CN208076002U - A kind of train dynamic weighing sensor based on FBG - Google Patents

Abstract

The utility model discloses a kind of train dynamic weighing sensor based on FBG, is related to sensor technical field.The utility model includes the FBG strain transducers installed several fixtures in orbit and be fixed between two fixtures；Fixture includes several U-clamp blocks and bracket；Bracket both sides are fixed on by a pair of U-shaped fixture block on the pedestal of track respectively；It is fixed with connecting plate between adjacent two U-clamps block；The both ends of FBG strain transducers are fixed on along the rectilinear direction of track on bracket.The utility model realizes the real-time measurement to load-carrying on track by designing a kind of FBG strain transducers of high stability, the FBG strain transducers by integrated stabilization, the fixture that firm, fatigue resistance is all good, has precision height, simple in structure, easy to operate；It is sensitive to axial strain but insensitive to transverse strain by FBG strain transducers due to own characteristic.In conjunction with the characteristics of cargo train weight, the range of sensor is designed, in the range of 18 to 100 tons, is linearly weighed.

Description

A kind of train dynamic weighing sensor based on FBG

Technical field

The utility model belongs to sensor technical field, is sensed more particularly to a kind of train dynamic weighing based on FBG Device, for railway traffic field to the real-time overrun testing of overloaded vehicle.

Background technology

There are mainly two types of modes for vehicle dynamic weighing：Vehicle measures and axis remeasurement.Weighing sensor is as dynamic weighing The core devices of system are the input terminals of measuring system.It is at home and abroad mainly used in dynamic weighing system practical application at present Copolymerization formula piezoelectric transducer, capacitance type sensor, bridge-type weighing platform, quartz crystal sensing element, fibre optical sensor Deng.The problems such as above sensor is due to price, performance, service life, it is not high to be easy to cause dynamic weighing system precision, quartz-crystal The only disadvantage of body sensing element is cannot to carry out static measurement in a long time.The disadvantage of this kind of sensor maximum is exactly itself Electrification, there are security risks when being applied in the particular surroundings such as inflammable and explosive, and this kind of sensor life-time is short, precision is low, steady Qualitative poor, adjustment difficulty, is frequently present of and accidentally surveys wrong report phenomenon.

FBG strain transducers are sensitive to axial strain but insensitive to transverse strain due to own characteristic.Existing fixture Formula FBG strain transducers, external pressure are transmitted to sensor, therefore the direct shadow of design of clamp of sensor by clamp of sensor Measurement result is rung, is affected to linear sensor.Fixture must have stable, firm, fatigue resistance.

Utility model content

The purpose of this utility model is to provide a kind of train dynamic weighing sensor based on FBG, it is in-orbit by installing Several fixtures on road and the FBG strain transducers being fixed between two fixtures, solve existing fixture type FBG strain sensings Device, external pressure is transmitted to sensor by clamp of sensor, therefore the design of clamp of sensor directly affects measurement result, right Linear sensor is affected problem.

In order to solve the above technical problems, the utility model is achieved through the following technical solutions：

The utility model is a kind of train dynamic weighing sensor based on FBG, including several folders that installation is in orbit The FBG strain transducers for having and being fixed between two fixtures；The fixture includes several U-clamp blocks and bracket；The bracket both sides It is fixed on the pedestal of track by a pair of U-shaped fixture block respectively；It is fixed with connecting plate between adjacent two U-clamps block；The FBG is answered The both ends for becoming sensor are fixed on along the rectilinear direction of track on bracket.

Further, an opposite inner surface for the U-clamp block is the binding face coordinated with rail bed upper surface；It is described Relatively another inner surface of U-clamp block coordinates with bracket；The U-clamp block lateral surface is equipped with the conduit coordinated with connecting plate.

Further, the bracket includes I-shaped seat or "=" shape seat.

Further, the end of the I-shaped seat and the cooperation of U-clamp block is end plate, the end plate and I-shaped seat Form cascaded surface so that I-shaped seat forms gap with track bottom surface；The end plate is fixed on U-clamp block；" work " The surface of font seat is provided with the threaded hole a coordinated with FBG strain transducers.

