CN208505848U - A kind of device of quick measurement soil particle diameter - Google Patents
A kind of device of quick measurement soil particle diameter Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- CN208505848U CN208505848U CN201820637928.4U CN201820637928U CN208505848U CN 208505848 U CN208505848 U CN 208505848U CN 201820637928 U CN201820637928 U CN 201820637928U CN 208505848 U CN208505848 U CN 208505848U
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- China
- Prior art keywords
- drainpipe
- soil
- diameter
- soil particle
- lucite tube
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Abstract
The utility model discloses a kind of devices of quickly measurement soil particle diameter, including rubber stopper, lucite tube, poly (methyl methacrylate) plate, the lucite tube upper end is connect with rubber stopper, lower end and poly (methyl methacrylate) plate bonding are closed, it is connected with the first drainpipe, the second drainpipe, third drainpipe, the 4th drainpipe on its tube wall in turn from top to bottom, is fitted with valve on each drainpipe.The lucite tube of the high 150cm diameter 10cm of the device is determined the position of discharge outlet by settling height of the different-grain diameter soil particle in 1 hour, and connects the lucite tube of 2 ㎜ of diameter for draining in opening.The soil sample of acquisition is handled and suspension is made, it is fully transferred in instrument, it shakes up, after standing sedimentation 1 hour, certain volume solution is discharged from the 4th drainpipe and measures its volume, then dries, measure the percentage composition of each grade, the content of the grains of sand in measurement soil is finally acquired, the device is easy to operate, low in cost.
Description
Technical field
The utility model relates to a kind of device for measuring soil particle diameter, in particular to a kind of dress of quickly measurement soil particle diameter
It sets.
Background technique
The composition of soil particle is basic one of the fertility attribute of soil, and understands soil and occur and divide soil class
Important evidence.Also there is certain influence to the research of soil other physicochemical properties.Analysis measurement and matter to soil particle composition
It the determination of ground title and has very important significance to the protection of soil environment.Just at present to the measuring method of soil separate
From the point of view of, laser particle analyzer method measurement soil particle diameter is at high cost, and precision is high, and hydrometer method measurement process is longer and precision is lower, inhales
Tube method measurement period is longer, it is therefore desirable to seek a kind of simple and effective and accurate soil particle diameter measurement method
Summary of the invention
For above-mentioned problems of the prior art and defect, quickly surveyed the purpose of this utility model is to provide a kind of
The device for determining soil particle diameter, according to different-grain diameter particle, sinking speed is different in water, measures soil particle diameter percentage.Device master
Body is the lucite tube of high 150cm diameter 10cm, is determined according to settling height of the different-grain diameter soil particle in 1 hour
The position of discharge outlet, and the lucite tube of 2 ㎜ of external diameter measures accumulative silt content to calculate for draining.
Realize that technical solution used by foregoing invention purpose is a kind of device of quickly measurement soil particle diameter, including rubber
Plug, lucite tube, the first drainpipe, the second drainpipe, third drainpipe, the 4th drainpipe and poly (methyl methacrylate) plate, it is described
Lucite tube upper end is connect with rubber stopper, and lower end and poly (methyl methacrylate) plate bonding are closed, and is sequentially connected from top to bottom on tube wall
There are the first drainpipe, the second drainpipe, third drainpipe, the 4th drainpipe；First drainpipe, the second drainpipe,
The first valve, the second valve, third valve and the 4th valve are separately installed on three drainpipes, the 4th drainpipe.
A kind of application method of the device of quickly measurement soil particle diameter of the utility model is: the soil sample of acquisition is handled
And homogenate is made, and after cooling, it is fully transferred in instrument, is shaken up, it is certain from discharge outlet discharge after standing sedimentation 1 hour
Bulk solution simultaneously measures its volume, is then placed in baking oven and dries 24 hours for 102 DEG C, using same multiple proportions amplifying method, measures each grain
The percentage composition of grade finally acquires the content of the grains of sand in measurement soil.Pass through data measured by the instrument and laser particle analyzer
The data measured are compared, and are modified to influence factors such as the shape of soil particle, the soil texture and temperature, last
It is a to obtain computation formula.
The present apparatus by lucite tube (With), poly (methyl methacrylate) plate and rubber tube composition, it is at low cost
It is honest and clean, some drawbacks present in conventional method are overcome, and substantially reduce the time of original soil particle diameter measurement, a people is
It is achievable, labour is saved, and higher compared with other measurement method measurement accuracy.
Detailed description of the invention
Fig. 1 is the main view that the utility model quickly measures soil particle diameter device；
Fig. 2 is the top view that the utility model quickly measures soil particle diameter device.
Specific embodiment
The technical solution of the utility model is described in more detail in the following with reference to the drawings and specific embodiments.
