CN2086042U - Narrow-ridge crop seeding and hoeing machine - Google Patents

Narrow-ridge crop seeding and hoeing machine Download PDF

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CN2086042U
CN2086042U CN 89216663 CN89216663U CN2086042U CN 2086042 U CN2086042 U CN 2086042U CN 89216663 CN89216663 CN 89216663 CN 89216663 U CN89216663 U CN 89216663U CN 2086042 U CN2086042 U CN 2086042U
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soil
blade
milling cutter
cutter
narrow
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武兰民
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Abstract

A small agricultural machine for field management of narrow-ridge crops has three operation performances of hoeing, sowing and dressing, and has the machine structure of single-row operation, double-wheel drive, hand-held operation and rotary tillage self-walking. The deviation of the straight running line is not more than 15 mm. Can pass through crops with 500 mm height. Can rotate on the ground surface of 460 mm without being limited by the size of the land. The operation component is a vertical rotary cutter-a rotary milling cutter, and has the performance of multifunction, labor saving and composite operation. The power is a horsepower gasoline engine.

Description

Narrow-row crop drilling and hoeing machine
The utility model belongs to the agricultural machinery category.It is the up-to-date small-sized machine that carries out the field management processing for various narrow ridge crops.
The narrow ridge crop, be meant that line-spacing is the various close planting type drilling crops about 210 millimeters (seven cuns), for example wheat, paddy broomcorn millet, oil plant or the like.It is over half that this type of crop accounts for whole crops, because line-spacing is narrow, can enter the field to present no any machine and replace manpower, they are from growing into the ripe very long time, need repeatedly loosen the soil, weeding, impose complicated and meticulous management processing such as chemical fertilizer, but, form a heavy burden for thousands of years owing to there is not machinery to utilize.Moreover, because manual operation efficiency is very low, the climate and other natural phenomena of a season in farming season people needless to say again the time is often owing to staff affects adversely farming season inadequately, once process less than just causing the underproduction.Therefore, solve the mechanization problem of narrow ridge crop field management, people hope for a long time, and are extremely urgent.
Because machine can not enter the narrow ridge operation, just solve this contradiction to use chemical herbicide implementation no-tillage system in some flourishing western countries.Not only cost is too high but use weed killer herbicide, and needs suitable natural conditions, and in the arid area, weed killer herbicide melts, permeates because of being difficult for, diffusion and inoperative.The major part of China is ploughed and is all belonged to this kind situation, so even to this day, peasants have to rely on a hoe repeating ancestors' hard working.
The utility model, purpose are that the actual conditions at China provides a kind of suitable small-sized multipotency farm work machine, the work sufferings to remove the peasant, the labour efficiency that improves them, fills up this blank in the agricultural mechanization.Through the field experiment of triennium, examined it performance, examined parameters.Now form comparative maturity and truly had the agricultural machinery new product of practical value.It is current unique up-to-date machine that can enter narrow ridge field replacement manpower operation.
The utility model is the single file operation.Two-wheel drives, hand steered operation, and rotary tillage is from the form of walking.Overall dimensions (length * wide * height) are 1700 * 600 * 1000(millimeter), 46 kilograms of weight, can be by 500 millimeters high crops, can be 460 millimeters big ground revolution, thereby the operation of not only in the ranks freely turning round at the narrow ridge of 210 mm wides, nor be subjected to the restriction of ground size, both adapted to open ground, level land, also adapted to mountain area fritter terraced fields, even some operation in vegetable garden, nursery also can use this machine to finish.
Operation part of the present utility model is at the self-designed special tool of the operating feature in narrow ridge field " the individual layer twolip revolves milling cutter ".Its simple in structure and excellent performance has that operation quality is good, a multipotency, labour-saving advantage.The utility model, just only utilize this a kind of operation part to obtain to hoe the fields, sow, impose three kinds of transaction capabilities of chemical fertilizer, (if some other annexes of occasional combination also can be used for spraying insecticide, harvesting etc.) because these different transaction capabilities utilize same operation part to realize, thereby they can be arranged in pairs or groups mutually as required to be incorporated in once again and carry out, for example when hoing the fields, impose chemical fertilizer, or when hoing the fields, interplant, or in sowing, use chemical fertilizer etc., this combined type operation is the advantage of the utility model uniqueness.It is not only saved time but also do not increase machine burden, thereby provides convenience and benefit for the peasant better.