Further, also it is provided with threaded hole b in the conduit of the U-clamp block；One lateral surface of U-clamp block is additionally provided with One stud coordinated with the through hole of "=" shape seat.

Further, the both ends of the connecting plate coordinate with the conduit of a U-clamp block respectively, and the both ends of the connecting plate are opened There is the through hole with the threaded hole b cooperations in conduit.

A kind of installation method of above-mentioned train dynamic weighing sensor based on FBG, comprises the following processes：

The both ends of FBG strain transducers are separately fixed on the bracket of two groups of fixtures by SS01, and FBG strain transducers Center line and track centerline collineation；

SS02 connects a pair of U-shaped fixture block by connecting plate；

SS03 is fixed with the support of FBG strain transducers in the relative position for two tracks being mutually parallel installs SS01 respectively Seat is fixed in orbit by the linking U-clamp block that SS02 is formed；

The each sensors of SS04 are fixed by two fixtures, fix the both ends of sensor along orbital direction pacify respectively Dress；The bracket is package rail lower face, and can tightly locking in rail lower surface, while the fixing clamp upper surface or following table Face is hit exactly；U-clamp block is bonded guide rail completely, increases contact area, moreover, U-shaped ensures that part is vertical, and stablizes.

SS05 fixtures use the carbon steel or stainless steel of big elasticity modulus, and carry out screw shimming, patch to structural attachments Glue processing, with the stabilization for improving fixture, firm, fatigue resistance.

The sensor mechanism is：

FBG strain transducers both ends are fixed, the axle pressure information of train acts on rail, and rail passes through U-shaped folder Tool by pressure transmission give be located at structural I-beam among FBG strain transducers, when FBG strain transducers both ends fixed point by When elongating or shortening, that is, the stressing conditions of the body surface of attachment are experienced, fiber grating is strained at this time changes influence Wavelength moves, and extraneous force size can be determined by moving size according to wavelength, i.e., can be measured by single FBG strain transducers Go out a certain wheel of train by when wheel weight；Then the sum of two wheel weights at the same position measured simultaneously further according to double rail The as axis weight of the train herein；The out-of-alignment weight measured by multiple FBG strain transducers or different moments can be counted Calculate corresponding compartment weight and vehicle weight；Train can be determined according to certain section of effective time inner sensor induction pressure peak value number Wheel quantity；Train running speed can be calculated by the time interval of two sensors separated by a distance according to wheel And wheelbase；According to wheelbase, wheel weight, data can extrapolate train model to axis again etc..

The utility model has the advantages that：

1, the utility model passes through collection by designing a kind of FBG strain transducers of high stability, the FBG strain transducers At stabilization, the fixture that firm, fatigue resistance is all good realize the real-time measurement to load-carrying on track, have that precision is high, structure letter It is single, it is easy to operate.

2, the utility model by FBG strain transducers due to own characteristic, it is sensitive to axial strain, but to transverse strain It is insensitive.In conjunction with the characteristics of cargo train weight, the range of sensor is designed, in the range of 18 to 100 tons, is carried out Linearly weigh.

3, the utility model can realize that multigroup series connection measures, and weighing precision be improved in such a way that multiple signal is average, simultaneously Speed is measured.

4, this sensor is not charged, is applicable in the strong electromagnetic radiation environment of Railway Environment.

Certainly, any product for implementing the utility model does not necessarily require achieving all the advantages described above at the same time.

Description of the drawings

In order to illustrate more clearly of the technical solution of the utility model embodiment, make required for being described below to embodiment Attached drawing is briefly described, it should be apparent that, the accompanying drawings in the following description is only some embodiments of the utility model, For those of ordinary skill in the art, without creative efforts, it can also be obtained according to these attached drawings Other attached drawings.

