CN208621235U - A kind of two-dimensional ultrasonic wind energy power density measuring apparatus based on time difference method - Google Patents

A kind of two-dimensional ultrasonic wind energy power density measuring apparatus based on time difference method Download PDF

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Publication number
CN208621235U
CN208621235U CN201821338659.8U CN201821338659U CN208621235U CN 208621235 U CN208621235 U CN 208621235U CN 201821338659 U CN201821338659 U CN 201821338659U CN 208621235 U CN208621235 U CN 208621235U
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ultrasonic
wind energy
time difference
wind
difference method
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韦杰
戴巨川
樊润鸿
袁承志
王兴华
邵凡
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Hunan University of Science and Technology
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Hunan University of Science and Technology
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Abstract

The utility model discloses a kind of two-dimensional ultrasonic wind energy power density measuring apparatus based on time difference method, including test device, display device and fixation measuring device, test device includes tester Casing supports, tester Casing supports top is equipped with connection column, reflecting surface is installed at the top of connection column, tester Casing supports top is provided with 4 ultrasonic sensor modules;Tester Casing supports lower part is equipped with Temperature Humidity Sensor and barometric pressure sensor, and test device bottom is connected and fixed measuring device, data acquisition and Transmission system are equipped with inside the tester Casing supports.The utility model obtains wind speed information using the time difference method in ultrasonic wave measuring principle, and can be derived that wind direction information, measures without using mechanical wind transducer.Fixation measuring device may be implemented more landform and adapt to and measure for a long time, provide convenience and accurate testing tool for Wind Power Generation personnel.

Description

A kind of two-dimensional ultrasonic wind energy power density measuring apparatus based on time difference method
Technical field
The utility model discloses a wind energy power density measuring apparatus, in particular to a kind of two dimension based on time difference method is super Sound wave wind energy power density measuring apparatus.
Background technique
Wind is a kind of extremely universal natural phenomena.Wind power generation is that the main of wind energy most has using form, and future One of renewable energy technologies of future.Wind energy has many advantages, such as that resourceful, economic competitiveness is strong, low in the pollution of the environment.Reinforce The development of wind power generation industry has become many countries and pushes energy Transformation Development and cope with the common recognition of Global climate change.According to tune Display is looked into, wind-powered electricity generation and water power are two low-carbon energies of wherein most potential raising Chinese Energy Safety.According to State Statistics Bureau Data, China Wind Power generated energy in 2017 is 2695.4 hundred million kilowatt hours, increases by 21.4% on a year-on-year basis;China Wind Power power generation in 2016 Amount is 2113.2 hundred million kilowatt hours, increases by 19% on a year-on-year basis.As in current renewable energy technologies, wind-power electricity generation relative maturity is simultaneously same When have a kind of clean energy resource of commercial development and large-scale development, the development of the Land use systems and generation technology of wind energy by It more and more pays close attention in the world.
China's wind energy exploitable deposit is about hundred million kW of 7-12, has very big potentiality.How more preferable exploitation wind energy just produces As soon as the problems such as ground is using wind energy, how many available wind energy of wind power plant, this needs to assess wind power plant wind energy.Wind energy money Source assessment is to develop the premise of wind energy, it opens wind farm siting, Wind turbines design, power grid planning and construction and wind energy resources Hair utilizes and decision-making management is all particularly significant.Wind energy power density contains the shadow of wind speed, wind probability distribution and atmospheric density It rings, is the overall target for measuring a wind power plant wind energy resources.The measurement of wind energy power density has wind power plant exploitation wind energy Important meaning.
But relevant tester is mainly wind-cup type wind speed tester and the test of propeller type wind speed currently on the market Instrument.Both this cannot integrate the Development volue because usually assessing a wind power plant such as wind speed, atmospheric pressure, temperature and humidity of wind power plant. There is also following disadvantages: (1) there are component rotations for tradition machinery formula anemobiagraph, are easy to produce abrasion;(2) in bad weather, such as: It is measured under sand and dust, salt fog, frost, there are relatively large deviations for measured value;(3) due to the presence of friction, mechanical anemometer has Threshold wind velocity.Since tradition machinery formula anemobiagraph can not directly obtain the wind energy power density of wind power plant, so current test Instrument is unfavorable for reflecting whether a place has the economic value for building wind power plant.