This is suitable for novel mating power is one horsepower of petrol engine, because " revolving milling cutter " is laborsaving light and handy with body, this machine consumption power rate is very low, after measured, is 7.5 kilograms/meter at soil hardness 2, moisture content 15%, tilling depth 60-100 millimeter, operating speed be 3.2 kilometers/time make under the condition, the cutter shaft moment of torsion of " revolving milling cutter " is 1.5---2 kilograms/meter, machine walking needs 5 kilograms tractional force approximately, and the consumption power rate of complete machine operation only is 0.76 horsepower.Because the power consumption seldom, throttle is opened to 2/3 during operation, can reach per hour 1.2 mu operating efficiency, and oil consumption rate is not more than 304 gram/mus, thereby the utility model has not only been broken the narrow ridge field does not have the forbidden zone that machinery can enter, and has realized replacing with machine the ideal of manpower, thereby make the heavy manual labor relaxation and happiness that become, and its operation quality, operating efficiency, operating cost are also more suitable than using manpower.
Structure of the present utility model and specific embodiments accompanying drawings thereof are as follows:
Fig. 1 is a complete machine structure figure of the present utility model, 1-1 is a gauge wheel, but up-down adjustment, wheel face is a matrix, have the depth of implements of qualification and overcome the function that head deflects, 1-2 is that operation part " revolves milling cutter ", the 1-3 defertilizing tube, 1-4 seeding chamber, the graduating valve of 1-5 seeding quantity, the 1-6 seed-box, 1-7 chemical fertilizer case, the 1-8 enroute repair kit, the 1-9 fuel tank, the combiner of 1-10 power transmission shaft (the body skeleton of holding concurrently, with the alloy aluminum casting), the 1-11 driving wheel, 1-12 seedling-protection plate, the 1-13 engine, the 1-14 handrail (is provided with throttle, the tilling depth regulating handle, clutch handle.The amount of seed metering adjuster, fertile case valve handle is totally five functional units).
Fig. 2 is the utility model drive mechanism schematic diagram.2-1 engine (model is 1E40F), (sun gear initiatively for the 2-2 planetary reducer, gear ring is fixed, planetary wheel carrier is driven, speed ratio 4:1), 2-3 bevel gear decelerator (speed ratio 2:1) 2-4 revolves mill principal axis (375 rev/mins of rotating speeds), 2-5 overload clutch (it is 2 kilograms/meter that the cutter shaft moment of torsion is set up).The 2-6 blade, 2-7 worm type of reduction gearing (speed reducing ratio 15:1), 2-8 minor sprocket (50 rev/mins of Z=15 rotating speeds), the 2-9 chain, 2-10 hinge wheel (Z=22), 2-11 expansion ball type differential mechanism, 2-12 driving wheel flange cover (34 rev/mins of rotating speeds), the 2-13 driving wheel (500 millimeters engine operation rotating speeds of φ are 3000 rev/mins, travel speed be 3.06 kilometers/time).
Working environment of the present utility model is between narrow crop row.The operation of why freely turning round with the speed in 3.06-3.34 kilometer/time, mainly be because these facility have and walk straightforward energy more accurately, agriculture requirement, 210 millimeters standard narrow ridges in the ranks in, the seedling band of both sides respectively accounts for 15 millimeters, 150 millimeters of the scope of operations, 15 millimeters of the spacings between the scope of operation and the seedling band.Therefore, the straight line deviation of travelling of machine must not be greater than 15 millimeters, otherwise cutter must be hindered seedling, and driving wheel also will be pressed seedling, and why the utility model can satisfy this requirement.Mainly be to have relied on the cooperation of automatic differential gear of the expansion ball type on the driving wheel and handrail to realize.The bevel gear combination differential mechanism of this differential gear and existing automobile or tractor is different fully, it is to utilize ground complex situations to give the different resistances of two driving wheels, makes the loose degree of tightness of the pearl of rising tight, reaches to regulate its straight line deviation of travelling automatically.
Fig. 3 is the mechanical construction drawing of expansion ball type differential mechanism.3-1 is a worm-wheel shaft, the 2-8 sprocket wheel, the 2-9 chain, the 2-10 hinge wheel, 3-2 five fresh ideas, the 3-3 pearl of rising, the flange cover of 3-4 driving wheel, its operation principle is: the power of 3-1 passes through 2-8,2-9,2-10 passes to 3-2, because of five pearl nests of 3-2 all have the outward-dipping gradient, once rotating forward, five just pushed outwards moving of pearl 3-2, make it stuck between 3-2 and 3-4, so 3-2 and 3-4 have formed an integral body, make from the power of 3-1 and be defeated by driving wheel, the characteristics of this structure are that five fresh idea 8-2 are driving link, and the flange cover 3-4 of driving wheel is a driven member.When the operation handrail (to a certain direction skew), because leverage, external force that driving wheel will be passed forward wherein, thereby its rotating speed also can be higher than 3-2, this moment, stuck pearl between 3-2 and 3-4 was just got back to the pearl nest automatically, 3-2 is separated with 3-4, when external force disappears, when its rotating speed was lower than 3-2,3-3 is pushed outwards again to be moved, stuck again between 3-2 and 3-4, the utility model is to utilize the degree of tightness of the pearl of rising tight, the luxuriant of 3-2 and 3-4 closed, make the travel speed of two driving wheels constantly carry out trickle and regulate flexibly, thereby reached the requirement that the straight line deviation of travelling is not more than 15 millimeters, this kind differential gear not only is suitable for, and structure is very simple, both makes easily, and cost is also low.