Fig. 1 is that the structure of the dynamic weighing sensor in embodiment one overlooks the schematic diagram at visual angle；

Fig. 2 is that the structure of the dynamic weighing sensor in embodiment one looks up the schematic diagram at visual angle；

Fig. 3 is that the structure of I-shaped seat overlooks the schematic diagram at visual angle；

Fig. 4 is that the structure of I-shaped seat looks up the schematic diagram at visual angle；

Fig. 5 is the structural schematic diagram of the U-clamp block in embodiment one；

Fig. 6 is the structural front view of Fig. 5；

Fig. 7 is that the structure of the dynamic weighing sensor in embodiment two overlooks the schematic diagram at visual angle；

Fig. 8 is that the structure of the dynamic weighing sensor in embodiment two looks up the schematic diagram at visual angle；

Fig. 9 is the structural side view of Fig. 8；

Figure 10 is the structural schematic diagram of the U-clamp block in embodiment two；

Figure 11 is the structural front view of Figure 10；

Figure 12 be track by normal pressure when, the Numerical Simulation Results of sensor structure；

Figure 13 is the front view of the track of Figure 12；

In attached drawing, parts list represented by the reference numerals are as follows：

1- tracks, 2-U clevis blocks, 3- connecting plates, 4- I-shaped seats, 5-, 401- threaded holes a, 402- end plate, 201- slots Road, 202- binding faces, 203- studs.

Specific implementation mode

The following will be combined with the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention, carries out the technical scheme in the embodiment of the utility model Clearly and completely describe, it is clear that the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the utility model, rather than whole Embodiment.Based on the embodiments of the present invention, those of ordinary skill in the art are without creative efforts The all other embodiment obtained, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.

In the description of the present invention, it should be understood that term " trepanning ", "upper", "lower", " thickness ", "top", " in ", " length ", "inner", indicating positions or the position relationship such as " surrounding ", be merely for convenience of description the utility model and simplification Description, does not indicate or imply the indicated component or element must have a particular orientation, with specific azimuth configuration and behaviour Make, therefore should not be understood as limiting the present invention.

FBG Fiber Bragg Grating, as fiber grating, also known as fiber bragg grating.

Fiber-optic grating sensor Fiber Grating Sensor belong to one kind of fibre optical sensor, based on fiber grating Sensing process is to obtain heat transfer agent to the modulation of optical fiber Bragg Bragg wavelength by extraneous physical parameter, is a kind of wave Long modulation fiber sensor.The direct measurement to physical quantitys such as temperature, strains may be implemented in fiber-optic grating sensor.Due to light Fine grating wavelength is sensitive simultaneously with strain to temperature, i.e., temperature causes fiber grating coupled wavelength to move simultaneously with strain so that Temperature and strain can not be distinguish by measuring the movement of fiber grating coupled wavelength.

Dynamic weighing sensor for acquiring Dynamic Signal；Dynamic Signal is when tire passes through dynamic weighing sensor When, the strain of vehicle can cause each grating in fiber grating string to be stretched by axial direction, and generate the inclined of peak wavelength It moves, array grating wave guide mode grating peak wavelength in the block and spectral shape do not change at this time, each fiber grating output Strength signal changes signal.

Wherein, light source unit enters dynamic weighing sensor by optical circulator unit and photoswitch.

Embodiment one

It please refers to Fig.1 shown in -6, the utility model is a kind of train dynamic weighing sensor based on FBG, including installation Two pairs of fixtures on track 1 and the FBG strain transducers being fixed between two fixtures；Fixture includes several U-clamp blocks 2 and support Seat；Bracket both sides are fixed on the pedestal of track 1 respectively by a pair of U-shaped fixture block 2；The company of being fixed between adjacent two U-clamps block 2 Fishplate bar 3；The both ends of FBG strain transducers are fixed on along the rectilinear direction of track 1 on bracket.

Wherein, an opposite inner surface for U-clamp block 2 is the binding face 202 coordinated with 1 base upper surface of track；U-clamp block 2 relatively another inner surface coordinates with bracket；2 lateral surface of U-clamp block is equipped with the conduit 201 coordinated with connecting plate 3.

Wherein, it is end plate 402, end with the end that U-clamp block 2 coordinates that bracket, which uses I-shaped seat 4, I-shaped seat 4, Plate 402 forms cascaded surface with I-shaped seat 4 so that I-shaped seat 4 forms gap with 1 bottom surface of track；End plate 402 is fixed on On U-clamp block 2；The surface of I-shaped seat 4 is provided with the threaded hole a401 coordinated with FBG strain transducers.