Fig. 1 and Fig. 2 gives utility model from the angle of main view and top view respectively and quickly measures soil particle diameter device,
Including rubber stopper 1, lucite tube 2, the first drainpipe 3, the second drainpipe 4, third drainpipe 5, the 4th drainpipe 6 and organic
Glass plate 11,2 upper end of lucite tube are connect with rubber stopper 1, and lower end and the bonding of poly (methyl methacrylate) plate 11 are closed, tube wall
On be connected with the first drainpipe 3, the second drainpipe 4, third drainpipe 5, the 4th drainpipe 6 in turn from top to bottom；Described
One drainpipe 3, third drainpipe 5, is separately installed with the first valve 7, the second valve on the 4th drainpipe 6 at second drainpipe 4
8, third valve 9 and the 4th valve 10.
The main body of the device is the lucite tube that one high 150 ㎝ diameter is 10 ㎝, and chassis is the pros of 20 ㎝ of side length
Shape poly (methyl methacrylate) plate, since different-grain diameter particle sinking speed is different, when by soil particle settling velocity equation and sedimentation
Between determine the position of discharge outlet, in test usually, common grade-classification is 0.002 ㎜, 0.005mm, 0.01mm,
0.02mm, thus aperture position calculated according to velocity sedimentation formula be respectively as follows: 1.38 ㎝, 8.6cm, 34.39cm and
137.58cm opens up aperture in main body lucite tube corresponding position, and connects the lucite tube of 2 ㎜ of diameter, in each water outlet
Another termination rubber tube of glass nozzle, and stepped up with iron clamp, prevent leak.And add rubber stopper at host glass tube top end, it uses
It is shaken up in up and down.It is that one of experimental provision is discussed in detail above.
It is different using different-grain diameter particle sinking speed, the sedimentation corresponding to the certain particle size range being calculated away from
From mixture in the section being extracted at this location, only containing the soil particle less than the partial size in gained water sample.Soil particle
Sinking speed and settling height can be calculate by the following formula:
L=Vt × t
In formula, Vt is terminal velocity cm/s；D is particle diameter cm；ρ s is soil particle density；ρfFor the specific gravity of water.
Design experiment temperature is 0.002 ㎜, 0.005mm, 0.01mm, 0.02mm particle settling height after 20 DEG C, one hour
Respectively 1.38 ㎝, 8.6cm, 34.39cm and 137.58cm.Can respectively in 1.38 ㎝, 8.6cm, 34.39cm and
Aperture samples at 137.58cm, distinguishes water sampling from top to bottom, measures the volume of institute's water sampling, nothing > 0.002mm in 1.38cm sample
Particle, nothing > 0.005mm particle at 8.6cm, nothing > 0.01mm particle at 34.39cm, nothing > 0.02mm particle in 137.58cm sample.
It after setting each granule content respectively as x1, x2, x3 and x4 Stratified Sampling, then is dried, weighs, can be calculated each grade soil
The percentage composition of particle.
Hi=(miV/vi)/M
In formula: Hi is the percentage composition of each grade soil particle；Mi is the drying soil weight after the sampling of each layer；V is that solution is total
Volume；Vi is the liquor capacity that each layer takes out；M is total drying soil weight.
The percentage composition of each grade soil particle can be calculated respectively by above formula.
Experimental procedure:
Step 1: sample treatment
(1) 3 parts of m of a certain amount of original soil sample are weighed greater than the processing of 2mm chad1, will be greater than 2mm chad by size fractionated point
It opens, is respectively put into distilled water and boils several times, until the attachment on chad removes completely.Chad is moved in weighing bottle, is put
Enter baking oven drying weighing.
(2) measurement of moisture absorption water content rate weighs 6 parts of quantitatively air-dried soil samples for crossing 2mm sieve, wherein 3 parts are put into 105 DEG C~110
DEG C baking oven dry to constant weight (at least 6h or more), must dry soil sample weight m2.Calculate soil sample moisture absorption water content rate.
(3) removal organic matter should remove organic matter to the content of organic matter higher soil sample before dispersion.Air-dried soil sample is distinguished
It is put into the beaker in tall form of 250mL, a small amount of distilled water is added to keep soil sample wet.Then hydrogen peroxide 20mL is added, is stirred with glass bar
Mix, make organic matter sufficiently with hydrogen peroxide haptoreaction.A large amount of bubbles can be generated in reaction process, to prevent sample spilling from can add
Isoamyl alcohol defoaming.Excessive hydrogen peroxide is removed with heating means.