Fig. 4 is the utility model operation part---the blade structure figure of " revolving milling cutter ", and it is a kind of vertical rotating cutter, blade is at soil inner horizontal rotary operation, by cutting, throws
Figure 892166630_IMG2
Effect make soil displacement, Sheng Fa, friction, thereby reach loosen the soil, the purpose of hack, weed eradication.The quality of operation quality, the geometry that depends on blade, the size at upturned soil angle, the close fit of the rotating speed and the speed of passing forward, tie in, the cutter operation is steady, laborsaving, it is in small, broken bits to loosen the soil, the scope of operation is loose smooth, the used blade of the utility model is that 65 its geometries of manganese steel plate punch forming with 3 millimeters thick are strip, double blade, (or A about central point is divided into, B) two sections, each section all is by the knife back (4-1), upturned soil angle (4-2), cutting edge (4-3) is formed, and is benchmark with the plane of the knife back, upturned soil bight part is bent downwardly 10 °, cutting edge is 45 ° of acute angle (blades that are used to gather in, blade Dai has sawtooth), 150 millimeters of blade lengths, wide 30 millimeters, the center is welded with dop or Luo Sitou so that connect with main shaft, this blade is actual to be formed by two identical blade unit in fact, in soil during rotary operation, A, B works in coordination for two sections, along with body constantly moves forward, they cut the pan soil in the place ahead in turn, throw in turn again
Figure 892166630_IMG3
What be cut loosens the soil.
Fig. 6 is the trajectory diagram that revolves the milling cutter operation process.Because each fritter soil all is through cutting cutting again like this, throws
Figure 892166630_IMG4
Throw again
Figure 892166630_IMG5
Compound Machining, thereby by the soil of operation, not only the bed end, is smooth, it is disconnected that weeds are connected undercut, and it is in small, broken bits to loosen the soil, the scope of operation is loosened smooth and not unrest of soil layer, like this loosening why a very thin leaf blade can make the stiff soil of 100 millimeters thick become? this be because blade when soil high speed rotary cutting, the strength that the upturned soil angle forces soil to produce to turn up soil to rising and institute extremely, with regard to sand table experiment finding, rise the size of upturned soil power, directly relevant with the size and the rotating speed at upturned soil angle, the angle at upturned soil angle is too big, though can obtain the bigger upturned soil power that rises, but the consumption of power also can correspondingly increase, and the difficulty of burying, the upturned soil angle is too small, then rises the hardening layer that upturned soil power is not enough to break through ground surface, the selected upturned soil angle of the utility model is 400 rev/mins power in addition, rises upturned soil power and soil can be thrown 300 millimeters height.Therefore, the blade that this leaf is very thin just can reach above-mentioned loosening the soil, the effect of hack.This from the soil inside processing, with from bottom to top mode hack, loosen the soil, having starts with from weak link attacks the meaning of hard defence.The hard part of soil is the hardening layer of about 30-50 millimeters thick.It below the ordinary circumstance hardening layer softer wet soil layer, but because hardening layer covers wet soil layer top, take that top-down mode is loosened the soil, hack, hardening layer be because of having obtained the support of wet soil layer, thereby be difficult for broken, take mode operation from bottom to top, because hardening layer has lost support, thereby little power can be broken.This is one of this operation part labour-saving reason, and the operating type of existing farm machinery all is to take top-down mode, and for example ploughshare is ploughed, and rotatable " rotovator " hack or the like crouches.This very stiff and demanding mode, why require great effort, be not only because manipulating object is hard, but also exist the consumption of a large amount of idle works, for example, it was in order to dig and to loosen the soil originally that ploughshare is ploughed, yet when real work, soil but is from ploughing towards last high upturned soil and then falling down, this process is actual to be not the purpose of operation, for no other reason than that this mode and this apparatus structure can't be avoided this process, has