Further, it is also provided with threaded hole b in the conduit 201 of U-clamp block 2, the side of I-shaped seat 4 is equipped with and screw thread The both ends of the corresponding internal thread holes of hole b, connecting plate 3 coordinate with the conduit 201 of a U-clamp block 2 respectively, the both ends of connecting plate 3 Be provided with the through hole with the threaded hole b cooperation in conduit 201, by screw by connecting plate 3, U-clamp block 2, I-shaped seat 4 according to Secondary fixation is on track 1.

A kind of installation method of the train dynamic weighing sensor based on FBG, comprises the following processes：

The both ends of FBG strain transducers are separately fixed on the bracket of two groups of fixtures by SS01, and FBG strain transducers Center line and track 1 centerline collineation；

SS02 connects a pair of U-shaped fixture block 2 by connecting plate 3；

SS03 is fixed with FBG strain transducers in the relative position for two tracks 1 being mutually parallel installs SS01 respectively Bracket is fixed on track 1 by the linking U-clamp block 2 that SS02 is formed；

The each sensors of SS04 are fixed by two fixtures, fix the both ends of sensor along orbital direction pacify respectively Dress；The bracket is package rail lower face, and can tightly locking in rail lower surface, while the fixing clamp upper surface or following table Face is hit exactly；The fitting guide rail completely of U-clamp block 2, increases contact area, moreover, U-shaped ensures that part is vertical, and stablizes.

SS05 fixtures use the carbon steel or 304 stainless steels of big elasticity modulus, and to structural attachments carry out screw shimming, Rubberizing is handled, and I-beam is core load mechanism, and train shaft weight information passes to FBG strain transducers with this configuration；To protect Card is linearly weighed, and I-beam needs certain elasticity and rigidity.

Embodiment two

It please refers to shown in Fig. 7-11, the utility model is a kind of train dynamic weighing sensor based on FBG, including installation Two pairs of fixtures on track 1 and the FBG strain transducers being fixed between two fixtures；Fixture includes several U-clamp blocks 2 and support Seat；Bracket both sides are fixed on the pedestal of track 1 respectively by a pair of U-shaped fixture block 2；The company of being fixed between adjacent two U-clamps block 2 Fishplate bar 3；The both ends of FBG strain transducers are fixed on along the rectilinear direction of track 1 on bracket.

Wherein, an opposite inner surface for U-clamp block 2 is the binding face 202 coordinated with 1 base upper surface of track；U-clamp block 2 relatively another inner surface coordinates with bracket；2 lateral surface of U-clamp block is equipped with the conduit 201 coordinated with connecting plate 3.

Wherein, bracket uses "=" shape seat 5, and threaded hole b is also provided in the conduit 201 of U-clamp block 2；Outside U-clamp block 2 one Side is additionally provided with the stud 203 of one and the through hole cooperation of "=" shape seat 5.

Further, the both ends of connecting plate 3 coordinate with the conduit 201 of a U-clamp block 2 respectively, and the both ends of connecting plate 3 are provided with With the through hole of the threaded hole b cooperations in conduit 201.

A kind of installation method of the train dynamic weighing sensor based on FBG, comprises the following processes：

The both ends of FBG strain transducers are separately fixed on the bracket of two groups of fixtures by SS01, and FBG strain transducers Center line and track 1 centerline collineation；

SS02 connects a pair of U-shaped fixture block 2 by connecting plate 3；

SS03 is fixed with FBG strain transducers in the relative position for two tracks 1 being mutually parallel installs SS01 respectively Bracket is fixed on track 1 by the linking U-clamp block 2 that SS02 is formed；

The each sensors of SS04 are fixed by two fixtures, fix the both ends of sensor along orbital direction pacify respectively Dress；The bracket is package rail lower face, and can tightly locking in rail lower surface, while the fixing clamp upper surface or following table Face is hit exactly；The fitting guide rail completely of U-clamp block 2, increases contact area, moreover, U-shaped ensures that part is vertical, and stablizes.

SS05 fixtures use the carbon steel or 304 stainless steels of big elasticity modulus, and to structural attachments carry out screw shimming, Rubberizing is handled, with the stabilization for improving fixture, firm, fatigue resistance.

