物滴落到电池模组上,降低了电池模组起火爆炸的风险。
附图说明
图1是根据本实用新型的电池箱的一实施例的示意图。
图2是根据本实用新型的电池箱的另一实施例的示意图。
图3是防护件的结构放大图。
其中,附图标记说明如下:
1下箱体 41支撑层
2上箱体 42耐火防护层
3电池模组 43收容槽
31二次电池 5防爆阀
32绝缘上盖 6固定螺栓
4防护件
具体实施方式
附图示出本实用新型的实施例,且将理解的是,所公开的实施例仅仅是本实用新型的示例,本实用新型可以以各种形式实施,因此,本文公开的具体细节不应被解释为限制,而是仅作为权利要求的基础且作为表示性的基础用于教导本领域普通技术人员以各种方式实施本实用新型。
图1是根据本实用新型的电池箱的一实施例的示意图。图2是根据本实用新型的电池箱的另一实施例的示意图。
根据本实用新型的电池箱包括:下箱体1、上箱体2、电池模组3以及防护件4。电池箱还包括防爆阀5和固定螺栓6。
上箱体2盖合于下箱体1。下箱体1的材质为金属,优选地,为铝合金。上箱体2的材质可为铝合金、LFT(长纤维增强热塑性材料)复合材料或聚丙烯。
电池模组3收容在下箱体1与上箱体2中。电池模组3包括:多个二次电池31;以及绝缘上盖32,固定于多个二次电池31的上方。绝缘上盖32的材质通常为塑料。
防护件4位于电池模组3的上方并至少覆盖电池模组3的上表面以防止电池模组3上方的上箱体2意外燃烧时形成的高温滴落物滴落到电池模组3上。
防爆阀5可设置于下箱体1的侧面,当然并不限于此,还可设置于上箱体2的侧面,可根据具体情况进行位置的设定。
固定螺栓6将上箱体2与下箱体1固定在一起。
当电池箱外部火烧时,上箱体2会燃烧熔化并形成高温滴落物,如果高温滴落物直接滴落到下方的电池模组3的绝缘上盖32上,绝缘上盖32将会被烧穿,从而可能导致绝缘上盖32下方的二次电池31短路并起火爆炸,而在本实用新型的电池箱中,防护件4设置于电池模组3的上方并至少覆盖电池模组3的整个上表面,防护件4具有耐高温耐火性能,有效地阻隔了电池箱的上箱体2意外燃烧时形成的高温滴落物滴落到电池模组3的绝缘上盖32上,避免了高温滴落物烧穿绝缘上盖32而接触二次电池31,进而降低了电池模组3起火爆炸的风险,增强了电池箱的防火功能。
图3是防护件的结构放大图。
防护件4包括支撑层41和耐火防护层42。支撑层41和耐火防护层42在防护件4的厚度方向上结合的顺序可以依据实际需要来确定,例如面向上箱体2的可以是耐火防护层42、也可以是支撑层41,面向电池模组3的可以是支撑层41、也可以是耐火防护层42,这依据支撑层41和耐火防护层42设置的层数、在防护件4的厚度方向上结合的顺序来确定。防护件4还可形成收容槽43。
支撑层41和耐火防护层42分别设置为至少一层。
防护件4的支撑层41和耐火防护层42有多种结合方式,优选地,在一实施例中,如图3所示,支撑层41和耐火防护层42分别设置为一层,且耐火防护层42面向上箱体2,支撑层41位于耐火防护层42和电池模组3之间并固定于电池模组3上。
当然不限于此,还有其它的结合方式,即,在另一实施例中,支撑层41设置为两层,耐火防护层42设置为一层,耐火防护层42位于两层支撑层41之间。
在再一实施例中,支撑层41设置为一层,耐火防护层42设置为两层,支撑层41位于两层耐火防护层42之间。
在还一实施例中,耐火防护层42和支撑层41均设置为两层,且二者沿厚度方向依次交替布置。
在上述多种实施例中,在保证防火性能的基础上,为了降低电池箱的整体重量,提高电池箱的能量密度,耐火防护层42和支撑层41分别设置为一层。
支撑层41为纤维布层。具体地,纤维布层的材料选自玻纤、碳纤、芳纶纤维中的一种。优选地,纤维布层的材料为玻纤布。
耐火防护层42可为云母层。优选地,云母层为金云母层。金云母层包括层叠在一起的多张云母纸以及将相邻两张云母纸粘接在一起的胶(未示出)。胶选自甲基苯基硅树脂或丙烯酸胶。甲基苯基硅树脂或丙烯酸胶为软质胶,一方面能保证云母纸之间的结构整体性,另一方面保证防护件4能够任意折叠且相邻云母纸之间不分离开。由于云母纸强度低且较脆,纤维布层为云母纸提供足够的抗撕裂强度,使得云母纸能够抵抗高温滴落物的重力冲击,进而有效地提供防火性能。
