CN208187391U - A kind of ultra-wide waters Precision River-Crossing Leveling device - Google Patents

Abstract

The utility model discloses a precise cross-river level measuring device for ultra-wide waters, which comprises a plurality of sets of measuring devices arranged on both banks of the river. The seat frame includes a top plate and a base, and the top plate and the base are respectively provided with a first threaded hole and a second threaded hole opposite to each other, and the first threaded hole and the second threaded hole can be pierced with The vernier probe is used to measure the height of the instrument and the height of the target. The top plate is provided with a target light and a prism group, and the total station is detachably arranged on the base through a locking assembly. The utility model has the characteristics of synchronous direct opposite observation and direct measurement of the height of the instrument and the elevation of the target, which significantly weakens the adverse effects of atmospheric refraction, earth curvature, and the error of the height of the instrument and the elevation of the target in the triangular elevation measurement, and greatly Improved accuracy and work efficiency.

Description

A precision cross-river leveling device for ultra-wide waters

technical field

The utility model relates to the field of cross-river level measurement, in particular to an ultra-wide water area precision cross-river level measurement device.

Background technique

With the construction of long bridges and sea-crossing bridges, the use of triangular elevations for precise cross-river leveling in ultra-wide waters above 3,500 meters is the main means of elevation transfer on both sides of bridges. The country's current first- and second-class leveling standards have no provisions for leveling across rivers above 3,500 meters. Triangular elevation measurement, especially when using triangular elevation measurement for cross-river leveling in ultra-wide waters above 3500 meters, its accuracy is mainly affected by atmospheric refraction and the curvature of the earth. Opposite observations are required in precision engineering applications such as bridges. However, in traditional triangular elevation surveying, including the surveying procedures stipulated in the national first- and second-class leveling standards, no simultaneous direct observation has been realized. In this way, the atmospheric environment that the line of sight passes through the round-trip observation is quite different, and it is difficult to maximize the Reduces the effects of atmospheric refraction and Earth curvature. In addition, the measurement error of the instrument height and target elevation also directly affects the accuracy of the precision cross-river triangular elevation measurement. Because it is difficult to directly measure the instrument height, the traditional instrument height is mainly measured by inclined steel rulers, and the instrument height is reduced or the line of sight is used. Indirect measurement methods such as legal measurement have brought large measurement errors. The above reasons directly affect the accuracy of cross-river leveling using the triangular elevation measurement method for ultra-wide waters above 3500 meters.

In view of this, there is an urgent need to improve the existing triangulation elevation method so that it can obtain better measurement accuracy for cross-river leveling in ultra-wide waters above 3500 meters.

Utility model content

The technical problem to be solved by the utility model is that the existing triangulation elevation method has the problem of poor measurement accuracy when carrying out cross-river leveling for ultra-wide waters above 3,500 meters.

In order to solve the above technical problems, the technical solution adopted by the utility model is to provide a precision cross-river leveling device for ultra-wide waters, including multiple sets of measuring devices arranged on both sides of the river. The measuring devices include:

The coaxial target support frame includes a top plate and a base, and the top plate and the base are respectively provided with a first threaded hole and a second threaded hole opposite to each other, and the first threaded hole and the second threaded hole A vernier probe can be pierced in the hole to measure the height of the instrument and the height of the target, and the target lamp and prism group are arranged on the top plate;

The total station is detachably arranged on the base through a locking component.

In the above scheme, the coaxial target support frame is set on the forced centering pier, and the forced centering pier is provided with an upwardly protruding threaded boss, and the top of the threaded boss is connected to the second screw thread Kong is right. The coaxial target support frame is screwed and fixed on the forced centering pier through the threaded boss.

In the above solution, the base includes an upper seat plate and a lower seat plate, and the upper seat plate is provided with a screw adjustment assembly, and is connected to the lower seat plate through the screw adjustment assembly.

In the above solution, a tube level is provided on the upper seat plate.

In the above solution, the locking assembly includes a plurality of positioning holes arranged in the middle of the upper seat plate and a plurality of locking pieces arranged on the edge of the upper seat plate and uniformly distributed along the circumference of the upper seat plate.