When as shown in Figure 12 and Figure 13 for track by normal pressure, the Numerical Simulation Results of sensor structure are each to sense Device needs two stationary fixtures, and the both ends of sensor are fixedly mounted along orbital direction respectively.The stationary fixture is package steel Rail lower face, and can tightly locking in rail lower surface, while (or lower surface center needs to carry out for the stationary fixture upper surface The sensitivity of two kinds of mounting means of verification experimental verification, the mounting means for taking effect good) there are one planes, and upper there are two screw holes, should Screw hole is for fiber-optic grating sensor to be fastened on stationary fixture upper surface by screw.The mechanism is that fixture is fixed on steel On rail, when train wheels are rolled among two stationary fixtures, the small deformation that is bent downwardly, two geometrical clamps occur for rail Minor change occurs for tool distance, and minor change reaction is microstrain on a sensor, can be with by the numerical value of the microstrain Extrapolate wheel weight.

In the description of this specification, the description of reference term " one embodiment ", " example ", " specific example " etc. means Particular features, structures, materials, or characteristics described in conjunction with this embodiment or example are contained in at least one of the utility model In embodiment or example.In the present specification, schematic expression of the above terms be not necessarily referring to identical embodiment or Example.Moreover, particular features, structures, materials, or characteristics described can be in any one or more embodiments or example In can be combined in any suitable manner.

The preferred embodiment in the utility model disclosed above is only intended to help to illustrate the utility model.Preferred embodiment is simultaneously There is no the details that detailed descriptionthe is all, does not limit the specific implementation mode that the utility model is only described yet.Obviously, according to this theory The content of bright book can make many modifications and variations.These embodiments are chosen and specifically described to this specification, is in order to preferably The principles of the present invention and practical application are explained, to enable skilled artisan to be best understood by and utilize this Utility model.The utility model is limited only by the claims and their full scope and equivalents.

Claims (7)

1. a kind of train dynamic weighing sensor based on FBG, which is characterized in that including：

Several fixtures on track (1) and the FBG strain transducers being fixed between two fixtures；

The fixture includes several U-clamp blocks (2) and bracket；The bracket both sides are fixed on by a pair of U-shaped fixture block (2) respectively On the pedestal of track (1)；It is fixed with connecting plate (3) between adjacent two U-clamps block (2)；

The both ends of the FBG strain transducers are fixed on along the rectilinear direction of track (1) on bracket.

2. a kind of train dynamic weighing sensor based on FBG according to claim 1, which is characterized in that the U-clamp An opposite inner surface for block (2) is the binding face (202) coordinated with track (1) base upper surface；The phase of the U-clamp block (2) Another inner surface and bracket are coordinated；U-clamp block (2) lateral surface is equipped with the conduit (201) coordinated with connecting plate (3).

3. a kind of train dynamic weighing sensor based on FBG according to claim 1, which is characterized in that the bracket Including I-shaped seat (4) or "=" shape seat (5).

4. a kind of train dynamic weighing sensor based on FBG according to claim 3, which is characterized in that " work " The end of font seat (4) and U-clamp block (2) cooperation is end plate (402), and the end plate (402) forms rank with I-shaped seat (4) Tread so that I-shaped seat (4) forms gap with track (1) bottom surface；The end plate (402) is fixed on U-clamp block (2)； The surface of the I-shaped seat (4) is provided with the threaded hole a (401) coordinated with FBG strain transducers.

5. a kind of train dynamic weighing sensor based on FBG according to claim 3, which is characterized in that "=" Shape seat (5) is fixed on a lateral surface of U-clamp block (2)；It is provided in the middle part of "=" the shape seat (5) and matches with FBG strain transducers The end of the threaded hole b (501) of conjunction, "=" the shape seat (5) are provided with through hole.

6. a kind of train dynamic weighing sensor based on FBG according to claim 1 or 2, which is characterized in that the U It is also provided with threaded hole b in the conduit (201) of clevis block (2)；(2) one lateral surface of the U-clamp block is additionally provided with one and "=" shape The stud (203) of the through hole cooperation of seat (5).

7. a kind of train dynamic weighing sensor based on FBG according to claim 1, which is characterized in that the connection The both ends of plate (3) coordinate with the conduit (201) of a U-clamp block (2) respectively, and the both ends of the connecting plate (3) are provided with and conduit (201) through hole of the threaded hole b cooperations in.