Summary of the invention
In order to solve the above-mentioned technical problem, the utility model provides that a kind of structure is simple, measurement accuracy is high, applied widely The two-dimensional ultrasonic wind energy power density measuring apparatus based on time difference method.
The technical solution that the utility model solves the above problems is: a kind of two-dimensional ultrasonic wind energy power based on time difference method Density tester, including test device, display device and fixation measuring device, test device include tester Casing supports, are surveyed Examination instrument Casing supports top is equipped with connection column, is equipped with reflecting surface, tester Casing supports top edge at the top of connection column Connection column is circumferentially provided with 4 ultrasonic sensor modules for receiving with sending integral type;Tester Casing supports lower part is set There are Temperature Humidity Sensor and barometric pressure sensor, tester Casing supports lower side is equipped with for connecting display device connection Bus interface I, test device bottom is connected and fixed measuring device, be equipped with inside the tester Casing supports data acquisition and Transmission system, the data acquisition and Transmission system include central processing module, power module, and power module is that entire data are adopted Collection and Transmission system provide working power, the ultrasonic sensor modules, Temperature Humidity Sensor, barometric pressure sensor letter Number output end is connected with central processing module, and central processing module is connected by bus interface I with display device, central processing mould Block is connected by Ethernet interface with terminal.
The above-mentioned two-dimensional ultrasonic wind energy power density measuring apparatus based on time difference method, the central processing module use model For the single-chip microcontroller of STC89C52, the external reset circuit of REST pin of single-chip microcontroller;The external crystal oscillator electricity of the X2 and X1 pin of single-chip microcontroller Road;The GND and VCC pin of single-chip microcontroller connect power module respectively;The P10-P17 pin of single-chip microcontroller connects display device;Single-chip microcontroller P20-P27 pin connect with ultrasonic sensor modules, barometric pressure sensor, Temperature Humidity Sensor.
The above-mentioned two-dimensional ultrasonic wind energy power density measuring apparatus based on time difference method, the ultrasonic sensor modules include Ultrasonic wave transmitting module and ultrasonic wave receiving module, the ultrasonic wave transmitting module include the impulse generator being sequentially connected in series, drive Dynamic circuit and ultrasonic transducer, ultrasonic transducer issue acoustic signals, and the ultrasonic wave receiving module includes that ultrasonic wave connects Device and signal conditioning circuit are received, the ultrasonic receiver receives the acoustic signals that ultrasonic transducer issues, and is sent into signal In conditioning circuit, the output end of signal conditioning circuit is connected with single-chip microcontroller.
The above-mentioned two-dimensional ultrasonic wind energy power density measuring apparatus based on time difference method, the display device are divided into upper case And lower case, upper case be equipped with liquid crystal display and function button, function button include power switch button, reset by Key, data keep key, backlight regulating key, AC/DC power supply key, maximum value display button, minimum value display button;Under Portion's shell is equipped with battery module;Display device side is equipped with bus interface II, exchange electrical outlet and Ethernet interface.
The above-mentioned two-dimensional ultrasonic wind energy power density measuring apparatus based on time difference method, the fixation measuring device include support Platform, the saddle are equipped with the threaded connection slot for cooperating with test device bottom connection screw thread, the saddle lower part setting There is telescopic rod, the telescopic rod bottom is provided with connecting column, and the connecting column is articulated and connected by connecting rod and support foot rest;Institute It states connection column bottom and is equipped with fixed slotting cone.
The above-mentioned two-dimensional ultrasonic wind energy power density measuring apparatus based on time difference method, 4 ultrasonic sensor modules It is distributed in all directions four direction of connection column, the line across of 4 ultrasonic sensor modules, and east-west direction The distance between the distance between two ultrasonic sensor modules two ultrasonic sensor modules of North and South direction phase Deng.
The utility model has the beneficial effects that:
1, the utility model by 4 ultrasonic sensor modules be distributed in connection column all directions four direction, 4 The line across of ultrasonic sensor modules, and the distance between two ultrasonic sensor modules of east-west direction and south The north to the distance between two ultrasonic sensor modules it is equal, utilize the time difference method in ultrasonic wave measuring principle to obtain wind Fast information, and can be derived that wind direction information, it is measured without using mechanical wind transducer.