In the above solution, the screw adjustment assembly includes a plurality of threaded posts screwed on the upper seat plate along the circumferential direction of the upper seat plate, and the top ends of the threaded posts are provided with knobs.

In the above solution, the top board is fixedly connected to the upper seat board through a support rod.

In the above solution, the measuring devices are arranged in two groups, two in each group, and the forced centering piers of the two groups of measuring devices are respectively arranged on both banks of the river.

Compared with the prior art, the utility model has the characteristics of synchronous direct opposite observation, direct measurement of the height of the instrument and the elevation of the target, and significantly weakens the three main errors of triangular elevation measurement - the influence of atmospheric refraction and the curvature of the earth and the influence of the instrument The height error of height and target elevation has greatly improved the accuracy and work efficiency when using triangular elevation measurement for cross-river leveling in ultra-wide waters.

Description of drawings

Fig. 1 is a schematic diagram of the principle of cross-river leveling measurement of the present utility model;

Fig. 2 is the structural representation of coaxial target support frame in the utility model;

Fig. 3 is a structural schematic diagram of a forced centering pier in the utility model;

Fig. 4 is the installation schematic diagram of coaxial target support frame in the utility model;

Fig. 5 is a schematic diagram of measuring the height of the vernier probe in the utility model.

Fig. 6 is the schematic diagram of total station installation in the utility model;

Fig. 7 is the schematic diagram of measuring the vertical angle after the total station, the target light and the coaxial target support frame are installed together in the utility model;

Fig. 8 is a schematic diagram of distance measurement after the coaxial target support frame and prism group are installed together in the utility model.

Detailed ways

The utility model provides a precision cross-river leveling measurement device and method in an ultra-wide water area, which has the characteristics of synchronous direct observation and direct measurement of the height of the instrument and the height of the target, effectively weakens the influence of atmospheric refraction and the curvature of the earth, and significantly reduces the The measurement error is reduced, and the accuracy and work efficiency of cross-river leveling using the triangular elevation measurement method for ultra-wide waters are greatly improved.

As shown in Figures 1 to 8, a precision cross-river leveling device for ultra-wide waters includes multiple sets of measuring devices arranged on both sides of the river. Preferably, the measuring devices are set in two groups, two for each group, two sets of measuring devices They are respectively arranged on both sides of the river, and the detection devices include forced centering piers 5. As shown in Figure 1, the forced centering piers 5 on both sides of the river bank can be respectively forced centering piers A, B, C, and D.

The measuring device includes: a coaxial target support frame 1 and a total station 3. The coaxial target support frame 1 is set on the forced centering pier, including a top plate 6 and a base 7, and the support bar is passed between the top plate 6 and the base 7 8 are fixedly connected, and a cylindrical cavity is formed between the top plate 6 and the base 7. The top plate 6 and the base 7 are respectively provided with a first threaded hole and a second threaded hole facing each other, a vernier probe 18 is pierced in the first threaded hole and the second threaded hole, and a target lamp 2 is provided on the top plate 6 and prism group 4. The total station 3 is detachably arranged on the base 7 through a locking assembly. The base 7 includes an upper seat plate 10 and a lower seat plate 11, and the locking assembly includes a plurality of positioning holes 15 arranged in the middle of the upper seat plate 10 and a plurality of locking members 13 arranged on the edge of the upper seat plate 10 and uniformly distributed along the circumference of the upper seat plate 10. The positioning hole 15 is adapted to the positioning claw 17 of the total station 3 , and the total station 3 is fixed on the upper seat plate 10 through the positioning hole 15 and the locking member 13 .

An upwardly protruding threaded boss 16 is provided on the forced centering pier 5, and the top of the threaded boss 16 is directly opposite to the second threaded hole. The top of the threaded boss 16 is in contact with the bottom of the vernier probe 18 for making the vernier probe 18 measure the vertical distance between the top surface of the top plate 6 and the upper surface of the forced centering pier 5 .