耐火防护层42还可为陶瓷化硅橡胶层。云母层或陶瓷化硅橡胶层具有耐高温的性能,能够避免被高温滴落物烧穿,进而有效地阻隔高温滴落物烧穿电池模组3的绝缘上盖32而引起二次电池31起火爆炸的风险。
需要注意的是,支撑层41和耐火防护层42的结合方式以及具体材质组合可根据最佳的防火测试结果来选择,从而实现最佳的防火效果。
防护件4的材质相对于现有技术中的加入到箱体(上箱体2和下箱体1)内的防火隔热布而言,重量轻,且成本低。
防护件4还包括将耐火防护层42与支撑层41粘接在一起的胶(未示出)。胶选自甲基苯基硅树脂或丙烯酸胶。甲基苯基硅树脂或丙烯酸胶为软质胶,保证防护件4能够任意折叠且耐火防护层42与支撑层41不分离开。耐火防护层42、胶、支撑层41经由压制形成防护件4。
防护件4的厚度为0.13mm-0.18mm,优选0.15mm。支撑层41的厚度为0.02mm-0.05mm,优选0.04mm。将耐火防护层42与支撑层41粘接在一起的胶的厚度为0.01mm-0.02mm。防护件4的厚度控制在一定范围内,能够有效降低电池箱的整体重量,提高电池箱的能量密度,实现电池箱的轻量化。
在一实施例中,防护件4还覆盖电池模组3的至少部分侧面。优选地,防护件4还覆盖电池模组3的整个侧面,从而当高温滴落物滴落到防护件4的覆盖电池模组3上方的部分并从防护件4的两侧流下时,防护件4能够避免电池模组3的侧面接触高温滴落物,提高了电池模组3的安全性。
在另一实施例中,如图2所示,防护件4还延伸到电池模组3的侧面并形成环形的封闭的前述收容槽43,收容槽43的内侧为耐火防护层42。当高温滴落物滴落到防护件4的覆盖电池模组3上方的部分并从防护件4的两侧流下时,收容槽43能够接收高温滴落物,防止高温滴落物接触电池模组3的侧面而损伤电池模组3。
上面详细的说明描述多个示范性实施例,但本文不意欲限制到明确公开的组合。因此,除非另有说明,本文所公开的各种特征可以组合在一起而形成出于简明目的而未示出的多个另外组合。

Claims (10)

1.一种电池箱,其特征在于,包括:
下箱体(1);
上箱体(2),盖合于下箱体(1);
电池模组(3),收容在下箱体(1)与上箱体(2)中;以及
防护件(4),位于电池模组(3)的上方并至少覆盖电池模组(3)的上表面以防止电池模组(3)上方的上箱体(2)意外燃烧时形成的高温滴落物滴落到电池模组(3)上。
2.根据权利要求1所述的电池箱,其特征在于,
防护件(4)包括支撑层(41)和耐火防护层(42)。
3.根据权利要求2所述的电池箱,其特征在于,支撑层(41)和耐火防护层(42)分别设置为一层,且耐火防护层(42)面向上箱体(2),支撑层(41)位于耐火防护层(42)和电池模组(3)之间并固定于电池模组(3)上。
4.根据权利要求2所述的电池箱,其特征在于,耐火防护层(42)为云母层。
5.根据权利要求2所述的电池箱,其特征在于,耐火防护层(42)为陶瓷化硅橡胶层。
6.根据权利要求2所述的电池箱,其特征在于,支撑层(41)为纤维布层。
7.根据权利要求2所述的电池箱,其特征在于,防护件(4)还包括将耐火防护层(42)与支撑层(41)粘接在一起的胶。
8.根据权利要求7所述的电池箱,其特征在于,防护件(4)的厚度为0.13mm-0.18mm;支撑层(41)的厚度为0.02mm-0.05mm;胶的厚度为0.01mm-0.02mm。
9.根据权利要求1所述的电池箱,其特征在于,防护件(4)还覆盖电池模组(3)的至少部分侧面。
10.根据权利要求2所述的电池箱,其特征在于,防护件(4)还延伸到电池模组(3)的侧面并形成环形的封闭的收容槽(43)。
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