2, the utility model is the lower dual-purpose type tester of easy to carry, easy to operate and power consumption, with no starting The advantages of wind speed, no mechanical loss, measurement accuracy are high, measurement range is big, long service life, it can be in the item of rather harsh It is measured under part, such as low temperature, humidity, sandstone environment, and is able to maintain its measurement accuracy and energy efficiency;With compact-sized, small Skilful feature is easy to heat, and has lightning protection.
3, the utility model can obtain the wind energy function of assessment wind power plant wind energy resources index directly in liquid crystal display Rate density and every environmental parameter avoid tester in test site traditional type anemometer and acquire every environmental parameter Afterwards, then by computer wind energy power density is calculated, improves the working efficiency of Evaluation of Wind Energy Resources.
4, fixation measuring device may be implemented more landform adaptations and measure for a long time in the present apparatus, mention for Wind Power Generation personnel Convenient and accurate testing tool is supplied.
Detailed description of the invention
Fig. 1 is the external structure schematic diagram of the utility model.
Fig. 2 is the structural schematic diagram of test device in Fig. 1.
Fig. 3 is the main view of the utility model display device.
Fig. 4 is the left view of Fig. 3.
Fig. 5 is the rearview of Fig. 3.
Fig. 6 is the stereoscopic schematic diagram that the utility model fixation measuring device opens support form.
Fig. 7 is the stereoscopic schematic diagram that the utility model fixation measuring device collapses perpendicular slotting form.
Fig. 8 is the connection figure of data acquisition and Transmission system.
Fig. 9 is the circuit diagram of the utility model central processing module.
Figure 10 is the circuit diagram of the utility model ultrasonic wave transmitting module.
Figure 11 is the circuit diagram of the utility model ultrasonic wave receiving module.
Figure 12 is the ultrasonic sensor measuring principle figure of the utility model.
Figure 13 is the wind speed and direction measuring principle figure of the utility model.
Specific embodiment
The utility model is further described with reference to the accompanying drawings and examples.
As shown in Figure 1 and Figure 2, a kind of two-dimensional ultrasonic wind energy power density measuring apparatus based on time difference method, including test dress Set Q1, display device and fixation measuring device Q2, test device Q1 include tester Casing supports 1, on tester Casing supports 1 Portion is equipped with connection column 3, connects and is equipped with reflecting surface 4 at the top of column 3,1 top of tester Casing supports was along connection column 3 weeks To 4 ultrasonic sensor modules 2 for receiving with sending integral type are provided with, 4 ultrasonic sensor modules 2 are distributed in Connect all directions four direction of column 3, the line across of 4 ultrasonic sensor modules 2, and the two of east-west direction The distance between a ultrasonic sensor modules are equal with the distance between two ultrasonic sensor modules of North and South direction;It surveys It tries 1 lower part of instrument Casing supports and is equipped with Temperature Humidity Sensor 6 and barometric pressure sensor 5,1 lower side of tester Casing supports is set There is the bus interface I 7 for connecting display device connection, the bottom test device Q1 is connected and fixed measuring device Q2.
As in Figure 3-5, the display device is divided into upper case 10 and lower case 22, and upper case 10 is equipped with liquid crystal Display screen 11 and function button, function button include power switch button 12, reset key 13, data holding key 14, backlight Regulating key 15, AC/DC power supply key 16, maximum value display button 17, minimum value display button 18;Lower case 22 is equipped with Battery module 23;Display device side is equipped with bus interface II 21, exchange electrical outlet 20 and Ethernet interface 19.Display dress Set be using between liquid crystal display 11 and single-chip microcontroller data transmit, the digital signal obtained after single-chip microcontroller is handled export to On liquid crystal display 11, thus obtain wind speed, atmospheric pressure, temperature, humidity and wind energy power density measured value.