The upper seat plate 10 and the lower seat plate 11 are connected by a screw adjustment assembly 12, and the upper seat plate 10 is provided with a pipe level 14. The screw adjustment assembly 12 includes a plurality of threaded columns screwed on the upper seat plate 10 along the circumference of the upper seat plate 10. The top of the column is provided with a knob. The height of the upper seat plate 10 relative to the lower seat plate 11 at the threaded column can be adjusted by rotating the knob, and the air bubble in the tube vial 14 can be located in the middle by adjusting a plurality of screw adjustment assemblies 12, that is, the upper seat plate 10 is level.

Preferably, the target lamp 2 and the prism group 4 are detachably connected to the top plate 6 of the coaxial target support frame 1 through the connecting position at the bottom end thereof.

The utility model provides a precision cross-river leveling device for ultra-wide waters, which has the characteristics of synchronous direct opposite observation, direct measurement of instrument height and target elevation, effectively weakens the influence of atmospheric refraction and earth curvature, and significantly reduces the Measurement error, its measurement method includes the following steps:

S1. Set the forced centering piers A and B on one side of the river bank, and the forced centering piers C and D on the other side, and install the four coaxial target support frames on the forced centering piers A, B, C, and D respectively ;

S2. Adjust the screw adjustment assembly on the upper seat plate, level the coaxial target support frame through the tube level, and use the vernier probe to precisely measure the lead from the top of the coaxial target support frame to the top of the convex head on the forced centering pier. Vertical distance, according to the known height of the coaxial target support frame, the height of the total station and the height of the target light, calculate the height i of the total station and the height v of the target respectively;

S3. Place the total station on the base of the coaxial target support frame on the forced centering piers A and C, and then install the target light on the top of the coaxial target support frame, and the two total stations will be aligned at the same time The same light segment is directly observed, and the vertical angles α _AC and α _CA are measured;

S4. The total station at the forced Guixin Pier A remains motionless, the total station at the forced Guixin Pier C and the target light are moved to the forced Guixin Pier D together, and the two total stations directly observe the same light segment at the same time period Opposite observation, measured vertical angles α _AD and α _DA ;

S5. Force the total station at Guixin Pier D to stay still, and force the total station at Guixin Pier A to move to B together with the target light. The two total stations observe each other synchronously and measure the vertical angle α _BD and α _DB ;

S6. The total station at Mandatory Guixin Pier B remains stationary, the total station at Mandatory Guixin Pier D and the target light are moved to Mandatory Guixin Pier C together, and the two total stations observe each other synchronously, and the measured Vertical angles α _BC and α _CB , so far the upper half of vertical angle measurement rounds is completed;

S7. The positions of the two total stations located on both sides of the strait are reversed, the coaxial target support frame and the target light are not moved, and the vertical angle second half round observation is completed according to the above steps;

S8. Install the two total stations on the forced centering piers A, B, C, and D respectively in turn, and the two prism groups are correspondingly placed on the coaxial target support frames on the forced centering piers C, D, A, and B. At the top, measure and calculate the horizontal distance D between the compulsory centering piers on both sides of the bank;

S9. According to the horizontal distance D between the mandatory centering piers and the corresponding vertical angle α from the total station to the target light, and the corresponding instrument height i and target elevation v, calculate the height difference between the compulsory centering piers on both sides of the strait. The average value of , as the elevation difference measurement

α includes α _AC and α _CA , i includes i _A and i _C , v includes v _A and v _C ;

The measured elevation difference between other compulsory centering piers on both sides of the strait is calculated by referring to the above formula;

S10. Use the leveling method to conduct round-trip observation according to the leveling accuracy requirements of the same level, and measure the height difference h _{AB water} and h _{CD water} of the two forced centering piers A, B, C, and D on the same bank. Then the elevation of each forced centering pier is obtained through adjustment calculation, and the cross-river leveling is completed.

In the above scheme, in step S2, the calculation formulas of instrument height i and target height v are as follows:

i = L _instrument + (LL _box )

v=L _target +L

In the above formula, L is the vertical distance from the top of the coaxial target support frame to the top of the connecting bolt of the forced centering pier, and the L _frame is the height of the coaxial target support frame itself, that is, the top surface of the coaxial target support frame top plate to The vertical distance of the top surface of the upper seat plate of its base, L _is the height of the total station itself, that is, the height from the center of the transverse axis of the total station to its bottom, and L is the height of the _target light itself, that is, the center of the target light to its bottom The distance at the low end is equal to the distance from the center of the target light to the top surface of the coaxial target support frame after the target light is installed on the coaxial target support frame.