just brought the consumption of unavoidable idle work thus, rotatable " rotovator " operation for sleeping in, purpose is in order to loosen the soil and hack, but soil splashes everywhere and has to block with cover during operation, wouldn't this be a kind of consumption of idle work equally? yet, this facility, this mode can't be avoided this insignificant power consumption again.Therefore, existing various farm machinery are all required great effort very much, and " revolving milling cutter " is why laborsaving, are not only because selected and keep away by force with regard to weak operating type.And in its operation process, almost without any the consumption of idle work, this is the unusual labour-saving of this a kind cutter basic reason, and with " revolving milling cutter " and existing " rotovator " contrast, under equal operating condition, after measured, the former is than the latter laborsaving three times.This is the advanced person's of a " revolving milling cutter " point.
Why " revolve milling cutter " loosen the soil, hack, can sow or impose chemical fertilizer again in the time of weed eradication? this is because blade when soil high speed rotary operation, because the liter of soil is turned up soil, centrifugal action, exists a hole all the time around cutter shaft.Move along with moving of cutter in this hole, covers automatically along with moving, and we see from the sand table experiment, when cutter stops at a local rotation, as seen analyse clearly in this hole, and when cutter moved forward, hole originally just covers automatically got up to become the loose smooth scope of operation.Sowing of the present utility model, impose the chemical fertilizer operation and utilize this principle to realize.This particular principles has been brought sowing, broadcasts fertile special operation mode; It is not ditched, earthing, seed and chemical fertilizer do not flow into the hole along cutter shaft, automatically imbedded in the soil, because soil does not stir up and down, soil layer is disorderly (dry ground of ground surface can not descend diffluence) not, thereby seed and chemical fertilizer all can remain on the wet soil layer that helps rooting and help bringing into play fertilizer efficiency, this kind operating type, not only save time and save trouble, also have good soil moisture conservation effect, this point is particularly important at dry area in north china.
The utility model employed " revolving milling cutter " only is a monomer in this kind parts, but it is again complete and complete parts.
Fig. 5 is the monomer mechanical construction drawing of this operation part, 5-1 is a blade, 5-2 be main shaft (blank pipe, the lower end connects blade with bayonet socket or rib collar, during sowing, seed injects the axle center and enters soil layer by going out the rim of the mouth), 5-3 is a bevel type gear, and 5-4 is the overload clutch that spring and ball are formed, and 5-5 is a bevel gear, 5-6 pays axle, 5-7 is a gear-box, and 5-8 is a collar bush, and 5-9 is the circuit breaker sub-assembly, 5-10 is a defertilizing tube, 5-11 is the seeding chamber, and power drives bevel gear 5-3 rotation by paying axle 5-6 input through bevel gear 5-5 during operation, drive main shaft 5-2 and blade 5-1 operation through overload clutch 5-4, because blade is a high speed rotating in soil, and stone, foreign material are arranged in the soil unavoidably, this is the obstacle of blade normal operation undoubtedly, when blade was met these barriers, overload clutch 5-4 just opened automatically, and blade is stopped the rotation, treat after the cut-through thing that overload clutch can be connected automatically again and make blade continue rotary operation; Sometimes also have bigger stone in the soil, even blade stops the rotation, cutter shaft also can't pass through, even the cutter shaft that fractures can occur, and damages faults such as parts, and in order to prevent the generation of this fault, the spy is provided with circuit breaker assembly 5-9.This assembly is a safety device equally.Its interior is by a microswitch, one elastic contact blade of regulating gap length is only formed, microswitch is connected between the positive and negative electrode of engine " platinum " by two connecting wires, when cutter shaft runs into unsurmountable resistance, elastic contact blade just touches microswitch, so cause engine ignition system around short circuit and operator's thing that removes barriers is treated in self-extinguishing, restart engine and can continue operation.
" revolving milling cutter " is a kind of series operation part, can use a monomer, also can use a plurality of monomers, when using a plurality of monomer, can before and after lontitudinal series also can about laterally series connection, lontitudinal series is used to increase depth of implements, laterally series connection is used to increase the operation amplitude.The blade that " revolves milling cutter " can arbitrarily be changed as required, is used to gather in the blade of crop, and cutting edge is the sharp sawteeth type, and the blade that is used for stubble-cleaning is three layer of six sword type.
The normal structure that " revolves milling cutter " be machinery, hydraulic electric appliance combine constitute, the utility model employee is an embodiment.