As shown in fig. 6-7, the fixation measuring device Q2 includes saddle 24, and the saddle 24 is equipped with for filling with test The threaded connection slot 30 that the connection screw thread 8 of 9 bottom of coupling part of Q1 cooperates is set, 24 lower part of saddle is provided with telescopic rod 25,25 bottom of telescopic rod is provided with connecting column 29, and the connecting column 29 is hingedly connected by connecting rod 26 with support foot rest 28 It connects;29 bottom of connecting column is equipped with fixed insert and bores 27.When measuring, environment terrain is flat, the branch of expansible fixation measuring device Q2 Kickstand 28 can pack up support foot rest 28 when landform is precipitous or rugged and rough, be fixed tester using fixed cone 27 of inserting In the place that needs measure, it is convenient in some needs for a long time multiple measurement process in this way, saves the physical strength of operator, together When be also conducive to obtain more accurately and efficiently measure numerical value.
As shown in figure 8, data acquisition and Transmission system are equipped with inside the tester Casing supports 1, the data acquisition And Transmission system includes central processing module, power module, power module acquires for entire data and Transmission system provides work Power supply, the ultrasonic sensor modules 2, Temperature Humidity Sensor 6, the signal output end of barometric pressure sensor 5 and centre It manages module to be connected, central processing module is connected by bus interface I 7 with display device, and central processing module is connect by Ethernet Mouth 19 is connected with terminal.When tester, which is mounted on wind power plant, to be measured, data are then transmitted to by Ethernet Terminal.It is communicated between central processing module and terminal using Ethernet, centre is equipped with Ethernet exchanging Machine realizes the long-range monitoring of data with ICP/IP protocol to meet communication distance requirement.
As shown in figure 9, the central processing module uses the single-chip microcontroller of model STC89C52, the REST pin of single-chip microcontroller External reset circuit;The external crystal oscillating circuit of X2 and X1 pin of single-chip microcontroller;The GND and VCC pin of single-chip microcontroller connect power supply mould respectively Block;The P10-P17 pin of single-chip microcontroller connects display device;It is the P20-P27 pin of single-chip microcontroller and ultrasonic sensor modules 2, big Air pressure force snesor 5, Temperature Humidity Sensor 6 connect.
The ultrasonic sensor modules 2 include ultrasonic wave transmitting module and ultrasonic wave receiving module, the ultrasonic wave hair Penetrating module includes the impulse generator, driving circuit and ultrasonic transducer being sequentially connected in series, and ultrasonic transducer issues sound wave letter Number.Impulse generator is made of LM555CM integrated timer and other basic original parts.Hardware circuit diagram is as shown in Fig. 10, 8, No. 1 pins of LM555CM meet VCC and GND respectively;2, the indirect capacitor C01 of No. 6 pins, No. 5 pins (control voltage end) connect electricity Hold C02 and form filter circuit, altogether with 1 end;No. 4 pins are the P27 pin of resetting termination single-chip microcontroller;Diode D4 and D5 are simultaneously It connects between No. 2 and No. 7 pins;No. 3 pins are the input terminal that output end accesses driving circuit.Driving circuit is by 6 74LS04N Integrated chip composition, hardware circuit diagram is as shown in Fig. 10, is mainly made of phase inverter 74LS04N, will using form of recommending Square-wave signal is delivered to the both ends ultrasonic transducer J3 to improve ultrasonic wave emissive porwer.By No. 3 of LM555CM integrated timer The 40kHz square-wave signal of pin output is divided into the both ends that two-way is transmitted to ultrasonic transducer: all the way through two-stage phase inverter U1B and U1C,U1D;Another way is through level-one phase inverter U1E, U1F.The effect of pull-up resistor R23, R24 are: 1) improving phase inverter 74LS04N Export the ability of high level;2) damping for enhancing ultrasonic transducer, shortens the free oscillation time.
The ultrasonic wave receiving module includes ultrasonic receiver and signal conditioning circuit, and the ultrasonic receiver receives The acoustic signals that ultrasonic transducer issues, and be sent into signal conditioning circuit, the output end and single-chip microcontroller of signal conditioning circuit It is connected.Hardware circuit diagram is as shown in Fig. 11, and the master chip of signal conditioning circuit uses CX20106A, which includes Have: the modular circuits such as preposition amplification, limited range enlargement, broadband filtering, detection and comparator, shaping and hysteresis comparator; 4, No. 8 pins of CX20106A meet GND and VCC respectively;No. 1 pin meets ultrasonic receiver J4, is signal input part;No. 2 are drawn The series network being made of resistance R25, capacitor C03, a part as internal negative feedback network are accessed between foot and GND;No. 3 are drawn Detection capacitor C04 is accessed between foot and GND;No. 5 are accessed resistance R26 between pin and VCC, chip interior bandpass filter is arranged Centre frequency;No. 6 are added integrating capacitor C05 between pin and GND;No. 7 pins are output signal end, connect pull-up resistor R27, and And connect with the P26 pin of single-chip microcontroller, input a signal into single-chip microcontroller.