In the above step S9, the formula for calculating the height difference between the compulsory centering piers on both sides of the strait is as follows:

According to the triangular elevation measurement principle of opposite observation, calculate the elevation difference measurement value between the forced centering piers A and C on both sides of the bank:

Because the utility model makes the environment and observation conditions that line of sight passes through very similar, it can be considered that the atmospheric refraction coefficient k _AC and k _CA are equal when observing from A to C and from C to A, and the round-trip of opposite observation between A and C The horizontal distances D _AC and D _CA are also equal, so:

Therefore, the formula for measuring the elevation difference between the forced centering piers A and C on both sides of the river for cross-river leveling measurement using the coaxial target support frame device can be simplified as:

The measured elevation difference between other compulsory centering piers on both sides of the Strait is calculated by referring to the above formula.

Compared with the prior art, the utility model has the characteristics of synchronous direct opposite observation and direct measurement of the instrument height and target elevation, which significantly weakens the amount affected by atmospheric refraction, earth curvature, instrument height and target elevation in triangular elevation measurement. High errors and other adverse effects greatly improve the accuracy and work efficiency of cross-river leveling using triangular elevation measurement for ultra-wide waters.

The utility model is not limited to the above-mentioned best implementation mode, and anyone should know that the structural changes made under the inspiration of the utility model, and any technical solutions that are the same as or similar to the utility model, all fall into the scope of the utility model. within the scope of protection.

Claims (8)

1. a kind of ultra-wide waters Precision River-Crossing Leveling device, the multiple groups measuring device including being set to river two sides, feature It is, the measuring device includes:

Coaxial surveyor's beacon branch seat frame, including top plate and pedestal are respectively equipped with the first spiral shell faced on the top plate and the pedestal Vernier stock rod can be worn in pit and the second threaded hole, first threaded hole and second threaded hole, to measuring instrument High and surveyor's beacon is high, is removably equipped with surveyor's beacon lamp and prism group by bolt on the top plate；

Total station is removably disposed on the pedestal by locking assembly.

2. a kind of ultra-wide waters Precision River-Crossing Leveling device according to claim 1, which is characterized in that described coaxial Surveyor's beacon branch seat frame is arranged on forced centering pier, and the forced centering pier is equipped with the plush copper to raise upward, the top of the plush copper Portion and the second threaded hole face, the coaxial surveyor's beacon branch seat frame is tightened by the screw thread plush copper returns in the pressure On heart pier.

3. a kind of ultra-wide waters Precision River-Crossing Leveling device according to claim 1, which is characterized in that the pedestal Including upper base plate and lower seat board, the upper base plate is equipped with spiral and adjusts component, and by spiral adjustment component with it is described Lower seat board connection.

4. a kind of ultra-wide waters Precision River-Crossing Leveling device according to claim 3, which is characterized in that the seat of honour Plate is equipped with pipe spirit level.

5. a kind of ultra-wide waters Precision River-Crossing Leveling device according to claim 3, which is characterized in that the locking Component includes the multiple location holes being arranged in the middle part of the upper base plate and is arranged at the upper base plate edge and along the upper base plate Circumferentially uniformly distributed multiple locking members.

6. a kind of ultra-wide waters Precision River-Crossing Leveling device according to claim 3, which is characterized in that the spiral Adjusting component includes multiple threaded posts circumferentially revolved and be located on the upper base plate along the upper base plate, and the top of the threaded post is set There is knob.

7. a kind of ultra-wide waters Precision River-Crossing Leveling device according to claim 3, which is characterized in that the top plate It is fixedly connected by support rod with the upper base plate.

8. a kind of ultra-wide waters Precision River-Crossing Leveling device according to claim 2, which is characterized in that the measurement Device is set as two groups, and every group two, the forced centering pier of measuring device described in two groups is separately positioned on the two sides in river.