(4) CaCO is removed3According to the different purposes of fractional analysis, it is also possible to HCl decalcification, be carefully added into c (HCl)=
0.2mol·L-1Solution is in soil sample, until bubble-free occurs.The clear liquid above sample should be removed during HCl decalcification at any time,
To guarantee HCl concentration.If sample calcium carbonate content is high, HCl concentration can be suitably increased.
Remove Ca2+Soil sample, also need to be drenched with distilled water and remove extra HCl and other chlorides.For this purpose, taking again a small amount of
For (5mL) leacheate in small test tube, nitric acid solution (reagent 9), which is added, makes acidification of filtrate few drops, adds silver nitrate solution (reagent
12) 1~2 drop needs to continue elution until no white precipitate if there is white AgCl to precipitate.
It takes a above-mentioned processed sample in the container (such as beaker) of known weight, first heats and be evaporated on electric hot plate
Moisture places into baking oven, dries to constant weight at 105 DEG C~110 DEG C.Acquire the drying soil sample weight of removal organic matter and calcium carbonate
m3。
Step 2: preparing suspension
Treated sample is transferred completely into 500mL triangular flask, sodium hexametaphosphate solution is added, suspension is put
It is boiled in water-bath, triangular flask should be often shaken before boiling, to prevent grogs knot bottom, keep boiling 1h.It is special when boiling
It is noted that defoamed with isoamyl alcohol, in order to avoid overflow.
Step 3: sedimentation
Scattered sample is transferred completely into new take-off cylinder.And be added at distilled water to top graduation mark, it uses
Rubber stopper clogs lucite tube top, and solution is sufficiently shaken up, and is then allowed to stand sedimentation 1 hour.
Step 4: taking liquid
After sedimentation in one hour, the iron clamp of each opening is opened simultaneously, the solution of certain volume is taken with graduated cylinder, and is read
Liquor capacity.
Step 5: drying, calculate each grade soil particle percentage composition
The solution for each layer that graduated cylinder is measured, is transferred to aluminium box, is put into baking oven under the conditions of 102 DEG C and dries 24 hours, dries
After dry, weigh, calculate each grade soil particle percentage composition.
Step 6: data processing
Each layer silt content measured under different soil samples, different temperatures is handled.Pass through number measured by the instrument
It is compared according to the data that laser particle analyzer is measured, to influence factors such as the shape of soil particle, the soil texture and temperature
It is modified, finally obtains a computation formula.
Six, measurement result verifying and conclusion
1. loessal soil grains of sand assay result record sheet of table
Conclusion: above data shows, the grains of sand content of the loessal soil measured with this new instrument and laser particle analyzer institute
The content maximum difference 0.3% measured, minimum difference 0.01%.The loessal soil grains of sand content that the new instrument measures is compared with pipette method
It is smaller with hydrometer method error.
Claims (1)
1. a kind of device of quickly measurement soil particle diameter, which is characterized in that including rubber stopper (1), lucite tube (2), first
Drainpipe (3), the second drainpipe (4), third drainpipe (5), the 4th drainpipe (6) and poly (methyl methacrylate) plate (11), described has
Machine glass tube (2) upper end is connect with rubber stopper (1), and lower end and poly (methyl methacrylate) plate (11) bonding are closed, on tube wall from top to bottom
It is connected with the first drainpipe (3), the second drainpipe (4), third drainpipe (5), the 4th drainpipe (6) in turn；Described first
Drainpipe (3), third drainpipe (5), is separately installed with the first valve (7), on the 4th drainpipe (6) at the second drainpipe (4)
Two valves (8), third valve (9) and the 4th valve (10).
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201820637928.4U CN208505848U (en) | 2018-05-02 | 2018-05-02 | A kind of device of quick measurement soil particle diameter |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201820637928.4U CN208505848U (en) | 2018-05-02 | 2018-05-02 | A kind of device of quick measurement soil particle diameter |
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| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN208505848U true CN208505848U (en) | 2019-02-15 |
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ID=65297993
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| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
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| CN201820637928.4U Expired - Fee Related CN208505848U (en) | 2018-05-02 | 2018-05-02 | A kind of device of quick measurement soil particle diameter |
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| CN (1) | CN208505848U (en) |
Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN112629986A (en) * | 2020-11-25 | 2021-04-09 | 西安建筑科技大学 | Device and method for extracting clay particles |
-
2018
- 2018-05-02 CN CN201820637928.4U patent/CN208505848U/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN112629986A (en) * | 2020-11-25 | 2021-04-09 | 西安建筑科技大学 | Device and method for extracting clay particles |
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| GR01 | Patent grant | ||
| GR01 | Patent grant | ||
| CF01 | Termination of patent right due to non-payment of annual fee | ||
| CF01 | Termination of patent right due to non-payment of annual fee |
Granted publication date: 20190215 Termination date: 20200502 |