As shown in figure 12, the utility model takes two pairs to receive and is mutually perpendicular to put with the ultrasonic sensor for sending integral type It sets, be arranged in four orientation and be equidistant, respectively indicate east, south, west, north four direction.By attached drawing 1 it is found that opposite The propagation of signal is realized by the surface of emission 4 of part of detecting between two ultrasonic sensors.Emitted with identical frequency Ultrasonic signal and measure its by west to east, to the east of west, Nan Zhibei, north to the southern propagation time, it is further further according to the time Wind speed and wind direction are calculated, calculation method is described as follows.
As shown in Figure 12,13, it is assumed that the distance between each pair of ultrasonic wave is L, ultrasonic wave west to east, to the east of west, south It is respectively t to north, north to the time that south is propagatedXi Dong、tThing、tNorth and south、tBei Nan.The actual wind speed for needing to measure is vw, wind speed is in thing Component on direction is vThing, component of the wind speed in North and South direction is vNorth and south, ultrasonic wave test environment in spread speed be vc.It can be acquired by the Computing Principle of time difference method:
1) wind speed of east-west direction:
2) wind speed of North and South direction:
Further according to vw、vThing、vNorth and southBetween relationship it can be concluded that actual wind speed vwAre as follows:
Assuming that the references angle of direct north is 0 °, wind direction angle increases according to clockwise direction, then wind angle's Calculation formula are as follows:To acquire benchmark wind angle:
So as to find out the final wind angle calculated result of system are as follows:
So far, air speed value v can be obtainedwFor further calculating the value of wind energy power density W, wind power plant can also be obtained Wind direction information.
Wind energy power density, the parameter are to evaluate an important parameter of wind field superiority.Wind energy power density W is flowing Air flows vertically through the wind energy of unit cross-sectional area within the unit time, and wind energy power density W is by wind farm wind velocity vw, atmospheric density ρ and unit cross-sectional area A expression, and atmospheric density ρ is calculated by environmental parameters such as atmospheric pressure P, temperature t, humidity φ and is obtained, and is had Body formula is as follows:
The calculation formula of atmospheric density ρ are as follows:
Wherein, PbFor vapour pressure, ρ0=1.293kg/m3For a constant value, PbCalculation formula are as follows:

Claims (6)

1. a kind of two-dimensional ultrasonic wind energy power density measuring apparatus based on time difference method, it is characterised in that: including test device, show Showing device and fixation measuring device, test device include tester Casing supports, and tester Casing supports top is equipped with connection Column is equipped with reflecting surface at the top of connection column, tester Casing supports top along connection column be circumferentially provided with 4 receive with Send the ultrasonic sensor modules of integral type;Tester Casing supports lower part is equipped with Temperature Humidity Sensor and atmospheric pressure senses Device, tester Casing supports lower side are equipped with the bus interface I for connecting display device connection, the connection of test device bottom Fixation measuring device, the tester Casing supports inside are equipped with data acquisition and Transmission system, the data acquisition and transmission System includes central processing module, power module, and power module acquires for entire data and Transmission system provides working power, institute State ultrasonic sensor modules, Temperature Humidity Sensor, barometric pressure sensor signal output end be connected with central processing module, Central processing module is connected by bus interface I with display device, and central processing module is whole by Ethernet interface and computer End is connected.
2. the two-dimensional ultrasonic wind energy power density measuring apparatus according to claim 1 based on time difference method, it is characterised in that: The central processing module uses the single-chip microcontroller of model STC89C52, the external reset circuit of REST pin of single-chip microcontroller;Monolithic The external crystal oscillating circuit of X2 and X1 pin of machine;The GND and VCC pin of single-chip microcontroller connect power module respectively;The P10-P17 of single-chip microcontroller Pin connects display device;The P20-P27 pin and ultrasonic sensor modules, barometric pressure sensor, temperature and humidity of single-chip microcontroller Sensor connection.