Claims (2)

1, a kind of drilling and hoeing machine that is used for narrow ridge crop field management operation " revolves milling cutter " by power (petrol engine), planetary reducer, worm gear reducer, bevel gear decelerator, operation part.The ground-engaging element driving wheel.The automatic differential mechanism of expansion ball type, gauge wheel, seeding chamber, defertilizing tube, seed manure case, fuel tank and handrail constitute; It is characterized in that it is at soil inner horizontal rotary operation that operation part " revolves milling cutter ", with mode from bottom to top loosen the soil, hack, weed eradication and utilize these same parts to realize hoing the fields, sow, imposing three kinds of transaction capabilities of chemical fertilizer; The structure of these parts is made up of blade (5-1), main shaft (5-2), bevel gear (5-3), bevel gear (5-5), overload clutch (5-4), pair axle (5-6), a gear-box (5-7), collar bush (5-8), circuit breaker (5-9), defertilizing tube (5-10), seeding chamber (5-11) and the bearing that matches, oil sealing, described drilling and hoeing machine, two driving wheels are equipped with the automatic differential mechanism of expansion ball type respectively.It can regulate the different resistances that ground informs two driving wheels automatically, thereby keeps its straight-line travelling deviation to be not more than 15 millimeters accurate requirement, and the structure of this differential mechanism is made up of five fresh ideas (3-2), the pearl of rising (3-3) driving wheel flange cover (3-4); Described drilling and hoeing machine, its feature are that also its safety work is that the device that utilizes electrical equipment to combine with machinery is realized, this device hinders device (5-9) by visiting, microswitch (5-13) is formed.
2, " revolving milling cutter " as claim 1, described operation part is a kind of series type cutter, can determine the frame mode that size (tillage range), rotating speed, sheet number (number of plies) and a plurality of monomer of blade are connected all around according to the needs of operation; The geometry that it is characterized in that each leaf blade is long strip type, double-pole mouth, about the center is divided into (or A, B) two sections, each section all is made up of the knife back (4-1), upturned soil angle (4-2), cutting edge (4-3); With knife back plane is benchmark, crooked 10 ° down of upturned soil angles, and cutting edge is 45 °, the blade that is used to gather in, cutting edge also have sawtooth.
CN 89216663 1989-09-20 1989-09-20 Narrow-ridge crop seeding and hoeing machine Withdrawn CN2086042U (en)

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Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
CN 89216663 CN2086042U (en) 1989-09-20 1989-09-20 Narrow-ridge crop seeding and hoeing machine

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Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
CN 89216663 CN2086042U (en) 1989-09-20 1989-09-20 Narrow-ridge crop seeding and hoeing machine

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CN2086042U true CN2086042U (en) 1991-10-09

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CN 89216663 Withdrawn CN2086042U (en) 1989-09-20 1989-09-20 Narrow-ridge crop seeding and hoeing machine

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Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN107231852A (en) * 2017-08-04 2017-10-10 太仓市项氏农机有限公司 A kind of hack level land lid kind covering device and its method of work

Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN107231852A (en) * 2017-08-04 2017-10-10 太仓市项氏农机有限公司 A kind of hack level land lid kind covering device and its method of work

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