3. the two-dimensional ultrasonic wind energy power density measuring apparatus according to claim 2 based on time difference method, it is characterised in that: The ultrasonic sensor modules include ultrasonic wave transmitting module and ultrasonic wave receiving module, and the ultrasonic wave transmitting module includes Impulse generator, driving circuit and the ultrasonic transducer being sequentially connected in series, ultrasonic transducer issue acoustic signals, the ultrasound Wave receiving module includes ultrasonic receiver and signal conditioning circuit, and the ultrasonic receiver receives ultrasonic transducer and issues Acoustic signals, and be sent into signal conditioning circuit, the output end of signal conditioning circuit is connected with single-chip microcontroller.
4. the two-dimensional ultrasonic wind energy power density measuring apparatus according to claim 2 based on time difference method, it is characterised in that: The display device is divided into upper case and lower case, and upper case is equipped with liquid crystal display and function button, function button Keep key, backlight regulating key, AC/DC power supply key, maximum value aobvious including power switch button, reset key, data Show key, minimum value display button;Lower case is equipped with battery module;Display device side is equipped with bus interface II, exchange Electrical outlet and Ethernet interface.
5. the two-dimensional ultrasonic wind energy power density measuring apparatus according to claim 2 based on time difference method, it is characterised in that: The fixation measuring device includes saddle, and the saddle is equipped with the screw thread for cooperating with test device bottom connection screw thread and connects Access slot, the saddle lower part are provided with telescopic rod, and the telescopic rod bottom is provided with connecting column, and the connecting column passes through connecting rod It is articulated and connected with support foot rest;The connection column bottom is equipped with fixed insert and bores.
6. the two-dimensional ultrasonic wind energy power density measuring apparatus according to claim 1 based on time difference method, it is characterised in that: 4 ultrasonic sensor modules are distributed in all directions four direction of connection column, 4 ultrasonic sensor modules Line across, and two ultrasonic waves of the distance between two ultrasonic sensor modules of east-west direction and North and South direction The distance between sensor module is equal.
CN201821338659.8U 2018-08-20 2018-08-20 A kind of two-dimensional ultrasonic wind energy power density measuring apparatus based on time difference method Active CN208621235U (en)

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Cited By (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN110161279A (en) * 2019-07-03 2019-08-23 电子科技大学中山学院 Ultrasonic wind speed measuring device with simple structure
CN110410281A (en) * 2019-07-15 2019-11-05 湖南科技大学 A kind of measurement method and device of the true arrives stream wind speed of Wind turbines
CN112649623A (en) * 2020-11-30 2021-04-13 中国科学院声学研究所南海研究站 Environment self-adaptive ultrasonic anemometry system
CN117555043A (en) * 2024-01-12 2024-02-13 中国极地研究中心(中国极地研究所) Automatic outdoor weather station applied to polar region

Cited By (7)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN110161279A (en) * 2019-07-03 2019-08-23 电子科技大学中山学院 Ultrasonic wind speed measuring device with simple structure
CN110161279B (en) * 2019-07-03 2023-12-12 电子科技大学中山学院 Ultrasonic wind speed measuring device with simple structure
CN110410281A (en) * 2019-07-15 2019-11-05 湖南科技大学 A kind of measurement method and device of the true arrives stream wind speed of Wind turbines
CN110410281B (en) * 2019-07-15 2023-11-03 湖南科技大学 Method and device for measuring actual incoming flow wind speed of wind turbine generator
CN112649623A (en) * 2020-11-30 2021-04-13 中国科学院声学研究所南海研究站 Environment self-adaptive ultrasonic anemometry system
CN117555043A (en) * 2024-01-12 2024-02-13 中国极地研究中心(中国极地研究所) Automatic outdoor weather station applied to polar region
CN117555043B (en) * 2024-01-12 2024-03-29 中国极地研究中心(中国极地研究所) Automatic outdoor weather station applied to polar region

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